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OCT Monthly Current Affairs & Gk (C)www.ibps poclerkexams .net Current Affairs & Gk Capsule www.ibpspoclerkexams.net
OCT Monthly Current Affairs & Gk (C)www.ibpspoclerkexams.net
1st Day Oct Current Affairs v. USIBC chairman, Ajay Banga, who is
also MasterCard CEO, said India under
Modi is experiencing a new chapter of
1. Obama, Modi establish Contact growth.
Group to expedite Indo-US nuke deal
implementation 3. India, US agree to cooperate on
future explorations of Mars
i. India and the US have established an i. India and the US have agreed to
inter-agency Contact Group on the civil cooperate on future explorations of Mars
nuclear deal to sort out outstanding planet, which America said will yield
liability and technical issues to fast-track tangible benefits to both the countries and
its full implementation. the world at large.
ii. Prime Minister Narendra Modi and US ii. The agreement in this regard was
President Barack Obama while taking note signed by NASA Administrator Charles
of the delay reaffirmed their commitment Bolden and K Radhakrishnan, Chairman of
to implement fully the US-India civil the Indian Space Research Organization,
nuclear cooperation agreement that would ISRO in Toronto yesterday on the
facilitate installation of American-origin sidelines of the International Astronautical
nuclear reactors in India. Congress.
iii. From the Indian side, the inter-agency
Contact Group will have representatives 4. US to help India develop three
from Department of Atomic Energy, smart cities
Ministry of External Affairs and Finance i. In a boost to India’s 100 smart city
Ministry. programme, the US will help India in
iv. After summit talks with Obama, Modi developing three such cities apart from
said both sides are serious about resolving joining hands with civil society and
at the earliest issues blocking the authorities to provide clean water and
implementation of the civil nuclear deal. sewage facilities in 500 cities in the
country.
2. Come soon before it's too late, ii. The three cities are Allahabad, Ajmer
PM tells US businesses and Visakhapatnam.
i. Asserting that India is on the move to iii. This announcement was made after the
becoming a country with a business- talks between Prime Minister Narendra
friendly environment, PM Narendra Modi Modi and President Barack Obama
has exhorted top US coporates to iv. The Indian government plans to
establish and expand their base in India develop 100 smart cities and in this
before it is too late. regard an allocation of Rs. 7,060 crore
ii. "Together we will reach new heights of was proposed in the Union Budget.
development and growth," Modi said at
the event organised by the US-India 5. Rajiv – appointed New Central
Business Council (USIBC). Vigilance Commissioner (CVC).
iii. "Take the benefit of the fast paced i. President Pranab Mukherjee on 30
development and changes in the Indian September 2014 authorised Vigilance
economy," Modi said in his address on Commissioner Rajiv to act as chief of
Tuesday to American businesses urging Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) until
them to take advantage of India's growing the appointment of the Central Vigilance
economy to foster mutual prosperity. Commissioner. His appointment came
iv. Among those present at the meeting with effect from 29 September 2014.
were World Bank President, Jim Yong Kim, ii. The Central Vigilance Commission
External Affairs Minister, Sushma Swaraj, (CVC) is headed by a Central Vigilance
and several top corporate leaders from Commissioner and has two Vigilance
both the US and India, including Mukesh Commissioners.
Ambani.
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iii. The vacancy for the post of Central sites namely Facebook and Twitter were
Vigilance Commissioner had occurred after much popular than orkut. Now, Google
Central Vigilance Commissioner Pradeep has moved to a new platform - the Google
Kumar completed his tenure on 28 Plus.
September 2014. Pradeep Kumar took
oath as the chief of the Central Vigilance Note: Orkut started in 2004 was named
Commission on 14 July 2011. after its creator, Orkut Buyukkokten, a
Note: The other Vigilance Commissioner Google employee.
JM Garg completed his tenure on 7
September 2014 following which Rajiv was 8. Afghanistan signed Bilateral
left as the lone Vigilance Commissioner in Security Agreement with the US
CVC. i. Afghanistan signed Bilateral Security
ii. According to the Central Vigilance Agreement (BSA) with the US with an aim
Commission Act, 2003, in the event of any to allow some US troops to remain in the
vacancy in the office of the Central country till 2015.
Vigilance Commissioner by reason of ii. National Security Adviser of Afghanistan
death, resignation or otherwise, the Mohammad Hanif Atmar and US
President may authorise one of the Ambassador James Cunningham signed
Vigilance Commissioners to act as the BSA at the presidential palace of
Central Vigilance Commissioner until the Afghanistan in Kabul.
appointment of a new incumbent.
9. Ahmedabad-Mumbai bullet train
6. Magnificent Mary gives India first to cost Rs 65,000 crore
boxing gold at 17th Asiad i. Railways minister D. V. Sadananda
Gowda has said that the Ahmedabad-
i. M C Mary Kom became the first Indian Mumbai bullet train project will cost
woman boxer to clinch a gold medal at the around Rs 65,000 crore.
Asian Games after she came from behind ii. Project will be taken up under the
to beat Kazakhstan's Zhaina Public-Private partnership.Mr Gauda said
Shekerbekova in the flyweight (51KG) that the existing track will be
summit clash at Incheon on Wednesday. strengthened to increase the current
ii. Mary Kom defeated Shekerbekova 2-0 speed of trains to 160 kilo meter per
in a evenly-contested battle in which the hour.
Kazakh had the initial advantage.
iii. This is India's seventh gold at Incheon, 10. Geete rules out resignation, says
South Korea. Sena still part of NDA
i. Anant Geete, Shiv Sena's lone member
7. Google social network site–Orkut in the Union Cabinet, has said he will not
closed resign as Heavy Industries Minister after
his party decided to continue in NDA
i. Google closed the social networking site despite parting ways with BJP for
Orkut permanently on 30 September Maharashtra polls.
2014. Google announced the decision to ii. BJP earlier snapped ties with its oldest
shut down Orkut in June 2014. partner Shiv Sena after failure of talks on
ii. Old users of Orkut will be able to take seat-sharing in the Maharashtra Assembly
backup of their pictures and posts till elections, ending a 25-year-old ideological
September 2016 and users can export alliance that had survived various
their profile data, community posts and vicissitudes.
photos using Google Takeout. But no one iii. Geete said he had spoken to party
will be able to create new IDs on Orkut chief Uddhav Thackeray on the issue. "I
account. have spoken to Uddhav Thackeray. There
iii. Decision of shutting down Orkut was is no question of resigning. We are a part
taken as its competitor social networking
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of the NDA (National Democratic in their language, the book is being
Alliance). translated by three scholars. The best
translation, which retains the heart of
11. Krishak Express and Lucknow- Gandhi's teachings, has been selected for
Barauni express collided near printing.
