FOR PRELIMS AND MAINS - DAILY NEWS DIARY 13.05.2022
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DAILY NEWS DIARY 13.05.2022
DAILY NEWS DIARY
Of
13.05.2022
FOR PRELIMS AND MAINS 1
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DAILY NEWS DIARY 13.05.2022
Warm Greetings.
➢ DnD aims to provide every day news analysis in sync with the UPSC pattern.
➢ It is targeted at UPSC – Prelims & Mains.
➢ Daily articles are provided in the form of Question and Answers
• To have a bank of mains questions.
• And interesting to read.
• Providing precise information that can be carried straight to the exam, rather than over
dumping.
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DAILY NEWS DIARY 13.05.2022
INDEX
GS 2
1. India Hypertension Control Initiative (IHCI)……………….…………………………………….………..……….04
GS 3
1. Observations of the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT)…………………………………………… …..………..05
2. PAN-Aadhaar interoperability……………….…………………………………………………………………………..07
Short Questions………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….08
Prelims practice questions………………………………………………………………………………………………….10
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DAILY NEWS DIARY 13.05.2022
GS 2
❖ POLITY & GOVERNANCE
Q) Explain the significance of the India Hypertension Control Initiative (IHCI).
Context:
A project called the India Hypertension Control Initiative (IHCI) finds that nearly 23% out of 2.1
million Indians have uncontrolled blood pressure.
IHCI:
▪ Recognizing that hypertension is a serious, and growing, health issue in India, the Health
Ministry, the ICMR, State Governments, and WHO-India began a five-year initiative to
monitor and treat hypertension.
▪ The programme was launched in November 2017.
▪ In the first year, IHCI covered 26 districts across five States — Punjab, Kerala, Madhya
Pradesh, Telangana, and Maharashtra.
▪ By December 2020, IHCI was expanded to 52 districts across ten States — Andhra Pradesh
(1), Chhattisgarh (2), Karnataka (2), Kerala (4), Madhya Pradesh (6), Maharashtra (13),
Punjab (5), Tamil Nadu (1), Telangana (13) and West Bengal (5).
Hypertension:
Hypertension is defined as having systolic blood pressure level greater than or equal to 140
mmHg or diastolic blood pressure level greater than or equal to 90 mmHg. The definition also
assumes taking anti-hypertensive medication to lower his/her blood pressure.
Need of IHCI:
▪ India has committed to a “25 by 25” goal, which aims to reduce premature mortality due
to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) by 25% by 2025.
▪ To achieve India’s target of a 25%, approximately 4.5 crore additional people with
hypertension need to get their BP under control by 2025.
What has the IHCI found so far?
1. Its most important discovery so far is that nearly one-fourth of (23%) patients under the
programme had uncontrolled blood pressure, and 27% did not return for a follow-up in
the first quarter of 2021.
2. There were an estimated 20 crore adults with hypertension in the country.
3. There weren’t enough validated high-quality digital blood pressure monitors in several
health facilities, which affected accuracy of hypertension diagnosis.
How prevalent is the problem of hypertension?
✓ About one-fourth of women and men aged 40 to 49 years have hypertension.
✓ Southern States have a higher prevalence of hypertension than the national average,
according to the latest edition of the National Family Health Survey.
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✓ While 21.3% of women and 24% of men aged above 15 have hypertension in the country,
the prevalence is the highest in Kerala where 32.8% men and 30.9% women have been
diagnosed with hypertension.
✓ Kerala is followed by Telangana where the prevalence is 31.4% in men and 26.1% in
women.
Source: The Hindu
GS 3
❖ SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Q) What are the key observations of the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT)?
Context:
Scientists from the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) facility revealed the first image of the black
hole at the centre of our galaxy i.e. the Milky Way. The Milky Way is a spiral galaxy that contains
at least 100 billion stars. Viewed from above or below it resembles a spinning pinwheel, with our
sun situated on one of the spiral arms and Sagittarius A* located at the centre.
