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Collaborating for the future: creating a new long-term strategic framework for health and social care workforce planning - Health ...
Collaborating for the future:
  creating a new long-term strategic
framework for health and social care
         workforce planning
Collaborating for the future: creating a new long-term strategic framework for health and social care workforce planning - Health ...
Welcome - why now and what are
we aiming to achieve?

Sir David Behan: Chair, Health    Education England

Oonagh Smyth: Chief Executive Officer, Skills for Care

Dr Navina Evans: Chief Executive Officer, Health Education England
Collaborating for the future: creating a new long-term strategic framework for health and social care workforce planning - Health ...
The second of three deliberative events

  1 November 2021
  9 December 2021
  10 February 2022
Collaborating for the future: creating a new long-term strategic framework for health and social care workforce planning - Health ...
FORECASTING                              FORESIGHT
                                   Focus on a range of potential futures
  Focus on expected future

                                   Searching for signs of potential future
Identifying a future which is an
                                     disruptions at the margins of the
   extension of the present
                                      current system (“weak signals”)

 Estimates what will happen,       Expands our thinking about what is
assuming that past trends will     possible, helps us determine how we
continue to be solid indicators    choose to prepare for and shape the
  of future happenings             future
Collaborating for the future: creating a new long-term strategic framework for health and social care workforce planning - Health ...
Activity                                                                                                                                          Format
1000   Welcome to the second deliberative event and our mission for this session: What we learnt from event one and from other forums, what we need to   Plenary
       achieve in event two, moving into event three and the final report – Sir David Behan, Oonagh Smyth and Navina Evans.
1020   How deliberative event two will work (including Menti polls).                                                                                     Plenary
1025   Our collective ambition for 2036: What we have concluded from deliberative event 1 and our other discussion forums.                               Plenary
       Breakout 1: Re -familiarising ourselves with the collective ambitions and welcoming any new members of our foresight group                        Foresight
1035   • Does the collective ambition resonate?                                                                                                          group
       • Is there anything missing or shouldn’t be there?
1050   'The counterfactual’: What demand and supply might look like in 2036 if we do nothing different – Rob Smith.                                      Plenary
1105   Tee up breakout 2: Three paradigms for thinking about service models that have radically different implications for our future workforce.         Plenary
       Breakout 2: Delivering our collective ambition and balancing the service model paradigms
1115   Recognising that the 3 paradigms are not either/or:                                                                                               Mixed
       • How could services look in the future driven by some combination of these paradigms?                                                            group
       • What are advantages and disadvantages of each paradigm and how might they work together?
1155   30-minute break
1225   Tee up breakout 3: Insights from other systems and contexts.                                                                                      Plenary
       Breakout 3: Delivering our collective ambitions and the impact on the shape of the future workforce
1235   • What are the opportunities and implications of future service models, based on different paradigms, in how we develop our workforce?            Mixed
       • Looking backward and learning from the past, what barriers might we need to overcome to develop this future workforce?                          group
       • What strengths and assets can we build on to create this future?
1320   10-minute break
1330   Review of outputs from breakouts 2 and 3.                                                                                                         Plenary
       Breakout 4: Delivering the future workforce: working from the future backwards
       • What do we need to start doing NOW to deliver the future workforce?
       • How do we define “workforce”?
1340   • Who do we need to recruit to do what?                                                                                                           Foresight
       • How should the workforce be trained, employed and organized?                                                                                    Group
       • What are the potential implications for regulation and registration?
       • What environmental factors - culture, OD and CPD and other support is needed for workforce to be successful and retained beyond recruitment?
       • What key questions must we address in deliberative event 3?
1430   Review of outputs from breakout 4.                                                                                                                Plenary
1440   Reflections on today’s second deliberative event and our next steps towards deliberative event 3 (10 February) – Sir David Behan.                 Plenary
1455   Feedback questions via Menti
1500   Close                                                                                                                                             Plenary
Collaborating for the future: creating a new long-term strategic framework for health and social care workforce planning - Health ...
•   Everyone has a voice
                •   The deliberative events are safe
                    and supportive spaces
                •   Contribute openly (comments
                    will not be attributed)
                •   Take collective responsibility
                •   Focus on strengths and
                    solutions
                •   Be kind
                •   Social media after today’s event
Convenors and facilitators have the licence to undertake
refreshment breaks for their breakout groups whenever they feel
it necessary
Collaborating for the future: creating a new long-term strategic framework for health and social care workforce planning - Health ...
After the next input

