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BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE
        T R A V E L
BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE - Zenith Media
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    Advertising               Category   Consumer
     Forecasts                 Growth     Insights
BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE - Zenith Media
Introduction
Welcome to Business Intelligence       Measures introduced to control
– Travel, the ninth of Zenith’s        the pandemic have increased
Business Intelligence reports, which   bureaucracy and expense of
analyse the advertising, business      travel, giving travel brands the
and consumer behaviour trends          opportunity to strengthen their
shaping different categories.          relationships with consumers
                                       by providing digital assistance
The travel industry has suffered       to smooth their journeys. Travel
profound disruption since the          brands already spend more of
onset of the pandemic, probably        their budgets on digital advertising
more than any other industry in        than other brands, but their digital
recent history. Although demand        expenditure will continue to grow
for travel is now recovering,          as they aim to turn travel into an
changes in regulations, technology     end-to-end digital experience,
and consumer expectations will         from research and discovery to
shape the development of the           navigating airports and the final
industry for years to come. The rise   destination.
of video calls means airlines and
hotels groups will have to rethink     Scope
their business models to adapt         This report covers the airline and
to less business travel, often the     accommodation/hotel industries,
mainstay of their profits. Consumers   including both international and
are demanding more sustainable         domestic. The thirteen markets
travel, and spending more time         it includes are Australia, Canada,
holidaying in their home countries.    China, France, Germany, India, Italy,
                                       Poland, Russia, Spain, Switzerland,
                                       UK and USA, which between them
                                       account for 74% of total global
                                       adspend.
BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE - Zenith Media
TRAVEL
    ADSPEND FORECASTS

     Travel adspend will grow      But the travel ad market won’t
    two to six times faster than   return to pre-pandemic levels
     the ad market as a whole          of spending until 2023
         from 2021 to 2023

4
BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE - Zenith Media
Travel brands spent 63%        India to lead recovery with
 of their budgets on digital    31% growth in travel adspend
advertising in 2020, and will      between 2019 and 2023
     spend 70% in 2023

                                                               5
BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE - Zenith Media
THE LONG AND
    WINDING ROAD TO
    RECOVERY
    Travel advertising is poised for rapid growth as
    brands reset their relationships with consumers
    after the great rupture of 2020. We forecast
    travel advertising to expand by 24% in 2021,
    twice as fast as the advertising market as a
    whole, before 36% growth in 2022 and 19%
    growth in 2023.

    Faced with the existential threat of the
    coronavirus pandemic, many brands delayed
    or denied refunds to customers as travel
    shut down in 2020, leaving these customers
    aggrieved and open to alternatives. These
    brands now have to rebuild trust, while their
    rivals have an opportunity to forge new
    relationships as consumers adapt to the realities
    of post-COVID travel.

6
BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE - Zenith Media
Year-on-year growth in adspend (%) – 13 key markets

                                                   36.4

                                  24.0
                                                                      19.4
                                         11.5
                                                          6.9                5.2
        2020
                                   2021             2022                2023
            -3.6

       -46.1

   Travel          Total market

Source: Zenith

Brands will have to refocus their               Travellers face a complicated
communications on different                     regime of COVID tests, vaccine
audiences as they adapt to the                  passports and form-filling,
decline of business travel, now                 with different requirements for
that companies know they can                    every country. Brands have
coordinate international business               the opportunity to reduce this
with remote meetings. Airline                   friction by using their apps and
and hotel groups in particular will             platforms to organise all the
have to develop and market new                  necessary information and help
services for consumers to mitigate              their customers navigate each
the loss of business travellers,                bureaucratic obstacle before,
which for many of them provided                 during and after their journeys.
the core of their profitability.                By integrating this support with
Brands will also have to address                tools for choosing and purchasing
consumers’ concerns about the                   voyages, and concierge services for
sustainability of travel, and adapt             travellers when they arrive at their
to shifting demand towards low-                 destination, brands can turn travel
carbon journeys.                                into a unified digital experience.

