CAPE PENINSULA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY - Response to the Report of the Ministerial Committee on Transformation and Social Cohesion and the ...
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CAPE PENINSULA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Response to the Report of the Ministerial Committee on Transformation and Social Cohesion and the Elimination of Discrimination in Public Higher Education Institutions January 2010
Table of Contents 1. Executive Summary 3 2. Background 4 3. Structure of the Response to the Report 5 4. Conceptualising a South African University of Technology 5 4.1 Transformation in the Academic Project 6 4.1.1 Opportunity and inclusivity as transformation agendas 6 4.1.2 Staff development 7 4.1.3 Student support and development 8 4.2 Growth and Change in Research 8 4.3 Transformation through Community Engagement 8 5. Transformation Process after the Ministerial Report 9 5.1 Process followed regarding the compilation of the Report 9 5.1.1 Institutional engagement with the Ministerial Report 10 5.1.2 A proposed seminar on the Report 10 5.1.3 Invitation to the CPUT Community 10 5.2 CPUT bold initiatives 10 1
5.2.1 The establishment of the Transformation and Diversity Office in the Vice Chancellor’s Office 11 5.2.2 Formation of the Transformation, Diversity and Social Cohesion Forum 11 5.2.3 Epistemological transformation and re-curriculation at CPUT 12 5.2.4 Students and living experience 14 5.2.5 Staff development 15 5.2.6 Research development 17 5.2.6 Governance 17 6. Conclusion 19 7. Annexure A: CPUT Charter 20 8. References 23 2
1. Executive Summary The Cape Peninsula University of Technology, as a relatively young institution, as the product of a merger, has up to now made every attempt to promote and embed the culture of Transformation, Diversity and Social Cohesion in the emerging new culture. The unavoidable challenges of a merger, which include human distress, a transitional phase that disturbs systems and processes, and the demands for new policies and guidelines could have easily superseded the institutional focus on its own transformation processes. CPUT staff and students have thus had the advantage of creating something new, informed by new values and beliefs, as well as the disadvantage of being overwhelmed by the demands of the process of change. Nonetheless, from the outset, in areas like staff development, student support and development, research, and community engagement, the University has not compromised its determination to create ”an empowering environment for students and staff”. In the last two years, since 2008, developments at national level in particular, have necessitated greater introspection for institutions with regard to their transformation agendas. CPUT undertook two strategic moves on the issue of Transformation, Diversity and Social Cohesion. This was the establishment of a representative body, the Transformation Forum, which was placed within the Vice-Chancellor’s Office. Secondly, the office of institutional Transformation Manager was created. Work done through the Forum includes the writing of a Charter, and drafting of a Transformation Strategic Plan. Above all, task teams within the Forum ensure that work in various facets of the institution is done and accounted for. Thus new impetus has been added to research, with added emphasis on bolstering academics from the designated groups. Student support and development cover a broader spectrum of student life which includes students at residences, in governance, as well as in their learning. Governance structures have also played an important role in the various constituencies within the University, keeping track of the mandate of transformation. 3
2. Background The Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT), the only University of Technology (UoT) in the Western Cape, is the largest residential university in the region with a student population of 32 000, of which five percent are postgraduate students. CPUT is a young institution, having evolved as a result of the “Restructuring of the Landscape of Higher Education” through the mergers. In 2005 two institutions – Cape Technikon and Peninsula Technikon- ceased to exist, as the Cape Peninsula University of Technology was established. Now in its fifth year, this institution is spread throughout the Western Cape , and comprises the Belville, Cape Town, Mowbray, Wellington and Granger Bay campuses. Heritage institutions have brought diverse histories, experiences and expectations which create a colourful backdrop full of possibilities. At the same time diversity can be a source of challenges, tension and even pose a serious threat to staff. Indeed, the negative impact mergers sometimes have on staff has been likened by some writers as akin to the sense of loss and grief following the death of a loved one. In the midst of such contradictions CPUT has forged ahead in the task of creating an institution where all South African citizens, as well as international students and staff, find a home where they have an opportunity to grow and reach their optimum. It is also a place of learning that promotes the goals outlined in the National Plan on Higher Education (2002). These goals have informed the new business systems, policies and guidelines that have had to be constructed in the creation of a viable institution that is set on realising its Vision, “to be at the heart of Technology Education and Innovation in Africa”. Due consideration has also been given to Acts, like Employment Equity and others, which help to usher in a society that is free of discrimination and inequality. Within such a background and context the Transformation, Diversity and Social Cohesion agenda has been at the heart of the new institution. 4
