Expectations of automotive customers when buying and using vehicles - February 2021 - EY
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Expectations of automotive customers when buying and using vehicles The results of the EY survey among Turkish, Hungarian, Romanian, Russian and Czech drivers February 2021
Basic information about the survey The survey of Turkish drivers was In addition to the traditional questions Basic information conducted by EY in order about choosing a car and dealer, buying Respondents' profile to find current trends in the purchase a car over the Internet and looking A total of 3,735 respondents participated of new and used vehicles and to find out at electromobility, which we ask in the survey, of which 613 inhabitants of the opinion of customers on significant respondents every year to monitor the Turkey, 513 inhabitants of Hungary, innovations in the automotive industry. the development of their preferences 507 inhabitants of Romania, 1,589 The same survey was conducted in and needs, this year we focused in more inhabitants of Russia and 513 inhabitants parallel among drivers in Hungary, detail on used cars, brand importance, of Czech Republic divided into groups Romania, Russia and Czech Republic. after-sales service and mobility services. according to: ► Gender The results mainly demonstrate We also asked respondents how they ► Age the different needs of individual groups were affected by the current situation ► Education interested in buying a car. caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. ► Residence This is the fifth year of this unique ► Gross household income survey.* Learn more about the survey ► The conditions for inclusion Presentation structure in the survey were the ownership of a driving license, regular use ► Details of the methodology of the survey of the car and the age between 20 ► Significant findings from the survey and 60 years. ► Survey results ► The survey was conducted in ► Contacts September and October 2020. ► The survey contained 32 questions. Page 2 *Turkey has been added to the survey scope as of 2020.
Details of the methodology of the survey ► In September and October 2020, survey addressed 613 respondents ► Due to the rounding or omission of some type of answer in order to from Turkey, 513 respondents from Hungary and 507 respondents from ensure a more relevant comparison, in some cases the total sum of the Romania via an online questionnaire. Data collection in Russia (1,589 displayed graphs is not equal to 100%. respondents) and Czech Republic (513 respondents) took place through ► For the purposes of this questionnaire, the term seller refers to the local agencies. A common characteristic of all respondents across enterprise as such (premises, equipment, personnel, exhibited vehicles, countries is the ownership of a driver's license, active use of the car and etc.). at the same time belongs to the age category of 20 - 60 years. ► In the case of marking the group as Turks, Hungarians, Romanians, Russians and Czechs, it is not a representation of the nation, but a ► The sample of respondents was adjusted according to the following representative description of drivers from the country according to the quotas - min. 80% have ever bought a car, min. 80% bought a car in the specified survey criteria. Where the results are not compared between last 5 years, min. 35% plan to buy a new car in the next 5 years (the national respondents, they relate only to respondents in Turkey. resulting quota was 49%). Distribution of respondents from Turkey across the monitored categories ► Respondents who have never bought a car and plan to buy it in more than 5 years or do not plan it at all were excluded from the survey. # % ► The main questionnaire was composed of 14 questions for classification Gender: into socio-economic categories and 32 survey questions. Men 357 58 % Women 256 42 % ► Depending on the type of question, the basis of possible answers was Age: chosen either by a specific list of services and functionalities (choice of 20-29 156 25 % one answer or choice of several answers) or by evaluating the given 30-44 345 56 % criterion on a scale from 1 to 5. 45-60 112 18 % Education: Primary school 8 1% High school 135 22 % University 470 77 % Page 4
Characteristics of respondents Have you ever bought a car Does your household own a car Will you buy a new car the next in person?* purchased in the last 5 years? * time you buy one? Men 98 % Women 91 % Men 79 % Women 80 % Men 61 % Women 59 % 95 % 79 % 60 % of respondents, regardless of gender, of respondents indicate that they will buy of respondents' households own a car have personal experience a new car the next time they buy a car. purchased during the last 5 years. with buying a vehicle. 95 % 96 % 98 % 97 % 80 % 97 % 86 % 81 % 33 % 58 % 74 % 49 % Hungarians Romanians Russians Czechs Hungarians Romanians Russians Czechs Hungarians Romanians Russians Czechs In what time frame are you considering buying your next car?* Dealer 2 years 5 years 10 years 63 % 25 % 3% 1% * Both new and used cars. Page 5