Gorakhpur station
i. Barauni bound Lucknow – Barauni 14. Core Sector grows 5.8 % in
express on 30 September 2014 collided August
with the coaches of Lucknow bound i. Eight core industries grew by 5.8 per
Maduadih-Lucknow Krishak Express near cent in August this year as against 4.7 per
Gorakhpur station at Nandnagar railway cent in the same month last year led by
crossing. healthy growth in coal, cement and
ii. The collision led to derailment of four electricity sectors.
coaches of Krishak express in which at ii. According to data released by the
least 12 passengers have been killed and Commerce and Industry Ministry, coal
44 others were injured. sector grew by 13.4 per cent, cement by
10.3 percent and electricity by 12.6 per
12. Union Commerce Ministry cent in August.
cancelled approvals of nine SEZs
i. The Union Commerce Ministry on 29 15. Sarita Devi refuses Asiad medal
September 2014 cancelled approvals of
nine special economic zones (SEZs), i. Indian boxer L Sarita Devi on October 1,
including that of Hindalco Industries, 2014 stunned officials and spectators by
Essar and Adani. refusing to accept the bronze medal,
ii. The other developers whose SEZs were which is now in the custody of organizers
cancelled include Chennai Business Park, ii. Sarita had lost her semi-final bout in
Integrated Warehousing Kandla Project controversial circumstances and had to be
Development and Gujarat Industrial content with the bronze medal in the
Development Corporation. women's light weight (57-60kg) event of
iii. As per SEZ rules 2005, formal approval the 17th Asian Games on September 30.
is valid for a period of three years, by India later lodged an official protest with
which time at least one unit has to the Amateur International Boxing
commence production and the zone Association's technical jury team. But the
becomes operational from the date of protest was rejected.
commencement of such production. iii. The 32-year-old Indian lost 0-3 in an
unanimous decision to South Korea's Jina
13. Mahatma Gandhi's book “My Park at the Seonhak Gymnasium. Sarita
Experiments with Truth” now in lost on points against Park in a bout
Kashmiri, Punjabi where she was the dominant boxer.
i. Largest selling book of Mahatma Gandhi
“My Experiments with Truth” will now be 16. Indian economy to grow at 5.5
available in Kashmiri and Punjabi percent in current fiscal, estimates
language from today. ESCAP
ii. The Kashmiri and Punjabi translation of i. United Nation Economic and Social
the famous autobiography of Mahatma Commission for Asia and the Pacific,ESCAP
Gandhi has been published by Ahmedabad has estimated that the Indian economy
based publication House- Navjeevan will grow at 5.5 percent in the current
Trust- also founded by Mahatma Gandhi. fiscal.
The book will now be available in 17 ii. The report forecast that the Asia -
Indian languages apart from English and Pacific developing economies will grow at
Hindi. 5.8 percent this year
iii. After growing demand from Kashmiris
to print Mahatma Gandhi's autobiography
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for users regardless of which version of
17. Mark Zuckerberg to visit India Windows they are now using.
later this month iii. For instance, the start menu in
i. After Sheryl Sandberg, it’s now the turn Windows 10 will appear similar to what’s
of Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg to found in Windows 7.
visit India, the second biggest market for
the social networking giant, later this 20. Japan's "bullet train" turns 50
month.
ii. Mr. Zuckerberg, who will also meet i. It was 50 years ago 1964, that Japan
Prime Minister Narendra Modi, will be in first introduced the world to the bullet
India to address the first Internet.org train, also known as Shinkansen. The
summit taking place on October 9-10 in country's high-speed rail network helped
New Delhi. transport Japan to the top tier of world
iii. The young billionaire is expected to economies.
meet members of other key ministries as
well.
iv. Mr. Zuckerberg is the third high profile
CEO of a US-based corporation, after
2-3rd Day Oct Current Affairs
Amazon’s Jeff Bezos and Micrsoft’s Satya
Nadella, to visit India in last few days. 1. Dussehra is being celebrated
across the country
18. Tintu Luka claims 800m silver in i. The festival of Vijaya Dashmi is being
Asiad celebrated with religious fervour and
gaiety throughout the country today. The
i. Indian sprinter Tintu Luka clocked her festival marks the victory of good over
season’s best to clinch a silver medal in evil.
the 800m women’s race of the 17th Asian
Games in Incheon on Wednesday. ii. President Pranab Mukherjee, Vice
ii. Luka clocked 1:59.19s to better the President Hamid Ansari and Prime Minister
bronze medal she had won in this event in Narendra Modi have greeted the nation on
the previous edition of the Games in this occasion. In the national capital the
Guangzhou. traditional Ramlila will come to an end
iii. The gold was won by Kazakhstan’s with the burning of effigies of Ravan,
Mukasheva Margarita, who broke the two- Meghnad and Kumbhkaran. Prime Minister
decade-old Games record of 1:59.85s with Narendra Modi will participate in the
a timing of 1:59.02s. functions to be held in Subhash Maidan
iv. China’s Zhao Jing settled for the and Ramlila Maidan.
bronze medal after finishing the race in
1:59.48s, which also happened to be her 2. Rajasthan becomes first state to
personal best. start olive refinery
i. Rajasthan today started the country’s
19. Microsoft unveils Windows 10 first olive refinery and expressed hope
Operating System that it would be able to fulfil the country’s
demand of olive oil in coming years.
i. Microsoft Corp. on Tuesday announced ii. Chief Minister Vasundhara Raje
its 'Windows 10' Operating System to inaugurated the refinery set up with a cost
replace the largely unpopular Windows 8, of Rs. 3.75 crore in Lunkaransar area in
skipping a number to mark a leap toward the district and said it was an
unifying the way people work on tablets, achievement for Rajasthan to become the
phones and traditional computers. first state in the country to set up such
ii. Microsoft is restoring some of the more refinery.
traditional ways of doing things and iii. The olive oil produced in the refinery
promises that Windows 10 will be familiar will be marked under the brand name of
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‘Raj Olive Oil’ and will be available in iv. For the men's kabaddi team, it was not
markets after some time. a cakewalk. They literally overcame a
scare from Iran before notching up a 27-
3. Australian fighter jets to join 25 win in a thrilling final. It was their
military action against Islamic States seventh successive gold medal in the
militants in Iraq event.
i. The Australian Cabinet has given its v. Hammer thrower Manju Bala's medal
approval for fighter jets to join the US-led was upgraded from bronze to silver after a
military action against Islamic State Chinese competitor who finished ahead of
militants targets in Iraq. Prime Minister her was caught for doping.
