Metabolische Chirurgie - wem empfehlen wir eine Operation? - Stefan Aczél
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Indikationen gemäss SMOB • BMI >= 35 kg/m2 • Eine zweijährige, adäquate Therapie zur Gewichtsreduktion war erfolglos (BMI von >= 50 kg/m2: Dauer von 12 Monaten ausreichend). • Schriftliche Einwilligung in die Verpflichtung zu lebenslanger Nachsorge im bariatrischen Netzwerk eines akkreditierten Zentrums. • Spezielle Kriterien bei < 18 bzw > 65 Jahren
ADA-Leitlinien • Metabolic surgery should be recommended as an option to treat type 2 diabetes in appropriate surgical candidates with BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2 (BMI ≥ 37.5 kg/m2 in Asian Americans) and in adults with BMI 35.0–39.9 kg/m2 (32.5–37.4 kg/m2 in Asian Americans) who do not achieve durable weight loss and improvement in comorbidities (including hyperglycemia) with reasonable nonsurgical methods. A • Metabolic surgery may be considered as an option for adults with type 2 diabetes and BMI 30.0–34.9 kg/m2 (27.5–32.4 kg/m2 in Asian Americans) who do not achieve durable weight loss and improvement in comorbidities (including hyperglycemia) with reasonable nonsurgical methods. A • Metabolic surgery should be performed in high-volume centers with multidisciplinary teams that understand and are experienced in the management of diabetes and gastrointestinal surgery. C • Long-term lifestyle support and routine monitoring of micronutrient and nutritional status must be provided to patients after surgery, according to guidelines for postoperative management of metabolic surgery by national and international professional societies. C • People presenting for metabolic surgery should receive a comprehensive readiness and mental health assessment. B • People who undergo metabolic surgery should be evaluated to assess the need for ongoing mental health services to help them adjust to medical and psychosocial changes after surgery. C Diabetes Care 2019;42(Suppl. 1):S81–S89
Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) Study Beobachtungsstudie, Alter 37-60J., BMI Männer > 34 kg/m2, Frauen > 38 kg/m2 2010 Pat operiert vs 2037 in Kontrollgruppe, für 18 Variablen «gematcht» Review: J Intern Med 2013, 273: 219-34
Surgical Treatment and Medications Potentially Eradicate Diabetes Efficiently (STAMPEDE) NEJM 2017, 376:641-51
Intensive konservative Therapie alleine oder plus RYGB oder plus Sleeve Alter 49 Jahre, DM-Dauer 8 J., HbA1c: ca. 9% mit ca. 2.5 Antidiabetika, 45% Insulin BMI ca 36 kg/m2, 34% < 35 kg/m2 NEJM 2017, 376:641-51
STAMPEDE: Resultate nach 5 Jahren Langzeitremission: Med: 0%, RYGB: 22.4%, Sleeve: 14.9% NEJM 2017; 376:641-51
Italienische Studie (RYGB vs BPD) : Diabetesremission G. Mingrone et al., Lancet 2015;386:964-73
Diabetes Surgery Study 120 Pat., BMI 30.0 – 39.9 kg/m2, T2DM mind. 6 Monate, HbA1c ≥ 8.0 % JAMA 2018 – 319 – 266-78
Diabetes Surgery Study Gewichtsabnahme: 21.8 vs 9.6 % JAMA 2018 – 319 – 266-78
Bariatrische Metabolische Chirurgie bei T2DM Diabetes Care 2016; 39:902-11
Change in HbA1c after LAGB, RYGB, SG, and BPD in 11 RCTs Diab Care 2016; 39:902-911
Kumulative Inzidenz mikrovaskulärer Komplikationen (SOS) normal prediabetes screened T2DM established T2DM Lancet Diab Endocr 2017;5:271-9
Mikrovaskuläre Komplikationen: Retinopathie Lancet Diab Endocr 2017;5:271-9
Mikrovaskuläre Komplikationen: Nephropathie Lancet Diab Endocr 2017;5:271-9
Mikrovaskuläre Komplikationen: Polyneuropathie Lancet Diab Endocr 2017;5:271-9