                                                                                       7
BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE - Zenith Media
Total travel adspend (US$ million) – 13 key markets

                                                                              19,598
         18,003
                                                              16,421

                                            12,042

                          9,710

          2019            2020              2021               2022            2023

    Source: Zenith

    Travel advertising was one of the                Many consumers spent lockdown
    categories hardest-hit by COVID-19.              dreaming of travel, and the number
    The travel ad market lost nearly half            of trips taken has risen rapidly as
    its value in 2020 (46%), while the               restrictions have loosened. This
    ad market as a whole shrank by just              pent-up demand will drive rapid
    4%. That’s after two solid months of             growth in travel adspend over
    spending in January and February                 the next few years, but it will be a
    – key months for the industry in                 long road back to pre-pandemic
    the northern hemisphere, when                    spending. Travel adspend will
    families start thinking of summer                be still 33% below its 2019 level
    holidays after the winter break. The             this year, while the ad market as
    drop from March onwards was                      a whole will be 7% ahead. It will
    even sharper, as so many people                  take until 2023 for travel to exceed
    were confined to their homes and                 2019 levels of spending, which
    local areas. We estimate that travel             it will do by 9%. At this point the
    adspend fell from US$18.0 billion in             wider ad market will be up by 21%
    2019 to US$9.7 billion in 2020.                  compared to 2019.

8
BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE - Zenith Media
9
BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE - Zenith Media
TRAVEL GOES DIGITAL
     Travel advertisers spend more on                  more important over time as the
     digital advertising than the average              industry’s digital transformation
     brand – 63% in 2020, compared                     continues, rising from 63% of
     to 58% on average. This is not                    travel adspend in 2020 to 70% in
     surprising for a category that has                2023. Integrating travel apps with
     been well ahead of the market in                  vaccine passports, and using them
     digital transformation, conducting                to help consumer navigate local
     32% of sales by ecommerce in 2021                 COVID-related rules and hurdles,
     compared to 20% for retail as a                   will accelerate the transition of
     whole.                                            travel towards a seamless digital
                                                       experience, from initial research
     Digital travel advertising aims to                to enjoying the destination. This
     capture consumers in the early                    offers brands the potential to
     stage of research, through search                 turn travel back into a curated
     advertising and display and                       experience, which consumers
     video ads within relevant content.                used to expect from travel agents,
     Digital advertising will become                   instead of the current pick-and-mix

     Share of adspend by medium, 2020 (%) – 13 key markets

     Newspapers                6.3
                            4.6

      Magazines                 6.4
                          3.4

             TV                          13.2
                                                24.1

          Radio           3.1
                             4.7

         Cinema     0.4
                    0.2

           OOH                     7.6
                            4.5

          Digital                                                                        62.9
                                                                                  58.4

        Travel             Total market

     Source: Zenith

10
approach. This may lead to new                            to television in 2020, compared to
partnerships between airlines and                         the average of 24%. Effective travel
hotel groups, and an extended role                        advertising in traditional media
for travel intermediaries. As travel                      will get consumers thinking about
becomes ever more digital, digital                        holidays, and give them a starting
advertising will become even more                         point for their search, primarily
important for both brand building                         a website or app. This works
and conversion. We forecast digital                       particularly well when consumers
adspend by travel brands to grow                          are in unstimulating environments
by 6% a year between 2019 and                             like public transport, and when
2023. Online video in particular                          brands can display a range of
will play a key role in creating the                      options and prices – consumers
initial emotional connection with                         are looking for choice and value.
consumers, inviting them to take                          Print and out-of-home advertising
their first step on the digital journey.                  on public transport are therefore
                                                          especially effective. Travel adspend
Travel advertisers spend                                  in print is falling as circulations
substantially more of their budgets                       continue to shrink, but we forecast
on newspapers, magazines and                              out-of-home travel to recover from
out-of-home than average, and                             its slump in 2020 and grow at an
substantially less on television, with                    average rate of 6% a year between
just 13% of travel adspend going                          2019 and 2023.