Significant findings Page 6
Significant findings from the survey 37 % 67 % 40 % 21 % of respondents prefer fast of respondents consider of respondents will use their of respondents will choose delivery over car guarantee of mileage own resources to buy a car a gasoline powered car at the configuration and vehicle origin as key in next purchase the purchase of a used car 37 % HU, 22 % RO, 36 % RU, 43 % CZ 58 % HU, 45 % RO, 44 % RU, 54 % CZ 43 % HU, 35 % RO, 65 % RU, 50 % CZ 58 % HU, 74 % RO, 62 % RU, 71 % CZ 50 % 53 % 39 % 80 % of respondents are most affected by the positive of respondents would be more interested in buying of respondents will take into account the factor of respondents would use their own car to move within experience with the brand an electric car if the state of good after-sales service the capital city when choosing a car provided purchase price when choosing a car brand subsidies 64 % HU, 45 % RO, 59 % RU, 66 % CZ 67 % HU, 59 % RO, 43 % RU, 57 % CZ 38 % HU, 22 % RO, 33 % RU, 30 % CZ 60 % HU, 85 % RO, 67 % RU, 51 % CZ Page 7
Selection of a car and a dealer Page 8
What effect does the COVID – 19 pandemic have on the planned purchase of a car? Purchase process Purchase plans Did the current situation of COVID - 19 change your plans Has the current situation of COVID – 19 changed your plans for regarding the purchasing process? the purchase of a new vehicle? The situation did not 54 % No, I plan to implement the entire purchasing process in 29 % affect my planned the dealership purchase of a car Hungarians Romanians Russians Czechs 56 % 49 % 47 % 69 % Yes, I will use the test drive and take over the car in the 18 % dealership, but I will take the remaining steps online I will postpone the Yes, I will take over the car in the dealership, but I will 11 % planned purchase until 11 % take the remaining steps online the purchase of the car Hungarians Romanians Russians Czechs is strictly necessary 20 % 15 % 9% 14 % 8% Yes, I will use the test drive, but I will take the remaining steps online I still intend to buy a new 18 % car, but lower class, Yes, from the range of car brands, I choose the one which possibly cheaper car 8% allows me to complete implementation of the purchasing of another brand Hungarians Romanians Russians 4% Czechs process online 10 % 10 % 5% The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected car purchase plans. Mostly, Turks feel affected by this situation; where other nationality respondents do not feel that much affected. Page 9
How do I choose a dealer? How do you choose the car dealer you are visiting? 62% 37% 28% 25% 25% 13% 11% Marketing Variety of brands in Appearance and Own experience Recommendation Distance from home Seller rating on the campaign the sales premises equipment of the from family / work internet dealership premises Own experience Marketing campaign Recommendations from acquaintances according to the preference of the next car Hungarians Romanians Russians Czechs Hungarians Romanians Russians Czechs 19 % 32 % 46 % 47 % 37 % 62 % 21 % 30 % 49 % 15 % New Used Marketing campaigns are the important factor for Turkish people when choosing car dealers to visit; whereas respondents from other countries value their own experience significantly more. Page 10
How many times do I visit a dealer before buying a car? How many times would you visit a dealer before you buy a car? If you visit the dealer more than once before buying, who would you most likely visit? * 2,9 Hungarians Romanians Russians Czechs 2,5 3,1 2,4 2,3 18% 2020 45% Number of visits by age 2,9 2,8 2,8 36% 20 – 29 years 30 – 44 years 45 - 60 years Number of visits according to the preference of the next car The same car dealer several times 2,9 2,7 Several car dealer of the same brand New Used Several car dealers of different brands The average number of visits to dealers by Turkish drivers is higher compared to other countries. However, drivers prefer to visit multiple dealers of different brand, from which relatively low loyalty to the brand can be inferred. Page 11
What engine will your next car have? Diesel Petrol Hybrid GAS (CNG/LPG) Electric No decision has been taken yet 48 % 21 % 13 % 6% 3% 10 % Differences Hungarians 43% 12% 18% 6% 21% between genders 6% CNG / LPG drive 6% Romanians 35% 19% 24% 6% 15% 17 % Hybrid drive 6% Russians 65% 6% 7% 6% 15% 3% Electric drive 2% Czechs 50% 17% 6% 22% Diesel drive want to buy Petrol Diesel Hybrid Electric GAS (CNG/LPG) Don‘t know 55 % 58 % 36 % 20 – 29 years 30 – 44 years 45 - 60 years Interest in a diesel engine is still at the forefront among Turkish drivers indicating fuel consumption is a major decision criteria compared to other countries. The increased popularity of alternative fuels in Hungary and Romania is due to state support through subsidies. Page 12
