Garden of the Hesperides - Female Futures in Rural Morocco SOPHIA TLIGUI - Kth Diva Portal Org
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Degree Project in Architecture
Second Cycle 30.0 hp
Garden of the Hesperides
Female Futures in Rural Morocco
SOPHIA TLIGUI
Stockholm, Sweden 2021
TRITA – ABE-MBT-2213 www.kth.se
A Degree Project by Sophia Tligui
Garden of the hesperides
female futures in rural morocco
Master Thesis
WS 2021/2022
2021 W 35 (30/08-05/09) 30/08/21 START research
W 36 (06/09-12/09) research output
W 37 (13/09-19/09) site analysis + programm draft
W 38 (20/09-26/09) site plans + model Sidi el Yamani
W 39 (27/09-03/10) programm proposal + mass requirements
W 40 (04/10-10/10) mass concept & studies for all market sites
W 41 (11/10-17/10) mass behavourology
W 42 (18/10-24/10) project proposal mock-up
W 43 (25/10-31/10) project proposal developement / model, sketch, text
W 44 (01/11-07/11) compilation of work
W 45 (08/11-14/11) 09/11/21 MID SEMINAR
W 46 (15/11-21/11) 3d-model (all sites + proposal)
W 47 (22/11-28/11) plans, sections, elevations
W 48 (29/11-05/12) plans, sections, elevations
W 49 (06/12-12/12) perspectives
W 50 (13/12-19/12) complete final drawings & postproduce presentation
W 51 (20/12-26/12) 20/12/21 FINAL SEMINAR
W 52 (27/12-02/01) revise and change
2022 W 01 (03/01-09/01) finalise
W 02 (10/01-16/01) 12/01/21 END
female realities in rural morocco
why? Women in Morocco‘s rural areas are intersectionally disadvantaged, because of their gender and of their
localisation on the country side.
The main disparities compared to people of the opposite gender and in urban areas is a lack in primal education
and access to health care facilities, specifically maternal health care facilities.
Even though on a legislative level, gender equality gets more and more manifested, female realities look different
74 % of girls are lliterate, compared to 88% of boys
still, as social tradition and executive policys maintain the status quo of moroccan girls and women.
But change is (hopefully) on the way already: The moroccan government though is eager to “erase iliteracy”
and the non-profit based project “Soar” in Marrakesh is supporting girls in school and teaches them about their
26 % of girls in rural areas are enrolled in primary
school, compared to 79% of boys
rights.
55 % “A woman in a rural area is half as likely to have
her birth attended by a skilled birth attendant (55% of
births) than a woman in an urban area (92% of births)3.
Rural Moroccan women are also twice as likely to experi-
ence severe
complications”
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia Tligui
Introduction
Looking on the rural society of Northern Morocco, in the triangle of Tangier, Larache and Tetouan, use this existent potential of knowledge around medical and plant based female health and birth, as
we find a collectivist social structure in which center stands the family as the core commune. well as embracing the Kabla’s psychological support, I propose a female community and maternal
Subsistence farming is the main way of living, in which all family members, children included, par- health care center, run by the local Kablas themselves, that is linked to the Tangier hospital in order
ticipate in the daily tasks. to provide all necessary medical supplies.
The climate is Mediterranean and divided in a dry season during the summer months and a wet In this space, Kabla’s can exchange their knowledge with each other and girls and women who
season during winter. The land is cultivated on a small scale spacial division. come on visit to participate in workshops around female health.
Communities in these areas live from their farming and additional financial needs can be gained by Additionally the Kabla’s would have the possibility to receive additional official training here in or-
selling self produced goods or products on the weekly markets if the area. der to exceed their current qualification and to give more girls and women the possibility to become
a professional Kabla training with the prospect of an income in the future.
These markets, specifically the biggest market, which takes place every Monday in Sidi el-Yamani,
where you can not only buy all-day household products, farming equipment or livestock, but also
use the local amenities of regional administration or monetary services, are most likely to reach I propose a female community and maternal health care center. Being a building and gar-
den of freedom and security inside and “public furniture” on the outside.
most of the rural population.