When the Ministerial Committee called on Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) to submit reports on progress made, in their Transformation agendas, CPUT perceived the invitation as an opportunity to reflect on ground covered on this important yet sensitive issue. The call for an institutional response to the Report is yet another chance to review work done over the two years since earlier submissions. . 3. Structure of the Response to the Report The institutional response to the Report is divided into two parts. The first section is the phase before the Reitz incident in 2007. For CPUT, it was a time of confluence of the old and new orders in a changing South Africa. It was a period of hastened reconstruction as the new institution had to take shape with no time to wait for the fluidity to gel. Nonetheless, the Transformation agenda was integrated into all the other changes and developments. The second part of this Report is the Ministerial Committee era which covers 2008 to 2009. 4. Conceptualising a South African University of Technology Ordinarily, an institution of higher learning does not need a national tag to describe its identity. In the case under discussion, however, the new institution, has been challenged to construct an identity that is relevant and responsive to the South African reality first, and then to broaden to include an African and international context. Further, the national identity dimension is to be a negation of the ethnic identity that characterized institutions under the apartheid regime. The process thus, had to include receiving old wisdom, interrogating “received knowledge” (Jansen: 2009,131) while making room for new knowledges. This forms the crux of the new identity forged, constructed and beaten into shape after the merger. This has meant, for example, that English is adopted as an administrative language, which brings together diverse multilingual groups and 5
also encourages access. This is despite the fact that almost 80 percent of the registered students have English as a second language. The identity of a University of Technology (UoT) has spawned another set of challenges among staff and students at CPUT. UoTs are a novel institution type in South Africa whose raison d’etre still has to evolve. At CPUT debates and discussions have been held on the meaning of the type and implications for the curriculum, staff, students, employers, and the public generally. At a national level, the aspect of identity of UoTs has been addressed mainly by the South African Technology Network (SATN). It is a debate that is still in its infancy but which is also tied up with the transformation process, especially on issues of relevance and responsiveness. 4.1 Transformation in the Academic Project The academic project is the core business of any university. Therefore, if the issue of establishing identity and bringing about change is to be effective, it has to be directed at the academic enterprise. 4.1.1 Opportunity and inclusivity as transformation agendas The heritage institutions of CPUT had built up some experience in the academic enterprise at university level through the gradual change in the content and focus of technikons, these institutions were granted permission to offer post-graduate qualifications to the doctoral level in 1993. Such experience provided an opportunity for inclusivity and access to higher education. The Programme and Qualification Mix (PQM) of CPUT was built on the 2004 programmes that had been approved. This included major fields of study and a range of qualifications from certificates to doctoral degrees. The significance of this development cannot be under estimated as such a PQM afforded opportunities to a number of students, largely from previously disadvantaged communities, who otherwise would not have qualified for admission to the traditional universities, to have the 6
opportunity to enter the higher education sector and to be able to progress to the highest qualification in the qualifications framework. It is important to note this facet in the discussion about UoTs and the aspect of access to higher education. Table 1: Black (African, Coloured, and Indian) Student Headcount by gender and qualification levels Year Headcount %Black %Female %New UG %Post 2002 22,857 75% 51% 30% 2% 2003 25,734 76% 51% 30% 2% 2004 27,863 77% 51% 27% 3% 2005 28,961 78% 51% 25% 4% 2006 29,158 79% 52% 23% 4% 2007 28,953 80% 52% 24% 4% 2008 29,367 82% 53% 24% 5% Source: MIS; CPUT. 4.1.2 Staff development The CPUT PQM, with its offerings extending to the doctoral level, posed a new and serious challenge to the teaching staff. There was a need for a major upgrading of staff qualifications. This was addressed through the creation of a series of academic staff development initiatives. These covered study bursaries, sabbatical leave, short courses, seminars and colloquia that helped to equip academics in the work of facilitating learning . For a number of years CPUT has offered a postgraduate qualification that equips academics with the competences to be effective facilitators of learning. The transformation agenda is promoted through this qualification as emphasis is given on fast-tracking inexperienced and young academics, especially from the designated groups. Above all the facilitators of learning are exposed to pedagogies that enrich the learning of diverse students. Related to the formal qualification is the Khula Project which also aims at fast- tracking the development of budding academics from designated groups through special arrangements like reduced workload and financial provision. 7
