PLANNING DELIVERY LEGACY - HIA of Glasgow's Commonwealth Games Creating a Sustainable Legacy for Glasgow
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HIA of Glasgow’s Commonwealth Games
PLANNING DELIVERY LEGACY
Creating a Sustainable Legacy for Glasgow
Presentation to Fit Cities, Fit World Conference 2013
Dr. Russell Jones
Health Impact Assessment Informing Decision-Making, Reducing Inequalities
Health Inequalities in Glasgow:
A Tale of Two Cities
• A child born in Drumchapel
compared to a child born in
Kelvinside is likely to be:
– Born underweight
– Live ten years less
– 2X more likely to die before its first
birthday
Drumchapel
– 3X more likely to die of CHD or bronchitis
– 3X more likely to die of breast cancer
– 2X more likely to die of lung cancer
– 4X more likely to suffer from a
psychiatric disorder
– 2.5X more likely to die before 65
Kelvinside
Using HIA to Tackle Glasgow’s
Health Divide
• Major disparities in health
• Greatest scope for improving public
health lies outside the NHS
• Determinants of health
– Transport, housing, employment,
income, the environment, access to
services, education, cultural and
leisure activities
• Reducing health inequalities in Glasgow
will require a cross-cutting approach to
health improvement
HIA
What is an HIA? An impartial, systematic consideration of the likely health and wellbeing impacts of implementing a policy, plan, programme or project…
HIA: The Process
Screening
Scoping
Appraisal/Reporting
Monitoring/Evaluation
Potential of HIA
• Provides meaningful community engagement in local
decision-making
• Takes a broad view of health and inequalities and involves a
range of disciplines
• Involves a range of stakeholders
• Provides better information for decision makers on health and
wellbeing impacts & likely consequences of implementing
different options
• Better co-operation between different agencies
• Adds value
HIA does not • Provide ‘the’ answer • Provide exact quantitative results • Duplicate other impact assessments • Exist in a social, cultural or political vacuum • Avoid the need for difficult decisions
Glasgow 2014 Commonwealth Games:
Aspirations I
“This investment will….contribute to the key
objectives of improving the health of our
population particularly around physical
activity, smoking control and the
prevention of obesity. These in turn will
contribute also to overall levels of
confidence,wellbeing and mental health...”
Glasgow 2014 CMG Candidate City FileGlasgow 2014 Commonwealth Games:
Aspirations II
“For the local community increased pride
in their city, renewed confidence…an
ability to be part of a major initiative as a
demonstration of…more sustainable ways
of living will all be vital…..”
Glasgow 2014 CMG Candidate City FileGlasgow 2014 Commonwealth Games:
Aspirations I
“To contribute to the economic, social,
cultural and environmental development of
the city…significant regeneration of the East
End of Glasgow, making effective use of
otherwise derelict land and creating
employment opportunities for local
people………..”
Glasgow 2014 CMG Candidate City FileBut what are we up against?
Health Improvement Legacy: The Challenges I
“This investment will….contribute to the key
objectives of improving the health…”
• 62% of Brits would not be motivated to do more exercise even if
their life depended on it!
YouGov Poll,
2007
• “No previous host nation has shown any improvement in health,
activity levels or lifestyle”
Dr Richard Budgett, Chief Medical Officer, London 2012
• Very little is known about the impact which such events make
on sport development locally, regionally and nationally.’
Brown, 2004
• Games-related health benefits are not a given!Health Improvement Legacy: The Challenges II
“improving the health of our population particularly around
…prevention of obesity.”
• Scotland has the 2nd highest level of obesity in the
developed world and is showing no improvement
But…
• Obesity levels á before and after the Sydney Olympic
Games (á TV watching of sports during/after Games)
• London 2012 Aquatic Centre… “Most seats are 46cm
to 47cm wide, but people are getting bigger. Most
temporary seats in future will be 50cm wide.”
Jeff Burke, Project Consultant, London 2012Social and Economic Legacy: The Challenges
“To contribute to the economic, social, cultural and
environmental development of the city and the country.”
• “There is certainly no guarantee that a major sporting event will
produce positive social and/or economic benefits for the hosts…
Further, it can also be debatable as to exactly who, within the host
population, benefits”
Brown and Wynne 2001
• “Evidence suggests there is no automatic impact on non-sport
social activity…”
Jones, 2008Planning for legacy • Previous events have varied track records on legacy • Most previous events have poor records on community engagement • Evidence shows that benefits need to be planned • Need to maximise links to other developments • Need to manage realistic expectations
Aspirations for Sustainable Benefits • Employment and training opportunities • Participation in volunteering • Public transport improvements • Strengthening community cohesion • Encouragement for more active living (incl sport) • A green games • Sustainable improvements to land use systems • Regeneration: A new hope for the East End • Civic engagement: The people’s games
Undertaking the HIA • A multi-agency steering group -- linkages to equality and sustainability • Systematic review – MRC SPHSU • Stakeholder involvement – Scoping event facilitated by Scottish HIA Network – Community engagement • Appraisal -- report completed Spring 2009 • Continued engagement with Legacy team • Monitoring and evaluation
Engaging communities
• National Standards
• Assessed using VOiCE
• Used existing infrastructure
• Ensured equalities focusEngagement of communities • Household survey (1200 face-to-face) • Web and paper questionnaire (over 1000) • Over 40 Community workshops – Peer researchers – Participatory appraisal • Young people and Equalities groups
Recommendation Themes • 2014 Infrastructure (facilities) • 2014 Infrastructure (transport) • Civic Pride • Health and Wellbeing (individual behaviour change) • Image of Glasgow • Housing and Public Space • 2014 Participation: Cultural and Sporting Events • Economy/Employment • Volunteering • Community Safety, Antisocial Behaviour and Crime • Community Engagement • Sports Development Legacy • Environment, Sustainable Development and Carbon Footprint
Ongoing Engagement -- Legacy Team • Aligned recommendations with Legacy Themes – Prosperous – Active – International – Greener – Accessible – Inclusive • Underlining principles – Health – Inclusion – Sustainability
Challenges • Alignment of delivery and legacy • Managing expectations • Reasonable mix of caution and ambition • Linking developments – the Games as a catalyst • HIA not enough for legacy planning – particularly for community engagement
Equitable,
Inequitable, Unsustainable Sustainable benefits
X
No effect on Public Health A Green Games
rAll
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s f o
rtuni tie
o p p o
yment
Emplo
Poor Carbon Footprint Increased Participation in SportEvaluation • How will we know the HIA had an impact? – Process evaluation of the HIA – Outcome evaluation of the HIA • How will we know the Games had an impact? – Outcome evaluation assessing long term impacts
Evaluation Approach
• Research coordinators (SG and GCC)
• Evaluation working groups (SG and GCC)
• SG publication
– Outlines research questions, methods and baseline
– Aligned along 4 national themes
• Active
• Flourishing
• Connected
• Sustainable
• GCC realigned questions with their themesProposed Methods • Tracking outcome indicators • Secondary analysis of surveys and statistics • Prospective longitudinal study -- East End • Monitoring/evaluation of legacy programmes – Monitoring of legacy programmes – Longitudinal study of volunteers • Economic assessment
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