Average annual growth in adspend by medium 2019-2023 (%)
– 13 key markets
    Cinema                                                                                16.5
                                                   -0.5

     Digital                                                          6.4
                                                                                 11.8

      OOH                                                            5.9
                                                   -0.6

 Magazines                        -7.2
                   -11.5

        TV                   -7.9
                                            -2.3

      Radio                -8.6
                                     -6.2

Newspapers -13.4
           -13.4

   Travel           Total market

Source: Zenith

                                                                                                 11
BRANDS SEEK OUT
     NEW TRAVELLERS
     Total change in travel adspend by key market 2019-2023 (%)

     India 31.3%
     Russia 21.3%
     China 15.6%
     Poland 14.1%
     US 13.0%
     Germany 9.4%
     Switzerland 7.0%
     Italy 3.9%
     UK -0.3%
     Australia -4.0%
     Canada -5.1%
     Spain -6.7%
     France -8.6%

     Source: Zenith

      -8.6    -6.6      -4.6   -2.6   -0.6   1.4   3.4   5.4   7.4   9.4   11.4   13.4   15.4   17.4

12
We expect the fastest growth in
                                                     travel advertising to come from
                                                     India and Russia, which will end
                                                     2023 31% and 21% above the
                                                     2019 baseline respectively. Here,
                                                     rising disposable incomes mean
                                                     more people are travelling, and
                                                     existing travellers are travelling
                                                     more frequently. The same holds
                                                     true for China and Poland, where
                                                     adspend will increase by 16% and
                                                     14% respectively between 2019
                                                     and 2023.

                                                     The robust US ad market is
                                                     pushing up media prices, which
                                                     is the main reason why travel
                                                     adspend will be 13% higher
                                                     there in 2023 and in 2019. Other
                                                     mature markets will range from
                                                     +9% to -9% growth over this
                                                     period, depending on consumer
                                                     demand, media inflation,
                                                     adoption of digital technology,
                                                     and a myriad of other reasons. In
                                                     all markets, though, the recovery
                                                     of travel advertising from the 2019
                                                     baseline will be well behind the
                                                     growth of the market as a whole.

4   19.4   21.4   23.4   25.4   27.4   29.4   31.4

                                                                                           13
TRAVEL
     CATEGORY GROWTH

       Travel spending fell 51% in     Airlines and hotels need
     2020, and won’t return to pre-    new business models as
      pandemic levels until 2023      companies swap business
                                         class for video calls

14
Growth depends on making       Demand for sustainability
 travel a digital experience   will reshape the industry

                                                           15
ENTERING UNCHARTED WATERS
     After the great disruption caused                   consumers have embraced
     by the coronavirus pandemic,                        the limited travel opportunities
     the travel industry faces a highly                  available to them bodes well for
     uncertain future – perhaps more                     long-term demand for consumer
     uncertain than any other category                   travel, especially given the extra
     in modern history. After grinding                   expense and bureaucracy of
     almost to a halt in the second                      navigating COVID regulations.
     quarter 2020, consumer and                          But their heightened awareness
     business travel has since started                   of health concerns and raised
     to recover in fits and starts, but it               awareness of the need for
     remains far from clear how much                     sustainability will change the types
     demand for business travel will                     of holiday they choose. Patterns
     return now that companies have                      of demand for different modes of
     found they can replace internal                     transport, travel destinations, types
     and external meetings with video                    of lodging and relationships with
     calls. The willingness with which                   travel companies will all be in flux.

     Year-on-year growth – 13 key markets (%)

                                                         31.6          31.8
                                                                                     20.6

         7.3 5.6                                                9.7           7.6
                           6.3 4.7                                                          5.7

                                           -51.4-2.9
          2018                2019           2020         2021          2022          2023

         Travel expenditure          Consumer spending

     Source: Euromonitor International

16
So while this report presents                       half, from US$3.3 billion in 2019 to
forecasts of how the travel industry                US$1.6 billion in 2020 – eighteen
will develop over the next few                      times faster than the 3% drop in
years, these must be read as                        consumer spending.
central expectations with wide
margins of uncertainty around                       While some consumers are still
them. This uncertainty is also an                   worried about flights and mingling
opportunity for the industry. At a                  with strangers, others are chafing
time when the old rules no longer                   at restrictions and embrace
apply, travel companies will have                   whatever travel opportunities are
to rebuild the industry from the                    open to them. There is clearly a
ground up, introducing new                          lot of pent-up demand for travel.
business models and relationships                   As time goes on, and infections
with travellers. The future of travel               come under control, consumers
will be shaped now.                                 will progressively move from the
                                                    first group to the second. Business
Travel was one of the categories                    travel is also resuming, but much
most affected by the pandemic                       more tentatively. While travel
in 2020, unsurprisingly for a year                  expenditure is recovering from
when much of the population                         its much-reduced base, and is
was confined to their homes for                     forecast to continue to do so for
prolonged periods. Spending                         the next few years, it won’t return
on travel dropped by more than                      to 2019 levels until 2023.

