QUAX-aγ: Search for the QCD Axion with the LNF Haloscope - CLAUDIO GATTI FOR THE QUAX-LNF GROUP
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QUAX-aγ: Search for the QCD Axion with the LNF
Haloscope
CLAUDIO GATTI FOR THE QUAX-LNF GROUP
1
FFF - LNF January 13th 2021
¡ QUAX R&D
¡ QUAX Experiment at LNF
¡ Multicavity approach
a. The Resonant Cavities
b. The Magnet OUTLINE
c. Signal Amplification
d. Data Acquisition
e. Single Photon Detection
2
QUAX R&D 2018-2020
Created by Chameleon Design from Noun Project
3
QUAX: Quest for Axions
gd 5 µ⌫ gaN N µ 5 gaee µ 5
L = i a N̄ µ⌫ N F +i @µ a N̄ N +i @µ a ē e +ga aE·B
2 2mN 2me
Quax-ag Quax-ae
B0 B0
Axion DM Axion Wind
M0
Coil
Coil
Ma
Bc Bc
Ec
Ec
Antenna Antenna
4
Amplifier Amplifier
Cryostat Cryostat
State of Art Haloscope Room Temperature Amplifiers
Dilution Refrigeretor T
QUAX-ae with Quantum-Limited Ferromagnetic Haloscope
Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 171801 (2020)
EPJC (2018) 78:703
Experimental Setup
B [T] 0.5
N. of GaYIG Sphere 10
(diameter =2.1 mm)
ns [spin/m3] 2.1×1028 Ba < 5 10-19 T
tmin [µs] 0.1
Frequency [GHz] 10.7
Cu-cavity Q (mode TM110) 50,000
Tcavity [mK] 90
T amplifier [K] (JPA) 0.5-1
6
QUAX-ag Searh for QCD Axion with ma=43 µeV
-6
10
Axion Coupling |gag g | (GeV-1)
PVLAS
10- 7 ALPS I
-8
OSQAR
10
-9
10
10
- 10 CAST
RBF+UF
ORGAN
10- 11
QUAX-ag
10- 12
ADMX
- 13
10
CAPP
HAYSTAC
10- 14
D
10
- 15 QC
Experimental Setup - 16 KS
VZ
10
SZ
B [T] 8 DF
10- 17 -6 -5 -3
10-7 10 10 10-4 10 10-2 10-1
Frequency [GHz] 10.4 Axion Mass ma (eV)
Cu cavity Q (mode TM010) 76,000 7
Tcavity [mK] 100
Arxiv:2012.09498
Phys. Rev. D 99, 101101(R) (2019)
T amplifier [K] (JPA) 0.5
Created by Mohamed Mbarki from Noun Project
QUAX EXPERIMENT 2021-2025
8
QUAX 2021-2025
2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Assembly of haloscopes at LNL and LNF
Data Taking Scan in range 8.5 - 11 GHz
9
http://coldlab.lnf.infn.it
VNA 20 GHz
WFG 20GHz
SA 20 GHz
FET LNA 8-12 GHz and IQ-mixer (10-12 GHz)
HEMT (6-20 GHz) 4K amplifier
4 RF lines installed from 300 K to MixCh
Leiden CF-CS-110-1000
Room T ampli & DAQ
Sumitomo PT 1.5 W at 4.2 K
Cooldown time (with LN) 2 days
Base temperature (measured) 8.5 mK
Sample holder for SC chip at
Cooling power at 100 mK 450 µW (up to 700 µW with a 10
10 mK for single photon (measured) new pumping system)
deviceQUAX-LNF Haloscope
Tasks
Cavity design & Fabrication
Materials for resonant cavity
• Cu
• NbTi (LNL)
• Nb3Sn (SQMS, LNL)
• YBCO (Enea, Uni Roma Tre)
Frequency tuning
Feedline coupling
Signal Amplification
DART WARS
SIMP
Single Photon Detection
SIMP
SUPERGALAX
Digitization&Acquisition (1GHz)
Data analysisQUAX-LNF Resonant Cavity
1) HFSS simulation 2) Superconducting 3) Frequency tuning
single cavity coating
Length 30 cm NbTi
TM010 8.5 GHz Nb3Sn
YBCO
4) Multicavity fabrication
Di Gioacchino et al IEEE TRANS.
