Now that the Vehicles are Connected: What Next? - Maxime Flament Chief Technology Officer - 5G-MOBIX
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Now that the Vehicles are Connected:
What Next?
Maxime Flament
Chief Technology Officer
Learn more at WWW.5GAA.ORG
1
5GAA bridges the automotive and telecommunication industries in order
to address society’s connected mobility and road safety needs with
applications such as automated driving, ubiquitous access to services,
integration into intelligent transportation and traffic management
A UTOMOTIVE INDUSTR Y TELECOMMUNICATIONS
Vehicle Platform, Hardware Connectivity and Networking
and Software Solutions Systems, Devices and
Technologies
5GAA unites today 125 members from around the world working together on
all aspects of C-V2X including technology, standards, testing, security,
spectrum, policy, regulations, business models and go-to-market
2
Automotive
Parking house Connectivity Landscape
NB-IoT
Parking house
Parking house Guaranteed
NB-IoT QoS /
C-V2X is a unified NB-IoT NB-IoT
Network Slicing
Backend
Parking house
technology platform NB-IoT
NB-IOT LTE/5G
which integrates: Parking
Edge cloud Backend
Backend
Traffic LTE-M LTE/5G Positioning
• Short-range, lights, LTE/5G Edge
Edgecloud
Cloud V2P
Backend
network-less, direct Edge cloud
road side
Traffic Mobile Edge Computing
LTE/5G LTE/5G
LTE/5G
communications, Traffic
Traffic
infrastructure
lights,
lights,
Edge V2PP2N
cloud
Vulnerable
lights, LTE/5G
LTE/5G V2V via
independent of road
road
side
roadside
side
Traffic V2I
LTE/5G V2X MEC / eMBMS
V2P road
LTE/5G
infrastructure
network coverage
infrastructure lights, users
LTE/5G
V2P
infrastructure LTE/5G
LTE/5G V2V via
road side
Trust
LTE/5G V2X & LTE/5G
V2N/V2V
MEC
infrastructure
via
eMBMS
LTE/5G V2V
LTE/5G VRU & Smart
• Long-range LTE/5G V2X
authentication
MEC / eMBMS
LTE/5G V2V via V2N
LTE/5G V2V
LTE/5G
Devices
cellular network LTE/5G V2X MEC /LTE/5G
eMBMS V2P
LTE/5G V2V LTE/5G V2VV2V
communications Local sensors Local sensors Local sensors
LTE/5G V2V
via 4G/LTE or/and
Local sensors Local sensors Local sensors
5G Local sensors
Local sensors LTE-V2X
Local PC5
sensors
Local sensors(→ NR-V2X)
Local
Localsensors
sensors
Local sensors Local sensors Local sensors
11
3GPP time plan: from LTE-V2X to 5G NR-V2X
❑ Current version of C-V2X is called LTE-V2X as part of 3GPP Rel-14 & 15.
❑ NR-V2X as part of Rel-16 comes as an improvement to support automated driving.
❑ NR-V2X will complement, co-exist and support interworking with LTE-V2X i.e.
operation of NR-V2X alone is not considered.
Rel-8 Rel-12 Rel-14 Rel-15 Rel-16
2008/12 2015/03 2017/03 2018/0 2020/10
6
LTE LTE-D2D LTE-V2X
PC5 improvements
(aggregation, 64QAM,
diversity & short TTI)
NR-V2X
❑ NR-V2X study item started in June 2018.
❑ Subsequent NR-V2X work item by Oct 2020.
