PROGRAMME GUIDE Masters in Anthropology - Masters in Anthropology - IGNOU
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Masters in
Anthropology
PROGRAMME GUIDE
for
Masters in Anthropology
School of Social Sciences
Indira Gandhi National Open University
Maidan Garhi, New Delhi – 110 068Printed material is our backbone. Our study material is prepared by teams of experts
keeping in view the interest of the learner group. Each Course is developed by teachers
of the University with the help of eminent academics and professionals from distinguished
institutions. The course material is written in such a manner that the students can study
it by themselves with a little assistance from our Counsellors at the Study Centres.
Further, text books and reference books are available in the libraries attached to the
Study Centres and Regional Centres. Therefore, students will have no need for any
cheap or condensed guides for following courses of IGNOU. In fact these may harm
them. Hence, the University strongly advises the students not to take recourse to such
type of guides.
Important Information
“The University sends study materials to the students by registered post and if a student does not receive
the same for any reason whatsoever, the University shall not be held responsible for that.”
“In case you want to have access to IGNOU course materials in electronic form you may visit the website
– www.egyankosh.ac.in .”
“Assignments are uploaded online on the University’s website. Students are advised to download it from
the IGNOU website – www.ignou.ac.in.”
“The students are specifically instructed to submit the Examination Forms through online mode ONLY
and as suggested under Section 7.2. Students are also advised to submit the Registration/Re-registration
Forms through online mode ONLY and with late fee as per instructions given under Section 4. If any
student sends the Registration/Re-registration Forms, Examination Forms at wrong places and thereby
misses the scheduled date and consequently a semester/year, he/she will have no claim on the University
for regularization.”
Regional Centres and Study Centres
“A Complete list of Regional Centres of the University, their jurisdiction and Study Centres/Learner
Support Centres for M.A. Anthropology is given at our website. Please visit the website to check them
(www.ignou.ac.in).”
November, 2018 (Revised)
© Indira Gandhi National Open University, 2018
All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced in any form, by mimeography or any other means,
without permission in writing from the Indira Gandhi National Open University.
Further information on the Indira Gandhi National Open University courses may be obtained from the University’s
Office at Maidan Garhi, New Delhi-110 068 or visit our website: http://www.ignou.ac.in
Printed and published on behalf of the Indira Gandhi National Open University, New Delhi, by Director, School of
Social Sciences.
Laser Typeset by : Graphic Printers, Mayur Vihar, Phase I, Delhi - 110091
Printed at :CONTENTS
Page Nos.
1. The University 5
2. The School of Social Sciences 6
3. Masters in Anthropology Programme Structure 6
4. Scheme of Study 8
5. Fee Structure and Schedule of Payment 9
6. Instructional System 10
7. Evaluation 13
8. Other Useful Information 19
9. Details of Masters in Anthropology Courses 25
10. Some Forms for Your Use 39
3SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES
Prof. Swaraj Basu, Director
Programme Coordination Team
Dr. P. Venkatramana
pallaramana@gmail.com
(Programme Coordinator)
Course Coordinators
Prof. Rashmi Sinha
Dr. Mitoo Das
Assistant Professor
Dr. Rukshana Zaman
Assistant Professor
Dr. P. Venkatramana
Assistant Professor
Dr. K. Anil Kumar
Assistant Professor
Print Production
Mr. Manjit Singh1. THE UNIVERSITY
The Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) was established in 1985 through an Act
of Parliament to achieve the following objectives:
democratising higher education by taking it to the doorstep of the learners
providing access to quality education to all those who seek it irrespective of age, region,
religion and gender
offering need-based academic programmes by giving professional and vocational orientation
to the courses
promoting and developing distance education in India
setting and maintaining standards in distance education in the country as an apex body.
The University began by offering two academic programmes in 1987, viz., Diploma in Management
and Diploma in Distance education, with a strength of 4528 students. Today, it serves the educational
aspirations of over 2.6 million students in India and 36 other countries through a network of 21
schools of studies and a network of 61 Regional Centres, about 3000 learner support centres and
about 60 overseas centres. The University offers about 350 certificate, diploma, degree and
doctoral programmes, with strength of around 420 faculty members and academic staff at
headquarters and regional centres and about 36000 academic counselors from conventional
institutions of higher learning, professional organizations, and industry among others.
Prominent Features
IGNOU has certain unique features such as:
international jurisdiction
flexible admission rules
individualised study: flexibility in terms of place, pace and duration of study
use of latest information and communication technologies
nationwide student support services network
cost effective programmes
resource sharing, collaboration and networking with conventional universities, open universities
and other institutions/organisations
socially and academically relevant programmes based on students need analysis
convergence of open and conventional education systems
Important Achievements
Emergence of IGNOU as the largest Open University in the world
Recognition as Centre of Excellence in Distance Education by the Commonwealth of Learning
(1993)
Award of Excellence for distance education materials by Commonwealth of Learning (1999)
5 Launch of a series of 24-hour Educational TV Channels ‘Gyan Darshan’. IGNOU is the
nodal agency for these channels and regular transmissions are done from the studio at EMPC,
IGNOU
Launch of ‘EDUSAT’ videoconferencing channel
Launch of ‘Gyan Vani’ and other dedicated educational FM channels
2. THE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES
All academic programmes and courses are developed by the 21 Schools of Studies of the University.
School of Social Sciences is the biggest school in terms of the number of disciplines, courses
offered and faculty strength. The School enfolds eight disciplines, viz., Economics, History, Library
and Information Science, Political Science, Public Administration, Sociology, Psychology and
Anthropology. It offers a large number of academic, professional and socially relevant programmes
of study for award of Ph.D. Degrees, Master’s Degrees, Bachelor’s Degrees, Post-Graduate
Diplomas, Diplomas and Certificates.