Travel expenditure (US$ billion) – 13 key markets

                                    3,257                                          3,308
                  3,064
  2,856                                                                2,742

                                                          2,081
                                            1,581

   2017            2018             2019    2020           2021        2022        2023

Source: Euromonitor International

                                                                                           17
NO MORE
     BUSINESS AS USUAL

18
Business travel was the backbone       tourist cities and resorts. This will
of much of the pre-pandemic            interact with another consequence
travel industry. Business travellers   of the pandemic, the rise of remote
represented 10% of passengers          and flexible working. With modern
across the major airlines, but         communication tools reducing the
accounted for 55%-75% of their         need for face-to-face interaction
profits. Corporate travellers were     in many industries, employees
also the main source of revenues for   are benefiting from reduced
many city-based hotel chains*. Any     commuting time, while companies
long-term decline in business travel   take the opportunity to reduce their
will therefore require travel groups   floor space and rental costs. The
to restructure their operations.       demand for commercial property in
                                       city centres is therefore falling at the
Airlines will have to adapt their      same time as demand for business
routes and fleets to the shift         accommodation. Meanwhile the
in demand from business to             price of residential property to
consumer travel, with more long-       soaring to record levels. Planning
haul travel to holiday destinations    or zoning regulations will make
on high-capacity planes, and fewer     the obvious solution of converting
short-haul trips between business      hotels and offices to homes
hubs on smaller craft. They will       expensive and protracted, but
also need to decide what to do         hotel groups have the potential to
with unusual space in business         offer longer-term accommodation
cabins. The options here range         in their existing properties. The
from leaving the space unchanged       Airbnb model, which allows
and selling it to consumers at lower   owners to switch between offering
price points, through reconfiguring    short breaks and long-term lets
the cabins to be more welcoming        as demand fluctuates, may also
to families and friends travelling     become more common.
together, to converting them
to premium economy or even             All types of travel companies will
economy seating. All of these          have to experiment with new
options will involve a much lower      services and different pricing
yield per unit area, so will require   models as they adapt to the new
reductions in services provided to     patterns of demand.
maintain margins.
                                       *Source: New York Times, ‘Best
Hotel groups will reassess their       Guess on When Business Travel Will
portfolio of properties, shifting      Recover? It Could be Years’, 13 July
investment from business hubs to       2020

                                                                                  19
HOME COMFORTS
     AND GREEN
     JOURNEYS
     There is huge variation in consumer preferences
     for domestic and outbound travel between
     markets. The two largest markets – China and
     the US – are the most domestic, owing to their
     huge territories and varying climates, and, for
     China, historic restrictions on travel. Europeans
     are much more likely to travel internationally,
     particularly from Poland, Russia, Switzerland and
     the UK, where domestic travel accounted for
     less than a third of travel expenditure in 2019.

     In almost all markets, travel will be more
     domestic in 2023 than it was in 2019. The
     difference will be particularly marked in countries
     that have historically been most keen on foreign
     travel: the share of domestic travel in Poland,
     Russia, Switzerland and the UK will be three
     percentage points higher on average in 2023
     than in 2019. That’s partly because, barred from
     travelling abroad during the pandemic, travellers
     have found domestic holidays more rewarding
     than they expected, and will be more likely to
     take them in future. But it also reflects consumers’
     rising awareness of the environmental costs of
     travel, as detailed in the Consumer Research
     section of this report. As well as boosting
     demand for domestic travel, these concerns
     will also reshape foreign travel, with consumers
     opting for shorter journeys, or deciding to visit
     fewer places for longer periods. Government-
     imposed initiatives to make carbon-emitting
     activities like air travel more costly will only add
     to the pressure for the travel industry to become
     more efficient and sustainable.