4.1.3 Student support and development In response to the reality of unevenly prepared students, and in recognition of practices that at times produce learning environments that are not conducive to learning for some students, CPUT invested heavily in strategies for alleviating such conditions. Writing Centres at CPUT campuses are places where students are provided with an opportunity to acquire academic skills to attain an acceptable level of academic literacy. Work done in these two areas is underpinned by serious research that is shared with academia in national and international conferences and through publications. 4.2 Growth and Change in Research CPUT as a University of Technology has to define its focus in research. In particular there are challenges to define and interpret the concepts of, applied research, educational technology and innovation which have become part of the discourse on research in UoTs. Such interpretations have to take place in the context of a responsive approach to the needs of the country both in terms of a skilled workforce and for solutions to debilitating problems that face South Africa like poverty, the AIDS pandemic, climate change etc.. A positive development that has expanded the world of some staff and students are the growing links with international partners. The other side to this development is the diversification of the student body and staff. International students comprise seven percent of the total component of students. This group of students comes along with their challenges of language, homelessness, and financial constraints. At the same time helps to expose local students to the world and challenges their sometimes parochial world views. 8
4.3 Transformation through Community Engagement CPUT infuses a strong work-integrated learning (WIL) experience into its curriculum. The change that has happened in this area has been a thrust to develop a strong theoretical background to the practice. There is thus ongoing curriculum renewal that is accompanied by staff development which ensures a scientific foundation for the practice in accordance with the accepted norms and standards in higher learning. An important transformatory facet of WIL is the exposure learners and staff gain during their placements in industry and within communities, especially under the service-learning programmes. 5. Transformation Process after the Ministerial Report The second part of this Report begins with the shocking Reitz incident that drew the eyes of the world to the state of transformation in South African Universities. The setting up of a Ministerial Committee compelled individual institutions to reflect on their own transformation processes and progress as they prepared reports for submission to the said Committee. The “explosive report”, as it was described in some newspapers, came out in November 2008 and painted a bleak picture of South African Institutions of Higher Education in the areas of discrimination, racism and lack of willingness by university authorities to confront the challenges. The Report thus managed to foreground the sensitive and difficult issues of race and gender discrimination, whereas they had been gradually sidelined after the euphoria and expectations of 1994 had died down. 5.1 Process followed regarding the compilation of the Report Generally, a consultative approach was followed in compiling the report. Feedback from the CPUT community was, however, far from satisfactory. The returns in total were negligible. It is possible that the exercise was undertaken at 9
the time the University was closing for the recess in November 2009. The Response had to be compiled soon after the University’s re-opening for the new academic year in 2010. 5.1.1 Institutional engagement with the Ministerial Report Key features of the Report were first tabled at a Transformation Forum meeting. The Forum is a representative body that meets quarterly and engages on issues and challenges related to Transformation. A decision was taken that the engagement should be broader and deeper by involving the greater community of CPUT. 5.1.2 A proposed seminar on the Report For greater inclusivity a seminar was planned which would have involved the Chair of the Report, Professor Soudien to lead the discussions. This never took place because of student unrest that engulfed the campus at the appointed time. . 5.1.3 Invitation to the CPUT Community A brief questionnaire was distributed to staff and students to submit views on the Report and to suggest ways in which CPUT could respond to the recommendations. There was a limited response. The Faculty of Education & Social Sciences and other units like the Centre for Continuing Education and Fundani: Centre for Higher Education Development gave a report on transformation initiatives in the various centres. There was a lone voice from a student. Indeed, the level of response indicates that more work on raising awareness on Transformation has to be done at CPUT. 10
5.2 CPUT bold initiatives For CPUT the post 2007 phase has been a time for taking the Transformation process beyond setting up policies to engaging staff and students in their different areas of life at the institution. 5.2.1 Establishment of the Transformation and Diversity Office in the office of the Vice- Chancellor Theorists argue that little progress is made on sensitive issues like transformation in organisations unless there is buy-in from the leadership. The creation of an office in 2009, together with the appointment of a Manager of Institutional Transformation, Diversity and Social Cohesion, is indicative of an important shift and foregrounding of the Transformation agenda at CPUT. The Vice-Chancellor took direct responsibility on the pace and quality of change taking place at CPUT. This phase can rightly be described as the time of “conscious transformation” (Anderson & Anderson; 2001,4) that goes beyond a focus on behaviour to engage the emotions, mind and even spirit while taking into consideration the dynamics of power. Most of the activities that are described below were informed by the Report and, in particular the recommendations that were mapped out for institutions to follow. 5.2.2 Formation of the Transformation Diversity and Social Cohesion Forum The Forum, which is accountable to the Vice-Chancellor and the Executive Management, operates as a platform where the various divisions within CPUT have a space to strategise, implement, monitor and review transformation processes. Strategies followed in the unit are naturally informed by diverse contexts. Thus there are a myriad of responses that are then shared in the Forum meetings. The Faculty of Education & Social Sciences, for example, has set up task teams on Diversity and Social Cohesion at each of the three campuses that the Faculty straddles. 11