Discipline of Anthropology for the first time offers Masters in Anthropology. The BDP programme
in Anthropology will be launched shortly. Later Certificate and Diploma course would be started
on contemporary issues with anthropological perspective.
3. MASTERS IN ANTHROPOLOGY PROGRAMME
STRUCTURE
The Masters in Anthropology programme offers an opportunity to learners for higher studies in
Anthropology. Anthropology is the study of human beings in time and space. Man has always been
curious about himself, a curiosity that began centuries ago and the purpose of Anthropology is to
better understand the modern man through knowledge of the past. The programme is based on
integrated approach to the subject incorporating insights from physical, social and archaeological
anthropology. The thrust is laid on an in-depth understanding involving holistic approach of
Anthropology using theoretical and practical techniques. Masters in Anthropology aims to develop
professional competence in the light of perceivable need for trained anthropologists in academic
and research institutes, NGOs, government organisations and applied sciences. It would also equip
the learners to employ anthropological insights to understand and relate contemporary bio-social
shifts.
Eligibility
In keeping with the policy of ‘openness’ and ‘flexibility’, admission to Masters in Anthropology is
open to those having a Bachelor’s degree from any recognised university in any discipline including
those who have not studied Anthropology at the graduate level. There is no entrance test for
seeking admission into the programme. There is no age bar for admission.
Keeping in view that Anthropology is a field science; the courses are designed such that there is
a practical component in it. This will enable in better understanding of the course material. In the
first year, the course on Anthropology and Methods of Research has a project which is basically
meant to implement the techniques you have learnt in approaching an anthropological issue. The
course on Physical Anthropology also has practicals based on theory you have studied. In the
6second year a compulsory course on Field work and Dissertation is included. It is expected that
you will first decide on the topic you want to work on (guidance will be given in the manual),
choose your field area that is where you would like to conduct your field work, collect data,
analyse, interpret and draw the conclusions. We are very sure that you will enjoy this course as
it gives freedom to your thought and work in your desired area. Another compulsory paper in the
second year Practicing Anthropology also has practical component. There are five electives offered
in the second year you can take any two of your choice.
Duration
The Masters in Anthropology programme can be completed in a minimum of two years and a
maximum of five years duration.
Medium of Instruction
The Masters in Anthropology programme is offered in English.
Credits
The University follows the credit system for most of its programmes including Masters in
Anthropology. Each credit in our system is equivalent to 30 hours of student study comprising all
learning activities (i.e., reading and comprehending print material, listening to audio-based materials,
watching video-based materials, attending counseling sessions, teleconference and writing assignment
responses). For obtaining Masters in Anthropology degree a student has to successfully complete
courses worth 64 credits.
Structure of the Programme
The Programme comprises 64 Credits covered through 8 Courses. A learner is required to complete
6 compulsory and 2 optional Courses. In the first year there are four compulsory courses of 8
credits each. In the second year a learner has to take two compulsory courses and two
optional courses of 8 credit each.
The details of the courses are given below.
Sl. Course Title of the course Component in the Credits Type of
Code course course
First Year Courses
1. MANI-001 Anthropology and Methods Theory & Practical 8 Compulsory
of Research
2. MANI-002 Physical Anthropology Theory & Practical 8 Compulsory
3. MAN-001 Social Anthropology Theory 8 Compulsory
4. MAN-002 Archaeological Theory 8 Compulsory
Anthropology
Second Year Courses
5. MANP-001 Field Work Dissertation Project 8 Compulsory
6. MANI-003 Practicing Anthropology Theory &Practical 8 Compulsory
7. MANE-001 Human Genetics Theory &Practical 8 Elective
8. MANE-002 Human Growth & Theory &Practical 8 Elective
Development
9. MANE-003 Comparative Ethnography Theory 8 Elective
10. MANE-004 Gender & Society Theory 8 Elective
11. MANE-005 Environmental Theory 8 Elective
Anthropology
7One compulsory course in the second year, viz., MANP 001 on Field Work and Dissertation
has no theory reading material and only involves field work and dissertation submission.
The details of which are given in the manual.
Course Preparation
Learning material is specially prepared by team of experts drawn from different universities and
institutions in the area throughout the country as well as by the in-house faculty. The outline of a
course is finalised by the Expert Committee while the print material is written by course writers.
Before final printing, the materials undergo several rounds of scrutiny by course coordinators and
editors.
Programme Delivery
The methodology of instruction in IGNOU is different from that of conventional universities. The
Open University system is more learner-oriented and the learner is an active participant in the
teaching and learning process. Most of the instructions are imparted through distance education
methodology and face-to-face mode as per requirement. The University follows a multi-media
approach for instruction comprising self-instructional print material, audio-visual material, counseling
sessions, teleconferences and assignments.
4. SCHEME OF STUDY
The university reserves the right to change the rules from time to time. However, latest rules will
be applicable to all the students irrespective of year of registration. The Programme is offered
twice a year, in January and July.
Dispatch of Study Material
For Masters in Anthropology Programme all the study material will be dispatched in one installment.
The dispatch of the study material will be made within 4 weeks of the last date of admission. Along
with the study material you will also receive Programme Guide and Assignments. If any thing is
missing please ask for it. If you do not get material in time or receive defective material write to
the ‘Regional Director’ of your Regional Centre.
Decide Your Time Schedule
The University offers flexibility and openness in the courses and duration for the completion of
programmes. You should take full advantage of this flexibility. As indicated earlier you can finish
this programme in two years if you clear 64 credits. If you are not able to complete it within this
period you can take a maximum of four years to complete it. It would be better if you plan it in
a systematic way. For two years you will receive study materials and assignments according to
scheme of study but it is up to you to decide which courses you will complete in a particular year.
Completion of a course would involve studying the course, completing the assignments and appearing
in TEE.