Am I going to wait for my new car? Is it more important for you to get the car immediately, but to choose only from limited options, or to configure the car as much as possible, but wait for it for a longer time (1/2 year)? Very fast delivery (max 14 days) Maximum configuration 2,9 Very fast delivery prefer Turks 33% 12% 15% 8% 32% 2,5 50 % 44 % 30 % Hungarians 37% 13% 26% 11% 13% Primary Secondary 3,1 University school school Romanians 22% 11% 31% 11% 25% 33 % ofprimarily drivers using a car almost every day around the city prefer very fast Russians 25% 11% 21% 3,1 17% 26% delivery Preferences for configuration options are growing 2,7 with the level of education, as well as with the planned Czechs 24 % 19 % 32 % 9% 16 % value of the acquired cars. Expectations of automotive customers when buying and using vehicles Turkish drivers value car configuration more than other countries, fast delivery is important for all Page 13
Where do I get enough funding? What is the most likely method of financing when you buy your next car? Turks Hungarians Romanians Czechs Russians Own resources 40 % 58 % 45 % 54 % 44 % Other resources 26 % 8% 23 % 8% 13 % Combination 34 % 34 % 33 % 38 % 43 % If you were looking for financing from other sources, what method of financing would you choose? 5% 15% Loan from a bank 20% 10% 20% 34% Loan from family or friends 40% 10% 8% 9% 52% Long-term rental of car 4% 8% Financial leasing 23% 100 28% 29% % 79% Other Turkish drivers prefer to use alternative funding sources rather that own resources more then others. Bank loan is nearly the main address of Turkish drivers (and also Russians) who seek alternative funding where drivers from other countries prefer options of leasing, long term rental and loan from family members significantly more Page 14
How do I decide when buying a used car? 67% Which services are crucial for you when choosing a used car dealer? 35% 26% 26% 22% 18% 8% 2 Guarantee of mileage Additional vehicle Possibility of a large Distance from Financing and Fair offer of the Possibility to change the Other possibility and vehicle origin warranty selection of traveling home insurance offer counter-account of the vehicle in case of a vehicles in one place existing vehicle change of preferences What option would you most likely choose when buying a used car? Authorized car dealer Turks 32% 8% 37% 4% 12% 8% with certification Local car bazaar Hungarians 28% 15% 11% 16% 6% 14% 10% Car dealership networks Romanians 30% 7% 8% 5% 25% 11% 15% Buying over the Internet Imports from abroad Russians 23% 9% 7% 28% 4% 11% 18% Purchase from family, acquaintances or business partners Czechs 33% 6% 11% 8% 11% 18% 12% I wouldn't buy a used car The guarantee of mileage and additional vehicle warranty is a key criteria for for all. Turks and Romanians are significantly distant to online buying compared to others for today’s purchases (future possibilities are asked separately in the next section). Page 15
How important is the brand of the car and what factors affect your choice of the brand? How important is the brand of the car you Which factors influence you the most when own/plan to buy to you? choosing a car brand? Price 67% 3,7 3,3 3,5 3,7 3,1 Safety 66% Fuel economy 53% Positive experience 50% Turks Hungarians Romanians Russians Czechs Positive reccomendations 40% Aftersales services 39% 1 – not at all, I perceive the car only as a means of transport 5 – significantly, the car is a reflection of my personality for me Connectivity 7% Good after-sales service appreciate ` The brand of the car is of the most importance to me, the car is a reflection of my personality 38 % 22 % 33 % 30% Hungarians Romanians Russians Czechs 38 % 38 % 46 % Appreciation for recommendations form other people 20 – 29 years 30 – 44 years 45 - 60 years 34 % 29 % 18% n/a Hungarians Romanians Czechs Turks and Russians perceive the brands of their cars as a reflection of their personality more than others. When choosing a car brand, Turkish drivers value the recommendations from others and the quality of after-sales service more than others; price, fuel economy and safety are the top criteria for all. Page 16