To ensure the functionality of the the health care center, i propose it to be a satellite of the
As this thesis is providing a proposal of how to improve the life quality of the women “as a group Tangier hospital, making sure, that there is a constant connection to further amenities and
stocks of medical and human recourses.
relative to men (...) [being] disadvantaged socially, culturally, politically and economically”1
To ensure the local acceptance, I propose to offer certain functions to the weekly market,
I want to vocalize some needs of the women in form of an architectural proposal which both shall the whole community is benefiting from, and to be run by local women, who make sure the
place is owned by the female community themselves.
be an instant improvement of their holistic wellbeing, as well as a participatory incubator of region-
al potential development.
As my research on the girl’s and womens needs results in the need for accessible maternal health
care, I propose to improve the situation of the Kabla’s, the local and traditional health attendants,
who are filling an important gap of Moroccos health infrastructure. These women are taking care
of the pregnant throughout their pregnancy and especially during labor and postpartum. In order to
1
Ennaji, M. Morocco’s Experience with Gender Gap Reduction in Education. Gender and Wom-
en’s Studies. 2018; 2(1):5 Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia Tligui
Garden of the hesperides
female futures in rural morocco
Precedent Studies
WS 2021/2022
2015 Maternity Waiting Village
@ Kasungu, Kasungu District, Malawi
protoype housing model for expectant mothers pre delivery
2018 Regional Market
@ Dandaji, Niger
architectural permanent support structure for weekly market
precedents
2020 New Guabuliga Market
@ Guabuliga, Ghana
village center platform for social and commercial activities
2020 Women’s House Ouled Merzoug
Ouled Merzoug, Morocco
meeting, working, learning place for women
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia Tligui
Maternity Waiting Village
2015 @ Kasungu, Kasungu District, Malawi
protoype housing model for expectant mothers pre delivery
“Maternal mortality due to complications during childbirth remains a major global problem. In 2010 in Malawi,
about one in thirty-six women had a lifetime risk of dying during pregnancy or delivery, largely from preventable
causes. Maternal waiting homes have been used to increase access to skilled professionals located adjacent to
health centers. These facilities provide a monitored space for expectant mothers starting from their thirty-sixth
week until their delivery. The president of Malawi initiated an effort in 2012 to build 130 such facilities across
the country.”
site: Kasungu, capital of the Kasungu District, Malawi: 1,342m os., humid subtropical climate, rainy season
from November/December to March/April; dry season from May to October
clients:
Malawi Ministry of Health
The Presidential Initiative for Safe Motherhood
University of North Carolina - Malawi
cooperation:
MASS. design group
+ partners: Arup (Tim White), Mazzetti, Builts Environs Ltd., The Malawi Ministry of Health, The Presidential
Initiative for Safe Motherhood, The Gates Foundation, The Autodesk Foundation in cooperation with doctors,
nurses and expectant mothers and a local hospital
Manufacturers: Built Environs Ltd, Nutec Boards Everite Building Products, Plastered CSEB, Plasterwork Skirt-
ing, RAIPLY Malawi Ltd, Safintra Roofings and Steel - Malawi
users: expectant mothers from pregnancy week 36 until delivery and their attendants, medical staff
process: commissioned cooperation
programm: sleeping units, sanitary units, kitchen units, courtyard spaces to socialize and gather, education areas
services: medical monitoring of expectant mothers, support workshops around pre- and postnatal care, handi-
craft trainings to help mothers earn income while away from home
construction + materiality: replicable modules built of locally sourced materials (earth, wood, )
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia Tliguispacial qualities:
-village structure: “a series of smaller compounds clustered around small courtyards”
-programm coming from vernacular malawi village structures
-small scale accomodation communities encourage knowledge sharing between experienced and first ime mothers
-large roofs for outdoor activities on rainy as well as dry seasons, overhangs create shade and shelter
-large roof overhangs: shades and shelter, space to accomodate family members and attendants traveling with
mothers
shared spaces = centers of activity and learning
courtyards: spaces to socialize and gather; spaces
education areas: support workshops around pre- and postnatal care, handicraft trainings to help mothers earn
income while away from home (making up for the wage loss)
construction and materiality qualities
daylight + natural ventilation + compressed earth blocks (absorb solar rays during the day, radiate heat during
the night) + partly locally sourced material & craftsmenship
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiRegional market
2018 @ Dandaji, Niger
permanent support structure for weekly market
“In rural Niger, markets run on a weekly basis, allowing sellers to move from village to village all week long to
offer their products. With a rapidly increasing population, the village Dandaji felt a need for a more permanent
market for its own inhabitants to both procure and sell goods in a more consistent way.”