You will have to devote approximately 240 hours of study to complete a eight-credit course. For
the four courses of 8 credits each in the first year you need to put in about 960 study hours. You
have to adjust your reading schedule keeping this workload in view. For example, if you could
8study for 300 days in a year, you need to put in on an average of little more than 3 hours per
day. It is helpful to study consistently throughout the year rather than two or three months before
the examinations.
If you are busy elsewhere and not able to fully devote yourself to the programme you should fix
your targets every year. If you feel that instead of 32 credits you would do only 24 or 16 credits,
plan it from the beginning of the year, study only those courses do the assignments for the same
and appear for TEE. Carry over the rest to next year. Again next year, decide your goals for that
year. Whenever you decide to do the previous year’s course ask for fresh assignments in the
beginning of the year, submit them according to the schedule and appear in the TEE. Through a
proper planning you can finish this programme according to your convenience.
5. FEE STRUCTURE AND SCHEDULE OF PAYMENT
The programme fee is Rs.16,800/- to be paid in two instalments. The fee for the first year (Rs.
8600/-) should be paid along with the filled in application form for admission. In the 2nd year the
fee (Rs. 8400/-) is to be paid as per schedule without waiting for any communication from the
University.
Year Amount When and How to Pay Where to Submit
1st Rs. 8600/- Along with the admission form Admission and Re-registration
forms along with the draft are
2nd Rs. 8400/- July admission cycle – 1st February to to be submitted online at
31st March www.ignou.ac.in
January admission cycle – 1st August
to 30th September
The University can revise the programme fee. The revised fee shall be payable by you as per
schedule of payment notified by the university.
The programme fee should be paid by means of debit card/credit card online by logging onto
www.ignou.ac.in.
Timely payment of programme fees is the responsibility of the student. Students are expected to
remit fee as early as possible without waiting for the last date.
Re-Registration for the Second year
After the 1st year, whether you pass/attempt the first year examination or not, you can seek
admission for the 2nd year by submitting the Re-registration Form for MAAN along with
requisite programme fee online at our website www.ignou.ac.in. Programme fee may be paid
through debit card/credit card.
9July Session January Sessin Late Fee (Rs.)
1st February to 31st March 1st August to 30th September Nil
1st April to 30th April 1st October to 31st October 200
1st May to 31st May 1st November to 30th November 500
1st June to 20th June 1st December to 20th December 1000
Even if a student does not receive any communication from the University for re-registration in the
Second year, s/he is advised to make use of the Re-registration form given at the end of the
Programme Guide to seek re-registration. If any student sends the admission form / re-registration
form at wrong places and thereby misses the scheduled date and consequently a year, s/he will
have no claim on the University for regularisation.
6. INSTRUCTIONAL SYSTEM
The methodology of instruction in this University is different from that in the conventional universities.
The Open University System is more learner-oriented in which the student is an active participant
in the teaching-learning process. Most of the instruction is imparted through distance rather than
face-to-face communication.
The University follows a multi-media approach for instruction. It comprises,
self-instructional print material
audio and video cassettes
audio-video programmes transmitted through Television and Radio
teleconferencing session
face-to-face counselling at Study Centres by Academic Counsellors
assignments
6.1 Print Material
Print material is the primary form of instructions. You should concentrate mainly on the printed
materials that we send you periodically. The printed material would be sufficient to write assignment
responses and prepare for the TEE.
How to use Print Material
The print material prepared by the University is self-instructional in nature. Each course has been
divided into a number of Blocks, generally 7-8 Blocks for an 8 credit course. Each Block consists
of a number of Units. Normally, all the Units covered in one Block have a thematic unity. The first
page of each Block indicates the contents of each Block, i.e., the number and titles of the Units
covered in that Block. This is followed by a brief introduction to the Block. The Block introduction
explains the coverage of the Block as a whole as well as the coverage of each Unit in that Block.
All the blocks of every course have a blcok introduction, which would give you an idea about the
main thrust and contents of that block.
10Each Unit is structured in a way that facilitates self-study for you. Each Unit begins with Learning
objectives which will provide you an idea on what you are expected to learn from the Unit. The
Introduction provides an overview of the major theme of the unit. An attempt is made to forge
a link with the topics of the previous Units and the topic to be covered in the present Unit. This
is followed by the main text, which is divided, into various sections and sub-sections.
The section Summary gives a brief account of what has been discussed in the whole Unit. This
summary enables you to recall the main points covered in the Unit. To facilitate comprehension,
important words/terms covered in some of the Unit are explained in the section Glossary. Some
books for additional reading are suggested in the section Suggested Reading. Some of these
books would be available in the Study Centre. The Sample Questions given in the end of a
section are intended to give you an idea about the nature of questions that may be asked in the
TEE. Questions in Sample Questions are for your practice only, and you should not
submit answers to these questions to the University for assessment.
Read the Units carefully and note down the important points. You can use the space in the margin
of the printed pages for making notes and writing your comments. While reading the Units you may
mark the difficult words and look for the meaning of such words in the dictionary. If you still do
not understand something, consult your counsellor during the face-to-face sessions at the Study
Centre for clarification.
6.2 Counselling
In distance education, face-to-face contact between the learners and their tutors/counsellors is an
important activity. The purpose of such an interaction is to answer some of your questions and
clarify your doubts, which may not be possible through any other means of communication. It is
also intended to provide you an opportunity to meet fellow students. There are experienced
academic counsellors at the Study Centres to provide counselling and guidance to you in the
courses that you have chosen for study. The counselling sessions for each of the courses will be
held at suitable intervals throughout the academic session. Attendance in the counselling sessions
is not compulsory. However, they may be useful in certain respects such as: to share your views
on the subject with teachers and fellow students, comprehend some of the complex ideas or
difficult issues, and get clarifications for many doubts which you would not otherwise try to raise.
