Portland Citywide Design Guidelines - ADOPTED BY THE PORTLAND CITY COUNCIL JUNE 2021 ORDINANCE 190477
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Portland City Council Ted Wheeler, Mayor Jo Ann Hardesty Mingus Mapps Carmen Rubio Dan Ryan Design Commission Julie Livingston, Chair Jessica Molinar, Vice Chair Brian McCarter Chandra Robinson Sam Rodriguez Zari Santner Don Vallaster Planning and Sustainability Commission Eli Spevak, Chair Katherine Schultz, Vice Chair Jeff Bachrach Ben Bortolazzo Mike Houck Katie Larsell Oriana Magnera Daisy Quiñonez Steph Routh Chris Smith The Portland Citywide Design Guidelines were approved by the Portland City Council on June 30, 2021. They became effective on August 1, 2021. Information on amendments is located in the Appendix. 2 PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Bureau of Planning and Sustainab ility Consultant Team Carmen Rubio, Commissioner in Charge David Hyman, DECA Architecture Andrea Durbin, Director Shem Harding, DECA Architecture Joe Zehnder, Chief Planner Kate Howe, VIA David Horsely, DAO Architecture Proj ect Team Joann Le, DAO Architecture Bureau of Planning and Sustainab ility Lora Lillard, Senior Planner Ph oto Credits Kathryn Hartinger, former Project Manager All photographs were taken by the Bureau of Phil Nameny, City Planner Planning and Sustainability, unless noted below: Sandra Wood, Principal Planner p age p h oto credit Bureau of Develop m ent Services 22 Riv ers Walk er Mac y Kara Fioravanti, Supervising Planner © Bru c e Fo rster Ph o to g raph y Staci Monroe, Senior Planner 28 02 B H o lst © Sally Sc h o o lm aster Gina Tynan, City Planner 28 02 C GBD Arc h itec ts Inc . © Ric h ard Stro de 28 02 D SERA Arc h itec ts © Peter Ec k ert Additional Con ri u ors 29 02 E GBD Arc h itec ts Inc . © Peter Ec k ert Cassie Ballew, City Planner Hannah Bryant, City Planner 29 02 F H ac k er © J o sh Partee Shannon Buono, Senior Planner, Code Editor 32 03 A rchitects eff mram Kristin Cooper, Senior Planner 33 03 E H enneb ery Eddy Arc h itec ts Eden Dabbs, Communications © J o sh Partee Troy Doss, Senior Planner 33 03 G Hacker eff mram Krista Gust, Graphic Design 36 04 B H enneb ery Eddy Arc h itec ts Kathryn Hartinger, City Planner © J o sh Partee Jean Hester, Senior Planner 4 0 05 B GBD Arc h itec ts Inc . Tim Heron, Senior Planner hristian olumbres Grace Jeffreys, City Planner 4 2 06 GBD Arc h itec ts Inc . © Andrew Po g u e Laura Lehman, City Planner 4 5 06 H H o lst © Sally Sc h o o lm aster Neil Loehlein, GIS Mapping, Data Analysis 4 6 07 MWA Arc h itec ts © Th o m as H arris Derek Miller, GIS Mapping, Data Analysis 4 8 07 C H o lst © Andrew Po g u e Thomas Ngo, Communications 4 8 07 D MWA Arc h itec ts © Th o m as H arris Ben Nielsen, Senior Planner 5 2 08 C LEVER Arc h itec tu re © J erem y Brandon Spencer-Hartle, Senior Planner Bi ermann Emily Volpert, Senior Administrative Specialist 5 2 08 D Holst hristian olumbres Stephanie Yao, Video Production Specialist 5 6 09 B LEVER Arc h itec tu re For er S a eremy Bi ermann Puja Bhutani, Equity and Policy Sarut Choothian (Jung), Planning Assistant Karen Guillen-Chapman, Equity and Change Manager F orm er Com m unity Service Aides Emily Hays, City Planner Kristina Fivecoat Love Jonson, Planning Assistant Razieh Hoorshenas Jeffrey Mitchem, City Planner Arva Hussain Mark Raggett, Senior Planner Betty Lou Poston PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES 3
TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction.....................................................................................................5 I. Design Overlay in Portland ........................................................................6 Background .........................................................................................6 Two-Track System ...............................................................................7 Three Tenets of Design .......................................................................8 II. About the Design Guidelines .....................................................................9 Portland's Citywide Context ..............................................................9 Urban Design Framework .................................................................10 A Guide to the Document .................................................................16 Preamble: Using the Design Guidelines ...........................................18 III. Portland Citywide Design Guidelines ......................................................19 Context Design Guidelines 01-03 ...........................................................20 Public Realm Design Guidelines 04-06 ..................................................34 Quality and Resilience Design Guidelines 07-09 ..................................46 Appendix ........................................................................................................58 4 PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES
INTRODUCTION Portland’s ecological setting, nestled between the Cascade and Coast mountain ranges and carved by the Columbia and Willamette Rivers, offers abundant beauty and a climate that beckons people outside, along its streets, parks, and trails. Development of the built environment over time has further influenced the Portland landscape, shaping how the city looks and functions today. Architecture and site design impact people’s interaction with the city, and design can create positive experiences as places continue to trans- form. Future development, and the treatment of our built and natural landscape, has the potential – and the responsibility – to create a better city for all Portlanders. Portland has received national and international acclaim for supporting a high-quality built environment through planning and urban design. This is due, in part, to its long-standing tradition of design review, which has resulted in pedestrian-oriented and context-responsive development in Portland’s active and vibrant urban spaces. As the city has evolved, so have our aspirations. The goals and policies Portlanders set out in the 2035 Com- prehensive Plan envision a prosperous, equitable, healthy and resilient city. They envision a city designed for people and a city built in harmony with nature. Design review will continue to play an important role in shaping the built environment that serves a broad range of people, from the general public –– to future residents, workers, and visitors. It offers an opportunity for designers to innovate and be creative, exploring new methods and designs that are responsive to climate and context. Design review offers direct and timely public engagement in the development review process. Successful collaboration and dis- cussions during the design review process results in projects that provide opportunities for inclusion, foster social interaction, and create places where people feel connected to each other and to the place they inhabit. Such projects will inspire long-term stew- ardship and community investment across the city. The City’s design program upholds Portland’s key design-related values, or “tenets.” The three tenets are the framework for the Portland Citywide Design Guidelines: Build on context Contribute to the public realm Promote quality and resilience These tenets do not supersede adopted policies, guidelines, and regulations, but rather provide a lens through which to apply them. They are rooted in the 2035 Comprehensive Plan, and they serve to help decision-makers and the public evaluate a propos- al’s response, using a set of qualitative, value-based regulations. Thoughtful application of the design guidelines through the design review process moves us closer to achieving our collective vision for Portland. PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES 5
