TASMANIAN SEAFOOD INDUSTRY NEWS - VOLUME 10 FEB/MAR 2018
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VOLUME 10 FEB/MAR 2018
TASMANIAN SEAFOOD
INDUSTRY NEWS
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2 TASMANIAN SEAFOOD INDUSTRY NEWS
FROM THE
PRESIDENT
Salmon Farm Expansion
As you are all aware, the topic of salmon farms, the
Salmon Growth Plan and salmon farm expansion has
polarised many within the seafood industry.
Personal discussions with TSIC members clearly confirm some members are supportive, some members
TASMANIAN SEAFOOD INDUSTRY are against and some members are simply sitting on the fence with respect to current and future salmon
COUNCIL (TSIC) farm operations and options.
Tasmanian Seafood Industry Council TSIC has been following all salmon-related issues and proposals throughout this journey, and has provided
ABN 61 009 555 604 continued formal and informal submissions and advice to the Government and the salmon farms as
PO Box 878, Sandy Bay TAS 7006 required. Fundamental to any TSIC advice or policy is the TSIC Board-endorsed policy that supports a
117 Sandy Bay Road, Sandy Bay TAS 7005 ‘defensible’, ‘peer reviewed’ science-based decision-making process to regulate our marine resources and
Chief Executive: Julian Harrington 0407 242 933 preserve statutory access rights. Again, there are widely differing views about the science and regulation
03 6224 2332 of salmon, but one thing I will say is that IMAS does bring independent science to the table, not just for our
tsic@tsic.org.au salmon industry, but also our wild-catch fisheries. Not agreeing with a scientifically based IMAS outcome
TasSeafoodIndustry does not change the fact that the science provided by IMAS is independent.
www.tsic.org.au
Recent TSIC Board-approved submissions to the Salmon Growth Plan and two Storm Bay expansion
proposals included the following recommendations:
Official Sponsors of Tasmanian Seafood UU The Government should commit to a formalised ‘filtering’ process within the proposed salmon farming
Industry News zones as a first stage process for identifying potentially suitable and unsuitable exploration areas, with
minimal to no impact on wild-catch fisheries.
UU The Government should establish a formalised seafood industry consultation process as part of this
preliminary filter process.
UU The Government/SMRCA should fund IMAS to conduct updated or new habitat mapping for each
potential salmon farm zone, as this would clearly define hard reef habitat.
UU There should be a review of the boundaries of the no grow zone and current grow zone around the
Actaeon/Recherche Bay area, with a view to providing a greater no-grow buffer around the Actaeon
Islands, as this is an abalone industry area of very high significance.
UU TSIC encourages the Government and salmonid aquaculture industry to explore current and future
technologies to improve the environmental and operational performance of salmon farming, especially
around on-land grow-out technologies and options.
UU New salmon farming options should not overlap current wild-catch/other marine farming activities in
order to maintain current statutory access rights.
UU If a new salmon farm development impacts current wild-catch fishery catches/other marine farming
operations, compensation must be paid.
UU A 1.5 nM buffer (as per TACL and TRLFA Policy) between any new salmon farm development and hard
reef habitat should be formalised within government policy.
UU A formal TSIC member forum should be established to better explain salmon operations and future
expansion plans.
TSIC expects robust and ongoing independent monitoring of current and new farming zones, to ensure
benthic damage from salmon operations does not extend beyond the 35 m compliance boundaries
(i.e. under legislation, damage cannot be observed beyond 35 m from the lease boundary). When
this compliance boundary is breached, we will actively call for mitigating action to ensure recovery of
impacted areas.
As was the case with Macquarie Harbour, TSIC supported the controlled removal of fish from pens where
the 35 m compliance boundary was impacted in a manner that would allow the continuation of jobs,
Cover: Blackman Bay oyster lease support regional communities, provide stability of the salmon market price, but at the same time provide
the complex environment of Macquarie Harbour the opportunity to recover. We acknowledge that this
Credit: Ronan Nicholls is a very complex set of factors that TSIC considers, and I know there are many who would argue against
considering jobs, regional economies and market price, and focus only on environment. We cannot,
however, forget the families and subsidiary businesses that rely on salmon farming when making such
decisions. Following the removal of fish from areas where the 35 m compliance boundary has been
breached, TSIC supports the Government's policy that no environmental impact be observed within the
entire lease area before the region can be restocked.
Design & Print Management:
TSIC holds a very similar policy when discussing reductions in wild-catch TACs. That is, what level of TAC
Creative Hum
reduction minimises hardship but allows stock rebuilding to occur? And, stocks need to recover to an
03 6231 9142
agreed level before an increase in TAC can be considered. The TSIC Board believes that these policies both
info@creativehum.com.au
support and protect wild-catch resources and access rights while allowing an opportunity for salmon farm
www.creativehum.com.au
expansion in a responsible manner.
Proudly printed in Tasmania
LINDSAY NEWMAN
VOLUME 10 FEBRUARY/MARCH 2018 3
CHIEF EXECUTIVE REPORT
State AMSA Update In amongst a busy schedule, I am expected to
review three pieces of legislation, 41 pages in
Election COST RECOVERY MODEL total of legal talk, and provide feedback within
five DAYS!!!! Yet another example of unrealistic
Welcome everyone Following an AMSA Fishing Industry Advisory
expectations and the chewing up of my time as we
to 2018, a year that is Committee (FIAC) meeting in Sydney during early
transition to AMSA.
bound to bring with it December and further information provided by
a significant amount of AMSA during late December, TSIC now has a
politics, with a State better understanding of a proposed AMSA Cost Maritime Training
election sometime early
in the year! Over the last
Recovery Levy model. In general, the proposed
Cost Recovery Levy provides the best imaginable
Package
12 months, TSIC has had very positive discussion outcome for Tasmanian Class 3 (fishing) Although TSIC continuously voiced concerns at
with the Government around future resourcing vessels. all stages of the MAR Training Package review and
and management of seafood, with some very endorsement process, I was continually made
It is proposed that a vessel levy will be calculated
successful outcomes to date, including the to feel like I just didn’t understand the changes.
by totalling a fixed charge, plus a variable charge.