20
Domestic share of total travel expenditure (%)

         Australia                                                    59.4
                                                                       60.7

          Canada                                           46.2
                                                          45.3

            China                                                                            84.0
                                                                                            82.5

           France                                                             66.3
                                                                                     72.0

        Germany                                           46.1
                                                         43.7

             India                                                                      76.4
                                                                                          79.4

              Italy                                                   60.3
                                                                         64.3

           Poland                              32.9
                                                  36.6

            Russia                             32.6
                                                 35.5

            Spain                                           48.3
                                                               51.9

     Switzerland                    20.5
                                     21.8

United Kingdom                              28.0
                                              30.7

              USA                                                                                84.7
                                                                                                  86.6

                         2019

                         2023

Source: Euromonitor International

                                                                                                         21
DISTANT TRAVELLERS
     NEED DIGITAL
     ASSISTANTS
     Across our 13 markets, most travel was domestic
     even before the pandemic, as opposed
     to outbound. Outbound expenditure then
     thoroughly collapsed in 2020, shrinking by 75%,
     while the decline in domestic expenditure was
     limited to 43%. Outbound travel is forecast to
     recover at much higher percentage growth
     rates than domestic travel over the next few
     years, but will still be 4% behind 2019 levels in
     2023, while domestic will be 3% ahead.

     The recovery in foreign travel will depend on
     reducing the friction of measures introduced
     to curb the pandemic. Ever-shifting travel
     restrictions, quarantines, requirements for COVID
     testing, proof of vaccination, and extensive
     documentation all add greatly to difficulty and
     expense of arranging a trip abroad. These are
     not going to go away any time soon. To boost
     demand, travel companies will have to organise
     all the information consumers need to travel,
     and coordinate it with all the relevant authorities.
     Airlines in particular have made headway here
     by integrating some of the necessary information
     with their apps, but all travel companies have
     an opportunity here to turn travel into an
     end-to-end digital experience. By using their
     digital platforms to smooth consumers through
     research, purchase, travel and navigating their
     destination, travel groups can build closer and
     longer-lasting relationships with their customers.

22
Travel has a head-start over most                                stalled in 2020 as the industry was
industries in transforming into a                                thoroughly disrupted, but travel
digital-led experience. 29% of                                   companies have the experience
travel sales were made digitally in                              and the incentives to lead the way
2019, compared to 15% for all retail                             in digital transformation in the years
sales. The rise of travel ecommerce                              to come.

Travel expenditure (US$ billion) – 13 key markets

                                      2,367                                                          2,448
                    2,212                                                                2,130
   2,053
                                                                      1,733

                                                      1,359

                        852                  891                                                           859
       803
                                                                                             612
                                                                          348
                                                          222

     2017            2018                  2019        2020             2021              2022            2023

    Domestic expenditure                  Outbound expenditure

Source: Euromonitor International

Ecommerce share of retail sales (%)

                                                                                                   31.8
       27.9                   28.5                    29.0                     28.9

                                                                                  19.6                20.2

                                                          15.4
                                    13.6
             11.8

           2017                    2018                 2019                    2020                2021

    Travel          Total retail

Source: Euromonitor International

                                                                                                                 23
DIGITAL TRAVEL SCALES UP
       Ecommerce has powered the                               have a more linear relationship
       growth of travel intermediaries,                        between sales and profits, and
       which allow consumers to search,                        so have not scaled up so rapidly.
       compare and coordinate flights,                         Each of the big three travel
       lodging and other travel services.                      intermediaries – Trip.com, Booking
       Historically this was the job of                        Holding and Expedia – are now
       human travel agents, but of course                      about as large as the largest airline
       intermediation is now dominated                         and lodging group put together,
       by digital platforms. These have                        having collectively doubled in size
       consolidated rapidly in recent                          between 2015 and 2019.
       years. Most of their expenditure,
       such as investment in technology                        Ecommerce has also greatly
       and data, is on fixed costs, so extra                   increased the importance of
       scale leads directly to extra returns.                  discoverability and branding.
       Airlines and lodging groups, which                      Search is the first step in the digital
       have to physically transport or                         journey, and companies that
       accommodate extra customers,                            connect with consumers the fastest