Tony Abbott said IS was a death cult that vi. With two gold medals coming on
had declared war on the world and must Friday, India were placed eighth on the
be stopped. table with a total haul of 57 medals - 11
ii. The US and Arab allies have been gold,10 silver and 36 bronze.
bombing IS targets in Syria and Iraq for
the past fortnight. European countries 6. India Men’s Kabaddi Team bag
have been attacking only Iraqi sites. seventh successive gold in Asian
iii. The UN says the militant Islamists Games,
have committed a staggering array of i. Six-time defending champions India
human rights abuses. retain the seventh gold medal in Asian
Games after they narrowly edge past the
4. Former News of the World editor Ian determined Iranian side in this rematch of
Edmondson admits to phone hacking 2010 Guangzhou Asian Games.
i. A former news editor at Rupert ii. The Indian side got off to the worst
Murdoch’s now-defunct tabloid News of possible start of the tournament in
the World on Friday admitted to hacking Incheon but came back roaring to win the
phones of celebrities such as Jude Law gold medal in the 17th edition of Asian
and Paul McCartney while at the Games.
newspaper, becoming the eighth person to iii. India beat Iran by 27-25 in this
be convicted in connection with the case. mouth-watering title clash. Earlier, it was
ii. Ian Edmondson, 45, is likely to receive the women’s team that made India proud
a custodial sentence after pleading guilty by also wining the gold medal in their
at the Old Bailey court in London. match also against Iranian side.
iii. Edmondson illegally intercepted the
voicemails of two Home Secretaries, ex- 7. Women's kabaddi team bags gold
Beatle Sir Paul McCartney and actors Jude at Asiad
Law and Sienna Miller. i. The Indian women's kabaddi team
notched up its second successive gold
5. Asian Games: India placed eighth medal at the Asian Games, beating Iran
with total haul of 57 medals 31-21 in the summit clash on Friday.
i. India have brought the curtains down ii. India thus maintained their supremacy
on their campaign in the 17th Asian in women's kabaddi, which made its Asiad
Games, maintaining their domination of debut in the previous edition in
kabaddi with two gold medals. Guangzhou.
ii. On the penultimate day of competitions
at Incheon on day, India rose a rung to 8. Indian women clinch gold in
eighth in the overall medal standings. 4x400m relay at Asian Games 2014
iii. The women's kabaddi team won their i. India continued their stranglehold in
title-match against Iran quite comfortably women's 4x400m relay event in the Asian
by a 31-21 margin, to maintain their Games as its quartet ran a brilliant race to
supremacy for the second edition running, win the gold for the fourth time on the
having clinched gold when the event made trot in Games record time in the 17th
its debut four years ago in Guangzhou. edition in Incheon on Thursday.
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ii. The quartet of Priyanka Panwar, Tintu Kong-based South China Morning Post
Luka, Mandeep Kaur and M.R. Poovamma said quoting US media reports.
won an easy race in 3:28.68 to improve iii. The DF-31B is an upgraded version of
upon the earlier Games record of 3:29.02 the DF-31A and the launch was at least
which was also in the name of the gold- the second time the PLA’s Second Artillery
winning Indian team in 2010. Corps had tested a DF-31 missile in the
iii. This was the second gold for India past three months.
from athletics after Seema Punia bagged
the yellow metal in women's discus throw. 3. Prime Minister connected to
people over radio with programme,
4th Day Oct -2014 Current Affairs Mann Ki Baat
i. Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 3
1. India sign off 8th in Asiad medals October 2014 addressed the countrymen
tally over radio for the first time in his
i. India on Saturday ended their 17th programme Mann Ki Baat. Mann ki Baat is
Asian Games campaign at the eighth spot a new initiative of Modi to reach out to
on the medals tally, a drop of two maximum populace
positions from the previous edition of the ii. In his address, he advocated for use of
mega-event which drew to a close. Khadi products as homage to Mahatma
ii. India signed off with 57 medals -- 11 Gandhi and said that the use of Khadi at
gold, 10 silver and 36 bronze. The tally least as a handkerchief or bed sheet
dipped considerably compared to the 2010 would benefit poor and light the lamp of
edition in Guangzhou, China. prosperity in their house. He also
iii. In 2010, the country had ended sixth impressed upon people to generate
with 65 medals -- 14 gold, 17 silver and confidence among them including the
34 bronze. specially-able children.
iv. As expected China ended their iii. He promised to make such radio
campaign on top claiming a whopping 342 broadcast a regular affair and invited
medals. ideas from the citizens while noting that
v. The Chinese contingent walked away he had been receiving a number of
with 151 gold, 108 silver and 83 bronze suggestions since it was announced that
medals. he would be addressing the nation over
vi. Hosts South Korea finished a distant radio.
second with 234 medals -- 79 gold, 71
silver and 77 bronze. 4. 32 people killed in Stampede at
vii. They were followed by the Japanese, Patna’s Gandhi Maidan
who notched up 200 medals, including 47 i. A stampede occurred at Gandhi Maidan
gold, 76 silver and 77 bronze. in Patna during the Ram Leela ceremony
on 3 October 2014. In the stampede at
2. China test fires 10,000-km range least 32 people were killed and about 15
nuclear missile were injured. The injured have been
i. China has flight tested an upgraded admitted to the Patna Medical College and
version of its 10,000-km range Dongfeng Hospital (PMCH).
missile which can reach most of the US ii. The tragedy occurred at the time when
and European cities, demonstrating its people were returning from the ground
nuclear capability, media reports said. after watching the Ravan Vadh (killing of
ii. The People’s Liberation Army (PLA) demon king) ceremony.