development of a biotoxin laboratory in Tasmania, Regardless, TSIC retains the view that the changes
The fixed charge rate depends on vessel class,
but more about that later. We have also had will impact the length of training and cost of
area of operation and length category. The
productive discussions with the Shadow Minister, delivering qualifications such as Coxswain 1,
variable charge is a proposed $40 fee per metre of
to ensure the opposition is fully aware of the Master < 24 and MED 3 qualifications. We are yet to
vessel. The overall principle is that larger vessels
seafood situation. be convinced that the Case for change and Scope
that work well out to sea (Class B) will pay more
As we enter full election mode, TSIC proposes of review actually aligns with the actual changes
than smaller vessels that work in inshore waters
to table a range of issues and ideas to all sides made, and we hold significant concerns that proper
(Class D or E).
of politics in the lead-up to the election, but consultative processes were not followed. In
A comparison of the full AMSA cost recovery summary, we do not believe that the modifications
central to this discussion will be consolidating the
and MAST levy shows that approximately 75% of are needed nor are they in the best interests of the
regulation of our seafood industry, real-time data
fishing vessels in Tasmania will pay less under end user – Industry.
and quota transfer, control of Centrostephanus
the proposed AMSA Cost Recovery Levy. This,
on our East Coast, removal of latent effort and It was only through the support of Minister
however, does not take into account potential
transferability of certain licence and gear types, Rockliff, Skills Tasmania, the Tasmanian
increased fee for service and shifted costs related
amongst more. representative on the Australian Industry
to the NSCV under an AMSA delivery model.
TSIC will provide members with information on Skills Council (AISC) Will Kestin, as well as
Of significant benefit to all Tasmanian fishing the equivalent Victorian counterparts that the
party policies in the next TSIC Update Newsletter.
vessel operators is the announcement by the endorsement process was stalled at the last
If you do not receive this update, it is because we
Federal Government that they will provide a hurdle.
do not have your email address or you have not
$102.4 million package to support industry
requested a hard copy be mailed. Call or email In an attempt to ‘educate me’ about the
transition to the new National arrangements.
the TSIC office to receive this Update Newsletter proposed changes, I attended a meeting with
This money will be used to transition into full
(03 6224 2332 or tsic@tsic.org.au) representatives from AMSA and Australian
cost recovery over a 10-year period. What does
Industry Standards, with representatives from the
this actually mean? It means you will only pay a
Biotoxin Laboratory proportion of the levy for the next 10 years. The
Federal Department of Education and Skills, Skills
Tasmania and AISC also present. I was fortunate
proposed rate of subsidy for the first five years is:
In mid-December, TSIC, Oysters Tasmania and AST enough to have Rory Byrne from STT there for
laboratory representatives joined Minister Jeremy Year Subsidy % support. The key message delivered during this
Rockliff to formally open the Analytical Services 2018-19 100 i.e. no levy meeting was that all changes are required by
Tasmania Biotoxin Laboratory at St Johns Park, AMSA (not Industry) and that all changes align
2019-20 85.67
New Town. This was a momentous occasion for with the NSCV (Part D – Crew Competencies).
two key reasons. 2020-21 66.93 TSIC still fails to see linkages between the changes
2021-22 48.46 and the NSCV. An outcome of the meeting was an
Firstly, on-island testing will greatly reduce the
2022-23 41.85 expectation that I would review the 27 documents
time taken from sample collection, screen result
associated with the MAR Training Package Review
to final test result, meaning wild-catch fishers and This $100 million package is a great outcome
and identify where we do not think changes align
marine farmers can be operating more often than for industry, and means that there will be
with the legislation and industry needs, all by
under the Sydney laboratory testing model. considerable savings for Tasmanian seafood
5 February.
operators for many years as we transition to
Secondly, it was a truly outstanding effort for
the new system. We certainly thank the Federal In partnership with the Office of the Victorian
the AST staff to finalise equipment purchase,
Government for this support. Skills Commissioner and Seafood Industry
setup and validation of testing and become fully
Victoria, and with the support of STT and Skills
operational in such a short timeframe.
COST RECOVERY LEGISLATION Tasmania, we will continue to work through this
I would like to extend my full appreciation to issue on behalf of the Tasmanian seafood industry.
As part of the AMSA cost recovery levy process,
Damien Norman, Tim Jordan and all other AST
the Department of Infrastructure, Regional To conclude, I need to give a huge thank you to
staff for making this happen. A further thanks
Development and Cities sought comment from Rory Byrne and James Garde at Seafood and
to the Government and Minister Rockliff for
industry to help inform drafting of legislation Maritime Training (STT) for the considerable
providing the $1.2 million funding that allowed
required to introduce an annual levy on domestic support they have provided TSIC throughout this
this to happen. More information about the AST
commercial vessels. issue.
laboratory can be found on the next page.
JULIAN HARRINGTON
4 TASMANIAN SEAFOOD INDUSTRY NEWS
LAB TESTING AT AST
A recent facilities upgrade at
Analytical Services Tasmania
(AST) has enabled local testing of
biotoxins in shellfish. AST has been
providing services to government,
industry and the general public for
more than 20 years.
To date this work has been predominantly
environmental testing or public health-related
work. The biotoxin facility extends that work
to provide testing for amnesic, diarrhetic, and
paralytic shellfish toxins in as little as
24-48 hours. Previously all biotoxin testing was
conducted in Sydney, creating delays in testing.
The upgrade was undertaken with consultation
from both TSIC and Oysters Tasmania to industry
specifications.
The new service provides fast and flexible testing
operating 52 weeks of the year, including the busy
Christmas and Easter breaks, with testing days
occurring on Mondays and Wednesdays. Twice
LEFT TO RIGHT: MINISTER JEREMY ROCKLIFF, JOSH POKE – OYSTER GROWER AND DAMIEN
weekly, year round testing can assist shellfish
NORMAN – ANALYTICAL SERVICES TASMANIA (AST)
growers in managing business, and enables
growers experiencing a closure to open at the
earliest opportunity.