I. DESIGN OVERLAY ZONE IN PORTLAND BACKGROUND The Design Overlay Zone (d-overlay) was established in the late 1950s in Portland’s downtown, with the purpose of “conserving and enhancing the appearance of the city of Portland, especially in areas of existing or poten- tial scenic value, of historical note, of architectural merit, or for interest to tourists.” After the 1972 Downtown Plan, it was reinforced with the creation of the Downtown Design Guidelines. At the time, Portlanders recognized and intentionally tried to resist a national trend of the abandonment of downtowns, which resulted in a lack of street life and vitality in city cores throughout the country. Building design in the 1950s and 1960s had gen- erally responded to the dominance of the automobile rather than building on and supporting a rich urban environment for pedestrians. The creation of new design guidelines and the process of design review in Portland brought attention to the design of buildings and their role in contributing to the public realm and the character of downtown districts. Both the review process and the tool were intended to encourage flexible, creative building designs that reinvigorated downtown’s pedestrian experience while promoting quality architecture. In the 1990s, design overlay zone expanded to outside the Central City – into the Albina neighborhood, and more guidelines were created to respond to areas with specific characteristics that were not the same as downtown. Guidelines were written to both enhance the character of Portland’s neighborhoods and support a pedestrian environment. The Albina Community Plan adoption prompted the City of Portland to create a two-track system to offer developers a clear and objective alternative to design review. Over the years, updated base zones have improved design of buildings at the street level with regulations for new development such as main entry, ground floor window, and outdoor area requirements. At the same time, the City has added areas to the d-overlay zone with incremental adoption of neighborhood plans and planning for high-capacity transit. In 2018, with the adoption of the 2035 Comprehensive Plan, the City ex- panded the Design overlay zone to all town centers and inner ring neigh- borhood centers. In doing this, the City recognized that areas expected and planned for growth and increased development warrant an added focus on design to support its long-range vision. Design review has evolved over time, along with zoning regulations and new design guidelines and processes, all of which have raised the bar on design excellence and meaningful public engagement. It will continue to encourage creativity and public participation, inspiring new development to support Portlanders as the city changes. 6 PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES
TWO-TRACK SYSTEM Design overlay (d-overlay) is typically added through a legislative planning project or quasi-judicially in conjunction with more intense base zone changes. The Design overlay zone is shown on the Official Zoning Maps with a letter ‘d’ map symbol. For new development and large alterations outside of the Central City, Portland uses a two-track system within the Design overlay zone. The two tracks are separate options for approving development proposal: the Objective Track and the Discretionary Track, or design review. Objective Track Discretionary Track: Design Review Many projects, depending on location, use, and In the Discretionary track – called Design review – size, may opt to go through the Objective Track decision-makers use design guidelines adopted by instead of Design Review, meeting the objective City Council to approve projects. Design guidelines Design Standards found in the Zoning Code. Unlike give qualitative direction for each project. Though design guidelines, design standards are non-dis- they offer flexibility and the ability for designers to cretionary: they are quantitative and measurable. respond to context and site, they are regulatory Evaluation to determine if projects meet the design approval criteria and must be met. There are many standards is conducted as part of the application acceptable ways to meet each guideline. for a residential or commercial building permit Most d-overlay sites that go through design review through a design plan check. Building permits do will use the Portland Citywide Design Guidelines, not provide opportunities for public comment. Ore- provided in this document. Within designated design gon law requires local governments to provide this districts, including the Central City Design District objective track as an option for projects that pro- and Gateway Design District, the approval criteria vide housing and are outside of regional centers. are the design guidelines adopted for that area. Evaluation to determine if projects meet the design standards is conducted as part of the application Design reviews are processed through a Type I, for a residential or commercial building permit Type II or Type III land use procedure, depending on through a design plan check. Building permits do location and project size. Type I and II reviews are not provide opportunities for public testimony as conducted by staff. Type III reviews are reviewed by the design review process does. the Design Commission and may be appealed to City Council. Public testimony is welcomed for all three Projects located within the Central City are required types of review. to go through the design review process. Projects located outside of the Central City may go through the design review process if they do not or cannot meet the design standards, or where they want to provide an opportunity for public testimony. PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES 7
THREE TENETS OF DESIGN While both tracks follow separate processes and use The Portland Citywide Design Guidelines propose: different sets of tools, they each carry out the pur- pose of the Design overlay zone and the three tenets: CONTEXT-RELATED GUIDELINES balancing the aspirations of the future desired character with Build on context today’s setting. The guidelines are sequenced to Contribute to the public realm telescope from big-picture to site-specific. Promote quality and resilience PUBLIC REALM-RELATED GUIDELINES that strengthen a building and site’s relationship with These inter-related tenets are rooted in design guide- the public rights-of-way and open spaces. lines that have guided the city’s core areas of growth for decades, and they have been identified by the De- QUALITY AND RESILIENCE-RELATED sign Commission as important and grounding topics GUIDELINES that underscore holistic site and to organize their deliberations. building designs that benefit people and climate. The three tenets are benchmarks that frame how the design standards and the Portland Citywide Design Guidelines are written. While the standards provide clear and objective measures, and the guidelines provide criteria that offer flexibility and encourage innovation, these parallel regulations both strive to achieve the same outcomes rooted in these three tenets. 8 PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES
II. ABOUT THE DESIGN GUIDELINES PORTLAND'S CITYWIDE CONTEXT Paramount to understanding the design guidelines is recognizing and acknowledging the greater context of Portland, Oregon. Situated at the confluence of the Willamette and Columbia Rivers, Portland lies midway between the Cascade Range to the east and the lower Coast Range to the west, each about 30 miles away. Its skyline is dominated by two Cascades volcanoes: Mount St. Helens and Mount Hood. The city’s location at the northern end of the fertile Willamette Valley, its long growing season, moderate annual temperatures, and rainy winters have resulted in a rich and diverse ecosystem that have sustained people for thousands of years. Though the city’s overall geography and its history are intertwined and unique, Portland’s neighborhoods and streets each have distinct histo- ries and geographies that are as rich and diverse as its natural setting. It should be acknowledged that development has played a role in eras- ing the uniqueness and culture of the city’s beloved places, upholding or exacerbating racial disparities, and worsening barriers to opportu- nities for communities of color and under-represented communities. These guidelines should be used to ensure that places undergoing change will be inclusive and foster a sense of place and belonging. The design response should intentionally promote an anti-racist built envi- ronment that honors and preserves the localized history and culture. As the city grows, development should be designed to recognize that one size does not fit all across Portland’s neighborhoods. PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES 9
URBAN DESIGN FRAMEWORK Portland’s 2035 Comprehensive Plan provides a blueprint to ensure that new development responds to its context: the Urban Design Framework. The Urban Design Framework (UDF) provides four distinct layers: Pattern areas – Western, Inner, and Eastern Neighborhoods; Rivers (Pattern Areas also includes the Central City, where these guidelines do not apply.) Centers – Town Centers and Neighborhood Centers (Centers also include the Central City and Gateway Regional Center, where these guidelines do not apply.) Corridors – Civic Corridors and Neighborhood Corridors Transit stations – Center Transit Stations, Transit Neighborhood Stations, Employment Stations, and Destination Stations Of the four layers, Pattern Areas apply to all sites. Pattern Areas reflect general existing conditions that give guidance for how sites should develop based on physical and natural characteristics, while building a future that is compact, transit-oriented, and designed for people. Natural resources make up much of Portland’s land area, providing safe, healthy places for migratory fish and wildlife species to live in and move through the city. Urban habitats encompass the city’s most valuable and unique natural features – the rivers, streams, and sloughs, wetlands, buttes, and large forested areas and parks. Other urban habitats are wo- ven throughout the built environment, including street and yard trees, ecoroofs, landscaping, parks, trails, and bridges – which provide oppor- tunities for wildlife and maintain Portland’s distinctive natural character. The UDF guides new growth to Centers, Corridors, and Transit Station areas, where people can access jobs, housing options, services, and transit connections. These areas reflect an aspirational future where new development should respond to the opportunity presented by its location within major areas of growth and natural setting. To ensure that these areas function successfully and foster strong and inclusive communities, new development should be designed to support the desired character of growing centers, corridors, and transit stations, while building on positive physical and natural characteristics that are rooted in the city’s Pattern Areas. PATTERN AREAS Portland’s pattern areas are a formal acknowledgment that the city’s natural and built landscapes aren’t all the same. They have distinct char- acteristics that have been influenced by both the natural environment and how or when these parts of the city were developed. Pattern areas are described in detail in Guideline 01. 10 PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES
UURRBBAANN DDEESSI IGGNN FFRRAAMMEEWWOORRKK PORTLAND’S URBAN DESIGN FRAMEWORK, 2035 COMPREHENSIVE PLAN Columbia River Columbia River Portland International Portland International Airport Airport N LOMBARD N LOMBARD I-5 I-5 D LV YB D MLK BLVD ND LV SADY B MLK BLVD SAN I-84 I-84 I-84 W BURNSIDE I-84 W BURNSIDE SE 122ND I-205 SE 122ND SE 82ND US SE HAWTHORNE I-205 -26 SE 82ND US SE HAWTHORNE -26 SE P OW SE P ELL CESAR CHAVEZ OW ELL CESAR CHAVEZ WY OL H APIT SW C L HWY O APIT SW C I-5 I-5 CENTERS CORRIDORS CITY GREENWAYS PATTERN AREAS CENTERS Central City CORRIDORS Civic Corridors CITY GREENWAYS Enhanced Greenway Corridors PATTERN Central CityAREAS Central Gateway City Neighborhood Civic Corridors Trails (Existing Enhanced & Proposed) Greenway Corridors Inner Neighborhoods Central City Regional Center Corridors Neighborhood Trails (Existing & Proposed) Western Neighborhoods Gateway Inner Neighborhoods Regional Center Corridors Eastern Neighborhoods Western Neighborhoods Town Centers High Capacity Transit URBANHABITAT URBAN HABITAT CORRIDORS Rivers Neighborhoods Neighborhood Town Centers Eastern Centers High RailCapacity Transit CORRIDORS Spaces Parks & Open Rivers Neighborhood Rail Inner Ring Centers Habitat Parks Corridor & Open Spaces Districts Inner Ring Habitat Corridor Waterbodies Districts Waterbodies 18 | Urban Design Direction 18 | Urban Design Direction WHERE IS THE URBAN DESIGN FRAMEWORK? Find site speci c F components online www.portlandmaps.com/bps/designguidelines PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES 1 1
CENTERS, CORRIDORS, TRANSIT STATION AREAS enters, orridors, and ransit tation reas are poised for growth. hey will become multi functional places that support working, living, and shopping, and they will serve a diversity of people. oday they represent a broad spectrum of places in transition. On one end of the spectrum, many areas are de ned by a pa ern and rhythm of compact buildings and active streetscapes. On the other end are pockets of largely underdeveloped or vacant sites, where new development has a role in creating and activating vibrant places supported by transit. Central City Gatew ay Reg io nal Center these idelines do not a l in l ded or s ale these idelines do not a l in l ded or s ale To w n Center Neig h b o rh o o d Center 1 2 PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES
CENTERS Centers are envisioned to develop as the foundations that serve complete neighborhoods. They can include larger-scale buildings located close to high-capacity transit stations or near the Central City (Inner Ring Districts). Town Centers anchored by high-employment and Neighborhood Centers are opportunities for institutional uses will be supported with mid-rise low-rise commercial and residential development development (five to seven stories or greater, (four to five stories or greater, depending on depending on geography) that features a wide range geography), which feature focused businesses of community services, commercial options, and and housing options. Development should housing. provide neighborhood amenities and places that Within Town Centers, development should provide encourage social activity and serve local transit links to and amenities for the region’s high-capacity and bicycle networks. transit system. Open spaces such as plazas created by new development should support business operations, social interaction, gathering, waiting, and augmenting large community-focused events and activities. PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES 13
CORRIDORS Corridors are areas of growth and redevelopment potential along busy, active streets. They define and are supported by surrounding neighborhoods. Important transportation functions of these corridors should be balanced with their roles in supporting businesses and residential livability with tree canopy and landscaped areas. The largest places of focused activity and density along corridors are designated as centers. Development along Civic Corridors is intended to be With high levels of traffic and pedestrian activity, up to mid‐rise in scale (five to seven stories), with low- new buildings along Civic Corridors should support er scale generally more appropriate in locations away programming, layout, and designs that improve from the Central City or transit stations. livability for building users. Development along Civic Corridors should support Neighborhood Corridors are narrower main the city’s busiest, widest, and most prominent streets streets that will include a mix of commercial and with design approaches that contribute to a pedestri- higher‐density housing development. Develop- an-friendly environment. Development should allow ment along Neighborhood Corridors should strive for placement of abundant trees and high‐quality land- to support neighborhood business districts and scaping that distinguish and beautify Civic Corridors, provide housing options close to local services. offsetting the impacts of their wide rights-of-way. New New buildings should continue a compact urban buildings along corridors should incorporate green form with amenities that enhance walkability and infrastructure, cleaning and soaking up stormwater connectedness to adjacent residential areas and runoff and minimizing urban heat island effects, while transit lines. providing places to live, work, and gather. 14 PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES
TRANSIT STATION AREAS Development at Transit Station Areas should offer pedestrian- and bicycle-friendly access to transit, aug- mented with places to sit, wait, and interact. Within Center Transit Station Areas, development Within Employment Station Areas, development should provide high-density concentrations of should support the concentrations of jobs and housing and commercial uses that maximize the employment-focused areas. ability of residents to live close to both high-quali- Within Destination Station Areas, development ty transit and commercial services. should enhance connections between major des- Within Transit Neighborhood Station Areas, tinations and transit facilities, strengthening the development should include mixed-income resi- role of these areas as places of focused activity. dential development and supportive commercial services close to transit neighborhood stations. Transit neighborhood stations serve mixed-use areas that are not in major centers. PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES 15
A GUIDE TO THE DOCUMENT Eac h desig n g u ideline addresses an im po rtant desig n to pic and h as th e sam e stru c tu ral c o m po nents. THE GUIDELINE PAGES Design G uideline serv es as th e appro v al c riteria. 04 04 the highest levels of design a ention and te ture ac ro ss th e sidew alk . Th ey sh o u ld c o ntrib u te to th e DESIGN THE SIDEWALK LEVEL OF BUILDINGS TO BE where people will be entering and e iting. social interaction of the public realm by providing am ple o u tdo o r ro o m to enc o u rag e eyes o n th e ACTIVE AND HUMAN-SCALED. Building facades need to reinforce the human scale street. of the public realm through articulation and depth at the boundaries of public and private spaces. Residential ground floors also h av e a ro le in an ac - eather protection at main entrances are neces- tive public realm. hey c an c o ntrib u te to th e v ib rant sary for pedestrians as well as for people entering streetscape with graceful transitions from private and e iting the buildings. he provision of ample to public space using stoops, porches, or buffered u pper sto ry w indo w s sh o u ld c o ntrib u te to th e pu b - setbacks with layers of landscaping and semi pri- lic realm s safety, activity and visibility. v ate spac es. he programming of ground floor rchitectural detailing along building facades should residential buildings should provide more public include rich spatial layering, for interest and te ture rooms, to avoid privacy issues between residents th at enh anc es th e pu b lic realm and streetsc ape and passers by. he placement of bedrooms on the e perience. Blank walls on the street facing facades street facing fa ade should be avoided. On u pper should be avoided. Public art, when mitigating stories, windows offer eyes on the street, interac- blank walls, should play a role in activating the side- tion, and visual interest. walk through curiosity, vibrancy or storytelling. Along trails, river, and greenway, w indo w s and Building projections sh o u ld lim it intru sio n into th e balconies contribute to create a safe and successful right of way, avoiding deep, heavy bays that domi- trail e perience for all users. Entranc es alo ng th e nate the ground floor plane. Oriel windows sh o u ld greenway setbacks should include a buffer and tran- be limited in use, and where they are provided, they sition from public right of way to semi private space should contribute to the rhythm of the architecture and private entries and not a direct connection to and not detract from the public realm. Balc o nies the greenway. Lighting along the greenway should should invite and provide permeability for, not de- be downcast to protect wildlife. tract from, street trees and urban canopy to spread DESIGN APPROACHES N orth w est Distric t, o a on BACKGROUND wnings protect passers by from rain and c reate a sense of entry. esidential stoops provide separation from the sidewalk GROUND FLOOR HEIGHTS esigning buildings with taller, A strong p ub lic realm is fram ed b y a b uilt environm ent th at sup p orts and feels com fortab le to all users, and allo w eyes o n th e street. more adaptable ground floors especiall our os ulnera le populations people i disa ilities ou and is oricall arginal- i ed people Cities designed or people depend on e success o a elco ing and acti e s ree scape MULTIPLE ENTRIES AND WINDOWS and ground floor arc i ec ure s ould con ri u e o is space Offering more than one en- trance along the ground floors of T oug people arri e in Por land s usies cen ers corridors and ransi s ations an di eren b u ilding s to pro v ide eyes on the odes e are on oo or using a o ili de ice a ei er end o eir destination a