Face-to-face counselling will be provided at the Study Centre assigned to you. You should note
that the counselling sessions will be very different from the usual classroom teaching or lectures.
Counsellors will not be delivering lectures or speeches. They will try to help you to overcome
difficulties, which you face while studying for this programme. In these sessions you must look into
the subject-based difficulties and any other issues arising out of such difficulties. Besides, some of
the audio and videocassettes that are available at that time will be played in the counselling
sessions. For a 8-credit course there will be counselling of 24 hours duration. In case there are
less than 10 students in a Study Centre, then intensive counseling sessions will be held which
essentially means that 40 per cent of the prescribed counseling sessions are to be conducted within
a week’s time.
Before you go to attend the counselling sessions, please go through your course material
and note down the points to be discussed. Unless you have gone through the Units, there may
11not be much to discuss. Try to concentrate on relevant and important issues. Try also to understand
each other’s points of view. You may also establish personal contact with your fellow participants
to get mutual help for academic purposes. Try to get the maximum possible help from your
counsellors.
6.3 Study Centre
To provide effective student support, we have set up a number of Study Centres all over the
country. You will be allotted one of these Study Centres taking into consideration your place of
residence or work. However, each Study Centre can handle only a limited number of students and
despite our best efforts, it may not always be possible to allot the Study Centre of your choice.
The particulars regarding the Study Centre to which you are assigned will be communicated to
you.
Depending upon low enrolment in a Study Centre, or due to other operational reasons, the
University may de-activate a Study Centre and the students of the de-activated Study Centre will
be attached to another Centre. The concerned Regional Centre will inform the concerned students
about the change after admissions are finalized.
A Study Centre will have six major functions:
1) Counselling: Face-to-face counselling for the courses will be provided at the Study Centres.
The detailed programme of the counselling sessions will be sent to you by the Coordinator
of your Study Centre.
2) Evaluation of Assignments: Tutor marked assignments (TMAs) will be evaluated by the
Academic Counsellors appointed for different courses at the Study Centre. These assignments
will be returned to you with tutor comments and marks obtained. These comments will help
you in your studies.
3) Library: For each course some of the books suggested under ‘Suggested Reading’ will be
available in the Study Centre Library.
4) Information and Advice: At the Study Centre you get relevant information regarding the
courses offered by the University, counselling schedules, examination schedule, etc. You will
also get guidance in choosing your optional courses.
5) Audio-Video Facilities: The Centres are equipped with audio-video facilities to help you
make use of the audio and videocassettes prepared for different courses. Media notes of
these audio-video programmes will also be available at the Study Centre. This will help you
to know the contents of each programme.
6) Interaction with Fellow-Students: In the Study Centre you get an opportunity to interact
with fellow students.
Please bring all your Units and your folder of corrected assignments with you when you come to
the counselling session.
127. EVALUATION
The evaluation consists of two parts in theory courses: i) continuous evaluation through assignments,
and ii) Term End Examination (TEE). In the final result, all the assignments of a course carry 30
per cent weightage while 70 per cent weightage is given for TEE. For the course MANI-001: the
component on Project Report, which requires submission of a project report, there is no
continuous evaluation and TEE. Evaluation of this component is on the basis of project
report submitted. For the course MANP-001: Field work and dissertation, in the second
year which requires submission of a dissertation, there is no continuous evaluation and TEE.
Evaluation for MANP-001 is on the basis of dissertation and viva-voce examination on the
project report submitted.
Evaluation in Masters in Anthropology will be done under numerical marking scheme. The following
is the scheme of awarding divisions:
I Division - 60 per cent and above
II Division - 50 per cent to 59.9 per cent
Pass - 40 per cent to 49.9 per cent
Unsuccessful - Below 40 per cent
In order to complete a course successfully you are required to score at least 40 per cent marks
in continuous evaluation (assignments) and at least 40 per cent in TEE. Overall score in a course
is the total of the scores in assignment and TEE. The division with which you pass the Masters
in Anthropology programme is decided on the basis of combined percentage of marks obtained
in all the courses.
Students can take TEE for first year courses after completion of study of one year for the
concerned courses. For example, students enrolled in July 2011 can take their TEE for first year
courses in June 2012 or thereafter. Similarly, TEE for second year courses can be taken only after
completion of one year of study in the second year. In case a student fails to qualify in a course
s/he is allowed to take that course in any of the subsequent TEEs. Students have to successfully
complete all the courses within 5 years of registration.
7.1 Assignments
The assignments can be obtained from our website www.ignou.ac.in. Assignments constitute the
continuous evaluation. Submission of assignments is compulsory. The marks that you get in your
assignments will be counted in your final result. As assignments carry 30 per cent weightage in your
final score in the course you are advised to take your assignments seriously. A simple omission on
your part may cause loss to you and inconvenience at all levels in the University.
The main purpose of assignments is to test your comprehension of the learning materials you
receive from us and also to help you get through the courses. The evaluators / counsellors will send
back the evaluated assignments with their comments. Do not forget to get back your evaluated
TMAs along with a copy of the assessment sheet containing comments of the evaluator on your
performance. The comments will surely guide you in your study and help in improving your
comprehension.
13The print materials should be sufficient for answering the assignments. At postgraduate level it is
expected that you will consult other prescribed books also. You need not however worry too much
about the non-availability of extra reading materials for working on the assignments. The assignments
are designed in such a way as to help you concentrate mainly on the printed course materials and
to improve your analytical capabilities.
There is one TMA for each course. You have to submit the completed assignments before the
deadline specified in the assignments booklet to the Coordinator of your Study Centre. You will
not be allowed to appear for the TEE for a course if you do not submit the specified number of
assignments in time for that course. If you appear in TEE without submitting the assignments, the
result of TEE would be liable to be cancelled.
The University/Coordinator of the Study Centre has the right not to entertain or reject the assignments
submitted after the due date. You are, therefore, advised to submit the assignments before the due
date.