       Share of global search for key travel companies (%)
35.0

25.0

20.0

15.0

10.0

 5.0

 0.0
         2010       2011   2012    2013        2014   2015   2016     2017      2018   2019    2020        2021

           Hilton                    Airbnb                    Marriott                  Expedia

           TUI                       American Airlines         Delta Airlines            United Airlines

       Source: Croft Analytics/Google Trends

24
at this stage have a head-start in          permanent reduction in demand
converting them. Since 2010, Airbnb         for business travel, the need to
has grown from nothing to the               reduce carbon emissions and the
most-searched-for brand among               demand for digital assistance in
key global travel companies by              navigating the barriers to travel.
some distance. This has contributed         This will mean more partnerships
to its rapid climb up the rankings          across the different types of travel
of the largest travel companies.            companies – airlines, lodging
Between 2015 and 2019, Airbnb               groups and intermediaries – as
rose from the eighth to third-largest       well as consolidation within them.
lodgings group, and from the                These companies will be best
twelfth to fifth-largest intermediary.      positioned for growth by capturing
                                            the attention of consumers early in
Now the shape of the travel                 the research phase and by using
industry is up for grabs and the            proprietary digital technology that
successful companies will be                matches them effectively with their
those that adapt fastest to the             ideal destination and guides them
new reality of travel: A potentially        smoothly through their journey.

Retail values of flights by the top eight airlines
(US$ billion) – global
                 American                                                  35.3
                  Airlines                                                               42.3

                  Delta Air                                         32.7
                     Lines                                                        38.0

            United Airlines                                      30.9
                 Holdings                                                    36.4

                 Deutsche                                 23.8
                 Lufthansa                                       30.7

International Consolidated                18.1
             Airlines Group                             22.6

               Air France-                18.3
               KLM Group                           21.3

                  Emirates               17.6
                   Group                          20.7

                Southwest                17.8
                   Airlines                      20.0

                              2015

                              2019

Source: Euromonitor International

                                                                                                25
Retail values of accommodation by the top eight lodging groups
     (US$ billion) – global

             Marriott International
                                                                                                       30.4
                                                                                                                                 56.0

       Hilton Worldwide Holdings
                                                                                                27.3
                                                                                                                34.9

                            Airbnb
                                                     7.5
                                                                                                          33.0

     InterContinental Hotels Group
                                                                                  19.8
                                                                                         23.3

               AccorHotels Group
                                                                  12.1
                                                                               18.0

            Wyndham Worldwide
                                                           9.2
                                                                    13.5

                   Expedia Group
                                                     6.9
                                                                    13.4

             Jin Jiang International
                                       1.1
                                                             10.6

                                             2015

                                             2019

     Source: Euromonitor International

     Retail values of trips booked by the top travel intermediaries
     (US$ billion) – global

                  Trip.com Group
                                                                                      37.2
                                                                                                                                 97.5

               Bookings Holdings
                                                                                                 49.8
                                                                                                                              93.5

                   Expedia Group
                                                                                                              58.2
                                                                                                                       87.3

                American Express
                                                                           29.1
                                                                                   35.9

                            Airbnb
                                               7.7
                                                                                33.0

                     BCD Holdings
                                                                   22.8
                                                                      27.1

                        TUI Group
                                                                 19.9
                                                                        24.8

                Tongcheng elong
                                        3.2
                                                             19.2

                                             2015

                                             2019

     Source: Euromonitor International

26
27
TRAVEL
     CONSUMER INSIGHTS

     Recovery varied as markets    Consumer experience of the
      respond differently to the    pandemic will dictate their
            health crisis              willingness to travel

28
Brand sustainability       Need for digital and
credentials are more   technology solutions across
important than ever    the category to improve the
                           customer experience