ing e side- street and avoid blank e panses al le el o a uilding i s os i por an con ri ution o people s e perience in ese areas of walls In addition h e sidewalk level is th e m ost directly accessib le to th e p ub lic so is portion o e uilding WEATHER PROTECTION Providing protection from wind, sh ould esp ecially b e designed to enrich p ub lic life i acti e ground floors a are isi le a racti e rain, and sun in iting and in eresting a e u an scale Acti i and i ranc a e side al le el ensures a Por land s denses areas ill flouris ecause e ec on people o e perience and enjo e LIGHTING nhancing safety and visibility for pedestrians and highlighting Success ul co ercial ground floors are active, Corner in ersections and uilding en ries w ith special building features visually accessible and appealing from the outside. their high visibility and foot tra c volumes, sh o u ld RESIDENTIAL SETBACKS Th ey pro v ide large storefront windows, interesting be prominent and considered prime locations reating soft transitions while all ground floors allow light, air, and signage, multiple entries, outdoor seating, and for shifts in massing and features that welcome v isib ility into sh o ps and b u sinesses. separating private spaces from visual displays. round floors should be tall and full pedestrians along the street, su c h as g enero u s aw - pu b lic spac es of light and air, welcoming passersby as an e ten- nings, signage and lighting. hese features should NOVEMBER 2020 RECOMMENDED DRAFT PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES 35 sion of the public sidewalk, facilitating movement be integrated into the design of the building w ith and interaction between people. 34 RECOMMENDED DRAFT PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES NOVEMBER 2020 Back ground Diagram Design Ap p roach es Ou tlines w h y th e g u ideline Su ppo rts th e Bac k - Provide e amples of ways to meet is im po rtant. Th e b eg inning g ro u nd statem ent and th e g u ideline. Th ese appro ac h es paragraphs within the grey bo illustrates potential function as an e tension of the describe the rationale, and the desig n appro ac h es. Bac k g ro u nd and are no t intended subse uent paragraphs describe to be used as a checklist of recom- what speci c circumstances and mended solutions. Other approach- issu es th e g u ideline addresses. es no t listed m ay also b e u sed. On his section is the design intent balance, the design approach es of the approval criteria. em plo yed in th e pro po sal sh o u ld m eet th e desig n g u ideline. 1 6 PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES
THE E AMPLE PAGES 04 Design the sidewalk level of buildings to be active and human-scaled. 04 THIS GUIDELINE MAY BE ACCOMPLISHED BY... THIS GUIDELINE MAY BE ACCOMPLISHED BY... A B E F esigning covered entries, signage, seating, and gla ing details that ncluding wide, fle ible openings. his restaurant s large bay of Featuring multiple windows and doors, signage, and room for informal Locating active uses directly adjacent to the public sidewalk. Providing contribute to interest and activity at the human scale. windows transforms to allow an e pansion of seating during warmer, retail displays and planters. covered seating, string lights, and multiple windows and entries within Alberta, NE Alberta and NE 21st sunnier months, creating a versatile, active public realm. Alberta, NE Alberta and NE 18th the setback creates an active streetscape. P earl, NW Evere and NW th Division, SE Division and SE 30th C D G H ctivating a corner with a welcoming entry, weather protection, and ncorporating distinctive paving pa erns, landscaping, artwork, and Buffering ground floor residential units with generously landscaped Offering signage, tall ground floors, and weather protection for seating. large entry canopies. reating an e tension of the sidewalk contributes planters to provide privacy and safety for residents. Multiple layers pedestrians. High levels of visual permeability on the ground floors Ladd's Addition, SE add and SE Division to more interaction among patrons and passersby. softens the street edge and can allow for a more pleasant streetscape. make sidewalks feel safe and inviting. N orth w est Distric t, NW imb and NW 22nd Williams, N Williams and N Mason Division, SE Division and SE 26th 36 RECOMMENDED DRAFT PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES NOVEMBER 2020 NOVEMBER 2020 RECOMMENDED DRAFT PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES 37 T is Guideline Ma e Acco plis ed p ages nclude photographic e amples and wri en descriptions of projects that successfully meet the guideline being addressed. he photographs are identi ed by the names of their center location or neighborhood and nearest intersection. PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES 1 7
PREAMBLE: USING THE DESIGN GUIDELINES Design guidelines are mandatory approval criteria that must be met as part of design review. They also intend to serve as parameters for discus- sion and deliberation. During the design review process, applicants are responsible for explain- ing, in their application, how their proposed design meets each guide- line. The public is encouraged to weigh in on the proposed design, based on the guidelines. Decision-makers must tie their comments and responses, and ultimate- ly their decision, to the guidelines. Discussion and deliberation should be organized around and focused on whether the proposal meets the guideline or does not meet the guideline. Proposals that meet all the applicable guidelines will be approved. Pro- posals that do not meet all of the applicable guidelines will be denied. If the decision-maker approves the proposed design, they may add con- ditions to their approval, which require revisions to the design to ensure the proposal’s compliance with the guidelines. 18 PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES
III. PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES 01 CONTEX T Bu ild o n th e c arac er local identi and aspiration of the place.......18 Build on context by enhancing the distinctive physical, 02 natural, historic and Create positi e relations ips w ith su rro u nding s ...................................24 cultural qualities of the location while accommodating 03 growth and change Integ rate and enh anc e on- site features and oppor unities to c o ntrib u te to a location s uni ueness ................................................28 04 PUBLIC REALM Desig n th e sidewalk level of b uildings to b e active and Contribute to a public h u m an- sc aled ........................................................................................32 realm that encourages social interaction and 05 fosters inclusivity Pro v ide op p ortunities to p ause, sit, and interact .............................36 06 ntegrate and minimi e the impact of p ark ing and nec essary b uilding services ....................................................................................40 07 UALIT AND upport the comfort, safety, and dignity of residents, workers, RESILIENCE and v isito rs th ro u g h oug ul si e and b uilding design ............................44 Promote quality and long-term resilience in the face of changing 08 demographics, esign for q uality, using enduring materials and strategies with a climate and economy c o h erent appro ac h .................................................................................48 09 esign for resilience, health, and stewardship of the environment, ensuring adaptability to climate change and the evolving needs of th e c ity .....................................................................................................52 PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES 1 9