For your own record, retain a copy of all the assignment responses which you submit to the
Coordinator. Also maintain an account of the evaluated assignment responses. This will help you
to represent your case to the University in case any problem arises.
If you do not get pass grade (40 per cent) in the assignment of any course, you have to submit
a fresh assignment (meant for the next academic session) for that course. You cannot re-submit
the answers to the old assignment. To get fresh assignments you may download the
assignments from IGNOU website www.ignou.ac.in. Once you get the pass grade in an
assignment, you cannot re-submit it for improvement of grade. Assignments are not subject to re-
evaluation except for factual errors, if any, committed by the evaluator. The discrepancy noticed
by you in the evaluated assignments should be brought to the notice of the Coordinator of the
Study Centre, so that the correct score is forwarded by him/her to the Student Evaluation Division
(SED) at Headquarters. Score communicated by the Study Centre through any mode other than
the award list will not be acceptable to the University for maintenance of student records.
Do not enclose any other request or complaint along with the assignment responses. Send
your requests/complaints separately to concerned Divisions/School.
1) Write your Enrolment Number, Name, Full Address, Signature and Date on the top right hand
corner of the first page of your response sheet.
2) Write the Programme Title, Course Code, Course Title, Assignment Code and Name of your
Study Centre on the left hand corner of the first page of your response sheet.
Course Code and Assignment Code may be reproduced from the assignment booklet.
14The top of the first page of your response sheet should look like this:
ENROLMENT NO: ———————————
PROGRAMME TITLE: —————— NAME: ————————————————
COURSE CODE: ————————— ADDRESS:———————————————
COURSE TITLE: ————————— ————————————————————
ASSIGNMENT CODE: —————— SIGNATURE: —————————————
STUDY CENTRE: ———————— DATE: —————————————————
3) Read the assignments and carefully follow the specific instructions given on the assignment
itself about the subject matter or its presentation.
4) Go through the Units on which assignments are based. Make some points regarding the
question and then rearrange those points in a logical order and draw up a rough outline of
your answer. While answering an essay type question give adequate attention to introduction
and conclusion. The introduction must offer your brief interpretation of the question and how
you propose to develop it. The conclusion must summarize your response to the question.
Make sure that the answer is logical and coherent, and has clear connections between
sentences and paragraphs. The answer should be relevant to the question given in the assignment.
Make sure that you have attempted all the main points of the question. Once you are satisfied
with your answer, write down the final version neatly and underline the points you wish to
emphasise.
5) Use only foolscap size paper for your response and tie all the pages carefully. Avoid using
very thin paper. Allow approximately 4 cm margin on the left and at least 4 lines in between
each answer. This may facilitate the evaluator to write useful comments in the margin at
appropriate places.
6) Write the responses in your own handwriting and in your own words. Do not print or type
the answers. Do not copy your answers from the Units/Blocks sent to you by the University
or any other book. If you copy, you will not be awarded any marks.
7) Do not copy from the response sheets of other students. If copying is noticed, the assignments
of such students will be rejected.
8) Write each assignment separately. All the assignments should not be written in continuity.
9) Write the question number with each answer.
10) The completed assignment should be sent to the Coordinator of the Study Centre allotted to
you. Under any circumstances do not send the TMA response sheets to the Student Registration
and Evaluation Division at Head Quarters for evaluation.
11) After submitting the assignment at the Study Centre get the acknowledgement from the
Coordinator on the prescribed assignment remittance-cum-acknowledgement card.
12) In case you have requested for a change of Study Centre, you should submit your TMAs only
to the original Study Centre until the change of Study Centre is notified by the University.
1513) If you find that there is any factual error in evaluation of your assignments, e.g., any portion
of assignment response has not been evaluated or total of score recorded on assignment
response is incorrect you should approach the Coordinator of your Study Centre for correction
and transmission of correct score to headquarters.
7.2 Term-end Examinations
As stated earlier, term-end examination is the major component of the evaluation system and it carries
70% weightage in the final result. You must fill and send your term-end examination form before the last
dates i.e. 31st March for June exam and 30th September for December exam. Please note list of
examination centres is available online at the time of filling up the Examination Form.
The University conducts term-end examination twice a year in June and December. You can
take the examination only after completion of the course. In the 1st year July cycle students
can take the examination in next June only and January cycle student can take their first
examination in December only, failing which you can take the same in December or June of
subsequent years within the total span of the programme i.e. five years. In the case of 2nd year
courses, you can take the examinations of the courses again in June next year. These conditions
are for the year of enrolment. Whenever you are repeating examination you can appear either
in June or December. You must note that no student would be eligible to complete the programme
before 2 years of study.
In case you fail to get a pass score (40% marks) in the term-end examination, you will be eligible to
reappear at the next term-end examination for that course as and when it is held, within the total span of
the programme.
Eligibility for Examination
To be eligible to appear at the term-end examination in any course, you are required to fulfil the following
four conditions.
1) You should have paid the registration fee for that year.
2) You should have opted for and persued the prescribed course.
3) You should have submitted assignments for the respective course.
4) You should submit the examination form in time through online mode only.
Examination Date Sheet
Examination date sheets (Schedule which indicates the date and time of examination for each course) are
notified through IGNOU website– www.ignou.ac.in from time to time. Thus, normally, the date sheet for
June examination is available in April and for December examination in the month of September. You are
advised to see whether there is any clash in the examination dates of the courses you wish to take i.e.
examination of any two courses you wish to take are scheduled on the same day at the same time. If
there is any clash, you are advised to choose one of them in that examination and the other course in the
next examination (i.e., June or December as the case may be).
16Online Submission of Examination Form
It is an essential pre-requisite for you to submit the Examination Form for taking examination in any
course. Examination Form is available online at IGNOU website. Only one form is to be submitted for
all the courses in one term-end examination. You need to pay separate fee for the examinations.