This can lead to better local and interstate
On-island testing This meant reopening for harvesting five days
before the previous Sydney laboratory system
market access, while also protecting export saves time and would have allowed.
markets and the Tasmanian brand. The reliability
of testing has also been increased. The facility
money for industry Initial screen results within 24 hours during this
period allowed better business planning and
has gained testing accreditation for oysters, Although the AST Biotoxin Laboratory has only deployment of resources elsewhere.
mussels, pipis and scallops, and is working been servicing the Tasmanian industry since
to extend the scope to other species that are November 2017, the shellfish industry is already John Sansom of the TRLFA has also taken
affected by biotoxins, including rock lobster, reaping significant benefits. Sample turnaround advantage of the new facilities, using the new lab
abalone and clams. AST plans to complete times have been reduced from five to seven days for sentinel mussel testing this season. The TRLFA
research that will enable this extension of testing from sample collection to receipt of results under has ten sampling sites along the East Coast where
later in 2018. the Sydney laboratory scenario, to just two days mussels are collected in areas with no oyster
under the AST model. Combined with the ability or mussel farming. Sampling of these sentinel
The lab is also working on a new, more species is critical for identifying the potential for
to submit two samples in a week, this means
streamlined method for PST analysis which has PST accumulation in rock lobsters.
that closure times may be reduced for harvesting
the potential to improve result turnaround for
areas, assisting business owners with planning Within southern rock lobsters, the toxins
some samples. As part of this work, AST will
and cash flow. accumulate in the hepatopancreas (the tomale),
participate in an international inter-laboratory
trial for the new test in mid-2018, organised 2017 saw unprecedented levels of biotoxins in and take much longer to leave the lobster than
by two of the world leading laboratories in PST waters along the East Coast associated with other shellfish. The 2017/18 extended closure
analysis, Cawthron (NZ) and Cefas (UK). a long-lasting algal bloom. This resulted in of the Bicheno and Maria Island Zone has been
extended closures for shellfish harvesting, with a result of toxins taking a long time to clear
In the next few months AST will begin to report from the lobster after the extensive bloom.
some farms closed for 12 weeks, for wild-catch
results directly to growers and samplers in Furthermore, hepatopancreas samples had to
industries such as rock lobster and abalone, and
addition to the regulator. For samples submitted be sent to Sydney, causing further delays to
voluntary closures for commercial divers.
by Monday morning this can enable growers to the opening of the Bicheno Zone – a leading
receive a result on Tuesday or Wednesday. While Spring Bay Seafoods mussel operations were example of how testing in Sydney affects fishing
AST does not have any official role in opening closed for 17 weeks, and although the bloom had operations.
or closing growing areas, this information can mostly dispersed by late November 2017, mussels
provide significant benefits for business operation were still above the safe consumption level until The TRLFA welcomes future lobster sampling at
and decision making, particularly during algal the end of the year. AST, in addition to the sentinel species sampling,
bloom events. to improve regulatory response times. John
Spring Bay Seafoods’ Phil Lamb emphasised that Sansom commented that “the new lab means
The biotoxin facility is co-located with the the option of choosing between two test days in not having to worry about courier difficulty and
algae testing facility at 18 St Johns Avenue in a week allowed them to pay for an extra test in delays.” Fortunately, commercial rock lobster
New Town. To see the lab in operation, call AST the first week to obtain a first compliant sample, fishers are able to relocate their fishing efforts
reception on (03) 6165 3300 to organise a tour. following it up with a second sample a week later. while some areas are closed.
VOLUME 10 FEBRUARY/MARCH 2018 5
SOUTH-EAST COMMONWEALTH
MARINE RESERVES
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6 TASMANIAN SEAFOOD INDUSTRY NEWS
OYSTERS TASMANIA
OYSTERS TASMANIA
SUE GRAU, EXECUTIVE OFFICER
New Year reflections
There was a frantic end to 2017 for some oyster
growers in the shellfish industry, with harvesting
for the Christmas season concentrated to a
small window between algal blooms and rainfall
events. Other farmers saw none of this action
with one growing area shut for a three week
period due to a sewage spill and Tasmania’s
mussel grower did not open until just after
Christmas because of the lingering impacts
of the algal bloom on the East Coast (see
the previous edition). POMS continued to be
detected in some of the growing areas previously
infected but weather probably contributed to
lowering water temperatures.
While the Tasmanian shellfish industry is still
facing a number of challenges over the next few
years, it seems that we are moving slowly from
the initial responsive phase through a period HARVESTING IN LATE 2017 WAS SO FRANTIC FOR SOME GROWERS THAT EVEN
of recovery to one of adaption. Living with THE EO AND HER FAMILY PITCHED IN
disease and harmful algal blooms may see some
innovation and changes to business models As a sign of industry maturity, growers from policy that will maximise harvesting days and
emerge in the longer term. POMS free or intermediate classified areas food safety.
have indicated that they could cross subsidise
The year ahead will see Oysters Tasmania Biotoxin management is a vital component of
infected areas, who will receive full fee reduction
continuing to support and advocate on behalf of the new ShellMAP and new on-island biotoxin
for industry levies. This will see a smaller
our growers with a number of priority projects. testing at the Government’s Analytical Services
balance to be distributed amongst the remaining
There is still a lot of summer to get through Tasmania laboratory and has already saved
licence holders.
before a complete assessment of POMS is some growers thousands of dollars. This is the
conducted around March. We will continue to Importantly, this financial support from importance of one extra harvesting day in the
work on the new quality assurance program, Government is also complemented by a current climate. You can read all about the new
the ASI breeding program, a new governance commitment to develop a new quality assurance lab in the next article!
structure and reviewing our revenue raising program ShellMAP (Shellfish Market Access
Oysters Tasmania will continue to lobby on
events. Program), in close partnership with industry.
behalf of the industry in the development and
implementation of ShellMAP, which will feature
Continued levy relief Maximising Safe in the next edition.
Tasmania’s shellfish industry is fortunate to Harvest Days
LOC
have the ongoing support of the Tasmanian Tasmania’s shellfish industry understands
Government during this time of recovery. As that consumers of Tasmanian produce locally,
part of the POMS Industry Support Package the nationally and around the world need to be
Government has waived licence fees and levies
for the shellfish quality assurance program over
confident about the testing and safety of our
quality shellfish products. A quality assurance
DOMESTIC
the last two years. program is also essential for maintaining market COMMERCIAL
Recognising the slow recovery from POMS access for the industry. VESSEL SERVICES
and the additional challenges of sewage spills An additional objective the industry would like
and the impacts of harmful algal blooms, the to see incorporated into our quality assurance
Tasmanian Government announced an extension program is to maximise the amount of safe DC Surveys
of the POMS Industry Support Package with a harvest days. This is particularly relevant in the AMSA Accredited
partial levy relief in late January. While the entire opening and closing of growing areas for harvest, FREECALL 1800 688 816
industry is affected by POMS due to restrictions due to factors such as the presence of biotoxins
on stock movement and stock availability, the during harmful algal blooms and significant Contact Steve, your local surveyor
four growing areas that have been infected are rainfall events. We will be working closely with 0417 918 855
more adversely impacted by the disease. the Government to develop a ShellMAP that dcv@locgroup.com
develops strategies such as a harvest and hold
VOLUME 10 FEBRUARY/MARCH 2018 7
JETTY TALK
14 Dec 2017 – Media The company that owned the fishing business was
fined $378,000 and was also ordered by the court
Release NSW DPI to forfeit all its shares in the lobster fishery, which
could be worth around one million dollars.