01 BUILD ON THE CHARACTER, LOCAL IDENTITY, AND ASPIRATION OF THE PLACE. Heart of Foster, SE Foster and SE 73rd BACKGROUND Development should complement the place it inhabits. Place refers to an area’s qualitative physical characteristics, such as the natural and built environment, and to an area’s social characteristics, such as the histories, cultures, and needs of the communities it serves. By responding to place, development in Portland can represent and support the diversity of its neighborhoods and the people who will continue to be a part of its evolution. Portland’s pattern areas provide a basis for understanding the context of the city’s past, present and future and the characteristics and aspirations of distinct and unique places. Building on the local identity of a pattern area is also an opportunity to engage the community in discussion about the contributions a development makes to the neighborhood, and a precaution against increasing uniformity and loss of authenticity across the city. Over time, the changing face of new development should augment the character and nature of a place rather than deplete it. 20 PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES
01 At the citywide scale, the Urban Design Framework described in the Introduction gives a blueprint for future development in areas across the city. Development should contribute to the future aspiration out- lined in the Urban Design Framework, as well as the context of the area’s historic and cultural past and the character of its present. Pattern areas should be a starting place for applicants in defining the character, local identity and aspiration. The pattern areas are described on the following pages. The UDF also gives a framework for anticipated growth within centers, cor- Columb ridors, and transit station ia River areas, which are described W Rivers in the Introduction. These illa m layers all serve to guide ett eR future development. ive r Portland’s pattern areas each have unique physical, social, cultural, and envi- Central ronmental qualities that dif- City Eastern ferentiate them and help to define their sense of place. Western Inner The following descriptions identify key positive char- acteristics that are related to future development and design priorities in these areas. The Western Neighborhoods are distinguished by the terrain of Portland’s west hills and a network of trails, tree-covered forests, and streams. In Western Neighborhoods, new development should minimize impacts on the area’s streams and slopes with sensitivity to the site’s topography. It should preserve and enhance the area’s surface water, wetlands, habitat areas, and tree canopy. New development should provide connections to pedestrian trails and pathways. Building forms can take advantage of opportunities provided by irregular spaces carved from curvilinear streets, changes in topog- raphy, and site vistas by providing places that stitch together hab- itat and places for viewing and gathering. While moving toward a more compact, less auto-oriented urban form, architecture can take cues from prevailing post-war language found in Western centers and along corridors and consider features such as low- slung pitched roofs, landscaped or set-back frontages, and court- yard entries and vista points that are shaped to fit the topography. PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES 21
01 Build on the character local identity, and aspiration of the place. Th e Inner Neigh b orh oods w ere pla ed and developed du ring th e street- car era of the late th and early th centuries. ithin nner eighborhoods, new development should enhance the pa ern of street oriented buildings along ivic and eighborhood orri- do rs. Many c enters and c o rrido rs w ith in th e Inner Neig h b o rh o o ds h av e a historic mi ed use urban pa ern c entered alo ng v ib rant m ain streets. Th e repetition of multiple doors, transom windows, prominent entrances, and the te ture of materials and signage have established a ne grained de- sig n v o c ab u lary. ew development can complement the form and te ture of e isting older buildings and pa erns while adding density. Large sites in nner eighborhoods should break up building massing, al- low multiple connections and entries, and support a strong, active street wall. ew development should reinforce Portland s commitment to active transportation and transit ridership through bicycle amenities and stop- ping and waiting areas. Po rtland’ s Eastern Neigh b orh oods feature a diverse range of built and natu ral landsc apes. Many stru c tu res in th e Eastern Neig h b o rh o o ds w ere developed after orld ar , and most of this area was anne ed into the ity of Portland in the s and s. astern eighborhood development can build on positive aspects of the area’ s larg e b lo c k s while adding much needed connectivity and gathering spac es. rouping buildings on deep lots can ma imi e community spac- es and encourage placemaking. t the same time, development should create mid block connections that make it easier for people to access community destinations. ew development should preserve and enhance groves of coniferous trees, protecting the area s forests, streams, and wetlands. Site and b u ild- ing desig n sh o u ld strengthen views of the area s skyline of bu es. Alo ng th e Rivers, ative mericans se led at the confluence of the il- lame e and olumbia because it offered them plentiful food, natural re- sources, and critically important trade and transportation opportunities. he rivers, as Portland s initial and most powerful form giving features, continue to de ne and shape the city today. ew development should recogni e, enhance, and protect the historic and multi cultural signi cance of the illame e and olumbia ivers. Ac c ess to th e riv ers sh o u ld b e streng th ened and m ade v isib le and pro m - inent, repairing connections between neighborhoods that have been cut off from the rivers and public trails. evelopment within the ivers pa ern area should enhance the rivers ecological roles as locally and regionally signi cant habitat for sh and wildlife. 22 PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES
01 Signi can or iconic co uni s ruc ures to the local climate, and improve watershed health. and sp aces, such as historic or cultural resourc- esponsive site planning maintains habitat corridors, es, civic amenities, natural areas, bridges, and increases tree canopy, and adds green spaces as ap- b o u ndaries sh o u ld b e ac k no w ledg ed. Dev elo p- propriate to the needs and identity of each place. ment can be responsive to these features w ith inclusive and inviting design, pro v iding o ppo r- Ho are c arac er and local identi de ned tunities for people to recogni e and e perience pplicants, decision makers, and the public can rely on several nearb y community assets. Potential approaches sources to draw inspiration, information and guidance. hese may include pocket pla as for seating, viewing, so u rc es sh o u ld b e b alanc ed w ith c o m m u nity v o ic es th at eng ag e th ro u g h o u t th e desig n pro c ess. and gathering way nding to h elp lo c ate po ints of interest and interpretive signage or art. • Ch aracter Statem ent. here provided, read the haracter tatement of the area offered in the ppendi and respond to Re erences o local c arac er de ning arc i- the desired current and future local identity and character. tectural features sh o u ld b e inc o rpo rated in • U rb an Design F ram ework ( U DF ) . Lo o k u p th e site’ s applic ab le development. ntegrating materials, building layers on the F, as described in the ntroduction and within this guideline. espond to the aspirations for growth and proportions, setbacks, entry features, and development and the pa ern area conte t. architectural details and pa erns found within www.portlandmaps.com/bps/designguidelines th e area into new dev elo pm ent and b u ilding al- terations acknowledges and reinforces the local • Si e and area o ser ations Stu dy th e natu ral and b u ilt env i- ronment of the area. How is it intended to grow and what key conte t. f alterations, additions, or new build- characteristics can be integrated into new development ings result in the loss of these character de n- • Adop ted City p olicies and p lans. ead place speci c charac- ing features, new development should provide teristics and features previously identi ed and adopted by the the same level of te ture and uality. City. ( See 203 om rehensive lan Po lic y 1 .1 9 c and Fig u re , rea peci c Plans dopted by Ordinance Prior to May A site’ s ecological contex t sh o u ld b e rec o g - , ni ed. esigns should reintroduce nature into • Designated h istoric and natural resources. dentify designat- the city and incorporate vegetation and storm- ed historic resources and natural resources in close pro imity. water features that enhance the distinctive beauty of Portland s neighborhoods, respond onte t Desi n idelines teles o e in s ale rom lar er onte t to smaller his desi n ideline addresses omm nit and nei hborhood onte t DESIGN APPROACHES Ad a ent onte t is addressed in Guideline 02 Site s e i Guideline 03 onte t is addressed in COMMUNIT elating to the local community s identity, history, and c u ltu ral v alu es and plac es ARCHITECTU RE aking cues from desired character of e isting architecture NATU RE eflecting and enhancing local natural resources such as rivers, streams, bu es and vegetation PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES 23
01 Build on the character local identity, and aspiration of the place. THIS GUIDELINE MAY BE ACCOMPLISHED BY... A B Orienting a building s mass and landscaping to enhance natural topog- ransforming a enter ransit tation rea and linear superblock to raph y. provide a prominent street wall along the transit line, broken up with T erw illig er, SW Barbur and SW Hooker a series of outdoor spaces and ground floor retail. H az elw ood , NE 122nd and E Burnside C D tili ing landscaped setbacks and entry se uences that mimic nearby esigning the site to respond to the ecology and beauty of the place. residential pa erns. his project uncovered and restored ryon reek s headwaters, Alberta, NE Alberta and NE 26th Ave providing a connection to the area s natural landscape. M u ltnomah V illag e, SW 30th and SW Mari old 24 PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES
01 THIS GUIDELINE MAY BE ACCOMPLISHED BY... E F voking early streetcar architecture forms and pa erns within nner Desig ning b u ilding s th at integ rate to po g raph y. Th is b u ilding s retaining Neig h b o rh o o d Centers and alo ng Neig h b o rh o o d Co rrido rs. walls support si ng and pausing within estern eighborhood Alberta, NE Alberta and NE 1 th c enters. H illsd ale, SW S nset lvd and SW De i G H Featuring historic architectural remnants, such as this series of ransforming ivic orridors into green, lush pedestrian oriented paintings on pillars of the old Lovejoy amp, to display artwork and streetscapes. his frontage sets back and devotes space for a double c eleb rate a perio d in th e distric t’ s h isto ry. allee of trees to encourage walking on a busy street. P earl, NW 10th and NW landers J ad e Distric t, SE 82nd and SE Division PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES 25
02 CREATE POSITIVE RELATIONSHIPS WITH SURROUNDINGS. Sellwood/Moreland, SE Milwaukie and SE Claybourne BACKGROUND New development must respond to its surroundings, both abutting sites and sites located directly across the street. Designers should consider how to harmoniously relate to sites with lasting qualities and characteristics, such as neighboring designated historic landmarks, historic resources, natural resources, open spaces, and trails. In addition, new development should balance its response to lower-density zoning, recognizing that the city will grow and evolve over time. New Development should forge positive relationships with neighboring sites through conscientious massing, transitions, and connections. On large projects, building scale should respond to adjacent conditions. Smaller contextual responses include site edge treatments such as buffering and landscaping, and architectural features such as placement of openings and ornamental details. 26 PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES
02 New develop m ent adj acent to designated New develop m ent adj acent to p edestrian h istoric landm ark s or h istoric districts sh o u ld b e p ath ways, trails and op en sp aces sh o u ld pro v ide designed though ully and deferentially towards visual and physical connections to improve local its neighbors. esponsive urban form approaches mobility. etbacks should offer pathways, trails inc lu de stepping do w n to w ard th e landm ark and open spaces ample space and buffering. h eig h t o r allo w ing a w ide b erth th ro u g h setb ac k s indows and openings should face adjacent open or a pocket pla a if the landmark is a standalone spac es and trails. building, such as a church or theater. ppropriate arc h itec tu ral respo nses to neig h b o ring landm ark s Wh ere new intense uses and form s ab ut include continuity of setbacks and cornice lines lower- density z oning, development should be matching ground floor heights repetition of designed to carefully consider the relationships bay and window rhythms and complementary of building footprints and volumes through materials, architectural features, or details. massing, proportions, and building setbacks. ell sited outdoor spaces, generous landscaping, In ll de elop en i in Por land s is oric porches, and multiple housing unit entries m ain street b lock s should reinforce a vibrant can effectively ease transitions between new, street w all: maintaining consistent setbacks, denser development and e isting, less dense cultivating active ground floor uses, and development. rchitecturally, the placement of continuing pa erns of entries, windows, and windows, lighting, entries, utilities, and services aw ning s. hile new in ll may result in a taller should avoid negative conflicts with neig h b o ring building than its neighbors, it should ac k no w ledg e residential uses. adjacent historic resources, even while materials and architectural styles may be very different. onte t Desi n idelines teles o e in s ale rom lar er onte t to smaller his desi n ideline addresses ad a ent onte t omm nit and nei hborhood on- te t is addressed in ideline 01 DESIGN APPROACHES Site s e i Guideline 02 onte t is addressed in BUILDING MASSING eveloping effective placement and proportion of build- ing m assing to w ard adj ac ent lo w er- sc ale dev elo pm ent and residential uses STREET ALL Maintaining a vibrant street wall with continuous store- fronts along historic main streets CONNECTI IT reating visual and physical links to adjacent pedestrian path w ays and neig h b o ring o pen spac es AD ACENT HISTORIC LANDMARKS eferring to the neighboring historic landmark through massing and urban form PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES 27