 Kathryn Perera from the insight group is going to update us now on emerging
 ambitions for 2036 and insights from the process so far

 At the end of this, we will be moving into our foresight groups to reflect on the
 two questions:

 1. Does the collective ambition resonate?
 2. Is there anything missing or shouldn’t be there?
Collaborating for the future: creating a new long-term strategic framework for health and social care workforce planning - Health ...
Deliberative
Event 2

Our ambitions
for 2036
Insights from the
process so far
Collaborating for the future: creating a new long-term strategic framework for health and social care workforce planning - Health ...
9

    We are following a deliberate methodology to get to
    the outcomes we seek by the end of this process

                                                                                                     It resembles a funnel
                                                                             RISK
                                                                           APPETITE

                  Past trends; future
    FORECASTING   certainties, e.g.
                  demographics                                                                            ENVISIONED
                                                            PROVISIONAL    SELECTED
                                           SYNTHESIS                                           LHS          FUTURE
                                                            CERTAINTIES   SCENARIO(S)
                                                                                                             GOAL
                  Imagined scenarios and
    FORESIGHT     influences

                                                                                        A Learning Health System
                                        Amended forecasts                               approach mitigates choice
                                         with consensus                                 risk by allowing en route
                                           certainties                                  adjustment
Collaborating for the future: creating a new long-term strategic framework for health and social care workforce planning - Health ...
…which involves a whole series of actions: call for evidence, deliberative
events, roundtables, boards, research and crowdsourcing

                                                             Social Care
                                                                                                                 External                   Crowd
     C O M P L E X I T Y

                                             Call for       Engagement                                          Challenge                  sourcing
                                            Evidence         Workshops                      ICS/Regional
                           Knowledge,        Survey             (SfC)                          People
                                                                                               Boards                                       Further
                                                                              Call for                                                    Roundtables
                           Experience                     ICS/Regional       Evidence
                                                             People          Analysis
                            Evidence                         Boards
                                                                                               Starting                                                                 Final
                                         Analyst Review                                                      Event 1            Event 2                 Event 3        Report
                            Thoughts                                                         Proposition
                                          of Evidence
                            Concepts
                                                          Thought              Future
                           Assumptions                                     Patient/People
                                                           Leader
                                                                           who need care
                                                                                                                                                                      We
                                                           Round
                                                            Table           and support                                                                               are
                                                                            Roundtable
                                                                                                                                                                     here!
                                                                                                             Further Research

                                                August      September                    October           November         December         Jan 2022        Feb   March   April
The 290 responses to our Call for Evidence set out 15-year
ambitions for patients, people who need care & support and
the population:

Values-driven health and social care system
• Holistic and equitable
• Patient empowering, prevention focused

        Processes in pursuit of values
        • Health and care integration
        • Primary and secondary integration

                Enablers
                • Health and social care parity
                • Increased number of staff
                • Flexibility for accessing care

                                                     analysed by Grant Thornton
The 290 responses to our Call for Evidence set out 15-year
   ambitions for our workforce including students and trainees:

Values that permeate the system apply to workforce
• Parity of esteem
• Sensitive to the needs of the individual

         Processes in pursuit of values
         •   Equipped to play a part in integrated care
         •   Integration of health and care at workforce level
         •   Adequate number of ‘generalists’
         •   Ability to deploy across sectors and institutional boundaries

                    Enablers
                    • Increased numbers of well trained and remunerated staff
                    • Upskilling primary care to respond to demands and shift of care to
                      community
                    • ‘Transdisciplinary’ training
                    • ‘Line of sight’ on career pathways that also provide flexibility
At the first deliberative event, 220 participants reviewed
the evidence and described ambitions for people using
health and social care services in 2036
Four big themes emerged:
• A closer alignment between technology infrastructure and the patient pathways.
• A greater focus on preventative support and a move towards proactive rather than
  reactive interventions.
• Enhanced coordination of care and having someone who “holds the ring” on the
  mental/physical healthcare wrap around. Viewing needs holistically, taking into
  account family and wider community.
• A strong theme around social and scientific personalisation and integration - and how
  this might be facilitated in the future by changes to pathways and advances in new
  treatments and genomics.
Participants stressed the need for different thinking about the future