site: Dandaji, Niger: rural market place that is organized around one ancestral tree, hot and arid climate
clients: Village of Dandaji
cooperation: atelier masomi, Mariam Kamara, Harouna Diallo
Manufacturers: Entreprise Salou Alpha & Fils, Metal Fabrication:Atelier de Technologie Métallique
users: local farmers, village inhabitant and sellers
process: public project
programm: vending stalls, storage sheds, motorcycle parks, good platforms, benches, garbage disposal, amphi-
theater around ancestral tree, rest areas, butchers spaces, prayer area, restrooms, shaded alleys
services: everyday market and public gathering space
construction + materiality: Compressed Earth Bricks, recycled metal canopys,
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiNew guabuliga Market
2020 @ guabuliga, Ghana
village center platform for social and commercial activities
“Based on a broad cultural, social and spatial research, the design for a marketplace in Ghana aims at providing
shade, water and solid ground for the rural agricultural village of Guabuliga. An iconic modular market structure
was completed aiming to attract traders to the remote town and strengthen the socio-economic performance of
the community.”
site: Guabuliga Village, Ghana, hot and arid climate, farming and off-farming season
clients: NGO Braveaurora, Chief Salifu Mahama Tampurie
cooperation: [applied] Foreign Affairs, Institute of Architecture, University of Applied Arts Vienna:
Toms Kampars, Magdalena Gorecka, Chien-hua Huang, with Juergen Strohmayer and Abdul-Rauf
Issahaque, lead: Baerbel Mueller // consultancy: Franz Sam (structural engineering and details) Klaus
Bollinger (structural engineering), Karin Raith (landscape design), Frank Kumah (water and sanitary)
Manufacturers: GreenArc LLC (Arch. Daniel Telly), Flowater Construction Limited (Eng. Frank Ku-
mah), Zach Metalworks-Gumani, Gratis Foundation
users: inhabitants and inhabitants of neighboring places around the “green belt”
process: cooperation with the village and the [applied] Foreign Affairs since 2011, several field trips
until project development and realization from 2018-2019, another extension in 2020, more to come..
the building process itself generating income generating opportunities for the people, that are affected
by unemployment in the off-farming season
programm: platform, roofs, shop, water source, and seating area and pylons that can be appropriated for shades,
displays etc.
services: providing an attractive trade environment, allowing an informal appropriation of the space
construction + materiality: cellular geometries for future expansions, local materials and craftsmanship
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia Tliguiwomen’s house Ouled Merzoug
2020 @ Ouled Merzoug, Morocco
meeting, working, learning place for women
“Called Women’s House Ouled Merzoug, the center is a place for women in the village to gather and share their
work as craftspeople with their community, and with visitors to the area.
Building Beyond Borders, a group of architecture postgraduates and academics from Universiteit Hasselt School
of Expert Education (UHasselt SEE) in Belgium, created the project with the Association des Femmes d’Ouled
Merzoug (AFOM).”
site: Ouled Merzoug, Idelsane, Morocco, On the hill, on the crossing of informal paths.