Mikrovaskuläre Komplikationen je nach Diabetes-Remission Lancet Diab Endocr 2017;5:271-9
All-Cause and Specific-Cause Mortality Risk After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass in Patients With and Without Diabetes Lent – DiabCare 2017 – 40 – 1379-85
Long-term Microvascular Disease Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes After Bariatric Surgery: Evidence for the Legacy Effect of Surgery Retrospektive Observationsstudie 40.5% Coleman et al – DiabCare 2016 – 39 – 1400-7
Meta-analysis of metabolic surgery versus medical treatment for macrovascular complications and mortality in patients with T2DM Mortalität Billeter et al., SOARD 2019; online May 25
Makrovaskuläre Komplikationen Kardiovaskuläre Mortalität Billeter et al., SOARD 2019; online May 25
Bariatrische OP: es profitieren besonders Patienten… …mit Diabetes …mit Prädiabetes …unabhängig vom Ausgangs-BMI …mit kurzer Diabetesdauer …mit Diabetesremission postoperativ
Magenschlauch (Sleeve) Operationstechniken Magenbypass BPD-DS ( bilio- pancreatic diversion – Verstellbares duodenal switch) Magenband proximal distal = Standard = Roux-en-Y-Gastric-Bypass
Network meta-analysis of the relative efficacy of bariatric surgeries for diabetes remission ObesRev 2018 – 19 – 1621–9
Network meta-analysis of the relative efficacy of bariatric surgeries for diabetes remission ObesRev 2018 – 19 – 1621–9
Network meta-analysis of the relative efficacy of bariatric surgeries for diabetes remission ObesRev 2018 – 19 – 1621–9
Effect of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy vs Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass onWeight Loss in Patients With Morbid Obesity The SM-BOSS Randomized Clinical Trial n = 107 n = 110 Peterli et al., JAMA 2018; 319:255-65
SM-BOSS: Mortality and Adverse Events (Reoperation oder Endoskopie) Peterli et al., JAMA 2018; 319:255-65
STAMPEDE: Adverse events NEJM 2017; 376:641-51
Association of Bariatric Surgery vs Medical RR (95%CI) 2.1 (2.0-2.2) RR 0.4 (0.3-0.5) Obesity Treatment With Long-term Medical Complications and Obesity-Related Comorbidities RR 3.9 (2.8-5.4) RR 0.07 (0.03-0.11) Jakobsen et al., JAMA 2018; 319:291-301
RR 0.9 (0.8-1.1) RR 1.3 (1.2-1.5) RR 0.8 (0.7-0.9) RR 1.3 (1.2-1.4) JAMA 2018 – 319 – 291-301
Metabolic surgery for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in patients with BMI lower than 35 kg/m2: Why caution is still needed Dauerhaftes Verfahren Risiko für Protein-, Vitamin- und Mineralstoffmangel; Folgeoperationen Langzeitverlauf? Relativ kleine Patientenzahl mit „moderater“ („leichterer“) Adipositas in Studien Bedeutung der absoluten Gewichtsreduktion? Auswahl der Patienten? – Adipositas Grad 1: OP bei schlechter DM-Kontrolle? Vergleich mit moderner Diabetestherapie? DM-Management nach bariatrischer OP? Verfügbarkeit von Operationen?, Kosteneffizienz? (Verdoppelung der potentiellen Patienten) ObesRev 2019 – 20 – 633–47
Metabolic Surgery in the Treatment Algorithm for Type 2 Diabetes: A Joint Statement by International Diabetes Organizations DiabCare 2016 – 39 – 861-77
Metabolische Chirurgie – wem empfehlen wir eine Operation? ∙ T2DM und BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2: empfehlen ∙ T2DM und BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2: empfehlen ∙ T2DM und BMI 30-35 kg/m2: erwägen (Kontrolle des Diabetes?) Mögliche Kriterien unabhängig vom BMI: ∙ Diabetesdauer? ∙ Kontrolle des Diabetes? ∙ Andere Co-Morbiditäten? Viele Fragen noch offen……..
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