                             We need a different mindset or
                              “paradigm” about the future
These ambitions have been reinforced and
enriched by several roundtable events
 ‘Round table’ conversations were held with:
 • An ‘advice and challenge expert group’, bringing together thought leaders in
   workforce from other sectors, generations and countries with extensive international
   experience
 • A Social Care thought leaders roundtable
 • An NHS thought leaders roundtable (with plans to bring together in the NY)
 • The Social Partnership Forum
 • The NHS Youth Forum
 • A specially convened roundtable with patients and people who need care and
   support, drawing on a range of expertise, diverse backgrounds and lived experiences
 • Future roundtables and “deep dives” are planned with science and technology and
   industry
 In all the conversations, participants encouraged us to think more radically about our
 future ambitions, and the different approach that might be needed to get there….
Feedback from the roundtable for people who need care and support
‘What do you hope the health and social care system will have achieved for patients/ people who need care
and support and the population served by 2036?’

 Services that fit round         A system that is proactive rather               We also hope that those designing the system will have
people and not the other         than reactive. Always available               developed a greater understanding of the roles that services
way round. That enable                                                          and options outside of clinical or regulated care can play.
                                           and flexible.
     and support a
    meaningful life.
                                                                                  A decent care package for families of children with complex
                                                                                disabilities. Virtually every family I know is on their knees trying
             Reasonable workload for doctors, nurses, therapy                     to get care & support. Disabled children are forgotten in this
             staff. Good colleagues are leaving at a rate I have                    conversation & their families too exhausted to speak up.
              never seen. I share every 'recipients' frustrations
              with the system but adding more policy / work /
                expectations on pressurised staff wont work                            We all want to live in the place we call home with the
                                                                                         people and things that we love, in communities
                                                                                       where we look out for one another, doing things that
                                                                                              matter to us. That’s the future we seek.

                                          We need to tell a better story: People
   Pathway for patients that they
                                        assume care work happens primarily in
  know what to do, what to expect
                                        institutions, not homes. - Just as people
 and what that standard should be                                                             We hope the system will have made the sorts
                                       associate care work with healthcare, their
    on a national level. Services                                                               of holistic, community-based care options
                                       first assumption is that care work occurs
   designed for people by people.                                                             much more prominent and raised awareness
                                          in institutions, in particular hospitals .
                                                                                              of them amongst people who deliver services
                                                                                                    and those who could receive them.
NHS Youth Forum (aged 14 - 24 including both users and trainees)
…What key message would you like us to take away and hold in our hearts and
minds as we take this work forward?
                                                                                         XXXX’s (great) point about the
                                                                                     necessity to ensure there is a bright
                                                         -more staff
Community, personalised care is the way                                                "beacon of hope" within an NHS
                                                 -better training (flexibility)
 forward as it will help reduce pressure                                              career that would cut through the
                                            -better working conditions and staff
  on primary and secondary services.                                                      negativity / downsides and
                                                           benefits
                                                                                      encourage more young people to
                                                  -better work/life balance
                                                                                      consider a career pathway....What
                                            -better idea sharing between CCGs
                                                                                            would the beacon be?
     Changing the idea of children            (some have really great ideas)
   and young people being grouped            -more info on the how the system
   into one. Making sure that young             works (esp for patients from           Make the career more appealing.
    people are considered from the                         abroad)                       Why should someone go into
    ages of 18-25 and children are                                                     healthcare and pay £500/mo to
               below 18                                                                 park at work when they can go
                                                                                          into tech with less years of
                                             Trans healthcare needs to become a           education and get catered
                                               bigger focus within the NHS in the             lunches every day?
                                             future and be made more accessible
      We need to remove the stigma          overall. Healthcare settings also need
    surrounding mental health illnesses    to be made safer and more inclusive for              Promote NHS as a
       and instead provide support.                     LGBTQ+ people.                         career for all kinds of
                                                                                                  people, from all
                                                                                                   backgrounds
Conclusion
 The big message from the call for evidence was

              We have big ambitions for the health and
             social care system but we need more of the
                         same to get us there

Our perspective is shifting through the first deliberative event and the roundtables
               We need new and different thinking. We
               have to change our paradigm about what
              care and support is, how it is delivered and
                        who delivers it in future