client: Women’s Association of Ouled Merzoug (Association des Femmes d’Ouled Merzoug (AFOM)
cooperation: Design & build Participants of Building Beyond Borders postgraduate certificate UHas-
selt, 2018-2019; Project initiators and academic tutors: Academic team of the UHasselt postgraduate
certificate Building Beyond Borders and BC architects & studies // Team of local workers and women
of AFOM
Manufacturers: Team Of Local Workers
users: women of AFOM and invited local community
process: participatory process, close collaboration of the UHasselt SEE, the AFOM Association and
local workers
programm: “a meeting, working and learning place in the center of the village. A place where women can share
their crafts with the community and visitors “; entrance through central meeting place, a public heart, the ‘cour’,
workshop space, baking house, intimate gardens for both ateliers and boulangerie’s experimentations (wool
dying, recipé testing)
construction + materiality: “Maximizing the use of local and natural materials and minimizing the amount of
construction waste, were taken as base principles in this project.” “granite rocks from surrounding hills, adobe
bricks, eucalyptus beams, reed from ‘the Palmeraie’, different mixes of local earth, river sand, lime, and straw
Collaborating with local crafts(wo)men. For the interior of the Women’s House, the collaboration with local
craftswomen for the floors and walls and craftsmen were key. Here again, local materials were put in the spot-
light. The women designed and wove the curtains and helped with building the cob oven in the garden of the
bakery. The doors and eucalyptus beams under the kitchen counter were made by local woodworkers. The exteri-
or lamps and ceramic objects were shaped together with the local potter.”
spacial qualities:
The main façades at the ends of the building capture two beautiful panoramic views: sunrise over the mountains
and sunset over the river
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia Tliguilongterm Umberto Pasti Garden
@ Tangier, Morocco
a garden of incomparable beauty with the mission to preserve the botanical
richness of the region
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiDegree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiGarden of the hesperides
female futures in rural morocco
Research and Programm
WS 2021/2022Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiDegree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiDegree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiDegree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiDegree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiHolistic health from a Muslim-female perspective
Looking into Morocco’s “National Strategy for Equity and Equality” from 2016 which involves Around half of the available drugs are derived from medicinal plants (Yarnell & Abascal 2002; Har-
“eight pivotal areas, namely access to education and health services, fighting against all forms of gen- vey 2008), which shows the importance of preserving the knowledge around local medicinal plants,
der-based discrimination, equal access to decision-making positions, institutionalizing gender-equal- and the protection of these botanical species as well as a supportive structure for a continuation of
ity, improving the living conditions of women and girls, providing equal opportunities in the job memetic knowledge transfers to the next generation.
market and the social and economic empowerment of women”(Boutieri, 2026), we can grasp the The study has documented “a total of 152 medicinal plant species belonging to 44 botanical families.”
span of fields in which women are structurally oppressed. That can “treat up to 123 conditions or symptoms classified into 15 pathological groups according to
the ICPC-2 classification of diseases”
This thesis will not provide an all-embracing solution for every gap in equality Moroccan society is Concluding, that the perception and attitude of the inhabitants reveales a serious threat towars the
facing, but tries to improve the living condition of women and girls in the rural area around Sidi-El trend of losing confidence on healing properties of medicinal plants, which call for urgent need for
Yamani between Atlantic Sea and the Rif Mountains, regarding their specific needs of access to the transcription, and conservation of the traditional medicinal heritage of the area (Zahrae, 2019)
health services and socio-economic empowerment, as well as offering a supportive structure to or-
ganize themselves and connect them to an infrastructure of education and care. Locating this study surely as one contribution of transcribing this traditional medicinal heritage, I
In the local communities of rural Morocco, women play a key role of the collective wellbeing, as “pri- locate the contribution of this project in the realm of conserving.
mary care givers, who draw an oral tradition, personal experience, and common sense in their efforts
to prevent diagnose, and treat illnesses in the household (...) before paying a professional healer.”2 I propose a collectively maintained “garden of health”, where all local medicinal
species of plants are grown and nurtured and the knowledge around their healing
As the population here is widely conservative, treating illnesses internally has a long tradition, which properties is shared.
has both positive and negative side effects. As the people rely on home remedies, they would only An archive of seeds to conserve these species and a library of knowledge around the
make it to a biomedical practitioner, when the situation is quite critical already, even though a fast- theme of local medicinal plants, ritual and traditional healing practices of the region,
er intervention would have had a higher effectiveness. On the other hand, we can still find a high accompanied with spaces for workshops on health and herbs, as well as spaces for
knowledge of traditional medicines as well as healing rituals and holistic health care practice, which visiting researchers and artists, in order to implement this project in a global context
are worth conserving. of shared knowledge and culture.