launched a Dongfeng-31B on September iii. After the incident the state and union
25, days before its October 1 National Day government announced a relief
from the Wuzhai Missile and Space Test compensation of 3 lakh rupees and 2 lakh
Centre, also called Taiyuan Satellite rupees, respectively for the families of the
Launch Centre in Shanxi province, Hong dead. Apart from this, the State Home
Secretary and Additional Director General
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of Police have ordered a high level probe vi. Some trains which have been identified
into the incident. The probe team has for implementation of the scheme are
been asked to submit the report within 24 Hyderabad-New Delhi Andhra Pradesh
hours. Express, Hyderabad-Hazrat Nizamuddin
Dakshin Express, Secunderabad-Howrah
5. British aid worker Alan Henning Falaknuma Express, Kacheguda-Bangalore
beheaded by ISIS militants Express and Secunderabad-Patna
i. The British aid worker, Alan Henning Express.
was beheaded by Islamic State of Iraq
and Syria (ISIS) militants. The militants 5-6th Day Oct -2014 Current Affairs
group fighting in Iraq and Syria on 3 1. Eid-ul-Azha is being celebrated
October 2014 posted a video that shows,
the British-accented Jihadist known as i. Eid-ul-Azha is being celebrated in the
Jihadi John beheading Henning. national capital and across the nation with
ii. Henning, a 47-year-old from Muslims offering special prayers in
Manchester in England was kidnapped in Eidgahs and mosques and sacrificing
December 2013. He volunteered to help animals, even as security arrangement
drive an aid convoy to Syria for a Muslim was stepped up ahead of the festival.
country.
iii. Henning is the second British national ii. President Pranab Mukherjee and Vice
and fourth Western hostage killed in the President Hamid Ansari on Sunday
same manner. Apart from Henning other greeted citizens on the eve of Eid-ul-Zuha,
three are David Haines (a Briton), James saying people should imbibe the spirit of
Foley (American) and Steven Sotloff universal love and brotherhood for
(American). prosperity of the nation and the world.
iii. I convey greetings and best wishes to
6. Half of tatkal tickets on 80 trains all fellow citizens, especially my Muslim
to be costlier brothers and sisters," Mukherjee said,
i. Half of the tatkal tickets on 80 trains noting that the festival symbolizes
have become costlier with the railways sacrifice, faith and devotion.
deciding to partially implement the
dynamic fare system under which charges 2. Nobel prize in medicine awarded
will depend on demand. to trio for discovering brain's 'GPS'
ii. The decision, clearly aimed at mopping
up more revenues by the cash-strapped i. The Nobel Prize for physiology or
railways, comes in the midst of festival medicine has been awarded to three
season when there is a big rush of train scientists who discovered the brain's GPS
travellers. system. British-American researcher John
iii. "It has been decided that 50 per cent O'Keefe and a Norwegian couple, Edvard
of the existing tatkal quota ticket shall be Moser and May-Britt Moser share the
sold under dynamic fare scheme," said a award.
senior Railway Ministry official on ii. They discovered how the brain knows
Thursday. where we are and is able to navigate from
iv. As per the scheme, 50 percent of one place to another. Their findings may
tatkal quota tickets would be sold under help explain why in Alzheimer's disease
the existing system and the subsequent patients cannot recognise their
50 percent under 'premium tatkal' quota surroundings.
of dynamic pricing. It will mean more the
demand, more the cost. 3. New York Times issued Apology
v. The 'Premium Tatkal Ticket' scheme will for Racist Cartoon on India's Mars
be applicable to 80 trains from 1st Mission
October and like Premium train, the
scheme will be available online only.
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i. A reputed newspaper of United States, v. The telescope will be larger than
The New York Times issued an apology to Japan’s Subaru Telescope, one of the
its readers for its racist cartoon on India’s world’s biggest, which was also built on
Mars Mission. the summit of Mauna Kea and started
ii. In its apology, it clarified that it in no observation in 1999.
way was trying to impugn India.
iii. The apology was published on the New 5. West Bengal government
York Times Facebook page in response to constituted task force to probe into
criticism from many quarters. Burdwan blast
iv. The clarification issued by Andrew i. The State Government of West Bengal
Rosenthal, Editorial Page Editor reads that constituted a high-level composite Task
readers have complained about a recent Force to investigate into the blasts at
editorial cartoon in the International New Khagragarh in Burdwan District. The
York Times about India’s foray into space blasts occurred on 2 October 2014 in
exploration. It said that the cartoonist which two persons were killed.
Heng Kim Song’s intent after the cartoon ii. This high-level task force will be headed
was to highlight that how exploration of the Director General of Police GM P Reddy
space is no longer the exclusive domain of and will also co-ordinate with various
rich, Western countries. investigating agencies like CID, Kolkata
police and others probing the blast.
Problem with the cartoon iii. Apart from this, the state government
i. The cartoon showed a farmer is also keeping close touch with the
accompanied by a cow knocking on the National Investigating Agency (NIA) on
door of the Elite Space Club where two the matter.
men sit reading a newspaper which has
India's space mission on the front page. 6. Dhoni is ISL team Chennaiyin FC
ii. It means that still India and Indians are co-owner
considered as cattle-rearing folks.
iii. It became an ironic after Prime Minister i. After the likes of Sachin Tendulkar and
Narendra Modi declared to the world at Virat Kohli, Mahendra Singh Dhoni has
Madison Square Garden that we were no become the latest cricketer to own a
longer a country of snake-charmers. football team in the high-profile Indian
Super League, investing in the Chennaiyin
4. India among five nations to build FC ahead of the event starting October
world's largest telescope 12.
ii. Dhoni, the current Indian cricket
i. India along with Japan, the US, China captain, has pencilled a deal to be a co-
and Canada will start work on the world’s owner of Chennaiyin FC along with
biggest telescope on Hawaii Island that Bollywood actor Abhishek Bachchan.
will enable to identify an object as small iii. “Dhoni has signed a deal to become a
as coin from a distance of 500 kms. co-owner of Chennaiyin FC,” a source
ii. The 30-meter telescope will be from IMG-Reliance, the organisers of the
established near the summit of the Mauna much-anticipated league told PTI.
Kea volcano with a cost of $1.4 billion. iv. The ISL kicks off on October 12 in
iii. The construction is expected to be Kolkata while the final will be held on
completed by March 2022. Japan is December 20.
expected to cover about a quarter of the
construction costs. 7. Novak Djokovic beats Tomas
iv. To mark the start of construction, 100 Berdych to win fifth China Open
astronomers and officials from the five
countries are scheduled to attend a i. World number one Novak Djokovic
ceremony on October 7 at a location claimed his fifth China Open title with a
4,012 meters high on Mount Mauna Kea.