12
Global point of view
13
Expected timelines for C-V2X Use Cases
C-V2X Roadmap internal webinar 14
Qualcomm Connected Car Reference Design, Gen 2
®
Qualcomm® SnapdragonTM
Telematics V2X stack
Apps & apps Automotive 4G/5G platforms
Security /
ECDSA1 VEPP2
Rel-15 5G NR Rel-14 LTE
Advanced Pro
Wi-Fi 6
FD-MIMO
Standalone FDD BT5.1
Application Processor Non-standalone TDD Up to 5 aggregated LTE carriers
With telematics SDK
Rel-14/Rel-15 C-V2X
5G / 4G spectrum sharing
Stack VEPP Security Dual SIM Dual Active (DSDA)
apps verifies SDRs PMIC HSM
Multi-frequency GNSS with QDR3
Multicore Multicore Accelerator RF management with envelope tracking
CPU DSP ECDSA
On-board processing with telematics SDK and apps RF ICs +
RF ICs +
antenna RF
IP acceleration (IPA)
antenna
modules front-end Memory
modules
Qualcomm Connected Car Reference Design and Qualcomm Snapdragon Automotive 4G/5G Platforms are products of Qualcomm Technolog ies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries
1. Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm, 2. Vision Enhanced Precise Positioning
Source: Qualcomm,
Announced at the MWC2019, Barcelona
15
Qualcomm Connected Car Reference Design, Gen 2
®
Rel-15 5G® Snapdragon
Qualcomm NR TM Rel-14 LTE
Telematics
Apps
V2X stack
& apps Automotive 4G/5G platforms Advanced Pro
Security /
ECDSA1 VEPP2
Standalone FDD FD-MIMO
Non-standalone Rel-15 5G NR Rel-14 LTE
TDD Up to 5 aggregated LTE carriers
Advanced Pro
Wi-Fi 6
FD-MIMO
Standalone FDD BT5.1
Application Processor Non-standalone TDD Up to 5 aggregated LTE carriers
With telematics SDK
Rel-14/Rel-15 C-V2X
Rel-14/Rel-15 C-V2X
5G / 4G spectrum sharing
Stack
apps
VEPP Security
verifies 5G / 4G spectrum sharing
Dual SIM Dual Active (DSDA)
Multi-frequency GNSS with QDR3
SDRs PMIC HSM
Multicore Multicore Accelerator RF management with envelope tracking
ity CPU DSP ECDSA
Dual SIM Dual Active (DSDA)
On-board processing with telematics SDK and apps RF ICs +
RF ICs +
antenna RF
es antenna
IP acceleration (IPA)
modules front-end Memory
Multi-frequency GNSS with QDR3 modules
Qualcomm Connected Car Reference Design and Qualcomm Snapdragon Automotive 4G/5G Platforms are products of Qualcomm Technolog ies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries
RF management with envelope tracking
1. Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm, 2. Vision Enhanced Precise Positioning
erator Source: Qualcomm,
DSA Announced at the MWC2019, Barcelona
On-board processing with telematics SDK and apps 16
Next Generation Samsung-Harman 5G-ready TCUs
Automotive 5G Products
Alps Alpine Develops, Starts Shipping Samples of 5G NR
Module for Automotive Use
“Newly developed UMNZ1 Series 5G NR Module for Automotive Use
with C-V2X features, is compliant with 3GPP2 Release 15.
Teaming up with a Chinese C-V2X chip supplier, Alps Alpine developed
an All In One communication module with a built-in V2X protocol
stack. Sample shipments began in March with aims to accelerate
social implementation of 5G solutions for automobiles.
The UMNZ1 Series is intended for global use outside China.”
Source: Alps Alpine, March 2021
Source: Samsung-Harman, 2021
Quectel announces Marelli
Fibocom Launches 5G Smart Module collaboration and deals to supply
SC161 Based on Qualcomm QCM6350 European automotive OEMs
“Fibocom SC161 can be widely applied in IoT scenarios
In addition, Marelli and Quectel have established a LG Innotek Unveils 5G Communication
such as smart wireless payment, C-V2X, smart cities,
joint basis to advance work on 5G and C-V2X
smart home, robot, VR, AR, etc. It is an outstanding Module for Automotive
platforms. The two companies have also enabled
core system solution for global IoT applications. The
evolved LTE connectivity utilizing the Quectel AG520R Solution: Qualcomm
mass production of Fibocom SC161 smart module is 5G w/ C-V2X
and AG55xQ platforms. The relationship, which is 3GPP Release 15, 5.9GHz PC5 interface
planned to start in Q3 2021.” Standalone Type
Quectel's first with an automotive industry customer GNSS supported (L1 + L5)
outside China, enables both companies to be fully-
Source: Fibocom, April 2021
prepared for requests for quotes (RFQs).
