Towards Ecological Stewardship Based on Ecosystem Natural Capital Accounts - Nimbu
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Thematic cluster on Geospatial Data
Thursday 29 November 2018
Towards Ecological Stewardship
Based on Ecosystem Natural Capital Accounts
Jean-Louis Weber
International Consultant
Former Special Adviser on Economic-Environmental Accounting to the European Environment Agency
Ecosystem Accounting in the International Statistical Context
The System of Environmental-Economic Accounts “Central Framework” (SEEA-CF) adopted
World Bank/
by the UN Statistical Commission in 2012 as an international statistical standard on par with
WAVES
the System of National Accounts (SNA 2008) has been supplemented in 2013 by a volume
Applications
on “Experimental Ecosystem Accounting” (SEEA-EEA). While the SEEA-CF is recommended
for implementation, the SEEA-EEA which is a conceptual framework is now tested in various AEE: SEEA/ECA
projects. Ecosystem Capital
The CBD TS77 Ecosystem Natural Capital – Quick Start package (ENCA-QSP) is a contribution Accounts
to the implementation of the SEEA. SEEA volume 2
SEEA volume 1 “Experimental Ecosystem
SNA SEEA-EEA/ENCA
“Central Framework” Accounting” Mauritius
USE
UN CBD:
SEEA/ENCA-QSP
DEGRADATION
J.-L. Weber, 29 Nov. 2018
ENCA-QSP: A Quick Start Package to support
the experimentation of the SEEA-Experimental Ecosystem Accounts
• A response to the requirement of the CBD
Aichi Target 2 call for incorporating, as
appropriate and by 2020 at the latest,
biodiversity values into national accounting.
• A Quick Start Package
• A technical accounting framework for
measuring ecosystem sustainable capacity,
resilience and economic sectors’
accountability to the ecosystem.
• It includes a full set of tables and guidance
for compilation.
• A “distribution” (in the sense used for open
source software) of the SEEA-EEA, aimed at
putting it to work
• Supported by a tutorial for technical training
of experts (Kangaré)
http://www.ecosystemaccounting.net/
J.-L. Weber, 29 Nov. 2018
Accounting for What? To Measure Ecosystem Capital Degradation (or Recovery)
Ecosystem degradation impacts and associated socio-economic issues
• Biodiversity loss • Economy’s liability to its impacts
• Desertification on ecosystems
• Accounting for ecosystem capital
• Food security depreciation and related monetary
• Water regulation costs (Restoration, Avoidance,
• Climate change and adaptation Offset…)
• Exposure to natural risks • Ecological debts and related
financial risks
• Sustainability of ecosystem
• Health (clean water, clean urban
services air…)
• … • Sustainability of economic growth
Ecosystem capital degradation
= Loss of ecosystem capability to supply services and sustain life on Earth
= Loss of intrinsic ecological value
J.-L. Weber, 29 Nov. 2018
Value is not just about money…
…however maintaining the intrinsic value of
a priceless asset may have a cost
but this asset is
invaluable = it has
no monetary value…
Paid costs of
maintenance
and restoration
Cultural
services, Estimated cost of
may not (yet) paid repairs
generate =
income… asset depreciation
J.-L. Weber, 29 Nov. 2018
What to Account For? ENCA Measures Ecosystems Intrinsic Value
Ecosystem
Public Good:
Ecosystem Functions Metrics
(regulation of climate and =
Ecosystem
water, healthy air, Intrinsic Value
Capability
biodiversity… and Units
sustainability of services)
Appropriated Metrics
Resource: =
Utilitarian Value
Economic Money
Natural Assets
J.-L. Weber, 29 Nov. 2018
How to Count? In Ecosystem Capability Units (ECU)
• SEEA-EEA: integration of services and assets in monetary units. It measures
utilitarian value.
• ENCA-QSP : integration of ecosystem capital with a composite index called
Ecosystem Capability Unit (ECU). ECU is a currency to measure intrinsic value.