The Transformation Strategic Plan that is in the making will provide better focus to all. In order to cover effectively its wide areas of activity, the Forum operates through task teams and working committees among which are the following: • Equity Monitoring and Evaluation Committee • Disability Unit • Khula – for Academic Staff Development • Student life The Forum task teams cover the work on the ground and are able to set plans with targets. The first task of the Forum was to compile a CPUT Charter on Transformation. The Charter, which was put together in consultation with the CPUT community, is underpinned by the following principles: (Charter: Appendix A) • Equity and redress • Access, retention and success • Non-racism and non-discrimination • Diversity • Social cohesion • Support for a conducive learning and working climate • Gender The Charter is the official document that encapsulates the University’s beliefs regarding Transformation. It thus is distributed widely to help raise awareness on Transformation at CPUT across campuses. 5.2.3 Epistemological transformation and re-curriculation at CPUT The Report rightly cites the above issue as a challenge that faces higher education. On the whole the transformation of universities under the restructuring 12
of the landscape process remained largely structural. Some institutions were brought together in unwanted unions; others were swallowed by bigger entities. Considerable energy was devoted to managing harmonisation of processes and even physical consolidation. There has been very little engagement on the possibilities of creating new curricula and, better still, explorations on redefinition of what knowledge is and how it can be produced differently. An interesting initiative involved a year-long research project at CPUT which involved a handful of practitioners who explored what Indigenous Knowledge (IK) is and what implications it has for the courses on offer. This question was examined from various angles ranging from Mathematics, Civil Engineering, Architecture and Town Planning. Even though the initial view of a majority of academics was a denial of the place of IK in their courses, it became clear that in a South African context curriculum is a construct that has to be continuously reviewed taking into consideration a number of factors, the least of which is IK. Closely related to processes of re-curriculation and quality of student learning is the issue of English as the “sole medium of instruction” in a multilingual society. A pilot study in which multilingual teaching is promoted in selected courses and tutorials has the potential to address the challenge posed by language to successful learning by the majority of students at CPUT. Transformation also calls for an exploration and charting of new pathways in order to bring in new knowledge and understanding. Research done in the Work- Integrated Learning Research Unit (WILRU) promotes such a line of thinking. Further, work done in WILRU on knowledge production looks beyond the conventional lecture and laboratory spaces to learning as it occurs in diverse work situations. This calls for new research methodologies and pedagogies. The transformatory nature of this work cannot be under- estimated. 13
5.2.4 Students and living experience Student academic support and development continues to be a strong feature in the learning experience of CPUT students. Special interventions are in place for support to be given to those students who might find that they are lacking, for example, English language proficiency, mathematics literacy and general academic literacy. All these development programmes are to bolster the strategy to improve access which needs to be accompanied by success in higher education. The Golden Key International Honour Society to which CPUT is affiliated, is a platform where students can thrive as they are exposed to some of the central tenets of the Society. These include recognition of academic excellence and opportunity to connect with others across geographic and cultural boundaries. The Student Legacy Project started in 2009, is premised on the “development of a common identity for CPUT students” and has as one of its objectives “to create a common identity through an all inclusive student culture that seeks to forge a multi and transdisciplinary work ethic in an environment free of stereotypes” (CPUT:ii).The CPUT’s Mission to provide an “empowering environment” extends to the students as well. This includes both the formal learning and residential environments. This further flows to those students and staff with disabilities. A special unit has been created during the past two years with professional staff and appropriate technology made available to cater for the needs of those with physical disabilities. CPUT has about 19 percent of its students in residence. The intention is to increase the percentage even though there is recognition that it is impossible to provide accommodation to all students at CPUT. The process of availing residences includes up-grading and maintaining existing structures and bringing 14