                                                     29
DIFFERING GOVERNMENT
     RESPONSES AND RESTRICTIONS
     WILL CONTINUE TO AFFECT
     CATEGORY RECOVERY IN THE
     SHORT TERM
     Travel has been one of the sectors    challenging, particularly with the
     most affected by the global           lack of consensus regarding health
     pandemic and its resulting impact     passports and what is accepted.
     on the world. As concern grew
     and in order to contain the spread    In the short-term, then, domestic
     of the virus, governments around      travel or intra-regional travel
     the world were swift to close         is likely to be preferable for
     borders and order restrictions on     consumers. In larger countries like
     movement. For long stretches          the US and China, the size and
     of 2020 and 2021, flights were        scope of the country provides
     grounded and stay-at-home             a great number of destination
     measures enforced.                    options within their own borders,
                                           and the option to travel by car.
     However, the ongoing level and        In Europe, EU member states
     length of restrictions are markedly   employed a common approach to
     different by market. Some, such       the virus and vaccination, including
     as Australia, have employed strict    the EU Digital COVID Certificate
     border controls from the outset,      Regulation for proof of health
     experienced a low number of           status.
     cases throughout, and have been
     slower with their vaccine roll-       Given the often short distance
     out. As of 01 October 2021, they      between countries, and the
     are still imposing a total border     option to avoid air travel, intra-
     closure. Other markets have lived     regional travel will be quicker
     with higher cases, have been          to resume there. In the short
     quicker to vaccinate and are now      term, while international travel
     opening up to certain countries       remains logistically challenging,
     and/or only restricting or imposing   travel brands should continue to
     quarantine measures on high-risk      target and focus their messaging
     regions. Travel between countries     on domestic or intra-regional
     with widely different responses is    travellers.

30
QUARANTINE ARRIVALS FROM HIGH-RISK REGIONS:
• Germany
• Poland
• Russia
• Spain

BAN ON HIGH-RISK REGIONS:
• Canada
• France
• India
• Italy
• Switzerland
• UK
• USA

TOTAL BORDER CLOSURE:
• Australia

Source: ourworldindata.org – international travel controls – 01 October 2021

                                                                               31
DIFFERENT PANDEMIC
     EXPERIENCE, BUT CONSUMERS
     SHARE CONCERNS WITH
     RETURNING TO TRAVEL
     Countries did not respond to the               less affected, due to maintaining
     pandemic in the same way, and                  employment in roles that were
     so the experience of consumers                 more able to pivot to remote
     within those countries was also                working during the lockdown.
     not the same. For example, risk                Lower-income groups however
     aversion between those markets                 faced greater job uncertainty and
     with a ‘zero COVID’ response,                  are more likely to have struggled
     compared to those with a ‘live                 with job losses or reduced income.
     with the virus’ response will                  The GWI Zeitgeist in June 2021
     understandably vary. But there is              shows that 51% of low-income
     also disparity in experience within            consumers in the 13 markets
     individual countries.                          described the pandemic as having
                                                    a big impact on their finances,
     The financial impact, in particular,           which is 15% more than high-
     has been very different. Higher-               income consumers.
     income groups have largely been

     COVID-19 Impact on Finances – Difference in Low vs. High Income

                                                       14.8%

                                                                           1.4%
            No impact                Small impact

                                                     Big impact       Dramatic impact

               -8.0%                      -9.1%

     Source: GWI Zeitgeist June 2021 – 13 Markets

32
There is discrepancy, therefore,                           Switzerland, it will be more realistic
      between those that have                                    for some consumers than others.
      accumulated savings during the
      restrictions and those that are                            Whilst different groups will return
      struggling more financially. Price                         to travel at different times, it is
      and budget are still important                             already clear that the demand
      considerations and given that                              for travel has started returning. In
      according to a Holiday Barometer                           the UK for example, according
      study published by Ipsos; Europ                            to Google Trends data, searches
      Assistance in June 2021, the average                       for flights have been steadily
      budget for a vacation is between                           increasing in 2021 as restrictions
      €1,256 in Spain to €2,473 in                               have been lessened or lifted.