Source: LG Innotek, Oct 2019
Source: Quectel, April 2021
17
C-V2X devices and sample of dual-mode RSUs
List of C-V2X Devices (last update November 2020)
• This document intends to provide an overview of the C-V2X Devices which we understand are already publicly available on
the market. This overview is based on publicly available information.
• The sources are referenced. 5GAA does not accept any liability for information provided by third parties. 5GAA has not
verified whether the information provided by third parties is accurate. 5GAA does not in any way validate the information
provided by third parties by including particular devices in this list. This document is only intended to provide an overview,
the list of devices is not necessarily complete.
• This list does not necessarily include factory-fit telematics/V2X boxes directly under contract with automakers.
Kapsch RIS-9260 dual-mode C-V2X Commsignia ITS-OB4 and ITS-RS4 LACROIX City Neavia V2I Station 4G
Roadside ITS Station (DSRC & C-V2X dual mode) integrated & scalable to 5G
Source: Commsignia
Source: LACROIX City
Source: Kapsch
18State-of-Play on C-V2X
China
19Status in China: 8 C-V2X Enabled Vehicles Commercially Launched
In 2019, 15 OEMs announced 8 C-V2X enabled vehicles already launched in China
mass production of C-V2X cars as of 2020
OEM Model Launch Time
C-V2X commercial launch time: BYD Han 2020
2020H2 to 2021H1, OEMs have made the
GAC V Aion 2020
V2X launch plan.
FAW E-HS9 Hongqi 2020
GM/SAIC GL6 BUICK 2020
GM/SAIC GL8 BUICK 2020
Ford Mustang Mach-E 2021
Ford Explorer 2021
Ford Edge Plus 2021
Ford EVOS 2021
BJEV Arcfox 2021
Weltmeister W6 2021
Great Wall WEY Mocca 2021
Human Horizons HiPhi X 2021
NIO ET7 2022
20Applications/User Cases standardized in China
Communication Communication
Category Service Category Service
type type
V2V Forward Collision Warning V2V/V2I Sensor Data Sharing
V2V/V2I Intersection Collision Warning safety V2V/V2I Cooperative Lane Change
V2V/V2I Left Turn Assistant P2X Vulnerable Road User Safe Passing
V2V Blind Spot Warning Cooperative High Priority Vehicle
efficiency V2I
V2V Do Not Pass Warning Passing
V2V-Event Emergency Brake Warning V2I Guidance Service in Parking Area
information
safety V2V-Event Abnormal Vehicle Warning V2I Differential Data Service
V2V-Event Control Loss Warning managment V2I Probe Data Collection
V2I Hazardous Location Warning driving V2V Cooperative Platooning Management
V2I Speed Limit Warning safety & V2I Cooperative Vehicle Merge
V2I Red Light Violation Warning efficiency V2I Cooperative Intersection Passing）
information
V2P/V2I Vulnerable Road User Collision Warning V2I Vehicle Near-Field Payment
& efficiency
efficiency &
V2I Green Light Optimal Speed Advisory V2I Dynamic Lane Management
management
V2I In-Vehicle Signage
efficiency
V2I Traffic Jam Warning
V2I/V2V Emergency Vehicle Warning Day 2
information V2I Vehicle Near-Field Payment
Day 1
21 21Progress of C-V2X Infrastructure Monitoring Platform
Distribution of RSU in different cities in phase I Progess of Platform Access RSU
Phase City Number Distribution