Total Ecosystem Capability,
Degradation or Enhancement
(measured in ECU currency)
Resilience / Health Resilience / Health Resilience / Health Composite
Index Index Index Index
Indexes =
Sustainable Use Sustainable Use Sustainable Use
Index Index Index ECU
Ecosystem
Addition is Carbone Balance Water Balance Infrastructure/
limited or (tonnes, joules…) (m3) Biodiversity Balance
impossible (weighted ha or km)
J.-L. Weber, 29 Nov. 2018
Overview of CBD-ENCA-QSP
Economic valuation (in $) of unpaid
Economic valuation (in $) of
costs of restoration and offset
ecosystem services values
[today not recorded in the
(e.g. SEEA-EEA, TEEB, models…)
SNA and companies’ accounts]
Ecological Balance-Sheet of sectors and companies (in ECU):
Ecosystem Physical Assets, Receivables and Debts
Total Ecosystem Capability, Assessment
of important
Degradation or Enhancement
services in
(in Ecosystem Capability Units, ECU)
physical
terms
Resilience / Health Resilience / Health Resilience / Health (e.g. MAES)
Index Index Index
Sustainable Use Sustainable Use Sustainable Use
Index Index Index
Ecosystem
Carbone Balance Water Balance Infrastructure/
(tonnes, joules…) (m3) Biodiversity Balance
(weighted ha or km)
Land cover account (ha) + Hydrographical network
J.-L. Weber, 29 Nov. 2018
Ecosystem Natural Capital Accounts are Deep-rooted in Geospatial information
Economy Total Ecosystem Capital Capability in ECU, Stocks and Change
Enhancement Balance sheet in ECU
of physical assets,
Unpaid costs: Stocks ecological debts
Ecosystem Capital Degradation and receivables
Consumption
(National accounts)
or Depreciation Stocks
(Financial Accounts) 1990
Restoration
Final Demand at
costs
Full Price
Change
Ecological
1990-
sustainability of 2006
Value Added Sustainability
supported by coefficients
ecosystem
services
Landscape Ecological Potential change 1990-2006, by ecosystem landscape units
J.-L. Weber, 29 Nov. 2018
Examples of land and ecosystem natural capital accounts
Diachronic analysis and land
cover account in Burkina Faso
Gabriel JAFFRAIN (IGNFI)
Oumar Issa SANNON (IGB)
© BDOT - Burkina Faso – EIONET meeting Copenhague 30-31st January 2006
Land cover account for Europe: Burkina Faso / IGB & IGNFI, 2009, LEAC/BDOT
Urban Sprawl 1990-2000 (in red) Land over account 1992-2002
Total Ecosystem Capital Capability and Change in Mauritius (Provisional results)
Total Ecosystem Capital Capability (inland): Total Ecosystem Capital Capability (inland):
ECU value by Socio-Ecological Landscape Change in ECU value, % by Socio-Ecological
Units, 2010 Landscape Units, 2000-2010
Net Landscape Gains and Losses in Change in Small Rivers
Ecological Potential NLEP 1990-2012 Ecological Condition
(NLEP) 2012 2009-2015 (%)
Ecosystem Natural Capital Accounts of the Rhône River Basin
Preliminary results
Source: UNCEEA meeting 2014 Experimental ENCA,
https://unstats.un.org/unsd/envaccounting/ceea/meetings Mauritius Case Study (IOC, 2014) (Arguello J., Weber J.-L., Parmentier H. and Negrutiu I., 2018, ENS Lyon, France)
/ninth_meeting/UNCEEA-9-8e.pdf
Pilot ENCA for Mauritius: ENCA for the Rhone River Catchment : NLEP (left), Change in
Total Ecosystem Capability (in ECU) (left) NLEP 1900-2012 (middle) and Change in Small Rivers Ecological
and Change 2000-2010 (right) Condition 2009-2015 (right)
J.-L. Weber, 29 Nov. 2018Examples
Land of land and ecosystem natural capital accounts
Total Ecosystem Capital Capability and Change in Mauritiusareas
and Ecosystem Accounts in Europe: Sprawl of artificial 1990-2000
(Provisional results)
Total Ecosystem Capital Capability (inland): Total Ecosystem Capital Capability (inland):
ECU value by Socio-Ecological Landscape Change in ECU value, % by Socio-Ecological
Units, 2010 Diachronic analysis and land
Landscape Units, 2000-2010
cover account in Burkina Faso
Gabriel JAFFRAIN (IGNFI)
Oumar Issa SANNON (IGB)
Diachronic analysis and land
Land cover account for Europe:
© BDOT - Burkina Faso – EIONET meeting Copenhague 30-31st January 2006
Burkina Faso / IGB & IGNFI, 2009, LEAC/BDOT
cover account in Burkina Faso
Urban Sprawl 1990-2000 (in red) Land over account 1992-2002
Total Ecosystem Capital Capability and Change in Mauritius (Provisional results)
Total Ecosystem Capital Capability (inland): Total Ecosystem Capital Capability (inland):
Net Landscape Gains and Losses in Change in Small Rivers
ECU value by Socio-Ecological Landscape Change in ECU value, % by Socio-Ecological
Units, 2010 Landscape Units, 2000-2010
Ecological Potential NLEP 1990-2012 Ecological Condition
(NLEP) 2012 2009-2015 (%)