OPERATION TALON – FOUR MEN In addition to this it was ordered to pay $70,000
GIVEN MILLIONS OF REASONS NOT in costs.
TO ILLEGALLY FISH
“The restaurant was charged with 30 offences,
The biggest fines ever issued in NSW for illegal including receiving fish for commercial use
fishing have been handed down in a Sydney court, without being registered and trafficking an
with three men, a company and a Wollongong indictable species of fish, and was fined
seafood restaurant heavily penalised. $398,000. They were also ordered to pay
NSW DPI Director Fisheries Compliance, Patrick $150,000 in costs.
Tully, said the three men, the company and the “NSW DPI Fisheries officers conducted months
Illawarra seafood restaurant were charged as part of covert surveillance and used GPS vessel The Diana contacted the rescue organisation,
of Operation Talon, targeting the theft and illegal movement data, daily catch log sheets, trap which relayed the stricken boat’s coordinates.
sale of thousands of dollars’ worth of eastern rock records, tax invoices and financial records.
lobster. One man was sentenced to imprisonment On route, Mr Potter noticed a small white boat
for at least two years and another received a “This is a resounding result for DPI Fisheries in another direction. He faced changing course
12-month suspended sentence. Collectively the officers who have worked hard on this case or continuing towards the coordinates he’d been
illegal syndicate face up to $2.5M in fines, court for several years. It’s also a win for the hard- given. “Going the wrong way could cost them their
costs and forfeiture of valuable lobster fishing working commercial fishers who fish legally and lives,” he said.
shares for hundreds of offences dating back to responsibly throughout the State.”
Asking for a flare to be let off, orange smoke
2012. The State’s commercial fisheries are carefully began emanating from the white boat, confirming
“Collectively the illegal syndicate were found managed to ensure top quality NSW seafood it was the vessel. It later turned out the men had
guilty of 217 offences, identified as far back to is available to the community, including those given the wrong coordinates due to an electrical
2012,” Mr Tully said. who can’t or don’t want to catch their own. The fault. Mr Potter sidled the Diana up to the boat.
sustainability and economic value these fisheries When seawater began choking its engine, the men
“The men and businesses, including a commercial bring rely on everyone observing the rules. were told to get out.
lobster fisherman, the company that owned the
fishing business, a chef as well as the restaurant The vast majority of fishers do the right thing; “Another wave came over and the boat went down
were found guilty of exceeding the possession however, for those that don’t, NSW DPI Fisheries in about 20 seconds, it was incredible,” Mr Potter
limit for eastern rock lobsters, possessing fish said.
Officers will not hesitate to bring illegal fishers
illegally taken, receiving fish for commercial before the courts where they can expect to face Two made it off but a third man became stuck
use without being registered and trafficking an severe consequences. under the boat’s canopy as it went down. “He was
indictable species of fish. The offences relate to
pretty average when we got him, he was extremely
around a tonne of rock lobsters purchased by
lucky,” Mr Potter said.
the company on numerous occasions over an
18-month period between 2013 and 2014.
10 January 2018 – One of the rescued men, Jamie Quinn, praised his
“The court heard that the fisherman deliberately
Mercury rescuers. “You guys saved the lives of the three of
us which we will be forever grateful,” he said on
overfished the species, deliberately failed to
A MURES FISHING VESSEL AND Facebook.
record his catch and then on-sold the illegally
fished lobsters in a bid to systematically avoid ST HELENS MARINE RESCUE COME
TO AID OF STRANDED RECREATIONAL
fisheries management regulations.
FISHERMEN Planning for a Blue
“The 50-year-old commercial fisher, previously
from Wollongong, was fined $76,000 and ordered Three men, plucked from the ocean against all Future
to pay $250,000 in costs for offences including odds, have hailed their rescuers as lifesavers.
falsifying log book entries, intentionally declaring GLOBAL SALMON CONFERENCE,
The men departed St Helens on Tuesday for
fewer rock lobsters than he caught, and then some recreational fishing around the continental 6-8 DECEMBER 2017, HOBART
selling the difference illegally to the restaurant on shelf. But while they were angling, their boat was Scientists, industry, regulators and non-
a number of occasions. He was also found guilty taking on water. A blown fuse in the pump meant government organisations came together in
of failing to tag commercial caught rock lobsters they didn’t realise until it was too late. Stuck 13 late-2017 for a Salmon Symposium at IMAS, with
on a number of occasions as required by NSW DPI nautical miles off the coast, the trio tried bailing the purpose of drafting an integrated roadmap
and also reusing tags to falsify catch. out the water and called in a mayday. for the future of the industry. This Symposium
“The fisherman was convicted of 10 counts of For the first time in months, a Mures fishing vessel provided a platform to review world’s best
trafficking in an indictable species of fish, in – the Diana – happened to be in the area. It was practices and future developments in farming
addition to 96 other offences. In addition to his the only boat nearby. St Helens Marine Rescue systems, environmental management, biosecurity,
fines, he was sentenced to a maximum three years also heard the mayday, thanks only to a new radio science and policy. To view the presentations
in jail and a non-parole period of two years. system it had installed last month. given by salmon leaders from Norway, Canada,
Faroe Islands and Scotland, visit www.imas.utas.
edu.au/home/home-features/global-salmon-
symposium-2018
8 TASMANIAN SEAFOOD INDUSTRY NEWS
DURATIO N: L OCATION : INTA KE: DELIVERY: SPECIFICATION S
Two years Cradle Coast Term 1 Face-to-face Specialise in
full-time or campus (February 2018) (workshops, Aquaculture
part-time tutorials,
Newnham
equivalent laboratories,
campus
field trips)
Sandy Bay and online
campus
Associate Degree in Applied Science
Specialise in Aquaculture
The Associate Degree in Applied Science On completion of an Associate Degree CA R E ER O P P O R T U NI T I E S
has been developed in response to industry in Applied Science, graduates are
demand and is specifically designed to provided with: New to Applied Science and never worked in
equip graduates with progressive work-ready the industry before?