Sagittarius A*:
• Pronounced Sagittarius ‘A’ star, it refers to the believed location of the supermassive
black hole in the centre of our galaxy.
• About 50 years ago, astronomers identified an area within the constellation of Sagittarius
that was the strongest region of radio emission – thus making it the likely centre of the
Milky Way.
• It possesses 4 million times the mass of our sun and is located about 26,000 light-years—
the distance light travels in a year, 5.9 trillion miles (9.5 trillion km)—from Earth.
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Event horizon:
• Black holes are extraordinarily dense objects with gravity so strong that not even light can
escape, making viewing them extremely challenging.
• A black hole’s event horizon is the point of no return beyond which anything—stars,
planets, gas, dust and all forms of electromagnetic radiation—gets dragged into oblivion.
• The closer someone came to a black hole, the greater the speed they would need to
escape that massive gravity.
• The event horizon is the threshold around the black hole where the escape velocity
surpasses the speed of light.
Recent Observations:
1. The image of Sagittarius A* (SgrA*) gave support to the idea that the compact object at
the centre of our galaxy is indeed a black hole, strengthening Einstein’s general theory of
relativity.
2. The image was obtained using the EHT’s global network of observatories working
collectively to observe radio sources associated with black holes.
3. It showed a ring of light —super-heated disrupted matter and radiation circling at
tremendous speed at the edge of the event horizon—around a region of darkness
representing the actual black hole.
4. This is called the black hole’s shadow or silhouette.
How did Einstein’s theory found its proof here?
• According to Einstein’s theory, nothing can travel faster through space than the speed of
light.
• This means a black hole’s event horizon is essentially the point from which nothing can
return.
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• The name refers to the impossibility of witnessing any event taking place inside that
border, the horizon beyond which one cannot see.
About EHT Facility:
✓ EHT project is a large telescope array consisting of a global network of radio telescopes.
✓ It combines data from several very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI) stations around
Earth, which form a combined array.
✓ It provides an angular resolution sufficient to observe objects the size of a supermassive
black hole’s event horizon.
In 2019, the eHT facility made history by releasing the first-ever image of a black hole,
M87* — the black hole at the centre of a galaxy Messier 87, which is a supergiant elliptic
galaxy.
Source: The Hindu
❖ ECONOMY
Q) “PAN, Aadhaar made mandatory for high-value cash deposits and withdrawals”. Discuss.
Context:
The government has made requirement of a Permanent Account Number (PAN) or Aadhaar
number for depositing or withdrawing Rs 20 lakh or more in a financial year or for opening a
current account mandatory.
Regulating high-value transactions:
• The Central Board of Direct Taxes, in a notification, said furnishing PAN or biometric
Aadhaar will be mandatory for such high-value cash deposits or withdrawals from banks
in a financial year.
• The same will be applied for opening of a current account or cash credit account with a
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bank or post office.
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• Banks, post offices and co-operative societies would be required to report the
transactions of deposits and withdrawals aggregating to Rs 20 lakh or more in a financial
year.
• As of now, PAN is required to be furnished for cash deposits of Rs 50,000 or more in a
day.
• With these rules, a threshold of Rs 20 lakh has been defined for the full financial year.
How will this help tax department?
This move will help the government in tracing the movement of cash in the financial system. It is
expected to help the income tax department monitor deposits/withdrawals where tax would not
be getting paid by the individual otherwise on his or her income.
PAN-Aadhaar interoperability:
a) The PAN-Aadhaar interoperability will help banks to record details for those who don’t
have PAN.
b) The interchangeable provision in the rules would allow a bank or financial institution to
ask for Aadhaar in case an individual states that he or she doesn’t have PAN.
c) The Finance Act, 2019, has provided for the interchangeability of PAN with Aadhaar.
d) It has been provided that every person who is required to furnish or intimate or quote his
PAN under the Income-tax Act.
e) Those who, has not been allotted a PAN but possesses the Aadhaar number, may furnish
or intimate or quote his Aadhaar in lieu of PAN.