APP. SUPERCOND. 29, 5 (2019)
1213
Cancellation coil to host SC
Delivery Summer 2021
New radiation screens
9T SC Magnet (AMI)
40 cm height
10 cm bore
devices
•
•
•
•
•
•
CF-CS110
Dimensions exper
1011
164 315
67
164.6
FC
200
85
120.6
SEE DETAIL C
SCALE 0.120 MATERIAL: mbr.materiaal
COMMENT:
LEIDEN CRYOGENICS
THIS DRAWING BELONGS SURFACE TREATMENT:
TO LEIDEN CRYOGENICS
IT IS GIVEN WITH THE FILE LOCATION: d:\\ProE\ \CF-CS110X3-2PT-TOT-OPEN.
CONDITION THAT IT
09 SEP 2020 PROPRIETARY INFORMATION - DO NOT DISCLOSE WITHOUT AMI PERMISSION IS NOT COPIED, REPRINTED
M25192.DSN RELATED TO:
OR DISCLOSED EITHER
IN FULL OR IN PART TO
A THIRD PARTY WITHOUT
Z-Axis (cm)
THE WRITTEN CONSENTMENT
OF LEIDEN CRYOGENICS CF-CS110X3-2PT-TO
PART DESCRIPTION:
90 100 80 70 60 50 40 -100 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30
0
9T FIELD DIRECTION
QUAX-LNF Magnet
5
10
10000g 15
5000g 20
25
30
1000g 35
40
R-Axis (cm)
500g 45
400g
50
300g
55
200g
60
65
70
75
100g
80
85
90
95
50g
100
Theoretical Stray Field Map (M25192)
9.0T-100mm CC Bucking Coil
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION - DO NOT DISCLOSE WITHOUT AMI PERMISSIONSignal Amplification (DART WARS): TWJPA
Travelling Wave Josephson Parametric Amplifiers amplify
microwave signal over a broad range adding the minimum
noise set by quantum mechanics.
14
Detector Array Readout with Travelling Wave AmplifieRS Call GRV approved by INFNSignal Amplification: TWJPA
fpump=18 GHz
Pump On
Preliminary results
November 2020
Pump Off
15DATA Acquisition and Analysis
3. Downconversion Power spectrum
Noise Power=kBTDn 300 K LO
Dn=10 kHz P(w) 100 MHz
30 dB I-Q
10 GHz RF IF 1 GHz
2. Amplification 30 dB
4K Continous
readout 0 1 GHz
20 dB
TWJPA 4. Acquisition
100 kHz
1. Detection
5. Analysis
Storage 16
Signal Power 10-24 WSingle Microwave Photon Detection with JJ
SIMP Single Microwave Photon detection JJ switch induced by incoming photon
Incoming photon
Flux bias
EBL chip by CNR-IFN Simulation
17
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 1559 012020 DC SQUID
Journal of Low Temperature Physics https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-020-02381-xSingle Microwave Photon Detection with Qubits
Network of N interacting superconducting qubits
|CS> ΔωS
ωc Supercon-
|0> ω ducting
coplanar
wave guide
E resonator
Single microwave photon
with frequency ω Magnetic
field
arXiv:2005.09250
PHYS. REV. X 10, 021038 (2020)
arXiv:2008.12231QUAX-LNF Group
Quax LNF (CSN II) SIMP LNF (CSN V) DART WARS LNF
(Call CSN V)
Danilo Babusci
Danilo Babusci Daniele Di Gioacchino
Fabio Chiarello
Daniele Di Gioacchino Claudio Gatti
Daniele Di Gioacchino
Claudio Gatti (RL) Giovanni Maccarrone
Claudio Gatti (RN)
Luca Piersanti
Giovanni Maccarrone Giovanni Maccarrone
Carlo Ligi (RL)
Dario Moricciani Alessio Rettaroli
Alessio Rettaroli Guido Torrioli SUPERGALAX LNF
(H2020)
Simone Tocci Luca Piersanti
Daniele Di Gioacchino
David Alesini
David Alesini Claudio Gatti (RN)
Thanks also to the collaboration of: Matteo Beretta
Carlo Ligi S. Lauciani (mechanical design of resonant cavities)
Carlo Ligi
Carlo Ligi (RL)
P. Ciambrone (servizio elettronica DR)
P. Albicocco (DAQ) Bruno Buonomo
G. Papalino (electronics support)
Giulietto Felici
G. Pileggi (mechanical support)
19
G. Ceccarelli (mechanical support) Luca Foggetta
LNF mechanical workshop and services
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