         Paradigm:     A set of assumptions, concepts, values, and
        practices that constitutes a way of viewing reality for the
                       community that shares them
IN YOUR FORESIGHT GROUP

Breakout one: reflecting on the
collective ambition in our foresight
groups

1. Does the collective ambition resonate?
2. Is there anything missing or shouldn’t be there?
Getting into your foresight group breakout
room
Three ways to join your foresight group breakout group:

1. Everyone should have received a foresight group list which encompasses your foresight
   group’s members and the link to your foresight group. Click on the link attached to the list, for
   example it will look like this: Click here for Foresight Group 8
2. The link for each foresight group (and associated participants) will also be posted to the
   meeting chat box. Click on the link for your foresight group in the chat box. Please be patient
   it will take time to post 25 links into the chat box.
3. After step 2 above has been completed and you do not know which foresight group you have
   been allocated to, simply pick a group to join and click the link – you will be welcome!!

Notes:
• When you reach a breakout room, please be a little patient, it can take a minute or two for others to join
• If your convenor or facilitator hasn’t arrived, please start the conversation anyway
• if you cannot get into a foresight group even after clicking on a link, stay in the main meeting room and one
  of the tech team will look to help you
Future workforce – counterfactual scenarios
Rob Smith

 Strategic Framework – Deliberative event 2
Future workforce scenarios – a health (and care) warning

   • RISK - A focus on workforce numbers may constrain thinking and
     move us from foresight to forecast

   • A ‘strawman’ scenario → counterfactual that allows us to compare to
     our imagined changes

   • Existing work in the public domain

   • A rational framework – ensure all levers are considered and
     assumptions understood

   • Purpose of diagnostic models is to drive action – scenarios should
     not come true!
Demand Perspectives

• Demographic drivers
• Income effects
• Other cost pressures (including differential
  productivity and effect of technology)
Skills for Care: future demand projection

                                                                                                          • A 15 year
                                                                                                            projection
                                                                                                          • Population growth
                                                                                                            only
                                                                                                          • 490,000 additional
                                                                                                            jobs by 2035
                                                                                                          • 1.9% demand
                                                                                                            growth per
                                                                                                            annum
 The size and structure of the adult social care sector and workforce in England (skillsforcare.org.uk)
Office for Budget Responsibility (OBR) – Health care spending

                                                                                                    •   A 50 year projection exercise
                                                                                                    •   Biannual Fiscal Sustainability
                                                                                                        Report
                                                                                                    •   Particular focus on health and
                                                                                                        care as largest variable in
                                                                                                        public spending assumptions
                                                                                                    •   Expressed as a % of GDP
                                                                                                    •   Growth on top of anticipated
                                                                                                        GDP increases
                                                                                                    •   Baseline projection = approx.
                                                                                                        3.5% real terms increase per
                                                                                                        annum
                                                                                                    •   ‘No other cost pressures’
                                                                                                        (demography only) = approx.
             Fiscal sustainability report - July 2018 - Office for Budget Responsibility (obr.uk)
                                                                                                        2.4% per annum
                                                                                                    •   NOT a forecast – diagnosis to
                                                                                                        highlight government choices
                                                                                                        to maintain fiscal sustainability.
Historic trend on UK health spending

                                       • Highly variable in
                                         shorter term even
                                         on 5 year rolling
                                         average
                                       • Long term
                                         average 3.7%
                                         per annum
Facing the facts: Shaping the future – an OBR based projection 2017

                                                                                                                            •   A 10 year future
                                                                                                                                scenario, for NHS
                                                                                                                            •   4 year under SR2015
                                                                                                                            •   6 years beyond
                                                                                                                            •   Period from 2021
                                                                                                                                based on OBR
                                                                                                                                (FSR2015)
                                                                                                                            •   190,000 health posts
                                                                                                                            •   2.7% annual
                                                                                                                                increase in demand
                                                                                                                            •   72,000 additional
                                                                                                                                supply
                                                                                                                            •   1.3% annual
                                                                                                                                increase in supply
   Facing the Facts, Shaping the Future – a draft health and care workforce strategy for England to 2027.pdf (hee.nhs.uk)       (with no additional
                                                                                                                                actions)
Health Foundation REAL centre
– Health and Social Care Funding Projections 2021                                                                   •     A 10 year future scenario, for
                                                                                                                          health and care
                                                                                                                    •     488,000 health posts
                                                                                                                    •     2.8% annual increase (health)
                                                                                                                    •     627,000 social care posts
                                                                                                                    •     3.7% annual increase (social
                                                                                                                          care)