• an entry point to a career in aquaculture;
skills. Students learn how to solve workplace For graduates new to science, this
problems using scientific theory, problem • an opportunity to accelerate progression in
qualification could assist you to gain technical
solving techniques and critical thinking – a current organisation;
roles in farms and hatcheries in both
essential skills sought by employers. Students • an opportunity to open up a new career freshwater and marine environments.
also develop their core skills and knowledge path; or
in communication, teamwork and leadership Already working in industry and want to fast
• a pathway into further study at the
and how to relate these skills back to the track or leverage off past experience?
University of Tasmania.
discipline content.
For graduates already working in science,
The program has a focus on work integrated
T H E COU R S E S T R U C T U R E the Associate Degree in Applied Science
learning opportunities such as industry guest may enable you to progress into managerial
The Associate Degree in Applied Science
speakers, industry visits, projects, case studies positions and leadership roles.
is structured over two years full-time (or
and internships. Industry experts are actively equivalent part-time), based on four teaching
E X T END YO U R S T U DY I N TO A
involved in developing and teaching of the terms of 10 weeks. The Associate Degree
course, utilising an innovative online delivery B AC H EL O R D E GR EE
comprises of study in 16 different topic areas,
platform, practical workshops and tutorials. each with a ‘practice’ or hands-on learning Students who complete the Associate
component, making a total of: Degree in Applied Science will receive
Aquaculture is the fastest growing primary
industry in Tasmania, which supports over two years full credit into the University of
• 16 discipline subjects
3,000 full-time jobs and is growing every Tasmania’s Bachelor of Applied Science (top
• 16 practice and portfolio subjects up). Students wishing to articulate from the
year. The Associate Degree in Applied Science
Aquaculture is relevant to all aspects of the Associate Degree in Applied Science into
CORE ST U DY AR EAS
Tasmanian industry, including salmon, trout, another bachelor program may gain some
oysters, mussels and abalone. The Tasmanian • Understanding Science credit, subject to the faculty’s discretion.
aquaculture industry is a world leader in • Applied Maths
quality, innovation and technology.
• Aquatic Biology
Aquaculture is the fastest growing primary • Aquatic Chemistry
industry in Tasmania. The Associate Degree in
• Quality Management
Applied Science Aquaculture is relevant to all
• Sustainability
aspects of the Tasmanian industry, including
salmon, trout, oysters, mussels and abalone. • Project Management
The Tasmanian aquaculture industry is a world • Aquatic Health
leader in quality, innovation and technology.
Currently, an estimated 2,595 Full Time
Equivalent (FTE’s) are employed in the
Tasmanian aquaculture sector (inclusive of
salmonid processing)*.
*Seafood Industry Workforce Profile, May 2017.
Tasmanian Seafood Industry Council
APPLY NOW FOR A 2018 START
For more infomation, please contact the University of Tasmania student recruitment team.
Phone: 1300 363 864 Email: course.info@utas.edu.au Website: utas.edu.au/college
CRICOS Provider Code
(University of Tasmania):
VOLUME 10 FEBRUARY/MARCH00586B. 2018 9
RODNEY TRELOGGEN
Rodney Treloggen is one of Rodney’s first commercial trip out to sea was
the best-known and respected aboard the Storm Bay with a bloke called Peter
Australian seafood industry Bevan. “The Storm Bay was 60-foot long, and only
about two foot sticks out of the water.”
representatives. He was in the
A big north-easterly came in on this first trip. “We
rock lobster industry for 11 years, rolled our rings out all night.” The next morning
President of the Tasmanian Rock Rodney pronounced, “I’m out of here,” and then
Lobster Fishermen's Association proceeded to ride the three-metre swell into
(TRLFA), then Chief Executive shore in the 10-foot aluminium dinghy and walked
Officer and now a life member homewards towards the Gardens. So his first trip
of the Association. didn’t last long, not even 24 hours!
Rodney was a board member of the Seafood Rodney bought his first cray boat, the Suzanne,
Services Australia, Tasmanian Fishing Industry in 1983/84. The Suzanne was built by Bernard
Council (now Tasmanian Seafood Industry Council) Wilson and his father in Triabunna in the 1950s.
and the Australian Seafood Industry Council. He “She was a beautiful little sea boat,” Rodney
was vice-chairman of Southern Rocklobster Ltd reminisces. “Drew four-foot six and had 14 inches
technology, stayed with the old ways. “There are
and was also a member of several other fisheries of freeboard.” Rodney started crayfishing on board
some still using older technology today,” Rodney
research groups and boards. the Suzanne. Back then, smaller crays fetched
explains.
$6.50 per kg, and with anything over 2 kg fetching
Rodney began his fishing career at the tender age $5.75. Most trips would be week-long, with the A craft that had previously taken fishermen years
of 12 fishing off the coast of 240 acres of family- Suzanne returning most times with between 300 of experience to cultivate had been replaced
owned land in St Helens. Using bailing twine and and 400 kg. Rodney generally caught 100 bags a overnight. Colour sounders made it easy for
sheep’s heads, Rodney – along with his brother year (roughly 5 tonnes) with 18 pots. “We’d work newcomers to the industry to locate the best of
and uncles, on a full moon and low tide – piled into on catching 50 bags from November to December the crays. Global Positioning Systems (GPS) soon
their old brown dodge and headed out crayfishing. and 50 bags from January to August… It was followed, which led to the rapid expansion of chart
“We used to tie the bailing twine around the pretty predictable.” plotters. GPSs revolutionised offshore fisheries
sheep’s head and hang it down in the kelp… you’d and, ‘’have had the biggest single effect on the
see the feelers come up through the kelp.” Rodney The early days were tough, with no reliable
rock lobster stocks,” exclaims Rodney. Following
recalls his cousin catching 13 crays in one scoop of communications as such and being at sea for up
on from GPSs came ‘bottom contour mappers’,
the dip net underneath the hanging sheep head. to 10 days without seeing family. When Rodney
which allowed fishermen to gain insight into where
“In those days, the crays were everywhere – there first went to sea, he had an HF radio that was
the most probable feeding zones were in a given
was no measure, you just kept the big ones and notoriously unreliable when the weather was
area. “This information could then be downloaded
threw the small ones back.” bad. “You only had RAD phone on and everybody
and shared with any number of other fishermen.”