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straight set demolition of Czech Tomas 7th Day Oct -2014 Current Affairs
Berdych.
ii. Djokovic beat Berdych in a straight set 1. FinMin may amend RBI Act for
by 6-0, 6-2. Djokovic said that it was appointing 5th Deputy Gov, COO
probably his best performance in all the
finals in his career, adding that it was i. The Finance Ministry is considering
extremely incredible. amendments to the RBI Act 1934 to
enable the central bank appoint a fifth
8. Sharapova beat Kvitova to claim Deputy Governor and a Chief Operating
China Open titles Officer (COO).
i. Russian Maria Sharapova overcame ii. Finance Ministry sources confirmed that
Czech Petra Kvitova 6-4 2-6 6-3 in the both the sides had reached an informal
final of the China Open to claim the title agreement to appoint a COO and create
and move up to number two in the world the post of a fifth Deputy Governor in the
rankings on Sunday. RBI, but with a condition.
ii. Wimbledon Open champion Kvitova iii. The condition is that COO would be
broke her opponent in the very first game from among the two Deputy Governors
but Sharapova showed greater intensity from the RBI’s quota, while the key
towards the end to prevail in a contest criteria for appointment of fifth Deputy
that lasted two hours and 28 minutes. Governor would be a person with at least
25 years of experience in public
9. Oliver Wilson win first European administration and governance,” a senior
golf title Finance Ministry official said.
iv. The COO’s appointment is part of the
i. World number 792 Oliver Wilson held on RBI’s human resources (HR) restructuring
to win his first European golf title at the exercise. The proposal envisages grouping
Alfred Dunhill Links Championship, various departments into five clusters to
beating world number one Rory McIlroy by be headed be a Deputy Governor.
one stroke on 17 under par. v. The proposal also talks about creation
ii. The Englishman, making his 228th of an additional position of a COO in the
start, finished ahead of a chasing pack to rank of Deputy Governor to head one of
win by one stroke on 17 under par. He the five functional clusters.
played in the 2008 Ryder Cup but lost his
European Tour card in 2012 and needed 2. India ranks 18th on list of most
an invite to play at St Andrews. desirable places to work: BCG
i. India has been ranked 18th globally on
10. World Junior Chess Championship the list of most desirable destinations to
begins in Pune work, even as 70-80 per cent of Indians
i. The World Junior Chess Championship are willing to work in an overseas location,
began in Pune today with a glittering says a new report.
ceremony attended by eminent dignitaries ii. The US has been ranked on the top,
from the sporting world, entertainment followed by the UK, Canada, Germany and
and corporate world. Switzerland, making them the five most
ii. The tournament will be played till 19th desirable countries to work on the list
October and will be conducted in the compiled by the Boston Consulting Group,
Swiss League format, comprising of 13 total jobs.com, and The Network.
rounds with one round scheduled each iii. The other countries in the top 10,
day. where foreigners said they would like to
iii. Gujrathi will lead the Indian challenge work include – France (6th), Australia
in the Open and Padmini Rout in the girls' (7th), Spain (8th), Italy (9th) and Sweden
championship. They pose serious threats (10th).
for the more fancied players in both
championships to be held simultaneously.
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iv. As a desirable work destination, India iii. Cognizant has large presence in India.
was ranked 18th among G20 nations. Its Healthcare and Life Sciences Practice
v. The Asia Pacific region does not group will manage the acquired company.
generate as much interest as a possible iv. Cognizant serves 28 of the top 30
work destination as the US or Europe, global pharmaceutical companies, 16 of
largely because of the perceived difficulty the top 20 health plans in the US, four of
of learning Asian Language, the report the top five pharmacy benefit
said, but noted “some fast growing Asian management companies in the US, nine of
countries are starting to reclaim workers the top 10 biotech companies, and 12 of
they have lost.” the top 15 medical device companies.
vi. Globally, one in every five participants v. The company’s has reported $8.843
already has international work experience billion full year revenue for 2013. Annual
and almost 64 per cent said they would be revenue of its Healthcare and Life
willing to go to another country for work. Sciences Practice group is about $2.5
billion.
3. Indian economy to grow 6.4% in
2015-16: World Bank 5. Phelps banned for six months, no
i. Indian economy, which accounts for 80 2015 worlds
per cent of South Asia’s output, is set to i. Michael Phelps, the 18-time Olympic
grow by 6.4 per cent in 2015-16 as swim champion arrested last week for
against 5.6 per cent in 2014-15, the drink driving, was banned for six months
World Bank has said. by USA Swimming and dropped from the
ii. With economic activity buoyed by 2015 World Championships.
expectations from the new elected ii. Monday's punishments came six days
government of Prime Minister Narendra after Phelps was apprehended by police in
Modi, “India is benefiting from a “Modi his hometown of Baltimore and charged
dividend“,” the Bank said in its twice-a- with driving under the influence of alcohol,
year South Asia Economic Focus report excessive speed and crossing the center
yesterday. line while driving inside a tunnel.
iii. Over the next year or so economic iii. The discipline meted out, which
growth should be supported by the includes forfeiture of Phelps' funding from
recovering US economy that would the federation for six months, is based on
provide a market for Indian merchandise USA Swimming rules that prohibit conduct
and service exports, it said. "detrimental to the image or reputation"
iv. “The outlook over the next years for of USA Swimming or the sport.
South Asia indicates broad economic iv. Phelps will still be allowed to train with
stability and a pick-up in growth with his club, but cannot compete in USA
potential risks concentrated on the fiscal Swimming-sanctioned competitions
and structural reform side,” said Martin through March 6, 2015.
Rama, Chief Economist for South Asia at
the World Bank. 6. Nokia to shut down its Chennai
factory from Nov. 1
4. Cognizant acquires digital i. Telecom gear maker Nokia on Tuesday
marketing firm Cadient said that it will shut down its Chennai
i. Nasdaq-listed IT company Cognizant has plant from November 1 as Microsoft has
acquired digital marketing company terminated mobile purchase agreement
Cadient Group, that serves a broad from the factory and it is left with no
spectrum of life sciences companies, for business.
an estimated $30 million. ii. “Microsoft has informed Nokia that it
ii. Cadient clients are spread across will be terminating the manufacturing
pharmaceutical, biotechnology, consumer services defined in the agreement with
health and medical device industries. effect from November 1, 2014. In absence
of further orders from Microsoft, Nokia will
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suspend handset production at the in Japan and the US for the invention of
Sriperumbudur facility from 1st blue light emitting diodes (LEDs).