A fee of `120/- per course is charged as examination fee. If result of the previous examination is not
declared the fee for that course can be exempted while filling the form for the next exam. The detailed
guidelines are available at ignou website www.ignou.ac.in. There is a separate late fee if forms are
submitted after due date.
Keeping the interest of the students, University has approved the acceptance of the examination forms
from the students through online mode only. The details are given below.
Description June TEE December TEE Online submission
Without late fee Upto 30th April Upto 31st October Online submission
For Latest information see
website: www.ignou.ac.in
Late fee of 1sr May to 10th May 1sr November to Online submission
Rs. 1000/- 10th November
For updates and recent notifications kindly visit University’s website: www.ignou.ac.in
The examination forms with the requisite late fee shall be submitted by the students from
1st May to 10th May for June TEE and 1st November to 10th November for December Term End
Examination (TEE) through online mode only. The examination fee should be paid by students through
Debit/Credit Card only.
Only one form is to be submitted for all the courses a student plans to take in a TEE. To avoid
discrepancies in filling up examination forms/hardship in appearing in the TEE students are advised
to:
1) remain in touch with their Study Centre/ Regional Centre/ SRE Division for change in schedule
of submission of examination form
2) fill up examination form for next TEE without waiting for the result of the previous TEE and
also filling up for courses, for which results is awaited
3) fill up all the particulars carefully and properly in the examination form to avoid rejection /
delay in processing of the form
4) retain proof of mailing/submission of examination form till Hall Ticket is received
Examination Forms received after due dates or without late fee, wherever applicable, shall be
rejected.
Issue of Examination Hall Ticket
The University issues Hall Ticket to the students at least two weeks before the commencement of
17the TEE. Hall Ticket can also be downloaded from the University website: www.ignou.ac.in. In
case a student fails to receive Examination Hall Ticket one week before the commencement of
examination s/he can download it from the website and approach the Examination Centre for
appearing in the examination.
Every student must bring his/her identity card for appearing in the TEE along with the
Hall Ticket. Students will be allowed to appear in TEE for those courses only for which
registration is valid and prescribed minimum duration of study is completed.
Declaration of Result
It is your duty to check whether you are registered for a course and whether you are eligible to
appear for that examination. If you neglect this and take the examination without being eligible for
it, your result will be cancelled.
All efforts are made to declare the results well before the deadline for submission of Examination
Form for the next TEE. In case result for a course is not declared you should fill the Examination
Form for that course.
Early Declaration of Result
In order to facilitate the students who have got admission offer for higher studies or got selected
for employment, etc. and are required to produce statement of marks/grade cards by a specified
date, may apply for early processing of their answer scripts and declaration of result. Such
students are required to apply in prescribed form given in the Programme Guide along with i) fee
of Rs. 1000/- per course through demand draft drawn in favour of IGNOU and payable at New
Delhi, and ii) attested photocopy of the admission/employment offer. They can submit their request
for early declaration of result before the commencement of TEE, that is, before June 1st or
December 1st for June and December TEE respectively. The University in such cases will make
arrangement for early processing of answer scripts and declare result as a special case possibly
within a month’s time from the conduct of examination.
Re-Evaluation of Examination Scripts
Students who are not satisfied with the marks/grade awarded to them in TEE may apply in
prescribed form for re-evaluation before 31st March for the result of December TEE and 30th
September for result of June TEE or within one month from the date of declaration of results, i.e.,
the date on which results are made available on the University website on payment of Rs. 750/-
per course through demand draft drawn in favour of IGNOU and payable at New Delhi. The
better of the two scores of original marks/grade and marks/grade after re-evaluation will be
considered and updated in student’s record.
Re-evaluation is permissible in TEE only and not in practical, project report, workshop, assignment,
seminar, etc. A sample application form with rules and regulations for this purpose is enclosed in
the Programme Guide and also made available at the University’s website www.ignou.ac.in.
Improvement in Divison/Class
Students of Bachelor/Master degree programme who have completed the programme and wish to
improve their Division / Class may do so by appearing in TEE. The eligibility is as under:
18a) Students of Bachelor / Master degree programme, who fall short of less than 2% marks to
secure 2nd and 1st division
b) The students of Master degree programmes only who fall short of less than 2% marks to
secure overall 55% marks.
Students may apply in the prescribed form from 1st to 30th April for June TEE and from 1st to 31st
October for December TEE along with fee @Rs. 750/- per course by means of demand draft
drawn in favour of IGNOU and payable at New Delhi.
Improvement is permissible in TEE only and not in Practicals /Lab courses, Project, Workshop,
Assignment, Seminar, etc.
Students wishing to improve their marks will have to apply within six month from the date of issue
of final statement of marks/grade card to them, subject to the condition that their registration for
the programme/course being applied for improvement, is valid till the next TEE in which they wish
to appear for improvement. Rules and regulations in detail for this purpose are available at the
University’s website www.ignou.ac.in.
Educational Qualifications Awarded by Private Institutions
Any educational qualification awarded by the Private Universities established under the provisions
of the ‘Chhatisgarh Niji Kshetra Vishwavidyalaya (Sthapane Aur Viniyaman) Adhiniyam 2002’
are non-existent and cannot be made the basis of admission to higher studies with IGNOU.
Study Centre is the contact point for you. The University cannot send all the communication to
all the students individually. All the important communications are sent to the Coordinators of the
Study Centres and Regional Directors. The Coordinators would display a copy of such important
circular/notification on the notice board of the Study Centre for the benefit of all the Students. You
are, therefore, advised to get in touch with your Study Centre for day-to-day information about
assignments, submission of examination forms, TEE date-sheet, declaration of result, etc. Many of
the information are also placed on the IGNOU website. You may visit the IGNOU website from
time to time.