listened to that anyway.” After HF radio came
The first large fishing boat Rodney set out to sea 27 MHz radios with a single side band. Rodney The last year Rodney fished was 1995, when he
on was the 50-foot, steel Lisa Jane with Basil erected a 30-foot aerial at home and had an ran a boat called the Kate Louise. Kate Louise,
Whittaker in 1975. The Lisa Jane had a manual electrician split the bands so he could have a being 67 feet overall, was a bit of a culture shock
anchor winch, which Rodney loathed. “Used to secret channel. This worked only for so long until to Rodney. Nicknamed ‘Tall Timbers’, built on the
hate it if you ever anchored anywhere in deep someone else got theirs split the same. Next North-West Coast, she was twin masted with step
water for any reason because it was hard yakka.” came UHF radios. “They were great UHF with a masts in the top. Rodney ran her for 12 months for
Rodney started large-scale fishing with Basil who repeater-off channel… we could be in the top end a retired air traffic controller and then he himself
taught him, among other things, how to make of Flinders Island and talk back to home, which retired from commercial fishing, beginning the
craypots and sling nets. Rodney credits Basil was great.” next chapter of his illustrious career, as Chief
with being the catalyst behind his start in the Executive Officer of the Tasmanian Rock Lobster
Around this time, too, was the start of an era
crayfishing industry. “He was a very good mentor Fishermen's Association (TRLFA).
of fish finders (colour echo sounders) and the
and a great friend.” conversion from paper charts to screens. Some We would like to thank Rodney for his significant
of the older fishermen, not trusting the new contribution to the Tasmanian fishing industry.
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10 TASMANIAN SEAFOOD INDUSTRY NEWSVOX POP:
CLIVE PERRYMAN
What inspired you to
become a rock lobster Retirement
fisherman? of Rob Gott
To be truthful, I didn’t want to As some of you would be aware, the
be a cray fisherman when I was Director of Marine Resources, Rob Gott,
younger because I didn’t like
has recently retired from DPIPWE. Rob
the idea of getting up early and
putting up with rough weather and has been an active part of Tasmania’s
I used to get seasick pretty bad. seafood industry across many roles and
I was interested in metalwork at over many years. His knowledge of our
school so I was lucky enough to
seafood industry and its regulation will
get an apprenticeship as a fitter
be a huge loss for both DPIPWE and the
and turner.
seafood industry. On behalf of TSIC and
However, when the family boat
the Tasmanian seafood industry, I wish
Berean was replaced in South
Australia for a fast boat, the Rob all the best in his retirement.
opportunity was presented to use
it to go fishing in Tassie and I have CLIVE WITH DAUGHTER LAYLA ON SOUTH
Lindsay Newman, President,
been fishing for the last 20 years. COAST TRIP
Tasmanian Seafood Industry Council
What's your first memory of eating rock lobster?
My first memory of trying rock lobster (crayfish) to eat was at a Christmas party. There were
crays on the table and everyone was feasting on them. The grown-ups would pick off a leg
and show the kids how to get the meat out.
If you could change one thing about the seafood industry,
what would it be?
If I could change one thing about the seafood industry as a whole, it would be to be more
united and connected with one another. I believe that to truly achieve great outcomes,
more is achieved when there is a united approach to issues and goals.
The seafood display at the Australian Wooden Boat Festival is just one example how
a whole-of-industry approach has seen the seafood display become a truly amazing
showcase, something that we all can be proud of.
McGuinness
What do you think will change in the industry over the next
Fisheries
five years?
Specialising in the Sale/Lease/Purchase
Having grown up in the seafood industry and a small town where practically everyone was of Commercial Fishing Packages,
involved in crayfishing, I have seen a lot of changes over the years. Quota & Commercial Vessels
When I went fishing with Dad as a young boy he had a paper echo sounder to find bottom
and landmarks and flags to find his pots. Now we have 3D bottom-mapping software to find
the bottom and GPS to locate pots. Technology is always evolving and will definitely keep
having an influence on industry.
What might (someone) be surprised to know about you?
People may be surprised to know that I can windsurf and also played bass guitar in a
pub band, although I don’t get much time to do these things lately! www.macfish.com.au
Which AFL team do you follow? FOR SALE:
Commercial Vessels,
I like to follow Geelong in the AFL, as I spent two years there doing my apprenticeship and Licence/Quota Packages
lived opposite Kardinia Park. I got to play on Kardinia Park twice in the local under 18s
grand finals. WANTED:
Tassie Permits/Pots/Abalone/all types.
Buyers and lessees waiting.
admin@macfish.com.au
VOLUME 10 FEBRUARY/MARCH 2018 11TRLFA
TASMANIAN ROCK LOBSTER
FISHERMEN’S ASSOCIATION
JOHN SANSOM, CEO
This summer there have again been
reported incidents of warmer water
temperatures in some areas of the
State affecting the quality of rock
lobsters unloaded from fishing
vessels.
While this is not a widespread or major problem,
it does appear to be a recurring issue more often
than not in recent years. Although the cause
of rising sea surface temperatures (SST) is still
a matter of some debate, the effects can be
expensive for industry operators.
SST normally rise over the summer period.
However, Tasmania can experience extreme
events, like the marine heatwave of 2015/16, and
incidents of higher than normal SST can occur
with the passage of an intense, slow-moving
high pressure system. The image below indicates FIG 1.
a 3 degree rise above the average SST during
December. See FIG 1.
The amount of dissolved oxygen in seawater varies in an environment with an appropriate flow of reduces density, providing more water/oxygen for
according to temperature. As the temperature of seawater/oxygenation to suit conditions. It is fewer fish. Fishers with vessels that have wet wells
seawater increases during the summer months, also extremely important to minimise the time must ensure that the vessel stays in locations that
the amount of dissolved oxygen in that water period for unloading catch, especially in hot cause high vessel motion to increase seawater
subsequently decreases, leaving less available and/or windy conditions. Using wet hessian flow. On board a tank vessel, the easiest solution
oxygen for the lobsters on board a fishing vessel. to cover fish bins reduces the temperature by may be to increase the output of the seawater
This results in lobsters requiring more water/ approximately 3 degrees and increases the pump.
oxygen when water temperatures increase to humidity in the container, helping prevent
If these options do not suit a vessel’s operations,
maintain optimum quality. lobsters from drying out.
then adopting one of the following methods will
The below table, taken from the Southern Rock For southern rock lobster to maintain its place at increase the supply of oxygen to the vessel’s
Lobster Manual Clean Green manual, shows that the peak of the rock lobster market, all sectors of seawater supply.
with an increase in sea temperature from 17 to the supply chain must employ the best handling
On a tank or well vessel, extra oxygen can be
21 degrees, the required water flow for lobsters practices to ensure the absolute highest quality
introduced to the seawater supply by aeration.
increases by approximately 18%. See FIG 2. product reaches the consumer.