them to an acceptable standard. This is a challenge as there are major financial implications to such infrastructural developments. Residences are being re-claimed as sites of learning. This involves setting up computer laboratories and reading areas and providing trained mentors to support, especially first-year students. Further, there is a strong focus on nurturing a sense of “belonging” in these residences through creating a cultural life that promotes social cohesion. The majority of residences at CPUT are homogenous in terms of racial make-up. However, there are some with multiracial communities and the Student Housing Department has taken it upon itself to set up policies on how residences should be open spaces where individuals from different cultural or racial backgrounds, or sexual orientation, or who are physically challenged, as well as international students, find these places a home from home. Staff attached to these residences need to be helped to understand new challenges that have come with the changes. Table 2: CPUT Student Enrolment by group and gender 2005 – 2009 Year African Coloured Indian White Total F M TOTAL F M TOTAL F M TOTAL F M TOTAL 2005 7475 5892 13367 4587 4476 9063 143 186 329 2863 3399 6262 29021 2006 7654 6014 13668 4841 4523 364 140 174 314 2804 3233 6037 29383 2007 7659 6172 13831 4982 4365 9347 134 189 323 2548 3024 5572 29072 2008 7778 6344 14122 5364 4426 9790 163 218 381 2483 2819 5302 29593 2009 8325 6843 15168 5737 4626 10363 175 214 389 2304 2798 5102 31022 5.2.5 Staff development The University continues to view the development of human capital as a priority and a long-term investment. The backlog faced by a university with a history of 15
CPUT is not only skewed make-up of staff towards domination by white males, but, the levels of qualification of staff needs to be improved in order to engage at the level the University envisages. There are a number of incentives that have been put in place to encourage and fast track the development of individuals, especially from designated groups, who plan to pursue careers in academia. The Ad Hominem Promotion Policy maps out conditions for the promotion of academic staff to the positions of senior lecturer, associate, and full professor. This process has opened up space for the promotion of women. For example, in 2009, of the applicants that received promotion, 71 percent of new associate professors and the only new full professor are women. This is a process that is conducted according to strict democratic and transparent criteria. Staff who wish to be considered for promotion are given support to help them meet the set criteria. Fund-raising plans are in place to source funding for promoting staff exchange and the exposure of CPUT academics to their counterparts abroad. Table 3: CPUT Academic Staff by group and gender No. of Staff % of Total Group Gender AFRICAN F 54 3.9% M 132 9.5% COLOURED F 247 17.8% M 261 18.8% INDIAN F 18 1.3% M 22 1.6% OTHER F 1 0.1% M 1 0.1% WHITE F 282 20.3% M 372 26.7% OTHER F 1 0.1% CPUT Total 1,391 16
Source: MIS ; CPUT 5.2.6 Research development Research development continues to grow and entails, among other activities, partnerships with industry, government departments and independent agencies. Evidence on progress in research at CPUT can further be taken from the growing number of post- graduate degrees awarded, especially at doctoral level. Equally, there is increasing participation in national and international conferences. The growing number of publications and DoHET subsidised articles further attests to the healthy state of research development at CPUT. To ensure the success of these initiatives, the University has established two directorates: the Research Directorate and the Centre for Postgraduate Studies. This is addition to the Research Centres with their areas of specialisation. In addition to research development initiatives that are located in various faculties, departments and institutes, a special effort is made to widen the circle of researchers by broadening opportunities to include women. The Women in Research Association (WIRA) was launched in 2008. This is yet another vehicle for the promotion of women researchers as well as those men who conduct research on women’s issues. There is also a noticeable increase in NRF- rated women who constitute 35 percent of the current total. Table 4: CPUT figures for Master’s and Doctoral Degrees awarded Year Master’s Degree Doctoral Degree 2005 61 6 2006 53 6 2007 69 10 2008 82 13 5.2.7 Governance 17
The CPUT Statute was approved at the beginning of 2010 by the Department of Higher Education and Training. Before then the Institution was governed according to the Standard Institutional Statute. The delay the University experienced in the approval of its Statute meant that there was no clear process of changing Council membership. With the recent Statute approval, however, a Council Membership Committee has started the process of replacing membership. With democracy as one of its values, the CPUT community has gone a long way towards establishing a culture of consultation and representivity in structures. The governing structures are in place. There is a Chancellor and a Council that are fully operational. Joint planning workshops between Council and Executive Management have provided a platform for open discussion and defining of roles. Global and national difficulties facing higher education have severely tested governance at CPUT, but it has remained intact. Attempts are made to promote greater transparency through use of different communication channels internally and externally. A current proposal by the Institutional Forum for an Ombuds Office is currently awaiting the finalization of a policy on whistle blowing. This is work in progress. Internal structures are in place as well which include, among others, the Institutional Forum, Senate and the Student Representative Council (SRC) which, under its Constitution is elected annually. Further attempts are made to involve students in governance in faculties through faculty representatives and participation in faculty boards as well as through house committees in residences. For students, these are platforms where they hone their skills in leadership, but where they also learn about being agencies of change. 18