How is your vehicle serviced? Which of these entities have you visited in the last 2 years Which of the following options would motivate you to visit for the purpose of servicing your car? an authorized service center on the next service visit? 45% 45% 35% 7% 30% 28% 13% 10% 9% 21% 13% Other 3% 31% 54% 59% Pro-customer Handover / Waiting time Comfortable Extended Digitization I attend only Other 60% service pick-up for the service location opening hours speed date an authorized service Independent car Axis Title service 29% Appreciation for handover / pick-up speed 19 % 35 % 36% 19% 20% Another authorized Hungarians Romanians Czechs 13% car dealer of the same brand Appreciation for waiting time for service 46% Authorized car dealer 26 % 37 % 31% 32% 40% 38% Hungarians Romanians Czechs Appreciation for extended opening hours Turks Hungarians Romanians Czechs 16 % 24 % 17% Hungarians Romanians Czechs Originally authorized and other authorized service centers are the top choice of Turkish drivers with a significantly higher share than others. Technical capability of the service is the top priority for all. Handover speed, waiting time for service and extended opening hours of the service shop are the top criteria for Turkish drivers. Page 17
How will your vehicle be serviced in the future? If you could choose an ideal way/place to service Which of the following services would you appreciate the next your vehicle, what/where would it be? time you visit a service center?* None of the above is 45 % Service while you wait for quick repairs within 2 hours (e.g. oil change) necessary 60% 16% Disinfection of the car before takeover 37 % Traditional service 53% Videocall of the result of the 38% 27% service inspection Quick check-in/ pick-up of the car in a special place 24/7 without the 39% 36 % 39% 39% Videocall with the service participation of service personnel 31% technician 29% 36% 27% Mobile service or courier, who arrives at the agreed place (for an 33% Contactless takeover of the 26 % appropriate fee) 20% 27% car 15% 51% 41% Communication with a 27% 23% Priority ordering for service within a few days in case of more demanding service technician wearing a 15 % repair / maintenance (at the appropriate additional cost) mask Turks Romanians Hungarians Czechs of drivers in ages 20 - 29 living in Turkey would use the service 41 % quick check-in / pick-up of the car at a place available 24/7 (28% for 45-60 years old drivers) Disinfecting the car before takeover would be appreciated Men 56 % Women 66 % 52 % of drivers in ages 40 - 65 living in Turkey would appreciate traditional service set-up (28% for 20-29 years old drivers) Young Turkish drivers appreciate innovative customer oriented services (quick repair within 2 hours, 7/24 mobile service, etc.) significantly more than elders. Turks appreciate any kind of additional COVID related service approach on top of regular traditional service activities more than others. Page 18
Trends and technologies Page 19
Am I willing to buy my car over the Internet? Can you imagine buying a car over the internet? What would you miss the most when shopping over the internet (2020)? Turks Hungarians Romania Russians Czechs The possibility to personally view thevůz car Možnost osobně si prohlédnout 32% 30 % 12 % 16 % 27 % 20 % Testovací jízda Test driving 24% The opportunity to negotiate Osobní kontakt son the price prodejcem 17% I can't imagine buying a`car over the Internet at all I would Možnost lépe miss nothing smlouvat o ceně 10% Men 20 % Women 21 % I can imagine buying a car over the internet Personal contact with the seller Nechybělo by mi nic 8% 29 % 31 % 23 % The experience of visiting Zážitek az car dealer návštěvy 8% 20-29 years 30-44 years 45-60 years Turks are not much distant to buying a car over internet in future compared to others. In case of an online car purchase, drivers think that hands-on experience and test drive would be missed the most, followed by missing the opportunity to negotiate on the price. This indicates experience stores can complement online car buying experience for new cars; for used cars online buying is still a distant option. Page 20
What services do I expect when buying over the Internet? If you had the option of using these online tools, which would you use during a new car purchase?* Offer and Offer and Ordering Conversation Video call Possibility Price Booking a test conclusion of conclusion of delivery Payments by with the Car configurator with the of buying a calculation drive a financing an insurance of a new car card seller/expert dealer used car contract contract to home 51 % 48 % 36 % 29 % 27 % 25 % 24 % 24 % 22 % 17 % Conversation with the seller/expert 21 % 25 % 14 % n/a Hungarians Romanians Czechs Booking a test drive A video call with the seller would be used by 12 % 20 % 15 % 11 % Hungarians Romanians Russians Czechs 38 % 37 % 52 % Payments by card Primary Secondary University school school 39 % 34 % 19 % n/a Hungarians Romanians Czechs Price calculation, car configuration and booking a test drive online are the most desired services for all respondents. Turks would appreciate online communication with the seller (voice and video calls) significantly more than others while they are more distant to online credit card payment. Page 21