November,” Nokia said in a statement. ii. Professors Isamu Akasaki, Hiroshi
iii. In September 2013, Nokia announced Amano and Shuji Nakamura made the
it would sell its devices and services first blue LEDs in the early 1990s.
(D&S) business, including assets in India, iii. This enabled a new generation of
to Microsoft for $ 7.2 billion by March bright, energy-efficient white lamps, as
2014. well as colour LED screens.
iv. The deal was completed on April 25 but iv. The winners will share prize money of
Chennai facility could not be transferred to eight million kronor (£0.7m).
Microsoft because of legal issues related v. They were named at a press conference
to tax demand by the government. in Sweden, and join a prestigious list of
v. Nokia started manufacturing in Chennai 196 other Physics laureates recognized
from January 2006 and exported to since 1901.
markets including the Middle East and
Africa, Asia, Australia and New Zealand 2. Two Americans and a German
from there. won the Nobel Prize in chemistry
i. Eric Betzig, Stefan W
7. UK and Ireland inked single visa Hell and William E Moerner are
deal awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
i. Britain and Ireland inked a 2014 for having bypassed this limit. Due
Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on to their achievements the optical
new joint Visa cooperation. The microscope can now peer into the
agreement was signed at the Irish nanoworld.
Embassy in London by UK home secretary ii. Two Americans and a German won the
Theresa May and Irish Justice Minister Nobel Prize in chemistry this year for their
Frances Fitzgerald. work on optical microscopy that has
ii. According to the MoU that was ratified opened up our understanding of molecules
by the British and Irish governments, the by allowing us to see how they work close
non-European travelers to these nations up.
will be provided with a common short-stay iii. The winners are Eric Betzig, Stefan W.
visa. With this short-stay visa, travelers Hell and William E. Moerner, the Nobel
from outside the European Union will be committee in Sweden announced
allowed to move freely between the two Wednesday.
jurisdictions on a single permit. iv. Back in 1873, science believed it had
iii. This visa deal will help the two reached a limit in how much more of a
countries in sharing data and exchange detailed picture a microscope could
information to inform and determine provide. At the time, microscopist Ernst
immigration decisions, which will also ease Abbe said the maximum resolution had
the visitors of the two nations been attained.
iv. India and China will be the first two
non-EU countries that will be benefited 3. India to grow 5.6% this year, 6.4
from the new regime. The British-Irish % in 2015: IMF
Visa Scheme would start in China by the i. The International Monetary Fund has
end of October 2014 and in India soon forecast 5.6 percent growth rate for India
afterwards. this year and a higher 6.4 per cent next
year.
8th Day Oct -2014 Current Affairs ii. The IMF said this in its latest World
Economic Outlook report yesterday citing
1. Invention of blue LEDs wins renewed confidence in the market due to
physics Nobel a series of economic reforms being
i. The 2014 Nobel Prize for physics has undertaken by the Government.
been awarded to a trio of scientists
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iii. In China, the report said, growth will
remain at 7.4 percent this year and is
projected to be of 7.1 per cent in 2015. 9th Day Oct-2014 Current Affairs
4. Exim Bank extends $7.76 mn line of 1. France's Patrick Modiano wins
credit to Cuban Bank literature Nobel
i. Export-Import Bank of India has, at the i. Patrick Modiano of France, who has
behest of the Government of India, made a lifelong study of the Nazi
extended two additional Lines of Credit occupation and its effect on his country,
[LOCs] to Banco Exterior De Cuba, Cuba was awarded the Nobel Prize in literature
aggregating $7.76 million. on Thursday.
ii. While one LOC (for $2.71 million) is for ii. The Swedish Academy gave the 8
financing the setting up of a bulk blending million kronor (USD 1.1 million) prize to
fertilizer plant, the other (for $5.05 Modiano "for the art of memory with
million) is for financing the modernisation which he has evoked the most
of an injectable products plant. ungraspable human destinies and
iii. With the signing of the above two LOC uncovered the life-world of the
Agreements, Exim Bank, till date, has occupation."
extended three Lines of Credit to Cuba, at iii. Modiano, 69, whose novel "Missing
the behest of the Government of India, Person" won the prestigious Prix Goncourt
taking the total value of LOCs extended to in 1978 was born in a west Paris suburb
$12.76 million. two months after World War II ended in
iv. Under the LOC, Exim Bank will Europe in July 1945.
reimburse 100 per cent of contract value iv. His father was of Jewish Italian origins
to the Indian exporters, upfront upon and met his Belgian actress mother during
shipment of goods. The LOC will be used the occupation of Paris.
for sourcing of goods and services from v. He has published more than 40 works
India. in French, some of which have been
translated into English, including "Ring of
5. Georgetown University appoints Roads: A Novel," ''Villa Triste," ''A Trace of
Pratima Dharm as first Hindu priest Malice," and "Honeymoon."
i. The Georgetown University has vi. He has also written children's books
appointed its first Hindu priest —a woman and film scripts and made the 1974
— to serve the religious needs of its Hindu feature movie "Lacombe, Lucien" with
students, whose number has increased in director Louis Malle.
recent years. vii. He was a member of the jury at the
ii. Pratima Dharm, who recently retired as Cannes Film Festival in 2000.
the first Hindu chaplain in the U.S. Army, viii. Literature was the fourth of this
has been appointed as the first Hindu year's Nobel prizes. The prize is named
chaplain at the Georgetown University, a after Alfred Nobel, the inventor of
move welcomed by the Hindu students of dynamite, and has been awarded since
this top private research university. 1901 for achievements in science,
iii. Founded in 1789, it is the oldest Jesuit literature and peace in accordance with
and Catholic university in the U.S. his will.
iv. Ms. Dharm began her new assignment
at Georgetown on October 1, 2014, the 2. Finance Ministry allocates Rs 520
university said in a media statement. crore to NABARD
v. Previously she served on Army bases i. The Union Finance Ministry has allocated
and hospitals around the world, including 520 crore rupees to NABARD to create
a yearlong deployment in Iraq. warehousing infrastructure for agricultural
commodities in West Bengal.
ii. Giving this information in Kolkata, the
Chief General Manager of NABARD, Smt.