Ethnopharmacy Maternal healthcare, analysis of lacks and potentials
A recent study by Fatima Zahrae reveals, around 50 % of the local population in Talessemtane Na- Looking on physical wellbeing of women specifically, maternal healthcare and vaginal health get into
tional Park in Northern Morocco “still prefers the use of traditional medicine for daily healthcare, and focus, in order to eliminate lacks in services and develop potentials.
a few of them support these traditional medicines along with conventional drugs”. Referring to a study which identifies barriers to accessing skilled maternal health care in rural Moroc-
Zahrae contemplates the importance of “the documentation of knowledge” as an “essential step in co from 2021, a “woman in a rural area is half as likely to have her birth attended by a skilled birth
ethnobiology, since it provides further studies and evaluates indigenous pharmacopoeias” and is pro- attendant (55%) than a women in an urban are (92%)”, despite the government’s efforts on reducing
viding these throughout the study: maternal mortality by providing free childbirth services in all public hospitals (Baayd, 2021).
These public maternal health care services are provided on two scales: The “Primary Maternal Health
2
Marybeth MacPhee (2003) Medicine for the heart: The embodiment of faith in Morocco, Medical Anthropology, 22:1, 53-83
3
Jami Baayd (2021) Identifying barriers to accessing skilled maternal health care in rural Morocco, published in: African Journal of Centers” (PMHC’s), which are located in villages on the countryside, and large regional hospitals
Reproductive Health February 2021; 25 (1): 20
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia Tliguiplaced in urban areas. needed transportation to the bigger hospitals can be offered in time. At least two
A third, but informal scale of maternal health care services is provided by Kabla’s, traditional birth house own ambulances, that offer transportation between this “Kabla’s House”,
attendants, who accompany the women of their villages through pregnancy, birth and child bed in the women’s home and hospitals, as well as a cooperation to the hospital of Tangier,
the context of their own households with the help of traditional healing practices without taking a embodied by Hospital’s doctors and anesthesiologists, being present 24 /7 for bio-
fee. They “attend home births and may accompany laboring women to the hospital, where they serve medical treatment possibilities and to decide, when to transfer the patients over. I am
a supporting role”. proposing to empower the Kablas, and provide them everything they need to per-
form their practices and provide a promising future, by providing a learning platform,
Even though “women feel well cared for and safe giving birth in the large regional hospitals” (Baayd, where they can go through additional formal training to extend their knowledge and
2021), incidental costs regarding transportation, localization or required medication are a prohibitive to guide each other.
factor for rural women accessing services of these public facilities. Equipment for blood pressure, ultrasound machines, CTG’s a stock of biomedical and
The PMHC’s, which should be the public infrastructure reaching the rural population is not perceived natural pharmacy, as well as well trained medical staff and frequent training opportu-
as a save or good environment for giving birth, as these facilities are seemingly understaffed, under nities on the interface of biomedicine and traditional midwifery-
supplied and unwelcoming (Baayd, 2021). What I am proposing is on the scale of the existing PMHC’s, as “they are not adequate
The Kabla’s, with who’s support the women feel save and well-cared for giving birth though are to meet the women’s needs” (Baayd 2021), why I am applying a holistic approach on
lacking certain equipment and formal training as well as wages in order to make a living themselves. well-being, by acknowledging and promoting the Kabla’s importance and placing a
supportive program around their demands to develop their full potential and embed-
We see, all these three scales of maternal health services are lacking essential qualities. At the same ding it in a socially sustainable context.
time, each of them are showing needed qualities. The bigger hospitals have the biomedical knowl-
edge, equipment and well trained staff, the PHMC’s have a good population reach by their locality, Community Engagement and Participatory Potentials
and the Kabla’s know the communities and women and can provide a save environment for normal This socially sustainable context would be represented by adding more communal functions, working
birthing scenarios as well as being an indispensable mental support and mentor in this extreme expe- on other fields of holistic wellbeing, namely in the area of the mind, looking on the socio-economic
rience, knowing when a change of treatment, or location is needed. realities and opportunities the women are facing and looking towards to.