02 Create positive relationships with surroundings. THIS GUIDELINE MAY BE ACCOMPLISHED BY... A B caling building mass to respond to varied conte t by increasing height iting open spaces to take advantage of views to local points of inter- and bulk at a prominent corner, while stepping down height and mass est. his courtyard offers a glimpse of the historic landmark tower. adjacent to a low density residential one. O ld T ow n/ C h inatow n, NW Broadway and NW Glisan Williams, N Williams and N ee h C D Pro v iding landsc aping and c ano py ag ainst an adj ac ent b lank w all. Th is sing scale and setbacks to defer to an adjacent historic resource. his podium courtyard softens the edge and offers a wide buffer along its new community space is a subtle design that sits further back and uses adj ac ent neig h b o r. muted materials and a lower roofline as a response to its neighbor. West E nd , SW Main and SW 11th a tin L in , NE 6th and NE res o 28 PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES
02 THIS GUIDELINE MAY BE ACCOMPLISHED BY... E F Alig ning b elt c o u rses and w indo w h eig h ts. Th is new er b u ilding o n th e ntentionally connecting open spaces to open spaces. he central gath- left uses the same vocabulary as its historic neighbor materials, repe- ering area between two o ce buildings leads across the street to more tition of bays and windows, and continuity of setbacks. o pen spac e and a trail th at ev entu ally c o nnec ts to th e riv er. O ld T ow n/ C h inatow n, SW 3rd and SW Ash P earl, NW ront and NW 1 th G H Break ing u p b u ilding m assing w h ere it is adj ac ent to lo w er density einforcing neighboring historic structures through the use of physical residential to reduce the contrast between scales in height. cues and architectural gestures, such as matching building heights and M ississip p i, N Albina and N landena setb ac k s alo ng street edg es. Williams, N an o ver and N Mason PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES 29
03 INTEGRATE AND ENHANCE ON-SITE FEATURES AND OPPORTUNITIES TO CONTRIBUTE TO A LOCATION’S UNIQUENESS. Hillsdale, SW Capitol Highway and SW 26th BACKGROUND Building on context includes seeking and drawing inspiration from the existing conditions of the development site itself. A project’s architecture and programming should respond to natural features, physical features, and historical features of the site, where applicable. Natural features include topography, views, sightlines, solar and wind orientation, trees and vegetation. These features add value and should be woven into the site and building design. Physical features refer to site dimensions, boundary limitations, and any structures or buildings that will remain with redevelopment. Complementary additions to existing older buildings enhance the evolving urban fabric and connect different periods of Portland’s history, while moving towards a desired future. Development should build upon and reflect site and building history, passing along the narrative of the site. Specific responses to natural features include important, and incorporating these features not integrating existing trees, vegetated slopes and only preserves resources but roots development topography into site design, respecting the natural specifically to the site. Building programming landform. Streams, wetlands, rocky outcrops, and placement of entries, open areas, windows, or other geological attributes are rare and and balconies can take advantage of topography, 30 PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES
03 natural views, and sightlines to community or and spandrels, while e pressing newer forms and natural points of interest, historic landmarks, and m aterials. he building s distinguishing ualities pedestrian path s. and features should be maintained as a part of the proposed rehabilitation or addition. Ph ysical features of sites and th eir b oundaries may offer uni ue opportunities to provide Arch aeological and h istoric features of the site vantage points and prominent entries, especially can be retained and incorporated, influencing at h ig h - v isib ility c o rners o r alo ng c u rv ing streets. the site layout where possible, to help augment nusually shaped site boundaries offer space the sense of place and its uni ue value. hen that can be incorporated into the public realm, e isting buildings or site features are relocated espec ially alo ng b u sy streets w h ere pedestrians or removed, an applicant should employ the desire buffering from moving vehicles. deconstruction and reuse of materials, such as lumber, machinery, stone, or architectural features Si e and uilding reno ations should recogni e o n o r w ith in th e dev elo pm ent. and draw from the architecture of the e isting buildings as products of their own time. ew C arac eristics identi ed e si e is or additions to older buildings should enhance the and e li ed e perience o co unities, e isting building s use of scale, proportion, and where applicable, sh o u ld b e integ rated into site construction materials and methods, where and building design, so that buildings and open appro priate. spac es m ay h ig h lig h t and h o no r them. n addition to tangible a ributes, site speci c social and Additions o is oric resources no t su b j ec t to c u ltu ral h isto ry c an b e interw o v en into th e desig n Historic esource eview re uire increased levels of new development through signage, art, and of design sensitivity. he original structure should pla as. hese features can share knowledge and be enhanced through continuity of proportions wisdom of Portland s older and under represented and vertical and hori ontal lines within the e isting populations and contribute meaningfully to the architecture. dditions can take cues from e isting place s narrative and its contribution to the city s rhythms of pilasters, windows, bays, cornices, evolution for future generations. onte t Desi n idelines teles o e in s ale rom lar er onte t to smaller his desi n ideline addresses site s e i onte t omm nit and nei hborhood on- te t is addressed in ideline 01 Ad a ent onte t is addressed in Guideline 02 DESIGN APPROACHES NATURAL RESOURCES Minimi ing site disturbance and integrating topography and natural resources found on site V IEWPOINTS ntegrating views to community points of interest ON SITE OLDER BUILDINGS AND HISTORIC RESOURCES etaining e isting older buildings and historic resources SOCIAL AND CULTURAL SIGNIFICANCE ncorporating a site s signi cant cultural or social history PORTLAND CITYWIDE DESIGN GUIDELINES 31
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