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T.S.Raji Gain said that after West Bengal, 5. Union MNRE signed MoU for
Madhya Pradesh has got 500 crore rupees setting up first-ever Offshore Wind
for the said purpose. Power Project in India
i. Union Ministry of New and Renewable
3. Railways' Revenue earnings up Energy (MNRE) signed a Memorandum of
by over 12 per cent Understanding (MoU) on 1 October 2014
i. Railways revenue earnings have gone for setting up a Joint Venture Company to
up by over 12 per cent during first six undertake the first-ever Offshore Wind
months of this fiscal. Power Project in India along the Gujarat
ii. The total approximate earnings during coast.
the period were about Rs. 73,404 crore ii. he offshore wind power project along
compared to Rs. 65,526 crore during the the Gujarat coast will be of about 100 MW
same period last year. capacity.
iii. The total earnings from goods during iii. Subsidy to be provided for setting up
the period were about Rs. 48,772 crore as of evacuation and transmission
against Rs. 44,162 crore during the same infrastructure including financial support
period last year, registering an increase of for carrying out studies such as wind
10.44 per cent. resource assessment, Environment Impact
iv. However, the total approximate Assessment (EIA), oceanographic survey
number of passengers booked during this and Bathymetric studies.
period were around 4253 million
compared to 4255 million during the same 6. Facebook founder Mark
period last year, showing a decrease of Zuckerberg arrived in New Delhi, to
0.06 per cent. meet PM tomorrow
i. ounder of social site Facebook, Mark
4. Bandhan Bank appoints FIS Intl Zuckerberg arrived in New Delhi on a two
to develop core banking tool day visit from 9 October to 10 October
i. The upcoming Bandhan Bank has 2014.
appointed FIS International, one of the ii. His aim behind the visit is to take help
largest banking and payments technology of India in connecting people of the world.
solutions provider globally, to develop its iii. During his visit, one of his big
core banking software solutions. engagements is his meet with Prime
ii. According to a release issued by FIS, Minister Narendra Modi. Modi as a person
the global major will help Bandhan by is a supporter of social media as he thinks
providing and managing a fully integrated that it is a mean to reach out to people.
banking and payments platform through a iv. In terms of users, India is the second-
totally outsourced delivery model. largest market of social network outside
iii. This will include the core banking, the US but one that generates little
channel solutions, treasury, trade finance, revenue.
and an entire suite of payments services v. Zuckerberg said that even in developed
that includes debit card management and countries, about 25 percent women are
interback connectivity. not connected with social media as
iv. Bandhan, the country’s largest micro- compared to men. Whereas, in context of
finance institution, was granted an “in- India about 69 percent people are not
principle” banking licence by the Reserve connected with the social network and as
Bank of India earlier this year. they don’t know that they can connect
v. Bandhan is expected to start banking with the world through internet.
operations by September 2015 with about
600 branches and operations across 27 7. Ocean Health Index for the year
states. 2014 released
i. Ocean Health Index (OHI) 2014 was
released by the National Centre for
Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (NCEAS)
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at UC Santa Barbara, Califronia, US on 30 experience. We would like to share these
September 2014. The Index, third in the with India, together with state-of-the-art
series, was released in partnership with solutions developed by German
Conservation International. companies. We also want to help to raise
ii. As per the OHI 2014, the overall health public awareness," he said.
score of the Oceans of the world stands at
67 out of 100. 10. India likely to have 600 million
iii. The third annual OHI for the first time broadband users by 2020: Ericsson
includes scores for Antarctica and the i. The mobile broadband subscriber base
Southern Ocean plus the 15 other ocean in India could grow to 600 million by 2020
regions beyond national jurisdiction (high from around 100 million now with 20 per
seas areas). cent of them using 4G, according to a
white paper released here by Ericsson.
8. India overthrow from No. 1 spot ii. The report says the share of data in the
in ICC ODI ranking overall revenue of telecom operators will
i. India’s thrashing at the hands of the rise from 10-12 per cent in 2013 to 35-40
visiting West Indies team in the first ODI per cent in 2020, forcing operators to
at Kochi, has dethroned it from the top make substantial investment to improve
tanking in the ODI format of the infrastructure.
ICC. South Africa replaces India at the iii. “Mobile broadband will be the platform
top with 113 points. on which the ‘Digital India’ vision can be
ii. India and Australia are at second and delivered. For this, we will need the
third places respectively. However, release of additional spectrum in the
Australia has a chance to climb up in the relevant bands. This will contribute to
ranking if it wins the remaining ODIs affordability of services, and
against Pakistan. The Kangaroos play harmonization of spectrum will allow a
Pakistan in Dubai tomorrow. lower-cost device ecosystem to evolve.
iv. On the occasion, Ericsson announced
9. German Ambassador lauds PM; the Indian launch of two new products to
extends support to Ganga mission optimise indoor coverage — the Radio
i. German Ambassador to India Michael Dot System and the RBS6402
Steiner on Thursday hailed Prime Minister picocell — thereby, completing its Small
Narendra Modi for his ambitious 'Clean Cell Portfolio for the Indian market.
India campaign' and Ganga rejuvenation
plan while extending his country's full 11. Veteran journalist M V Kamath
support to the missions. passes away, PM condoles death
ii. "Prime Minister Narendra Modi's Ganga i. Veteran journalist M V Kamath died at
rejuvenation priority is an excellent his native place Manipal in Karnataka on
example that India is thinking big. Clean Thursday after a brief illness.
Ganga Fund is a brilliant idea," Steiner ii. He was 93 and was admitted to
said at the inauguration of three-day trade hospital for the past few days.
exhibition IFAT India 2014, organised by iii. Kamath, former chairman of Prasar
trade show company Messe Munchen's Bharti and recipient of Padma Bhushan,
IFAT India. was born in Udupi on 7th September
iii. The German Ambassador said his 1921.
country is standing ready to support
India's mission towards clean Ganga, 12. ISRO's PSLV-C26 to be launched
adding that a German scoping mission has on Oct 16
already started working in this regard this i. The launch of ISRO's Polar Satellite
week. Launch Vehicle, PSLV-C26, is now
iv. Major clean-up efforts of all scheduled for October 16 from Satish
stakeholders in Germany generated Dhawan Space Centre SHAR, Sriharikota.
technical know-how and decades-old
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ii. The launch window of the mission the grave exploitation of children for
opens at 01:32 hours Indian Standard financial gain,” the Nobel committee said.