In order to provide a save space, it is also inevitable to offer ways of income, while spending time
As this analysis shows, all lacks on qualities described, happen on different levels, why I argue that an here, in order to make sure, no women in need is hesitating to come, due to wage loss by not partici-
appropriate concept of maternal health services as part of an architectural program can be a woven pating in household tasks, as showcased in the architect-university-government cooperated project of
carpet of these findings. the maternity waiting village in Malawi.
In order
For this part I am proposing a space, that is providing necessary birth attendant equip-
ment for and run by the Kablas of the region them selfs, as suggested in the study of To build a bridge between these topics of ethnobotany, the women’s wellbeing and the importance
Baayd in conversation with local women. of adding ways to gain income for women participating in this project as patients, Kabla’s or others,
Additionally there should be wards for pregnant women and their attendants, to be this “garden of health” with it’s scientific and cultural relevance, provides the opportunity to generate
monitored before the critical or final phases of their pregnancy and beyond, so that monetary value. Namely by being a possible source of herbal medicine such as oils, cremes or glob
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia Tliguiules, that can be produced on site, founding a label for plant based medicine.
While the women of the maternal health program or their attendants spend time here, they can par-
ticipate in the maintenance of the garden or the production of essential oils and earn money for their
households while being absent.
Additionally women and girls from the area are invited to come to this hub of wellbeing, to partic-
ipate in communal tasks of care around the garden, meet in a save environment for practicing their
spiritual rituals together by praying, chanting, dancing and sharing food, knowledge and experiences
with each other.
Workshops, which content is answering to the interests and educational needs of girls and women
formulated through a participatory process led by researchers of education and culture from Mo-
roccan Universities will be offered, to reduce the gender gap in education and to inform about legal
rights, opportunities and chances for a flourishing female future in rural Morocco.
This participatory approach is following the conviction that a local community is more perceptive to-
wards the culture, condition, challenges, and opportunities in the area that can be beneficial to the de-
velopment (L Widaningsih, 2021) Those aspects, the general population does not have the expertise
and technical knowledge about, has to be covered by facilitation and encouragement that provides
opportunities for them to develop their own potential and environment (R.Luck 2018) which can be
embedded in this project proposal.
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiEthnobotanical Garden of Health
P. Psychological
Species:
Alkanna tinctoria Allium cepa Allium sativum Arbutus unedo Zingiber officinale
Daucus muricatus (L.) L. (TMP-B021); Torilis arvensis (Huds.)
Link subsp. neglecta (Schult.) Thell. (TMP-B048); Torilis japonica
(Houtt.) DC. (TMP-B053); Arum maculatum L. (TMP-B056); Arte-
misia absinthium L. (TMP-B060); Lactuca sativa L. (TMP-B038);
Matricaria chamomilla L. (TMP-B074); Alkanna tinctoria L.
(TMP-B080); Cannabis sativa L. (TMP-B085); Arbutus unedo L.
(TMP-B091); Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (TMP-B102); Crocus
sativus L. (TMP-B108); Melissa officinalis L. (TMP-B039); Mentha
suaveolens Ehrh. (TMP-B122); Ocimum basilicum L. (TMP-B124);
Origanum compactum Benth. (TMP-B125); Thymus capitellatus
Hoffmanns. & Link. (TMP-B134); Allium cepa L. (TMP-B168);
Allium sativum L. (TMP-B169); Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl, nom. Artemisia absinthium Arum maculatum Cannabis Sativa Crocus sativus
cons. (TMP-B141); Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D. A. Webb (TMP-B157);
Zingiber officinale Roscoe (TMP-B167)
Treated diseases & symptoms codes:
Sexual fulfilment reduced P08 ; Sleep disturbance P06 ; Feeling
anxious/nervous P01 ; Sexual desire reduced P07 ; Anorexia P86 ;
Feeling Anxiety disorder P74
From:”The status and perception of medicinal plants by local popu-
lation of Talassemtane National Park (Northern Morocco)”
Daucus muratus Fraxinus angustifolia Lactuca sativa Matricaria chamomilla
Origanum compactum Melissa officinalis Ocimum basilicum Prunus dulcis Torilis japonica Trigonella feonum-graecum
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiEthnobotanical Garden of Health
W. Pregnancy, Childbearing, Family Planning
Species:
Adiantum capillus-veneris L. (TMP-B172); Eryngium bourgatii
Gouan (TMP-B023); Smyrnium olusatrum L. (TMP-B044);
Thapsia villosa L. (TMP-B046); Anacyclus pyrethrum (L.) Link
(TMP-B059); Chamaeleon gummifer (L.) Cass. (TMP-B066);
Cichorium intybus L. (TMP-B067); Echinops glaberrimus DC.