On board a well vessel, a mechanically driven
The quality of lobsters for the market begins with There are some simple and inexpensive solutions air compressor is required to pump air through a
the handling and holding practices of fishers that fishers can employ to mitigate the effects simple piping system installed within the well to
on board fishing vessels. It is the responsibility of warm water and ensure that lobsters are in aerate the seawater. A tank vessel is afforded the
of the fisher to ensure that lobsters spend an premium condition on board fishing vessels. luxury of choosing a compressor or venturi pipe
absolute minimum time out of water during to supply air to the delivery side of the seawater
The easiest and simplest measure is of course
the catching and sorting process and are kept pump and deliver aerated seawater through the
to put fewer lobsters on board the vessel. This
Southern Oxygen Water Flow Air Flow
Rock temp°C
Lobster Consumption (g h-1) Required (L h-1) Required (L h-1)
5 9.1 2985 1740
9 16.0 5778 3075
Unstressed
13 25.0 9839 4808
Lobsters
17 37.1 15792 7127
21 52.1 23908 10017
5 14.0 4607 2686
9 45.0 16251 8647
Active
13 76.0 29909 14615
Lobsters
17 79.1 33717 15218
21 87.1 40000 16758
FIG 2. FIG 4.
12 TASMANIAN SEAFOOD INDUSTRY NEWSALL MARINE
YOUR
FIG 3.
SURVEYS
SAFETY
existing plumbing in the tank. Aerator units are OVERSEAS
also available commercially in AC and DC power Meanwhile in the United States, warming water
Commercial and
IS OUR vessel
supplies. Any aerator pump should be situated at temperatures are causing greater concern. The
least 50 cm above the water level in the tank or Gulf of Maine lobster population is expected to recreational
BUSINESS
well to prevent the risk of syphoning or flow back. shrink 40-62% over the next 30 years because of
The other method of oxygenating the seawater rising ocean temperatures, according to a study surveys
on any type of lobster vessel is by diffusion. A published on 22 January 2018. See FIG 4.
well vessel requires a simple piping system to be As the water temperature rises – the north-west AMSA accredited
installed on the bottom or top of the well with
numerous small holes, which deliver seawater
Atlantic Ocean is warming at three times the Fully insured
Locally owned
global average rate – the number of lobster eggs
squirted under pressure into the well. This system that survive their first year of life will decrease,
and operated
only requires a pump similar to a deck hose and the number of small-bodied lobster predators
pump. A tank vessel would require plumbing only that eat those that remain will increase. Those PeopleVisit:
you know
at the top of the tank. See FIG 3.
The examples given here are simple solutions for
effects will cause the lobster population to fall
through 2050, according to a study by researchers
www.kedge.com.au
and trust
existing vessels. If you are contemplating a major at the Gulf of Maine Research Institute, the
University of Maine and the National Ocean and
Operating
or call Adam on
conversion to your vessel or even a new one,
Tasmania wide
0417 544 339
you should contact a suitably qualified engineer Atmospheric Administration.
to discuss the requirements for the quantity of Looking ahead 30 years, the researchers predict
lobsters you intend to hold. a lobster population ‘rewind’ to the harvests Commercial vessel
An entire report on rock lobster water quality documented in the early 2000s. In 2002, 6,800 surveys your needs
to discuss
licence holders landed 63 million pounds of
is available from http://www.imas.utas.edu. and our special
au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0020/743114/ lobster valued at $210.9 million. By comparison, Recreational and
Optimising-Water-QUality-in-Rock-Lobster- 5,660 licence holders harvested 131 million introductory offers
insurance surveys
Post-Harvest-Processes.pdf pounds valued at $533.1 million in 2016.
Article courtesy of www.pressherald.com
Naval architecture
and new builds
CRAY QUOTA AMSA and MNZ Accredited
Fully insured
WANTED TO LEASE:
Professional fisherman requires cray quota to lease
on fair terms for the upcoming quota year.
www.kedge.com.au
Any quantity considered with prompt payment assured
Terms and conditions negotiable.
CONTACT DAVE KIELY F.V ERIN-K 03 6292 5782
PHONE 0428 717 387 service@kedge.com.au
EMAIL dkiely57@hotmail.com
VOLUME 10 FEBRUARY/MARCH 2018 13AMSA
AUSTRALIAN MARITIME
SAFETY AUTHORITY
National system for PURCHASING AN EXISTING VESSEL
domestic commercial Like purchasing a second-hand car or house, it
is easiest to buy an existing vessel that is already
Placing equipment such as
AC units, equipment and
vessel safety – suitable for what you intend to use it for. If you
spare gear up high can make
transition update will need to make changes to the vessel, including
its class of survey, you need to consider the your vessel too top heavy,
Work is well underway and on track for AMSA to associated modification and compliance costs. and increase the windage of
start delivering national system services from 1 You should also check the survey history of the the vessel, causing increased
July 2018. We are working closely with Marine vessel and look at whether any ‘major’ surveys heeling moments. Your stability
and Safety Tasmania to ensure a smooth transfer such as the renewal survey or shaft survey are assessment may not account
of services so you can continue to access the coming up. The costs of these surveys will be
services you need, when you need them. for loads this high, and this
higher, and remember, you will need to fix any
equipment can obstruct the
Australia’s Transport Ministers have recently deficiencies that are found.
ability of the life raft to float
agreed to provide more than $100 million The sale of a vessel in itself is never a trigger for
in funding over the next 10 years to support free in an emergency.
needing a vessel stability assessment, so long as
industry’s transition to national service the vessel has been in commercial survey within
arrangements. the last two years. However, it is quite common
for one of a number of things to occur that will demonstrates the vessel is stable for a given
With the funding agreed, we are working to
then trigger the need for the vessel’s stability to loading condition (the most unfavourable). The
finalise the national system fees and levy charges
be assessed or re-assessed. results are recorded on a stability compliance
– taking into account industry feedback from
report and full stability booklet is not required.
the levy consultation in 2016. We have recently Certain modifications to the vessel or changing
released on our website a proposed levy model, the use of the vessel may trigger a stability For larger vessels or vessels with more
including the subsidised charges for the next five assessment. General triggers are: complex loadings and operations, a stability
years along with some further information. book is required, and when a vessel changes
UU a change to the displacement of the vessel, displacement or operation, the stability load
AMSA, TSIC and our other advisory group which can include untracked creep in cases will need to be updated.
members are working together to finalise a draft displacement (items on board that have
model. This model will then be subject to final accumulated over time) This is done by measuring the vessel’s lightship
Australian Government approval and will not particulars (the amount it displaces and
become law unless legislation is passed by the UU vessel modifications or changes in operation, location of its centre of gravity with only the
Australian Parliament. In the meantime, AMSA including change in type of fishing, or bare essentials on board and dry tanks), then
welcomes you to provide feedback by filling out wanting to operate outside the geographical
calculating the worst loading cases it may
restrictions listed on the vessel’s Certificate of
the web form on the ‘contact us’ page on AMSA’s encounter (with full tanks, people and catch on
Survey.
website. board).