Yubei District：30，Peiling District，236，
Chongqing 382
Fengdu District：116
Phase Xishan District：2，Binhu District：96，
Wuxi 184
I Liangxi District：77，Xinwu District：8
→ Changsha 304 Yuelu District：304
Shanghai Wuxi 2020
Shanghai 14 Jiading District：14
Xiamen 5 Jimen District：5
Total 889
Deqing approximate 1000 TBD
Wuxi approximate 300 TBD
Changsha Tianjin approximate 250 TBD
phase Chongqing approximate 200 TBD
II Beijing-Shanghai
approximate 200 TBD
Expressway （G2）
Liuzhou approximate 150 TBD
Chengdu approximate 70 TBD
Chongqing-Highway Chongqing-City
22
22G5021 Shizhu-Chongqing Highway
G5021 Shizhu-Chongqing Highway
G50S石渝南线
Gohigh Data Networks：是重要的骨架公路网之一,是改善三峡库区交通条件、促进库区发展的重要建设路段，
Technology Co., Ltd (Datang GOHIGH) and China Communications Construction
是全球地质、气象条件最复杂的典型公路。“涪丰-丰都”段是各种复杂工况最为集中的一段，大唐高鸿与
Company Limited (CCCC) jointly upgraded the road infrastructure of this C-V2X demonstrative section,
中国交建一起，联手进行了全路网的车路协同示范改造，建设成为全球首条实际在运营的C-V2X复杂高速
公路。
which become a C-V2X enabled complex Highway in operation.
Complete System Complex Condition Large Scale High utility
• ~130 kilometer with • Fully measurable, visible and
• Tunnel, bridge controllable, fine control on key
Vehicle 100% C-V2X coverage
sub-sections
Positioning Road • 300+ RSU • Cost-efficient map engine, reduce
• Sharp curve, Steep slope HW cost of mass deployment
• 400+ Roadside sensing/ • Automatic V2X HD map
compute/display devices segmentation, distribution and
• Foggy, Ponding, Crosswind updating
Network
High precision positioning service
Map
• 12 tunnels,8 interchange •
site,5 accident black spot in all environment
Cloud • Tunnel close to exit • Centralized O&M, with remote
upgrade, config and alarm
23 23State-of-Play on C-V2X
Europe
24Uu
LTE-V2X
V2X EU ITS Spectrum in 5.9 GHz PC5
2018 EC Mandate to CEPT & ETSI (updated)
• Definition of Road-ITS coexistence solutions in 40 MHz
• Extend the mandate to cover the band up to 5935 MHz for Urban Rail.
➢ Update EC Decision 2008/671/EC on 5.9 GHz – Q1 2020
ECC/REC/(08)01 ECC/DEC/(08)01
Neutral, refers to EN 302 571 Neutral, refers to EN 302 571
5855 5875 5905 5925 5935
ITS non-safety ITS Safety ITS extension
Former band allocation (CEPT) 20 MHz 30 MHz 20 MHz
ITS non-safety ITS Safety ITS Urban Rail
New band allocation as of March 2020
20 MHz 40 MHz 20 MHz
5GAA proposal: priority channels for Road ITS Tech B Tech A
TBD TBD RSU
(transitional measure) priority priority
2526
5G corridors:What is the project about?
• 5G transport corridors as an EU flagship
infrastructure to lead in 5G mobility
ecosystems
• Uninterrupted 5G coverage, high quality
(“CAM-ready”) and low latency (path to
“edge computing“ ) by 2025
• Trigger private investments through
significant public funding
• Initial target: 26,000km of CEF 5G corridors
(Estimate € 5,4bn). More ambitious targets
can be achieved in combination with RRF
funding
• Pan-European dynamics through EU
coordination of geographic complementarity,
especially re. cross-border sections
26Status in Europe Audi is introducing the V2I service “Traffic
Light Information” to Europe.