REALCentreFundingProjections_WEB.pdf
Rocks S, Boccarini G, Charlesworth A, Idriss O, McConkey R, Rachet-Jacquet L. Health and social care funding projections 2021. The Health
Foundation; 2021 (https://doi.org/10.37829/HF-2021-RC18).
Supply Perspectives

• Domestic supply (including from
  education for vocational roles)
• International migration
• Long term joiner / leaver rates
Trends in the health and care workforce

 EMP13: Employment by industry - Office for National Statistics (ons.gov.uk)   •   A 43 year time series
                                                                               •   2.0% annual growth (health and care)
                                                                               •   1978 1:14 work in health and care
                                                                               •   2021 1:7 work in health and care
Very long-term NHS supply growth – selected professions

                                             • 450% over 70 years
                                             • 2.2% per annum increase
A finite (domestic) labour market

Are there absolute limits to the number of people who could work in health and care?
           Total ‘working age’ population                 Proportion by industry
Summary of Demand and Supply trends and projections

                                                                       Service   Workforce   Workforce
Projection / historic time series   Sector           Period           Funding     Demand      Supply
                                                                                                         • Social care workforce
Historic Trends                                                                                            demand between 2%
ONS Jobs                            Health & Care    1978-2021                                 2.0%
ONS Jobs & public expenditure       Health           1978-2021         3.7%                    2.1%
                                                                                                           and 4%
ONS Jobs                            Social Care      1978-2021                                 1.7%      • Trend supply 1.7%
Topol review - various sources      NHS (selected)   1949 to 2021                              2.2%
                                                                                                         • Health care workforce
Projections
                                                                                                           demand between 2%
OBR - principle projection          Health           2017 to 2067      3.5%
OBR - demography only               Health           2017 to 2067      2.4%                                and 3% depending on
                                                                                                           assumptions (but higher
Skills for Care - demography only   Social Care      2020 to 2035                  1.9%                    trend spend)
                                                                                                         • Trend supply 2.1%
HEE - Facing the facts (per OBR2015) NHS (HCHS)      2021 to 2027                  2.7%        1.3%
                                                                                                         What might happen if we
Health Foundation REAL centre       Adult Social Care 2019 to 2031   4.3%/5.8%     3.7%
                                    NHS (HCHS)        2018 to 2031   3.1%/3.5%     2.8%
                                                                                                         do nothing different……

HEE flow tool                       NHS (HCHS)       2021 to 2031                              1.7%
Demand for what?
The future system goals and associated service model
   • Counterfactuals extrapolate the current model +/- marginal changes – This is a
     MAJOR limitation

   • Does a new model mean less of the current (or less extra) or is it in addition
     to?

   • What are the supply requirements of the new model? What scale? What make
     up? And does this open opportunities about supply source?

   • Modelling for ‘foresight’ would need a new approach.
A new paradigm for health and social care

What we heard through all of these events, conversations and literature reviews is that
people don’t just want ‘faster horses’ (more of the same), they want a completely
different approach to health and social care, both for those who provide the care and
those who receive it (indeed, challenging the current boundaries between the two).

The traditional approach to workforce planning is unlikely to deliver this, because it
is based upon ‘forecasting’ based upon historic trends.

Just as Henry Ford moved from ‘faster horses’ to cars, or the leap from the landline, to
mobiles, to iPhones, we need to acknowledge and challenge the current paradigm
within which we think about health and social care and the workforce required to
deliver it.
                                         Paradigm:     A set of assumptions, concepts,
                                        values, and practices that constitutes a way of
                                     viewing reality for the community that shares them
Three paradigms for thinking about health & social care
not mutually exclusive, but thinking about where the centre of gravity
is/might be                                                  And their journey to
                                                                                                                        sustain a healthy life
                                                                                          Network
                                                                                     “Relational” needs:
                                                                 Met by addressing the unique needs of an individual as a
                                                                member of a wider family/community, with holistic support,
                                                                                and asset-based approach
                                                                Examples: Lucy (eating disorder) Antonio (looked after care)
                                                                          and Brenda (complex community care)
                                                                              Pathway
                                                                          “Process” needs:
                                                         Met by going through a process or pathway of care
                                                         Example: a standardised care pathway for someone
                                                          undergoing a hip replacement or Charlotte (on a
                                                                 breast cancer treatment pathway)