In the event that a vessel does need a stability
The levy is calculated based on vessel class, If you are unsure whether the changes you wish
assessment, there are a range of stability criteria
length and area of operation and is calculated to make will trigger the requirement for a stability
that can be applied.
using a combination of a fixed and variable fee. No assessment or other National Law requirements,
levy will be charged in the first year while services For vessels engaged in simple operations, a you can seek advice from an AMSA accredited
transition and are standardised across Australia. practical test can often be conducted that surveyor or contact AMSA for clarification.
LEVY CALCULATION EXAMPLE
A 10-metre fishing vessel operating offshore and not beyond 30 nautical miles is classified as a class 3C vessel.
Description 2018–19 2019–20 2020–21 2021–22 2022–23
Class 3
Variable charge Area C 0 $29 $69 $111 $128
7.5-12 metres
Class 3
Fixed charge 0 $6 x 10m $14 x 10m $22 x 10m $26 x 10m
vessel length=10m
Total levy charge Fixed + variable fee 0 $89 $209 $331 $388
The national system will mean the fees for vessel services will be the same in all Australian states and territories. More information about the fees to be
charged for certain services will be published soon.
If you are wanting to access national system services – until the end of June 2018 it is business as usual. You can continue to contact MAST, or,
for survey services, a private accredited surveyor. AMSA will let you know as things change and if and when you need to take any action.
Go to www.amsa.gov.au/domestic for more information, advice and updates about these changes or follow us on Facebook.
14 TASMANIAN SEAFOOD INDUSTRY NEWSIMAS
INSTITUTE FOR MARINE &
ANTARCTIC STUDIES
Rock Lobster Update
By Justin Rizzari
PUERULUS MONITORING
IMAS researchers have been monitoring
settlement rates of southern rock lobster pueruli
along Tasmania’s East Coast since the early 90s.
The monitoring sites along the East Coast
are located adjacent to Bicheno, South Arm,
Recherche Bay, and Flinders Island. In more than TRADITIONAL CREVICE COLLECTOR (LEFT) AND NEW OYSTER MESH COLLECTOR (RIGHT)
20 years of monitoring puerulus, settlement rates
an increase in settlement in 2012, with reported RED UNDER THE TAIL
have remained relatively low, and stable, with the
catch rates being better than the 2016/2017 Late last year a southern rock lobster was caught
exception of spikes in settlement at Bicheno in
season. Therefore, it is expected that the record out of St Helens that had flesh with a distinct
1991 and 1995, and at Bicheno and Recherche Bay
high settlement rates observed in 2017 would be reddish colour. The red colour comes from the
in 2012. Encouragingly, 2017 has been a record
evident in higher catch rates in 2022/2023. astaxanthin pigment that is the same pigment
high year across all sites for puerulus settlement
except for Flinders Island. At the end of last year, researchers also sought added to salmon feed to produce their red colour,
to revamp the puerulus collector design. which salmon would also get in their natural diet
There is roughly a five year gap between when from eating crustaceans. Astaxanthin is a protein
Currently, puerulus collectors consist of heavy,
puerulus settle and when they become of legal bound to lipids to help stabilise lipids, and is
angled wooden slats that mimic natural crevice
size to be exploited by the fishery. Ideally, present in the shell of rock lobsters, but more
habitats. They need to be serviced by divers. At
puerulus settlement would be incorporated into importantly in this case, it is related to the eggs.
Flinders Island and Bicheno, a new, boat-hauled
the southern rock lobster stock assessment model Red-fleshed southern rock lobsters are almost
system of collectors constructed out of oyster
to help forecast future exploitable biomass. always females and it is usually a sign that the
mesh are being trialled to enable puerulus
However, the relationship between puerulus female has not been able to find a mate. When
monitoring to be more efficient. In the beginning
settlement and future catch rates is not yet this happens, the ovary is resorbed rather than
of December 2017, we saw large swell hitting
reliable enough to incorporate into a formal stock spawned as eggs. The resorbed ovary contains
the coast around southern Tasmania, which
assessment. With that said, one pattern that does all the rich pigmented lipoproteins bound to
resulted in the puerulus crevice collectors at
seem to emerge is, when there are high peaks in astaxanthin that would have enabled the embryos
Recherche Bay being destroyed. The collectors
settlement, the catch rates five years later tend to to develop. When this is resorbed, the blood
are usually deployed on sand, and after the run
increase. and flesh turns red. On an individual level a red
of swell, there was no sand at the monitoring
For example, the 1995/1996 and 1999/2000 site and the reef has extended out a further few tail is ok and is perfectly healthy for humans
seasons had higher catch rates following spikes metres. Therefore, another goal of redesigning to consume. It is the same chemical group of
in settlement in 1991 and 1995. The 2017/18 the collectors is so that they can better withstand carotenoids that occurs naturally in vegetables
season looks to be promising as well following the elements commonly encountered on the like carrots and is added to pretty much anything
southern and western coasts of Tasmania. This we eat that is yellow or red, such as salmon,
would enable more collectors to be placed around cheese, or margarine. However, on a population
the State, thereby providing better coverage of level, red-fleshed lobsters are not ideal because if
puerulus settlement and robust data that could there are many of them it indicates that the stock
be incorporated into future stock assessments. is too depleted for successful mating.
SOUTHERN ROCK LOBSTER TAIL FLESH TIME SERIES DATA OF PUERULUS CATCHES PER COLLECTOR AT BICHENO,
WITH NORMAL WHITE FLESH ON THE LEFT FLINDERS ISLAND, RECHERCHE BAY, AND SOUTH ARM
AND RED FLESH ON THE RIGHT
VOLUME 10 FEBRUARY/MARCH 2018 15You can also read