(TMP-B070); Lactuca sativa L. (TMP-B038); Euphorbia heliosco-
pia L. (TMP-B092); Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (TMP-B102);
Salvia officinalis L. (TMP-B130)
Treated diseases & symptoms codes:
Abortion induced W83 ; Post-partum symptom W18 ; Antepartum
bleeding W03 ; Infertility W15 ; Post-partum bleeding W17 ; Lacta-
tion symptom W19 Adiantum capillus-veneris Anacylus pyrethrum Chamaeleon gummifer Cichorium intybus
From:”The status and perception of medicinal plants by local popu-
lation of Talassemtane National Park (Northern Morocco)”
Lactuca sativa Trigonella feonum-graecum Salvia officinalis Eryngium bourgatii gouan Euphorbia helioscopia Smyrnium olusatrum Thapsia villosa
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiEthnobotanical Garden of Health
X. Female Genital
Species:
Ammi majus L. (TMP-B001); Eryngium ilicifolium Lam.
(TMP-B027); Artemisia absinthium L Artemisia arborescens L.
(TMP-B060); Seriphidium herba-alba (Asso) J. Soják (TMP-B061);
Matricaria chamomilla L. (TMP-B074); Ricinus communis L.
(TMP-B094); Lavandula angustifolia Mill. (TMP-B115); Lavandula Ammi majus Eryngium ilicifolium Lavandula dentata Lavendula angustifolia
dentata L. (TMP-B116); Marrubium vulgare L. (TMP-B118); Orig-
anum majorana L.(TMP-B126); Origanum vulgare L. (TMP-B128);
Rosmarinus officinalis L. (TMP-B129); Salvia officinalis L.
(TMP-B130); Salvia argentea L. (TMP-B131); Allium sativum L.
(TMP-B169); Punica granatum L. (TMP-B149); Nigella sativa L.
(TMP-B153)
Treated diseases & symptoms codes:
Menstrual pain X02 ; Menstruation absent X05 ; Vaginal infections
X14 ; Menstruation Excessive X06 ; Menstrual irregular X07 ; Gen-
ital pain female X01 ; Vaginal symptom X15
From:”The status and perception of medicinal plants by local popu-
lation of Talassemtane National Park (Northern Morocco)”
Marrubium vulgare Nigella sativa Origanum majorana Punica granatum
Allium sativum Matricaria chamomilla Ricinus communis Rosmarinus officinalis Salvia officinalis Serihidium herba-alba
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiThe Area
© 2018 Matti Page
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiThe village
© 2018 Matti Page
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiThe market
© 2018 Matti Page
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia Tliguialso
“The market”
© 2018 Matti Page
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiGarden of the hesperides
female futures in rural morocco
Design MethodologyDesign methodology
The project is dedicated to a Muslim community, that is economically and socially lacking hope in
their futures. As it is part of their spiritual practice to surround yourself with holy writings, and sym-
bols, I dedicated the methodology of my design around the theme of Islamic pattering.
Throughout the history of Muslim Morocco, these patterns were used to design and decorate sacred
spaces, by using the pattern’s infrastructure to inform the design of this building, additional meaning
and profound recognition is put on to a group of people that is so far often forgotten or mistreated.
The way Islamic geometric patterns are constructed, follows a very rigid step by step through mathe-
matical rules, circle divisions and steps to finally come to the resulting pattern.