Time (IST) and lasts till 01:47 hours IST. iv. At the age of just 17, Malala is the
The lift-off is scheduled at the opening of youngest recipient of the prize.
the launch window at 01:32 hours IST. v. The teenager was shot in the head by
iii. PSLV-C26 will carry the 1,425 kg Taliban gunmen in October 2012 for
Indian Navigation Satellite IRNSS-1C. campaigning for girls' education. She now
iv. IRNSS-1C, the third satellite of the lives in Birmingham in the UK
Indian Regional Navigation Satellite vi. The Nobel committee praised the pair's
System, has already been integrated with "struggle against the suppression of
PSLV-C26 and the final phase of checks is children and young people".
progressing. vii. Reacting to the news, Mr Satyarthi
told: "It's a great honour for all the
13. India among top 5 financial Indians, it's an honour for all those
contributors to Ebola response children who have been still living in
i. India is among the top five contributors slavery despite of all the advancement in
to the UN Ebola response with a technology, market and economy."And I
contribution of U.S. $ 12.5 million, dedicate this award to all those children in
according to a fact sheet released by U.S. the world."
Secretary of State John Kerry here. viii. This year there were 278 nominees
ii. The U.S. with U.S. $ 113.8 million tops for the prize, more than any other year till
the list to the UN Ebola response. It is now. The major contenders for the prize
followed by the European Union ($ 55.5 this year were Pope Francis, the first non-
million), Canada ($ 31.9 million), European Pope in modern times; Denis
Netherlands ($ 21 million) and India with Mukwege, a Congolese leader who worked
$12.5 million. with rape victims; and UN Secretary
iii. The world’s largest outbreak of Ebola General Ban Ki-moon
has killed 3,865 people out of 8,033
infected so far this year, according to the
WHO’s latest count. 2. India’s first national policy on
mental health launched
i. The union health ministry on Friday
10th Day Oct-2014 Current Affairs launched the country’s first ever mental
health policy to provide access to good
1. Malala, Kailash Satyarthi win quality treatment to mentally ill people
Nobel Peace Prize 2014 with the focus on those living in poverty.
ii. The policy, launched by Union Health
i. Kailash Satyarthi, the child rights Minister Harsh Vardhan, is backed up by
activist from India, and Malala Yousufzai, the “Mental Health Action Plan 365” which
the activist for girls education in Pakistan, spells out the specific roles to be played
were announced as the joint winners of by the Centre, the state governments,
this year's Nobel Peace Prize by the local bodies and civil society
Norwegian Nobel Committee on Friday. organisations.
ii. It is an important point for a Hindu and iii. The new mental health policy’s
a Muslim, an Indian and a Pakistani, to objective is to provide universal access to
join in a common struggle for education mental health care by enhancing
and extremism", said the Committee in a understanding of mental health and
press release. strengthening leadership in the mental
iii. Satyarthi, who runs NGO Bachpan health sector at all levels.
Bachao Aandolan (Save Childhood iv. The World Health Organization has
Movement), has maintained the tradition predicted that about 20 percent of India’s
of Mahatma Gandhi and headed various population would suffer from some form of
forms of peaceful protests, “focusing on mental illness by 2020.
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v. The country has only about 3,500 as well as key domestic players; however,
psychiatrists. Therefore, the government he was more in touch with the internal
is confronted with the problem of lowering figures than the west.
this gap significantly over the next
decade,” he added. 5. Cipla Medpro signed collaboration
pact with Teva for selling drugs in
3. Anoop Jain wins prestigious South Africa
global citizen award i. Cipla Medpro on 9 October 2014
announced that it has inked a
i. A young Indian has won a prestigious collaboration pact with Teva
global citizen award and USD 100,000 Pharmaceuticals of Israel for sales and
cash prize for his work to build community distribution of the latter's drugs in South
sanitation facilities, an area that aligns Africa.
with Prime Minister Narendra Modi's ii. Medpro Pharmaceuticals, a subsidiary of
commitment to ending open defecation, Cipla Medpro and Teva Pharmaceuticals
organisers of the award said. pty of Teva Pharmaceuticals Industries
ii. Anoop Jain was named recipient of the signed a sales and distribution agreement.
2014 Waislitz Global Citizen Award for his The collaboration is a subject to the
"exemplified values of a Global Citizen" approval by the Competition Commission
through his work in founding Humanure of South Africa.
Power (HP) in Bihar in 2011 that builds
community sanitation facilities in rural 6. Leela Samson resigned as
India. Sangeet Natak Akademi chairperson
iii. The award carries a USD 100,000 cash i. Leela Samson resigned as the
prize in recognition to the winner's work in Chairperson of Sangeet Natak Akademi on
making the "world a better place." 30 September 2014. Her resignation has
iv. The announcement of the award co- been accepted by Union Ministry of
incided with Modi's recent visit here when Culture.
he addressed thousands of people at the ii. 62-year-old Samson submitted her
Global Citizen Festival last week in Central resignation as the Chairperson of the
Park. Sangeet Natak Akademi a year before her
v. The organisation said Jain's work term ends.
through Humanure Power aligns with iii. Samson, an eminent Bharatnatyam
Modi's commitment to put a toilet in every dancer was appointed as the chairperson
household and school in India by 2019 - a of the Akademi in August 2010 for a
commitment he reiterated in his remarks period of five years by the Union
on stage at the citizen festival. government.
4. Book titled A Man and a
Motorcycle, How Hamid Karzai Came About Leela Samson
to Power: written by Bette Dam • At present, Samson is also a chairperson
i. A book titled A Man and A Motorcycle, of Central Board of Film Certification
How Hamid Karzai Came to Power written (CBFC) since 2011 and was also director
by Bette Dam was launched in September of Kalakshetra from 2005 onwards.
2014. Bette Dam is a Dutch journalist • In 1995, Leela Samson formed Spanda,
based in Afghanistan. a dance group to review the traditional
ii. The book reveals about the life of vocabulary of Bharatanatyam
former Afghanistan President Hamid • Sanchari and The Flowering Tree are two
Karzai and his journey towards the documentary films made on her works
highest office of the land and the situation
in Afghanistan. 7. Cyclonic storm Hudhud
iii. In the book, Dam writes that Karzai i. Hudhud is in news because is expected
was under a lot of pressure from the west to cross north Andhra Pradesh and
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