Microfluidics Two Phase Flows - SLUG FLOWS - DEWS
←
→
Page content transcription
If your browser does not render page correctly, please read the page content below
2/4/2022
1
Microfluidics
Two‐Phase Flows
SLUG FLOWS
CELL FLOWS
Microfluidics
Microfluidics
High Nonlinearity Macro‐fluidics
Standard
100µm 320µm 640µm 1 mm
2
1
2/4/2022
TWO‐PHASE FLOW IN MICROCHANNELS
NAVIER STOKES EQUATION STOKES EQUATION ?
Divergence of Stress
INPUT‐1
Inertia over a Volume Other Body Force
INPUT‐2
ui ui 2u j
ui Fi p
t xj xi x j
2
PROCESS NONLINEARITY
ANALYTICAL MODELS: Strictly correlated with ADVANTAGEOUS
the with the case study
Two Fluids Interaction Higher velocities
COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS MODELS: Lack of analytical solution and high
Straight Or Curved Geometry Low process time
computational level
Viscous Force is not so greater Enhancement of the fluids mixing
NO SUITABLE FOR ON‐CHIP APPLICATIONS!
than Inertial Force Chemical reaction irreversibility
IDEA: MOVE TO A DATA‐DRIVE APPROACH
3
MICROFLUIDICS ENGINEERING PLATFORM
OPTICAL DETECTION
4
2
2/4/2022
EXPERIMENTAL SET UP
OUTPUT
WATER AIR
5
SLUGS FLOW IN MICROCHANNELS
water air front air air rear
BY OPTICAL‐ SIGNALS
WATER
[50-500] ms [50-350] ms 5 ms 5 ms
FRONT AIR REAR
6
3
2/4/2022
FLOWS & Numbers…
Air Fraction Capillary Number Reynolds Number
AF
Vair
Ca V Re V Dh
Vair Vwater
Ca O(10 2 )
M. Bringer et al., Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond., 2004
7
INPUT FLOW RATES & the Numbers
CONDITION 1 ‐ AT THE INLETS
•NO FLUID DOMINANCE
(AF=0.5)
•VARYING THE VELOCITY
CONDITION 2 ‐ AT THE INLETS
• FLUID DOMINANCE (AF≠0.5)
• VARYING THE VELOCITY
320 µm 640 µm
min max
INPUT FLOW RATE (ml/min) 0.1 10
INPUT FLOW RATE (cm/s) 0.5 50
CAPILLARY NUMBER 0.015 *10‐2 1.5 *10‐2
AIR FRACTION 10% 90%
REYNOLD NUMBER 0.1 30
TRANSITORY 1 mim 2 min
8
4
2/4/2022
SLUG FLOW CHARACTERIZATION
INSIDE THE MICRO‐CHANNEL
INPUT FLOW RATE, CHANNEL GEOMETRY, FLUIDS
…WATER OR AIR DOMINANCE?
BY OPTICAL SIGNALS
9
…WATER OR AIR DOMINANCE?
WATER
5000
AIR INSIDE
X: -0.00311
Y: 4251
Peak1 µchannel
4000
3000 WATER INSIDE
Occurance
AIR Peak2
µchannel
X: 0.01056
Y: 1822
2000
1000
delta (%)
Peak 2 Peak1 *100 0
-0.01 -0.005 0 0.005 0.01 0.015
max(Peak1, Peak 2) Luminous intensity
Bucolo et al., Experimental Study on the Slug Flow in a Serpentine Micro‐channel , Exp. Thermal and Fluid science (2016)
10
5
2/4/2022
THE INPUT FLOWS AT THE INLETS ARE THE SOME (AF=0.5)
WATER DOMINANCE
SLOW
TRANSITION
ZONE
FAST
ANNULAR
11
100 ‐‐‐ SLOW (V 1 ml/min)
50
de lta (% )
0
AIR DOMINANCE
-50
-100
0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
Air Fraction
INPUT WATER INPUT AIR
DOMINANCE DOMINANCE
12
6
2/4/2022
SLUG FLOW CHARACTERIZATION
INSIDE THE MICRO‐CHANNEL
INPUT FLOW RATE, CHANNEL GEOMETRY, FLUIDS
…PROCESS NONLINEARITY?
IN FAST DYNAMICSNONLINEAR EFFECT IN THE SLUGS
DISPLACEMENT (V≥ 1ml/min)
BY OPTICAL SIGNALS
13
…PROCESS NONLINEARITY?