Net Landscape Gains and Losses in Change in Small Rivers
Ecological Potential NLEP 1990-2012 Ecological Condition
(NLEP) 2012 2009-2015 (%)
Ecosystem Natural Capital Accounts of the Rhône
Gabriel JAFFRAINRiver
(IGNFI) Basin
Oumar Issa SANNON (IGB)
Ecosystem Natural Capital Accounts of the Rhône River Basin
Preliminary results
Preliminary results
Source: UNCEEA meeting 2014 Experimental ENCA,
(Arguello J., Weber J.-L., Parmentier H. and Negrutiu I., 2018, ENS Lyon, France)
Source: UNCEEA meeting 2014
https://unstats.un.org/unsd/envaccounting/ceea/meetings Mauritius Case Study (IOC, 2014)
/ninth_meeting/UNCEEA-9-8e.pdf
Experimental ENCA,
(Arguello
Source: J.,PilotWeber J.-L.,
ENCAAgency
European Environment 2006 Parmentier H. andNLEP
https://unstats.un.org/unsd/envaccounting/ceea/meetings
for Mauritius: Negrutiu
ENCA I., 2018,
for the Rhone ENS
River Catchment : Lyon,
NLEPCase
Mauritius France)
(left), Change
Study (IOC,in2014)
1900-2012 (middle) and Change in Small Rivers Ecological
Total Ecosystem Capability (in ECU) (left)
/ninth_meeting/UNCEEA-9-8e.pdf
©and
BDOT - Burkina
Change EIONET meeting Copenhague 30-31st January 2006 Condition 2009-2015 (right)
Faso –(right)
2000-2010
J.-L. Weber, 29 Nov. 2018The ENCA-QSP Data Model: Assimilation & Integration of Statistics and Geo-Data
Data QA/QC, Data assimilation Accounts integration,
Data input analysis & (e.g. within analysis & reporting at
Socio-economic processing 1 ha or 1 km2 grids) various scales
data and statistics
Disaggregate &
(by regions) map
Data extraction
Classify,
Satellite images aggregate
& map
Generalised
monitoring Analyse &
data process
Data from monitoting
stations, samples Extrapolate
Overlay &
Hotspots
integrate
Administrative
Statistical & Extract, cross- divisions,
geographical check Socio-ecological
management
reference datasets codification units, river
areas…
catchments or risk
perimeters…
J.-L. Weber, 29 Nov. 2018The ECU Metrics and Policy Measures
Policies to Halt or Mitigate Policies to Support Ecosystem
Ecosystem Degradation Conservation & Enhancement
Traditional policies Traditional policies
• Regulations, command & control • Public investments (conditionality)
• Fiscal policy, taxes, PPP • Public procurements (conditionality)
• Public procurements (conditionality) • Subsidies to programmes (conservation,
Novel or emerging policies involving actors reforestation, organic agriculture, water
• Recording ecosystem degradation and treatment…)
depreciation [& ecological debts] Novel or emerging policies
• Green finance (conditionality) • Recording ecological receivables for
• Rating sovereign and private financial nature conservation and restoration
risks • Green finance (conditionality)
• Integration of Environmental, Social and • Nature offset payments and banking
Governances (ESG) risks factors (OECD) • Private-Public Partnerships
• Full price of commodities
• Nature offset payments & banking
• Private-Public Partnerships
J.-L. Weber, 29 Nov. 2018ENCA at the Global Scale: the 3 Rio Conventions and SDGs
Need of ecosystem natural capital accounts for better coordination
of the 3 Rio Conventions on Climate Change, Desertification and
Biological Diversity
J.-L. Weber, 29 Nov. 2018ENCA at the Global Scale: the 3 Rio Conventions and SDGs
Need of ecosystem natural capital accounts for better coordination
of the 3 Rio Conventions on Climate Change, Desertification and
Biological Diversity
SD G 6
SD G 2 W a ter
6 .3 r e so u r c e
Need of ecosystem natural capital accounts for the SDGs
Fo o d
se c u r i t y 6 .4
e c o syst e m s
– Accounting is mentioned in targets 15.9 and 17.19
SD G 1 5
SD G 1 3 SD G 1 4 SD G 1 7
La n d
Clim a te M a rin e 1 7 .1 9
e c o sy st e m s
a d a p t a t i o n , e c o sy st e m s 1 5 .9 : su p p le m e n t
d i sa st e r s a ccou n tin g GD P …
J.-L. Weber, 29 Nov. 2018ENCA at the Global Scale: the 3 Rio Conventions and SDGs
Need of ecosystem natural capital accounts for better coordination
of the 3 Rio Conventions on Climate Change, Desertification and
Biological Diversity
Need of ecosystem natural capital accounts for the SDGs
– Accounting is mentioned in targets 15.9 and 17.19
Possibility of a Global ENCA by 2020
– First step, quick start
using the best accessible datasets
– Mapping & accounting physical
ecosystem degradation or enhancement
– A dream? Presentation at the CBD COP 15,
in November 2020 in Beijing? ?
J.-L. Weber, 29 Nov. 2018Thank You !
Jean-Louis WEBER
jlweber45@gmail.com
http://www.ecosystemaccounting.net/
J.-L. Weber, 29 Nov. 2018You can also read