BMW and Samsung to offer 5G in the iNEXT as soon as ANAS deploys dual-mode C-V2X / ITS-G5
2021 RSUs in Italy on 80 Km of the 51 Road
“BMW Group has set itself the goal
of having the largest over-the-air
upgradeable fleet of any
manufacturer in the world by the
end of 2021. By that time, a total of
Source: Audi, 2019 and Audi, 2020
over 2.5 million vehicles from the
BMW brand will be able to receive
Remote Software Upgrades.”
Source: Le Strade dell’Informazione, Feb 2021
Source: BMW Group, Jan 2020 and BMW Group, March 2021
“The FCA Uconnect system will
Bosch’s wrong-way driver warning system now a feature use 5G technology”
Telefónica, APM Terminals to deploy 5G
in ŠKODA vehicles and deployed in NL with via Talking and C-V2X at Port of Barcelona
Traffic Source: La Repubblica, Nov 2019
2.5 million unique active users per month already in Europe Source: APM Terminals, March 2021
Continental continues its successful course in 5G
“Local Hazard Information connectivity with first order for commercial
technology is being rolled out vehicles
across more than 80% of Ford’s
passenger vehicle line-up by “As of 2023, Continental will “Continental has won a serial
the end of [2020].” supply two European vehicle order from a leading European
manufacturers with intelligent commercial vehicle manufacturer
Source: Bosch, August 2020 & Bosch, Feb 2021 antenna modules and 5G to equip its vehicles with the 5G
Source: Ford, 2020
telematics units.” V2X telematics platform.”
Source: Continental, July 2020 & Continental, April 2021
27State-of-Play on C-V2X
US
28US ITS Regulatory Update
The US FCC 5.9 GHz ruling points to C-V2X as technology of choice:
• Allows C-V2X in upper 30 MHz after expedited waiver process
• DSRC will move to lower 10 MHz until end of phasing out period (2 years)
• FCC puts spotlight on OEMs to bring V2X to the finish line
December 2019 November 2020 2021…
FCC Releases 5.9 GHz FCC adopted 5.9 GHz First Awaiting R&O and FNPRM
NPRM Report and Order (R&O) publication in Federal
and FNPRM Register
29Status in the US
Ford commits to deploy C-V2X in all new Blue Bird join Audi, Applied Information on
Audi of America, Virginia DOT and Qualcomm connected vehicle deployment to boost
vehicle models in the US beginning in 2022 Announce Initial C-V2X Deployment in Virginia school bus and school zone safety
source: Audi USA, Jan 2020
source: Blue Bird, March 2021
source: Ford, Jan 2019
Auto Industry Unites Behind Safety General Motors and Qualcomm extend Verizon & Honda test how 5G enhances safety
Technology by Committing at least 5 long-standing relationship to transform for connected and autonomous vehicles
Million V2X Radios and Devices by the End next generation vehicles
of 2025
“Using Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) communication,
“As an extension of the relationship, GM worked with Honda SAFE SWARM™ enables vehicles to communicate with
source:
Qualcomm Technologies for C-V2X, which has launched other road users and share key information such as location,
Alliance for Automotive Innovation, April 2020 with the Buick GL8 MPV now available in China.” speed, and vehicle sensor data”
source: Qualcomm, Jan 2021 Source: Verizon, April 2021
30What’s Next with 5G-V2X
31Cliquez et modifiez le titre
Basic Safety use cases Advanced Driving use
cases
Upper layers
Mapping use cases
LTE-V2X sidelink to transport profile NR-V2X sidelink
Rel. 14/15 Rel. 16 and beyond
Basic messages with QoS with Groupcast
Broadcast
5G-V2X sidelink 32Source: Qualcomm 33
Enable complex interaction Use Cases (perception, negotiation, multi-lateral agreements)
“In a complex V2X interaction, two or more participants
exchange at least three messages, of which most depend
on at least one of the prior messages.”
Enabling complex interaction Use Cases (perception,
negotiation, multi-lateral agreements)
Source: Continental
34Cooperative Parking Group Start VRU Crossing
Virtual road monitoring Cooperative Traffic Gap Teleoperated Driving
35Thank you!
info@5gaa.org
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