METHOD 1ANALYSIS IN FREQUENCY DOMAIN
1
0.8
Signal (V)
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
8 8.5 9 9.5 10
Time (s)
12
10
Spectrum
8
• THE PEAK FREQUENCY 6
• THE AREA UNDER THE GAUSSIAN 4
2
0
0 20 40 60 80 100
Frequency(Hz)
Bucolo et al., Experimental Study on the Slug Flow in a Serpentine Micro‐channel , Exp. Thermal and Fluid science (2016)
14
7
2/4/2022
3 5 5
AF=0.18 AF=0.43 AF=0.73
20
[
8 15
6 15
10
4 10
2 5 5
p
65 70 75 80 85 20 30 40 60 70 80
Frequency[Hz]) Frequency[Hz]) Frequency[Hz])
WATER DOMINANCE AIR DOMINANCE
15
…PROCESS NONLINEARITY?
Bucolo et al., Experimental Classification of Nonlinear Dynamics in Microfluidics Bubbles’ Flow, Nonlinear Dynamics (2012)
Bucolo et al., Periodic Input Flows Tuning Nonlinear Two‐phase Dynamics in a Snake Micro‐channel, Microfluidics and Nanofluidics (2011)
METHOD 2NONLINEAR TIME SERIES ANALYSIS
16
8
2/4/2022
Air 40Hz-Water 5Hz
Air 15Hz-Water 20Hz
Air 30Hz-Water 35Hz
Air 5Hz-Water 15Hz
17
FLOW INSIDE THE µCHANNEL?
Bucolo et al., Experimental Classification of Nonlinear Dynamics in Microfluidics Bubbles’ Flow, Nonlinear Dynamics (2012)
Bucolo et al., Periodic Input Flows Tuning Nonlinear Two‐phase Dynamics in a Snake Micro‐channel, Microfluidics and Nanofluidics (2011)
18
9
2/4/2022
PLATFORM FOR SLUG FLOW
REAL‐TIME MONITORING
19
INPUT FLOW RATES
EXP‐SET3 EXP‐SET1
0.9
PHOTODIODE
Fair [ml/min]
EXP‐SET2 OPTO‐MECHANICAL ACQUISITION
0.5 SETUP
CCD
ACQUISITION
0.1
0.1 0.5 0.9
Fwater [ml/min]
M. Bucolo et. al. , Real‐Time Detection of Slug Velocity in Microchannels, Micromachines, 2020
20
102/4/2022
VELOCITY & FREQUENCY OF THE SLUGS PASSAGE
1.4 Hz
SIGNAL SPECTRUM
WATER PASSAGE
10 Hz
FREQUENCY OF THE AIR PASSAGE
SLUGS PASSAGE
SLUGS VELOCITY
21
FREQUENCY OF THE SLUGS PASSAGE ‐ EXP‐SET 1
A LONG WATER‐SLUG
A LONG WATER‐SLUG A TRAIN OF SMALL
FOLLOWED BY A TRAIN OF
AND A SMALL AIR‐SLUG WATER/AIR SLUGS
AIR‐SLUGS
0,2 ml/min 0,4 ml/min 0,6 ml/min 0,9 ml/min
22
112/4/2022
SLUGS VELOCITY‐ EXP‐SET 1
LONG WATER‐SLUGS
A LONG WATER‐SLUG A TRAIN OF SMALL
FOLLOWED BY A TRAIN OF
AND A SMALL AIR‐SLUG WATER/AIR SLUGS
AIR‐SLUGS
0,2 ml/min 0,4 ml/min 0,6 ml/min 0,9 ml/min
23
REAL‐TIME SLUG FLOWS VELOCITY
M. Bucolo et. al. , Real‐Time Detection of Slug Velocity in Microchannels, Micromachines, 2020
24
122/4/2022
REAL‐TIME SLUG FLOWS VELOCITY
FR = 0.3 ml/min FR= 0.5 ml/min FR = 0.7 ml/min
25
26
132/4/2022
PLATFORM FOR SLUGS FLOW
REAL‐TIME CONTROL
27
CLOSED LOOP REAL‐TIME CONTROL: IMPLEMENTATION
SYRINGE PUMPS TWO‐PHASE
PROCESS
OPTO‐
MECHANICAL PHOTODIODE
SETUP ACQUISITION
SOFT SENSORS
CONTROL LAW
CONTROL DATA
ACQUISITION VISUALIZATION
LAW ANALYSIS
Desired Timeout [s] Number of cycles Error in frequency [Hz]
Frequency [Hz] Sample rate [Hz] Spectrum peak [Hz] Flow rate change [ml/min]
Amplitude [V] Signals and Spectra plot