While communicating with the University, please clearly write your enrolment number and complete
address. In the absence of such details, we will not be able to attend to your problems.
8. OTHER USEFUL INFORMATION
IGNOU Website
IGNOU website www.ignou.ac.in contains a lot of useful information which are updated from time
to time. There is a separate section called Student Zone where you can find assignments, past
year question papers, and other useful information. You should visit the website periodically.
Scholarships and Reimbursement of Fees
Reserved categories, viz., Schedule Caste (SC)/ Schedule Tribe (ST) and physically handicapped
students, have to pay the fees at the time of admission to the University along with other students.
Physically Handicapped students admitted to IGNOU are eligible for Government of India
19scholarships. They are advised to collect the scholarship forms from the Directorate of Social
Welfare or Office of the Social Welfare Officer of the concerned State Government and submit
the filled-in forms to them through the concerned Regional Director of IGNOU.
Similarly for reimbursement of programme fees SC/ST students have to submit their forms to the
Directorate of the Social Welfare or Office of the Social Welfare Officer of the respective State
Government through the concerned Regional Director of IGNOU.
Change of Courses, Programme and Medium of Instruction
Change of optional courses is permitted within 30 days of receipt of course material on payment
of Rs. 1200/- for 6-8 credit courses and Rs. 600/- for 4 credit courses.
Change of Programme is possible only in the first year of study. You have to apply for change
within one month of the receipt of the study material. The student has to pay the full fee for the
new programme. The fee paid for admission into the earlier programme shall be forfeited.
Change of Medium (from English to Hindi or vice versa) is permitted within 30 days of receipt
of first set of course material in the first year on payment of Rs 350/- plus Rs. 600/- for each
2/4 credit course or Rs. 1200/- for each 6-8 credit course, as the case may be.
For change of course/programme/medium you should send your request in the prescribed form
(given in this programme guide) to the concerned Regional Director along with the demand draft
towards requisite fee. For change of optional course/ medium of instruction you are required to
return the study material already received by you to the Regional Director of your Regional Centre
by registered post or in person. In the case of change of programme since the fee is forfeited you
are not required to return the study material.
Change or Correction of Address
You can request for change/correction of address by applying in the prescribed form (copy given
at the end of this Programme Guide). The form can also be downloaded from IGNOU website.
You are required to send the filled in form to the Regional Director of your region, who will
forward it to the Registrar, Student Registration Division (SRD) after verification of your signature.
Request for change of address received through e-mail will not be entertained.
You are advised not to write letters to any other official in the University in this regard. Normally,
it takes four to six weeks to effect the change. Therefore, you are advised to make your own
arrangements to redirect the mail to the changed address during this period.
Change of Study Centre
If you desire to change your Study Centre you are required to fill in the proforma meant for change
of Study Centre and send it to your Regional Centre. The Regional Director will forward it to the
SRD after verifying your signature. You are required to opt only for such Study Centres which are
activated for the programme (list of activated Study Centres is available at IGNOU website and
at your Regional Centre). As far as possible, the University will allot the Study Centre opted by
the candidate. However, the University may change the Study Centre at its convenience without
concurrence of the student at any time.
20Counselling facilities for a programme may not be available at all the Centres. As such you are
advised to make sure that counselling facilities are available for the programme you have chosen
at the new Study Centre opted for. As far as possible the request for change of Study Centre is
considered favorably. However, the allotment of new Study Centre is subject to availability of
seats for the programme at the new Centre asked for.
Change of Region
When you want a transfer from one Region to another, you have to write to that effect to the
Regional Centre from where you seek a transfer marking copies to the Regional Centre where you
would like to be transferred to and also to Registrar (SRD), New Delhi. Further, you have to
obtain a certificate from the Coordinator of the Study Centre from where you are seeking transfer
regarding the number of assignments submitted. The Regional Director from where you are seeking
the transfer will transfer all records to the Regional Centre where you seek transfer. The Regional
Director will intimate you and the Registrar (SRD). The records are normally sent by Registered
Post to guard against loss in the postal transit.
Issue of Transcripts
The university provides the facility of official transcripts on requests made by the students on plain
paper addressed to Registrar, SED, IGNOU, Maidan Garhi, New Delhi -68. A fee of Rs. 200/-
per transcript is required to be paid through demand draft in favour of IGNOU payable at New
Delhi. Students are required to pay Rs. 200/- extra in the case of request for sending transcript
outside the country.
Issue of Duplicate Grade Card
Duplicate Grade Card is issued after a request is made on the prescribed form along with a bank
draft of Rs. 200/- in favour of IGNOU payable at New Delhi. The form for the purpose is given
in this Programme Guide.
Re-admission
The students who are not able to clear their programme within the maximum duration can take re-
admission for additional time in continuation of their earlier duration in selected programmes as
under:
Type of Programme Minimum Duration of Programme Additional Time Offered
Type of Programme Minimum Duration of Additional Time Offered
Programme
Certificates 6 months 6 months
Diplomas 1 year 1 year
Bachelor’s Degree 3 years 2 years
Master Degree 2 years 3 years
The student has to make payment per course on pro-rata basis. The details of pro-rata fee and
Re-admission Form are available at the Regional Centres. Further, details on re-admission are
provided at IGNOU website.
21Students who failed to pay the prescribed programme fee during maximum duration of the
programme will have to pay full fee for the missed years in addition to pro-rata course fee for re-
admission.
Simultaneous Registration
Students who are already enrolled in a programme of one year or longer duration can also
simultaneously register themselves for any certificate programme of 6 months duration. However,
if there is any clash of dates of counselling or examination schedule between two programmes
taken, University will not be in a position to make any adjustment.
Migration Certificate
For Migration Certificate, requisition may be sent to the Regional Director along with the following
documents:
1) Application (can be obtained from the SRD, New Delhi or photocopy of the one given in the
Programme Guide can be used.)