Source: Indian Express
SNIPPETS
GS 2
❖ POLITY & GOVERNANCE
Q) Write a short note on PM Ujjwala scheme.
Context:
In the financial year 2021-22, 90-lakh beneficiaries of the flagship welfare scheme, Pradhan
Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY), did not take refill gas cylinders. And over one crore beneficiaries
got their refills only once.
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PM Ujjwala Yojana:
▪ Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY) was launched in 2016, with the aim to provide
Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) connections to five crore women members of below
poverty line (BPL) households in the first phase.
▪ The scheme was expanded in April 2018 to include women beneficiaries from seven more
categories (SC/ST, PMAY, AAY, Most backward classes, tea garden, forest dwellers,
Islands).
▪ In the second phase the target was expanded to eight crore LPG connections.
Why was this scheme launched?
✓ Indoor air pollution is also responsible for a significant number of acute respiratory
illnesses in young children.
✓ Providing LPG connections to BPL households will ensure universal coverage of cooking
gas in the country.
✓ This measure has empowered women and protected their health. It reduced drudgery
and the time spent on cooking.
✓ It will also provide employment for rural youth in the supply chain of cooking gas.
Ujjwala 2.0
Now migrant workers would only be required to submit a self-declaration of their residential
address to get the gas connection.
Along with a deposit-free LPG connection, Ujjwala 2.0 will provide the first refill and a hotplate
free of cost to the beneficiaries.
Source: The Hindu
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Q) The second phase of the MSME RuPay Credit Card was launched with the National
Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) and 4 banks. Which of the following bank is not
included?
a. Kotak Mahindra Bank
b. Bank of Baroda
c. ICIC Bank
d. HDFC Bank
▪ Hey from Yesterday –
Q) In the context of recent Supreme Court judgement regarding vaccine hesitancy, the right
to bodily integrity comes under the purview of which of the following Article of the Indian
Constitution?
▪ Article 21
▪ Article 22
▪ Article 24
▪ Article 25
Answer: c
Explanation:
• Union Minister for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) launched the
second phase of the MSME RuPay Credit Card with the National Payments
Corporation of India (NPCI) and 4 banks- Kotak Mahindra Bank, Bank of Baroda, SBM
Bank (India), and HDFC Bank.
• Banks can monitor the transactions of MSME borrowers at a micro-level. With the
availability of digital payments, the MSME RuPAY Credit Card will reduce the
demand for cash withdrawal.
• The MSME RuPAY Credit Card cannot be used for personal purposes. Banks may
prohibit the usage of this card on some Merchant codes like Gambling, Jewellery,
etc. based on the activity of the borrower.
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UPSC - CSE
OUR PROGRAMS TARGETING 2022 – 23
OFFLINE / ONLINE
COURSES OFFERED
GS RAPID REVISION ONLINE COURSE FOR PRELIMS 2022
• POLITY + GEOGRAPHY MODULE FROM 2nd May to 9th May 2022
• SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY MODULE FROM 10th May to 12th May 2022
• HISTORY MODULE FROM 10th May to 20th May 2022
• CURRENT AFFAIRS MODULE FROM 13th May to 19th May 2022
GS WRAP - UP PRELIMS TEST SERIES 2022
• BOTH OFFLINE AND ONLINE
• STARTS FROM 03rd APRIL 2022
ANTHROPOLOGY OPTIONAL COURSES
• OFFLINE COMPREHENSIVE & FOUNDATION COURSE FROM: 22nd JUNE 2022
• COMPREHENSIVE COURSE FROM: 4th MAY 2022 (ONLINE)
• FOUNDATION COURSE 4th MAY 2022 (ONLINE)
• ANTHROENHANCE TEST SERIES FROM 2nd JULY 2022 (OFFLINE/ONLINE)
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