M. Bucolo et. al. , A Real Time Feed Forward Control of Slug Flow in Microchannels, Energies (2019)
28
142/4/2022
CLOSED CONTROL LOOP
FR’w,a=FRw,a+FR
Hypothesis pdes + p y
Control
p=slug frequency
FRW = FRA ‐ Law Σ
FRW,A = M * p + Q pact
( pdes , FRdes ) Soft
p = pdes – pact sensor
STOP CONDITIONS If ( FRdes ThMAX
| p|< ThMIN
else ThMAX = 3 Hz
ThMIN = 0.5 Hz
ΔFR
T T
r r
a S a
n n
‐ThMAX ‐ThMIN T ThMIN ThMAX p
s s
i O i
e P e
n n
t t
29
CLOSED LOOP REAL‐TIME CONTROL: THE PLATFORM
FREQDES = 1 HZ FREQDES = 5 HZ FREQDES = 10 HZ
Freq = 1.12 Hz Freq = 4.95 Hz Freq = 10.33 Hz
30
152/4/2022
MICRO‐OPTOFLUIDICS IN A
SISTEM‐ON‐CHIP
• FREQUENCY OF THE SLUGS PASSAGE
• SLUGS VELOCITY
31
WHAT WE NEED ….
PDMS based
OPTICS
Technology
MICRO‐OPTICS TRANSPARANCE
BIOCOMPATIBILITY
OPTICAL PROPERTY
FLUIDCS
MECHANICS
CHEMICAL PROPERTY
INTEGRATION CMOS COMPATIBLE
MICRO‐FLUIDCS
MICRO‐MECHANICS RAPID PROTOTYPE
MEMS ELECTRONICS SOFT‐LITHOGRAPHY
MICRO‐ELECTRONICS
32
162/4/2022
PDMS MICRO‐OPTIC INTERFACE
PHOTODIODE
ACQUISITION
PUMPS MICROFLUIDIC OPTO‐MECHANICAL
LIGHT CHANNEL SETUP
CCD
ACQUISITION
PHOTODIODE
ACQUISITION
PUMPS MICROFLUIDC MICRO‐OPTIC
CHANNEL INTERFACE
LASER
CCD
ACQUISITION
33
PDMS MICRO‐OPTIC INTERFACE ‐1
nair=1
nPDMS=1.41
34
172/4/2022
PDMS MICRO‐OPTIC INTERFACE ‐1
SLUGs FLOW DETECTION RBCs FLOW DETECTION
Bucolo et al, A Polymeric Mirco‐optical Interface for Flow Monitoring in Biomicrofluidics, Biomicrofluidics. (2009)
35
PDMS MICRO‐OPTIC INTERFACE ‐2
LOCAL ACTION DISTRIBUTED ACTION
OUTPUT OPTIC FIBER
DETECTION
4 LIGTH WAVELENGTHS
4 INPUT OPTIC FIBERS
Bucolo et al., A Polimeric Micro‐optical System for Spatial Monitoring in Two‐Phase Microfluidics, Microfluidics
and Nanofluidics (2012)
36
182/4/2022
PDMS MICRO‐OPTOFLUIDIC DEVICES
PDMS based Technology
TRANSPARANCE
BIOCOMPATIBILITY
EMBEDDED MICRO‐ OPTICAL PROPERTY
OPTO FLUIDIC DEVICE CHEMICAL PROPERTY
CMOS COMPATIBLE
RAPID PROTOTYPE
3D‐PRINTING
37
PDMS MICRO‐OPTOFLUIDIC DEVICES: FABRICATION
Design of the project Exposition of master’s surfaces to UV‐light
and realization by 3D printer for 1 hour at 35°C
35 °C
Put the beaker in the Inject liquid PDMS in
Extraction of the device
oven for 36 hours the beaker
38
192/4/2022
PDMS MICRO‐OPTOFLUIDIC DEVICES: CONCEPT
PHOTODIODE
ACQUISITION
PUMPS MICROFLUIDC MICRO‐OPTIC
CHANNEL INTERFACE
LASER
CCD
ACQUISITION
PHOTODIODE
ACQUISITION
PUMPS MICRO‐OPTOFLUIDIC
LASER DEVICE
CCD
ACQUISITION
39
PDMS MICRO‐OPTOFLUIDIC DEVICES: SET‐UP
40
202/4/2022
MICRO‐OPTOFLUIDC FLOW DETECTOR‐1 Chip size 10 cm
AIR
WATER
400 Two-Phase Flow Acquisition
3
OF1
OF2
2.5
2
Voltage (V)
1.5
1
0.5
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Counts
Bucolo et al, 3D Printed Embedded PDMS Micro‐Optofluidcs Switch, Microfluidics and Nanofluidics ,2016
41
MICRO‐OPTICAL COMPONENTS
PDMS WAVEGUIDE