6. Conclusion In its brief history of five years, the CPUT community has worked hard to build on some inherited traditions but to also create new systems and policies for the new institution to move forward and accomplish its mission. The commitment to building a new Higher Education Institution within the new ambits of a democratic order, equity and redress, engagement with diversity and academic excellence, has not wavered. The many CPUT structures with their differing mandates have confronted challenges and ensured that the University remains true to its Mission. 19
7. Annexure: A CAPE PENINSULA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (CPUT) Transformation, Social Cohesion and Diversity Charter We, the community of the Cape Peninsula University of Technology, mindful of the past injustices that featured strongly in our higher education system under the previous dispensation, undertake to participate in our respective positions and capacities, to be drivers of change within our institution. This Charter is a blue print for the process of embedding Transformation, Social Cohesion and Diversity Engagement at CPUT. These three tenets can best be realised through equity processes in the employment of staff, curriculum development processes, teaching and learning, and governance that are underpinned by democracy and transparency. The Charter itself is underpinned by the following broad principles: 1. Equity and redress After a decade and a half of the new socio-political dispensation in South Africa, the need for pursuing practices that ensure equity and redress for those previously disadvantaged, still exists. Each unit, within CPUT, has to set clear objectives that are measurable, to bring about equity in the intake of staff and students, in relation to the institutionally stated demographic ratios. 2. Access, retention and success 20
As an institution CPUT will endeavour to broaden student participation, particularly students from the Designated Groups – Africans, Coloureds, Indians, White women and Disabled students - in our programmes. Appropriate academic development and support initiatives will be provided for students with potential, but in need of such help for them to succeed. Resources will be leveraged through various means, including third-stream income, to increase both the quality and quantity of postgraduate students and the quality of supervision, to contribute to significant increase in research productivity. Employment, support and retention of underrepresented groups in faculties and departments has to be pursued by all line managers. 3. Non- racism and non-discrimination The institution espouses the pronouncements of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa on non-racism, non-discrimination and belief in human dignity and equality for all. Staff and students at CPUT shall therefore be treated with dignity and according to the dictates of human rights. 4. Diversity The institution embraces diversity and firmly subscribes to the notion of unity in diversity. The institution values what each staff member and student from different cultures, religion, class and age bring to the community. As part of ongoing efforts to address under-representation of particular groups in administration, middle management, teaching and research, and promotional opportunities, affirmative action, underpinned by inclusive excellence, will be considered as corrective measure in enforcing positive discrimination as 21
articulated in the labour relations and employment equity legislation of the Republic. 5. Social cohesion The institution has already started with initiatives that are aimed at forging unity of purpose among staff through the Vision, Mission, Strategic Plan and values in promoting a new institutional culture. Various initiatives will need to be pursued to cultivate and deepen a sense of unity among the members of the various campuses. 6. Support for a conducive learning and working climate It is incumbent on all members of the CPUT community to contribute to creating a conducive working, teaching and learning, research, and community engagement environment for both students and staff, in particular for under-represented groups. Rendering effective support, being sensitive to linguistic and cultural diversity and disabusing of negative attitudes and stereotypes in dealing with students, will go a long way towards the creation of an empowering environment. 7. Gender CPUT is very mindful of the negative effects of patriarchy in the psyche of South African society and its ascription of certain roles, occupations and division of labour on the basis of gender rather than ability. CPUT commits itself to be sensitive to gender issues by creating equal opportunities in all occupational categories and job levels, and representivity in institutional committees – thus creating and affirming an empowering working and learning environment for staff and students. 22
8. References 1. Anderson, D & LA. (2001). Beyond Change Management: Advanced Strategies for Today’s Transformational Leaders. Jossey-Bass, San Franscisco. 2. CPUT. (2009), The CPUT Legacy Project Proposal. 3. Jansen,JD. (2009). Knowledge in the Blood: Confronting Race and the Apartheid Past. Cape Town 23
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