2) Attested copy of the mark sheet.
3) Fee of Rs.500/- in the form of demand draft drawn in favour of IGNOU payable at the city
where Regional Centre is located.
Samples of various forms currently used in the University are provided in this Programme Guide.
Whenever you need any of these (except for the Examination form which is to be procured from
the Study Centre/ Regional Centre) please take a photocopy, fill it and send it to us.
CREDIT TRANSFER
Definitions
“Credit transfer” means allowing a student of another university to get admitted to IGNOU for
completing any equivalent degree/diploma programme on the basis of credits obtained by him/her
from that University. A student thus admitted need to write IGNOU examinations for such courses
which are found equivalent to and for which appropriate credits would be deemed to have been
acquired for and purposes for fulfilling the IGNOU requirements for award of a degree/diploma.
Eligibility
The credit transfer scheme is applicable only to those candidates who have not completed their
degree from any other recognized university yet willing to complete through IGNOU as per rules
provided.
Modalities
1) Normally credit transfer will be applicable only from a diploma, bachelor’s degree, master’s
degree to an equivalent diploma, bachelor’s degree and a Postgraduate degree.
2) Credit transfer will be permissible only in the case of students coming from institutions established
by an Act of Parliament or by an Act of State Legislature; or an institution “deemed to be
22university” or an “institution of national importance” or institutions recognized by statutory
bodies like AICTE, ICMR, ICAR, CSIR, etc.
3) Credit transfer can be done only on the basis of individual courses and not on the basis of
year to year courses as in conventional institutions.
4) In order to get a diploma/degree from IGNOU a student will be required to earn at least 50
per cent credit from IGNOU. For example, an M.A. student should earn at least 32 credits
from IGNOU for an IGNOU degree.
5) The degree, certificate or the marks list thus given to the students will specifically indicate the
credits earned in IGNOU and those obtained from other institution.
Rules and Regulations for Credit Transfer
1) Student who wants to avail credit transfer shall get registered with IGNOU for the programmes
they want to study. All the applications for credit transfer should invariably be addressed to
Deputy Registrar, SRD, IGNOU, Maidan Garhi, New Delhi-110068.
2) The students have the choice to opt the electives of Second year in the First year of their
study.
3) The students by opting the courses in such a way to complete the balance credits can reduce
the period of study prescribed for the completion of the degree programme and thereby avail
no payment of fees to the period not covered. The student availing credit transfer would be
allowed to complete the programme early provided they do not offer more than 32 credits
in a year.
4) IGNOU “programmes” and “courses” means “subjects” or “papers” respectively of
conventional universities.
5) Students seeking credit transfer should apply directly to the Dy. Registrar (SRD) IGNOU,
Maidan Garhi, New Delhi – 110068 enclosing a Demand Draft for Rs. 500/- per course
drawn in favour of IGNOU and payable at New Delhi, attested copies of Marks sheet and
attested copies of syllabus of such courses, covered by them. Such cases will be examined
separately by the Equivalence committee at the Headquarters of the University. This process
will take a minimum period of three months from the date of receipt of such requests
with all the relevant documents by the above concerned officer.
Refund of Fees
Fee once paid will not be refunded under any circumstance. It is also not adjustable against any
other programme of the University. In cases where the University denies admission, however,
programme fee will be refunded through A/c payee cheques only after deduction of registration fee.
Disputes on Admission and other University Matters
The place of jurisdiction for filing of a Suit if necessary will be only at New Delhi / Delhi.
23Foreign Students
Foreign nationals residing in India are eligible to seek admission in IGNOU programmes provided
they have valid student visa for the minimum duration of the programme. Such students are
required to remit the fee at par with foreign students (fee structure for foreign students can be
downloaded from IGNOU website). Admission of foreign students residing in India will be processed
by the International Division of IGNOU after ensuring their antecedents from the Ministry of
External Affairs/ Ministry of Human Resource Development. Programmes with limited number of
seats are not offered for foreign students.
Recognition
IGNOU Degrees/Diplomas/Certificates are recognized by all member universities of the Association
of Indian Universities (AIU) and are at par with Degrees/Diplomas/Certificates of all Indian
Universities/Institutions, as per UGC Circular letter no. F.1-52/2000(CPP-II) dated May 5, 2004;
AIU Circular no. EV/11(449/94/176915-177115) dated January 14, 1994 and AICTE Circular
no. AICTE/Academic/MOU-DEC/2005 dated May 13, 2005.
How to Approach the University
During the course of your study you might require some additional information about rules and
regulations. You must know whom to contact for specific information. We are providing information
about these matters under the heading Whom to Contact for What.
The information about the suitable forms for specific purpose is also provided in Section 10 of this
Programme Guide. Whenever you need, take a copy of the relevant form (except for the TEE
form, which you have to procure in original) and send as per instructions given in the form.
SOME USEFUL ADDRESSES
1) Examinations, examination centres, Registrar (Student Evaluation Division)
results, and other exam related matters. IGNOU, Maidan Garhi, New Delhi-110 068
2) Non-receipt of study material, Registrar, MPDD, IGNOU, New Delhi
3) Change of course/programme, Regional Director of your
admissions, fees, scholarships and respective region.
Change of Address
4) Counselling and other problems relating Assistant Director (Student Affairs), Regional
to Study Centres Services Division, IGNOU, Maidan Garhi,
New Delhi – 110 068
5) Purchasing of Audio/Video Tapes Marketing Unit, EMPC, IGNOU,
Maidan Garhi, New Delhi-110 068
6) Academic Matters Programme Coordinator, Masters in
Anthropology, School of Social Sciences,
Block-F, IGNOU, Maidan Garhi,
New Delhi-110068
programmecoordinatiorhistory@gmail.com
7) Grievances igram.ignou.ac.in
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