Bucolo et al, Micro‐Optical Waveguides Realization by Low‐Cost Technologies, Micro (2022)
PDMS MIRROR
Bucolo et al, Advanced technologies in the fabrication of a micro‐optical light splitter, Micro and Nano Eng. J. (submitted)
42
212/4/2022
Refractive index
nPDMS =1.41 MICRO‐OPTOFLUIDC FLOW DETECTORS‐2
nWater = 1.33
nAir =1
nGold =0.47
Signal
6
5
4
Voltage [Volt]
3
2
1
0
1mW 5 mW 10 mW
Water 0,15 ml/mm –Air 0,3 ml/mm -1
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Time [sec]
Bucolo et al, 3D‐Printed micro‐optofluidic device for chemical fluids and cells detection, Biomedical Microdevices, 2020
43
MICRO‐OPTOFLUIDC VELOCITY DETECTORS
D1
PDMS micro‐optofluidic velocity detector with gold‐
VeroClear micro‐splitter PDMS micro‐splitter.
D2
PDMS micro‐optofluidic velocity detector with
VeroClear micro‐splitter.
44
222/4/2022
WHAT’S
NEXT?
45
MICRO‐OPTOFLUIDICS IN A SISTEM‐ON‐CHIP
PROCESSES MODELLING
AND CONTROL
MICRO‐OPTOFLUIDC DEVICES
REALIZATION
46
232/4/2022
CELLS FLOW INVESTIGATION BY
HYDRODYNAMIC RESPONSE
In Vivo In Vitro
• Bucolo et. al., CNN Real‐time Technology for the Analysis of Microfluidic Phenomena In Blood Vessel, Nanotechnology
(2006)
• M. Bucolo et al., Microfluidics real‐time monitoring using CNN technology, IEEE Trans. on Biomedical Circuits and
Systems (2008)
• M. Bucolo et al., Hydrodynamic study of biological fluids in micro‐channels for cell classification, Biomicrofluidics
(submitted)
• M. Bucolo et al., Emergent behaviors in RBCs flows in micro‐channels using digital particle image velocimetry,
Microvascular Research (2018)
• M. Bucolo et al., Quantitative Analysis of Spatial Irregularities in RBCs Flows, Chaos Solitons and Fractals (2018)
• M. Bucolo et al., DPIV analysis of RBCs flows in serpentine micro‐channel, European conf. on circuit theory and design
(ECCTD 2017)
47
CELL FLOWS INVESTIGATION BY HYDRODYNAMIC RESPONSE
FROM Digital Particle Image Velocimetry (DPIV) TO Optical Signals
TIME DOMAIN FREQUENCY DOMAIN
2
20
A = 0 .1
A=0.1
0 10
-2 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 10 20 30 40 50
5
48
242/4/2022
RBCsCELLS
RED BLOOD FLOWS:
FLOWS IN‐VITRO
IN MICRO‐CHANNEL
RECTILINEAR CHANNEL
f=0.1 Hz A=0.1 mmHg f=0.1 Hz A=10 mmHg f=0.1 Hz A=100 mmHg
A B C A B C A B C
WEAK VORTICITY ALIGNMENT
49
RBCs BEHAVIORAL CLASSIFICATION
ALIGNMENT
VORTICITY
WEAK
50
252/4/2022
HeLa Cells Yeast Cells MicroBeads
51
APPLICATIONS IDEAS……
BLOOD AND MICRO‐CIRCULATION INVESTIGATION
• blood viscosity
• RBC aggregation
• Artificial blood
CELLS DIFFERENTIATION BASED ON THEIR DYNAMICAL BEHAVIOR
• under pressure stress
• under temperature stress
• Cell interaction
52
262/4/2022
THANKS TO:
• Dr. FRANCESCA SAPUPPO
• Dr. FLORINDA SCHEMBRI
• Dr. PRINCIA ANADAN
• Dr. SEVI GAGLIANO
• Dr. FABIANA CAIRONE
• ENG GIOVANNA STELLA
53
27You can also read