                              Two of the service paradigms can fit within the overarching third:
                                                    They aren’t separate
Source: based on a paradigm model by Steve Schefer: https://squiretothegiants.com/2021/12/03/part-1-autonomy-autonomy-support-autonomy-enabling/
Paradigms influence how we frame both the problem and the workforce response
(but of course, they overlap in reality)
                                                                                                                  Network
                                                  Winsome, 35 years old
    ‘Repair                        Winsome is the mother of two daughters, 7 and 4 She is an active       Problem typically framed as:
                                    mother who considered herself healthy before her diagnosis. She
     shop’                         exercises regularly though perhaps enjoyed more units of alcohol a
                                                                                                          What about the children?
                                  week then recommended, exacerbated by an increase in her intake         How can we support the family and
Problem typically framed as:                                 over lockdown.                               prevent MH and other problems? What
How can we diagnose earlier?           Her breast cancer was diagnosed at stage 2 despite limited         matters to Winsome, and what support
Treat faster with better health   symptoms thanks to a blood test as part of a national trial screening   can the wider
outcomes for Winsome?               programme. When she initially presents to her GP she is offered       family/community/health/social care
                                   rapid diagnostic testing which has recently been introduced locally.   system provide not just when she is
Genomics creating more
                                  She is offered genomic testing and genetic counseling as it appears
possibility for                      there might be a genetic component to her cancer. She is very
                                                                                                          acutely ill, but for recovery, prevent
predictive/preventative            worried about how her cancer diagnosis might impact her children       recurrence & if she & her family needs it,
approach, but within a care        She did not have to have a mastectomy due to receiving advanced        high quality palliative care?
system based on ‘reacting’                                precision radiotherapy
                                                                                                          Response typically focused on building
Response typically focused on                     Pathway                                                 capacity in informal and formal
how many more                                                                                             ‘workforce’, with science/ technology as
professions/skills we need in         Problem typically framed as: how can we improve the                 an enabler in the network, (if supported
the formal workforce & how            pathway of care for people, from prevention, diagnosis,             to be digital and data literate) not just an
can science/technology                treatment and rehab or palliative care?                             accelerant in the hospital, to co-create
accelerate & assist with the          Response typically focused on: ensuring we have enough              health. Considerations of equity, power &
diagnosis and treatment of the        people/skills/technology along each part of the pathway to          culture key, to support genuine health
individual                            improve equality of access and outcomes – but what of               creation rather than care substitution.
                                      equality of expectations?
The balance between paradigms may shift over time and for
 different individuals - but the overarching paradigm will
 determine the answer to some fundamental questions
What do we mean by               What do we value?    How would we train/equip people?              How would we
‘workforce’?                     The most             By expecting people to sacrifice any          employ people?
Do our supply models just        academically able,   personal life in favour of a specialist       Does it make sense
include the formal workforce,    or reach into more   career that they need to choose and           for people to be
or do we recognise (and          diverse              devote themselves to very early on, or        employees of
educate and train) the           backgrounds and      in in a more flexible, caring                 providers or
‘informal’ workforce             life experiences?    environment, that provides more               systems? And what
(individuals/family/community)   What values are we   general as well as specialist skills,         would good work
and factor that into our         looking for?         including the ability to work with families   look like? What
demand modelling (if                                  and other non-professional roles as co-       values and culture?
‘upstream investment’                                 producers of health?
reduces need for formal care
etc.)