Where can I get a vehicle on the Internet? If you were shopping online, which website would you most likely use for buying a car? Hungarians Romanians 4% Authorized car 53 % 17 % 44 % dealer website 23 % 29 % 28 % I don't care 20 % 34 % 5% Car brand website Russians Czechs 4% 7% 5% Large shopping 19 % 39 % 52 % websites (Amazon, 40 % Sahibinden, vb.) 27 % 36 % 14 % To buy a car online, most respondents in Turkey would choose car brand website, whereas Romanians, Hungarians and Russians would choose authorized car dealer website. Czechs do not care so much about choosing a website, in contrast with other countries. Page 22
What purpose would I use the car‘s Internet connection for? Which of the features related to connecting the car to the Internet would you use? Receiving information on the traffic situation would be appreciated by 58 % Current information on the traffic situation and warnings in case of deterioration 64 % 66 % 68 % Romanians n/a Hungarians Czechs Monitoring the car for the purpose of security and the ability to find the 50 % current position of the car Automatically send service alerts to the dealer would be appreciated by Automatically send service alerts to your dealer, who would offer you a 47 % 24% 36 % 34 % tour n/a Hungarians Romanians Czechs 37 % Payment of parking payments, motorway charges or refuelling charges Delivery of goods to the trunk would be appreciated by Payment of insurance according to mileage data and driving style sent to 15 % 15 % 12 % 13 % 37 % the insurance company from the equipment in your car Hungarians Romanians Russians Czechs Delivery of goods to the trunk of the vehicle at the place where it is parked 23 % Paying insurance based on mileage data would be used by (e.g. purchase of food, goods from an eshop) 22 % 37 % 34 % 28 % Sending notifications about discounts of shops, restaurants, etc. 14 % Hungarians Romanians Russians Czechs in my area Drivers would make the most of traffic information services. There would be interest in delivering goods to the trunk, especially among mid-age respondents and women. Page 23
Is electromobility relevant to me? Would you consider buying an electric car or a hybrid in the future? An electric car would be bought by Electric vehicle It's not an attractive (definitely or within an interesting price offer): option for me and I would not think 74 % 84 % 58 % 54 % 13 % 63 % 23 % about it Hungarians Romanians Russians Czechs In the case of an Hybrid interesting price offer, A hybrid would be bought by I would think about it (definitely or within an interesting price offer): 14 % 66 % 19 % I definitely want 83 % 87 % 68 % 64 % to buy in the Hungarians Romanians Russians Czechs future Electric vehicle (E) / hybrid (H) definitely want to buy 86 % of drivers who drive a car almost every day primarily around the city are interested in buying an electric vehicle E: 25 % E: 24 % E: 19 % H: 21% 20 – 29 years H: 19% 30 – 44 years H: 20% 45 - 60 years 77 % of drivers driving a car almost every day primarily outside the city are interested in buying a hybrid 86% of Turks are considering buying an electric car or a hybrid. Interest grows with the level of education in electric cars. Compared to other countries, the interest in electromobility is slightly the highest in Turkey. Page 24
And will I provide access to data about my car and driving style? For what purpose would you be willing to provide data about you, your car and your driving style? TrafficŘízení dopravyand management a parkování parking inměstem the city 50% Willingness to provide data for traffic management and parking in the city Určení výše pojištění Determination ofvinsurance závislosti amount na stylu based jízdy 38% a najetých km on the driving style and mileage Vylepšování produktů výrobcem Product improvement automobilů by a car manufacturer 37% Rozhodování State státu oonbudování decision-making building dopravní transport Men 55 % Women 43 % 34% infrastrukturyinfrastructure Proaktivní Proactive oslovení contact prodejcem from dealer invthe případě event 33% nutnosti servisu of vehicle servicing need 38 % 45 % 51 % Data nejsem I am not willing ochoten to provide poskytnout my personal data 13% Primary Secondary school University school Proactive contact with the seller in case of need for service would be welcomed 25 % Hungarians 40 % Romanians 32 % Russians 21 % Czechs 29 % of drivers using a car at least once a week mainly out of town would provide driving style Not willing to provide data data to determine the insurance amount based on the driving style and mileage 27 % 11 % 23 % 28 % Hungarians Romanians Russians Czechs Turks would be willing to provide data to determine traffic management and parking in the city. Their reluctance to provide data is the second lowest compared to other countries. Page 25