Most patterns are coming descending from a base polygon, in which borders the pattern construction
takes place, and by putting these polygons together, we get a field of patterns, that can be informed
in different manners.
Historically the handcrafting of these patterns was around subtractive and additive methods, such as
woodcarving or tiling.
I am spotlighting the in between steps of the pattern construction and, by lino printing them, give
these steps of construction the main focus.
In the further development of my project, i then used these in between patterns and a source of in-
formation to create the structure and volume of my building and for treating the ground. Because
all these levels are intertwining naturally, as they belong together, I am proofing, that the step wise
pattern design can be used as a base regulation for urban design, landscape design, or architecture,
to create shapes that answer to eachother.
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiZellij at the Marinid Mosque of Chella, 2017
“Patterns can be seen as latent forms potentially ready to incarnate into tangible and intangible elements
where there is no apparent structure, and also as connecting agents, able to articulate
space and to produce diversity and beauty.”
-Salvator-John A. Liotta
in: Patterns and Layering : Japanese Spatial Culture, Nature and Architecture A
journey in the activities of Kengo Kuma Lab at the University of Tokyo
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia Tligui“A Marinid wooden ceiling at the Bu ‘Inaniyya
madrasa in Fez, Morocco, comprised of an acute
pattern with 8- and 16-pointed stars that is cre-
ated from the fourfold system B (copyright by
David Wade)”
Jay Bonner: Islamic Geometric Patterns: Their Historical Development and
Traditional Methods of Construction (p.109 + 110)
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia Tligui“Figure 186 shows an acute design created from this system that incorporates 8- and 16-pointed
stars into a pattern matrix that repeats with both a rhombic grid (dash lines) and hexagonal grid
(white). The artist who created this design resolved the pattern lines associated with the dispropor-
tionately long pentagons that separate the 16-gons in the underlying tessellation very nicely.”
Jay Bonner: Islamic Geometric Patterns: Their Historical Development and Traditional Methods of Construction (p.294 + p. 298)
Foufold System
Jay Bonner: Islamic Geometric Patterns: Their Historical Development and Traditional Methods of Construction (p.109 + 110)
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia Tligui“A Marinid wooden ceiling at the Bu ‘Inaniyya
madrasa in Fez, Morocco, comprised of an acute
pattern with 8- and 16-pointed stars that is cre-
ated from the fourfold system B (copyright by
David Wade)”
Jay Bonner: Islamic Geometric Patterns: Their Historical Development and
Traditional Methods of Construction (p.109 + 110)
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiFocus: Pattern Construction Field Polygon
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiFocus: Pattern Construction Field
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiDegree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiDegree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiDegree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiDegree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiDegree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiDegree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiGarden of the hesperides
female futures in rural morocco
Design Proposalra
zo
>M
>>
Kabla’s House
Ambulance
Multifunctional Ritual Space
Expectance Village
Ethnobotanical Center of Wisdom
Weekly Market
“Souk Tnine de Sidi Lyamani”
Landscape Photography © 2018 Matti Page
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiGardening and Herbal Production Space
Kabla’s Ambulance
A
Expectant’s Accomodation A
1st Floor
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiExpectant’s Accomodation
A
Expectant’s Accomodation A
Kabla’s Training and Backoffice
2nd Floor
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiExpectant’s Accomodation
A
A
Kabla’s Training and Backoffice
3rd Floor
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiDegree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia Tligui
Expectant’s Accomodation
Section AA
Kabla’s Training and Backoffice
Kabla’s Ambulance
Landscape Photography © 2018 Matti PageMortar and Shindles
Base Pattern of Roof Construction
Purlins and Reed
Beams and Rafters
Landscape Photography © 2018 Matti Page
+
Rods
Base Pattern of Room Organisation and Volume
Base Pattern of Treatment of the Ground
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiDegree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiDegree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiBottom View Roof Structure Top View Roof Structure
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiModel Photography
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiDegree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiDegree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiThank You!
Degree Project
“female futures in rural morocco“
Sophia TliguiYou can also read