These questions need to be addressed before any meaningful modelling can take
place, otherwise we are just recycling current assumptions back into the future
workforce, meaning that history, rather than ambitions and actual needs will shape
our future.
Learning from
 other systems:
the 15 year case
    study of
   Canterbury
 District Health
     Board,
  New Zealand
The Canterbury District Health Board
(CDHB) transformed its delivery system for
health and care
                                   The CDHB Board worked out
            Serves a population
                of 565,000;        that if they didn’t move to a
              18,000 people in     different care model by 2020,
            total work in health   Canterbury would need a
               and social care     hospital twice the current size,
                                   20% more GPs and 2,000 more
                                   residential care beds: a 40%
              Devastating          increase
              earthquakes
             struck in 2010
                and 2011
The DHB set out three goals for
transformation
 Goal 1: Services should enable                        The system transformation that followed
 people to take more responsibility                    comprised multiple programmes around
 for their own health and                              three themes:
 wellbeing.
                                                       • integrating across organisational
 Goal 2: People should stay well in                      boundaries
 their own homes and communities
                                                       • increasing investment in community-based
 as far as possible.
                                                         services
 Goal 3: When complex care is
 required it should be timely and                      • strengthening primary care
 appropriate

 Source: Developing accountable care systems Lessons from Canterbury, New Zealand, The King’s Fund
Positive measurable impacts of the
integrated care system
As a result of the transformations:
• the health system is supporting more people in their homes and
  communities and has moderated demand for hospital care
• Canterbury has lower:
    • acute medical admission rates;
    • acute readmission rates;
    • length of stay;
    • emergency department attendances;
    • spending on emergency hospital care
    And higher spending on community services
• The changes in Canterbury required considerable investment –
  i.e., in implementing new technologies, training people and
  developing new models of provision – and took several years.
Source: Developing accountable care systems Lessons from Canterbury, New Zealand, The King’s Fund
What were the conditions that made this
 transformation possible?
  • An ongoing process of transformation      • Sustained investment in giving staff skills to support
    that had begun long before the              them to innovate & giving them permission to do so;
    earthquake;                               • Consistent use of well-validated improvement,
  • Strong, visionary leaders in the DHB;       innovation and design methods; investing in them at
  •   Developing new models of integrated       an expert level and building these skills in all their
      working                                   people;
  •   Strong trusting relationships between   • An explicit theory of change;
      primary and secondary care;             • Innovation and investment in IT, and partnership
                                                with the local IT industry
  •   Probably the most mature, networked
                                              • A national health system which at that time gave a
      primary care system in New Zealand;
                                                lot of autonomy to DHBs;
  •   A unified funding system for health and • The earthquake created a “burning platform” for
      social care;                              change

Source: review of all the literature on the CDHB transformation
Repair shop, pathway and network at Canterbury
DHB
           A significant
       shift to the network
        model with a drive
  towards community based,
 integrated care models, with
   services based around the
       person in their own        Move to standardised      The repair shop approach
            community               access routes and        applies largely to those
       However, the model        pathways of care, across     people with complex,
     adopted was less about      primary and secondary      unpredictable, higher risk
      community assets and         settings through the               needs
         more about how           HealthPathways model
      professional roles are    (more than 900 currently)
              organised
         Network                       Pathway                    Repair shop
In 2020, most of the executive
leaders that had led the system
  transformation at Canterbury
  DHB resigned in conflict with
     the DHB board over its
  approach to financial deficits
What is relevant for our context?
• “More of the same” is not a viable option
• Significant opportunities to move to a more networked approach (and
  to take it further, with a bigger role for community assets)
• Repair shop, pathway and network all have a role but segmentation is
  clear
• There are a series of inherent tensions or paradoxes in this case study:
   • Realism vs. optimism (the Stockdale paradox played out)
   • Doing new and radical things in a system at the same as meeting the
     transactional requirements
   • The urgent need for change and the timescale it takes
   • Meeting the needs of the local population vs. a national approach to
     providing health and care
Breakout 2:
Does the collective ambition resonate?
Is there anything missing / shouldn’t be there?

Breakout 3:
What are the opportunities and implications of future service
models, based on different paradigms, in how we develop our
workforce?
Looking backward and learning from the past, what barriers might
we need to overcome to develop this future workforce?
What strengths and assets can we build on to create this future?
Co-production                                                       Language and identities
At level of patients and populations                                • How we build and/or create engagement
AND                                                                   with people who work in health and care
NHS with other actors within the wider health and care system         AND
                                                                    • How we ensure that we co-create the
Differing perspectives: Doing this with wider society? Leading        future as partners (equitable) with others
from the front AND being responsive?                                  and right across our society (citizens AND
                                                                      populations)
                                                                    • Ownership, responsibility, agency …
Vision, direction,                                                    Reconstituting identities of workforce,
destination                          Forecast                         citizens and populations - develop shared
How can we understand this well                                       understanding of challenges and 'passing
enough to move towards it?                                            back' responsibility
                                                        Foresight   • Structural inhibitors e.g. vertical
Outward mindset – seeking analogies
and comparators globally                                              professional progression