Why is an electric car an attractive option for me? Why are you mainly interested in buying an electric or hybrid car?* Turks 27 % 45 % 6% 5% 7% 9% Hungarians 50 % 34 % 6% 3 %2 % 6% Romania 27 % 41 % 13 % 8% 2% 9% Russians 46 % 30 % 10 % 4% 3% 5% Czechs 42 % 26 % 12 % 8% 8% 3 %2 % Lower operating Lower local Incentives and other Planned regulations Another option Design Vehicle costs emissions/noise benefits provided limiting use and prestige performance pollution by the country/city of the vehicle *The question was asked only to respondents who expressed interest in buying an electric or hybrid car 46 % of respondents who consider buying an electric vehicle find lower local emissions the most important 42 % of drivers driving a car almost every day primarily outside the city are inclined to electromobility mainly because of the lower operating costs Together with lower operating costs, lower emissions are the main motivations for Turks to buy an EV/HEV. Lack of incentives is standing out for Turkey compared with other countries. Page 26
And what, on the contrary, discourages me from buying an electric car? What discourages me from buying an electric car? Through which of the following measures, if any, could the state increase your interest in buying an electric car?* *) Max 2 answers possible Purchasing price 42% 55 % 53 % Range on one charge 19% 28 % 11 % 6% Availability of charging stations 18% Tax and fee Purchase price Extension of the Discounted parking Scrappage for the Time required to recharge the battery 16% reductions subsidies network of charging in the city previous vehicle stations Risk of loss of resale 4% of drivers would not be interested in an electric car even with such Other 1% benefits mentioned above Purchasing price discourages me 61% 36 % 34% 16 % Tax and fee reliefs would be appreciated by Hungarians Romanians Russians Czechs 39% 24 % 36 % 29 % Availability of charging stations discourages me Hungarians Romanians Russians Czechs 12% 27 % 25% 45 % Hungarians Romanians Russians Czechs Turks are most discouraged from buying an electric car because of its price. Turks would welcome state support in the form of tax & fee reliefs and purchase price subsidies. Page 27
How do you move within the city? Which form of transport do you prefer to move What factor is most important to you when renting a shared within major cities? means of transport (e.g. shared taxi, bikes, scooters, car sharing)? Own car Rental price 52% 80 % Public transportation Resource availability 43% 30 % (time, place) Taxi service (e.g. BiTaksi, ITaksi, etc.) Possibility to leave the 15 % 27% product anywhere Rental car 4% Brand 19% Shared scooters or bikes 3% Provider reviews 9% Renting a share car through an app ("car sharing“) In the case of a motor 1% 5% vehicle, the drive Usage of own car in major cities Usage of public transport in major cities 60 % 85% 51% 54% 25% 65% n/a n/a Hungarians Romanians Czechs Hungarians Romanians Czechs Turks, Hungarians, Romanians and Russians clearly favour driving their own car to move within a larger city compared to Czechs, who mostly favour public transport. In Hungary, car sharing is the most attractive option for driving in major cities. Page 28
Fun facts (for all respondents) 48 % of respondents, for whom 43% of respondents who can imagine a car brand is very important and shopping online would also use find it as part of their personality, the 24/7 service option. consider to purchase of an EV. 52% of respondents who definitely want to buy a car online are also 65% of respondents who plan to buy interested in connectivity an EV as their next car will purchase (connectivity plays an important role it in the next two years. for them) 17% of respondents who have owned 59% of respondents who want to buy their current vehicle for a maximum an electric car as their next car of two years will purchase an electric currently own a gasoline-powered car. car (9%) or a hybrid car (8%) in the future. 23% of respondents who would prefer Nearly third of respondents to buy a used car from an authorized who currently own a hybrid (24%) dealer within a certified program or an electric car (6%) plan to buy have visited an independent service an electric car as their next vehicle. in the last two years. Page 29
Contacts Arda Karaçelebi İnanç Engin Partner Senior Manager Supply Chain & Operations Consulting Leader Business Consulting Advanced Manufacturing Leader inanc.engin@tr.ey.com arda.karacelebi@tr.ey.com Page 30
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