Trust, equity and power                                 Repair shops, pathways, networks
• Multiple layers of ‘disconnect’ within our            • System shifting from where we are now…
  system(s) – social; adult/children’s; NHS             • Imbalance in the “three paradigms” now – we
  and health more widely understood                       need to reflect more on the balance and the
• Disconnect between current service                      connections between them
  models and our imperative towards                     • Society, social determinants of health…?
  prevention
Opportunities, barriers, strengths…
                                                  Nuanced thinking
Barriers
•   Constant crisis management mode
•   Resource to make change
                                                Connections between
•   Whole system reluctance to make change
•   Owning our part                               Light and shade
                                                (weakness/asset link)
                           Opportunities
                                                Leading for complexity:
Strengths                                       a collective endeavour
• Increasing confidence to collaborate across
  boundaries
• Space for new and different coalitions
• Formal and informal workforce(s)
• Experimentation with non-traditional models
IN YOUR FORESIGHT GROUP
Breakout four: Working from
the future backwards

• What do we need to start doing NOW to deliver the future workforce?
• How do we define “workforce”?
• Who do we need to recruit to do what?
• How should the workforce be trained, employed and organized?
• What are the potential implications for regulation and registration?
• What environmental factors - culture, OD and CPD and other support is needed for
  workforce to be successful and retained beyond recruitment?
• What key questions must we address in deliberative event 3?
Getting into your foresight group breakout
room
Three ways to join your foresight group breakout group:

1. Everyone should have received a foresight group list which encompasses your foresight
   group’s members and the link to your foresight group. Click on the link attached to the list, for
   example it will look like this: Click here for Foresight Group 8
2. The link for each foresight group (and associated participants) will also be posted to the
   meeting chat box. Click on the link for your foresight group in the chat box. Please be patient
   it will take time to post 25 links into the chat box.
3. After step 2 above has been completed and you do not know which foresight group you have
   been allocated to, simply pick a group to join and click the link – you will be welcome!!

Notes:
• When you reach a breakout room, please be a little patient, it can take a minute or two for others to join
• If your convenor or facilitator hasn’t arrived, please start the conversation anyway
• if you cannot get into a foresight group even after clicking on a link, stay in the main meeting room and one
  of the tech team will look to help you
• What do we need to start doing NOW to deliver the future workforce?
• How do we define “workforce”?
• Who do we need to recruit to do what?
• How should the workforce be trained, employed and organized?
• What are the potential implications for regulation and registration?
• What environmental factors - culture, OD and CPD and other support is needed for
  workforce to be successful and retained beyond recruitment?
• What key questions must we address in deliberative event 3?
Recurrent themes…
                      •   How do we adopt a co-productive mindset (to process and
                          content) from the outset?
                      •   Acknowledge whom the current paradigms work for (power)
                      •   Parity of esteem (sectors; professions; entities e.g. Local
                          Government / NHS)
                      •   “Workforce” as a whole (remunerated or not)
                      •   Widen out entry into the workforce: foundation years,
                          apprenticeships, ‘tester’ experiences
                      •   Expand fluidity – more versatile career paths across boundaries
                          (with interoperable systems and approaches to enable it); from
                          “roles” to “skills”; changing expectations re life/work/health

Continuing our work   • More time to deep-dive on each element – an asynchronous
after today…            process in-between?

Our next Deliberative •   Implementation to move in parallel with deliberation
Event…                •   Leverage points for change: ICS (what AND how)
                      •   Theory/concept AND grounded/reality: linking paradigms into the
                          current system realities
                      •   Diversify our leadership participation
Reflections and next steps
Leading into deliberative event 3 (February 10th)

Sir David Behan
The next steps

• Preparing for deliberative event number three:
  • February 10th 10am to 3pm
• We will send the slides
• Report of the outputs of today within two weeks
• We will check in with you before the next event
• Tweet about the event #OurFutureWorkforce
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