      Google search trends for “flights” in the UK
100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

 10

 0
       1   3      5   7   9   11   13 15   17   19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51

                                                          Week

           2019           2020         2021

      Source: Google Trends “Flights” Jan 2019-Oct 2021

                                                                                                          33
For those looking to travel, there                        cancellation will be appreciated
     are many similarities in attitude, as                     more by consumers.
     to what the biggest barriers are.                         Similarly, anything that can help
     According to CoStar; STR Global                           ease and simplify the process of
     these are government restrictions,                        booking with regard to accepted
     other travellers, health, and the                         tests, proof of vaccination, and any
     uncertainty around cancellations                          other prerequisites for travel. Brands
     and refunds.                                              need to help and support here and
                                                               rebuild the trust that was shaken
     With so much doubt in terms of                            at the onset of the pandemic after
     new outbreaks or government                               many providers failed to support
     conditions or restrictions, brands                        or communicate adequately at the
     that offer flexible terms and free                        start of the restrictions.

     Travellers’ leading barriers to travel worldwide as of March 2021

                   Government legislation/restrictions                                                  77%
                         Potential hassle of quarantine                                           64%
               Fellow travelers not following the rules                                           64%
                     Concerned about my own health                                          53%
                             Last minute cancellations                                     51%
               Experience will be negatively impacted                                      50%
                Refund challenges due to cancellation                                     47%
               Concerned about traveling (e.g. flying)                                    47%
                     Lack of confidence in destination                              38%
     Concerned about cleanliness of accommodation                             31%
               Additional costs due to required testing                   29%
                            Travel insurance concerns                   23%
                    Financial reasons due to COVID-19             15%
                                                 Other    4%

     Source: CoStar; STR Global

34
Unsurprisingly, health and                                to be upfront about their cleaning
hygiene also have increased in                            and hygiene practices and how
importance in light of the global                         these have been changed or
health pandemic and this will be                          enhanced to safeguard travellers.
another big barrier or concern                            Particularly cautious travellers may
when travelling. The Hartman                              start to choose to travel at quieter
Group found that 54% of U.S.                              times or to destinations that limit
adults indicated that they have                           their exposure to other travellers.
become more concerned about
their family's health and safety as
of 2021, while 31% stated that they
have become more interested in
learning about health. Brands need

Changes in health and wellness views among US adults in 2021

               Cautious about picking up/spreading germs                                             57%
                    Concerned about family's health/safety                                       54%
 Concerned about current level of health risks in community                                    50%
                 Concerned about family's long-term health                                 46%
                                      Focused on immunity                                 45%
           Interested in taking care of myself (body & mind)                             42%
                                  Focused on mental health                          38%
                         Focused on being physically active                         38%
Concerned about ability of healthcare system to care for me                        36%
                           Focused on eating a healthy diet                        36%
                                   Concerned about aging                          35%
        Actively seeking out information about health topics                   33%
              Interested in learning about health & wellness                  31%
Concerned about ability to pay for health products/services                  30%
                     Concerned about having enough food                     28%

Source: The Hartman Group

                                                                                                           35
In addition to physical health, the      increased on their site since the
     pandemic has also highlighted            start of the pandemic, and more
     the importance of mental health.         than half of travellers stated a
     According to a survey conducted          preference for a relaxing trip.
     in April 2021 published by IPSOS,
     around 72% of respondents                The post-COVID traveller will be
     were negatively affected by              different, in terms of both their
     the pandemic in terms of their           needs and their expectations.
     psychological health.                    As demand slowly returns, travel
                                              brands need to target those
     The pandemic caused increased            showing early interest in travelling
     reports of feeling anxious, stressed,    again with content to inspire and
     having trouble sleeping and trouble      entice. They should resist the
     concentrating. This may influence        temptation to increase prices, and
     the types of travel, destinations        make sure that with any booking
     or attractions travellers wish to        there is flexibility to change or
     visit or partake in. Consumers may       adjust with changes in health or
     wish to involve outdoor or nature        circumstance. With increased
     pursuits in their trips or choose spa,   awareness and concern regarding
     wellness or yoga retreats. Or simply     health, consumers will expect
     enjoy slower-paced holidays              more guidance and support with
     that involve staying longer in one       booking and requirements for
     destination rather than moving           travel, and brands need to be
     around. According to booking.com         up-to-date on the requirements
     the use of endorsements such as          themselves, and clear in their
     nature, hiking and relaxation have       communication and messaging.

     COVID-19 pandemic impact on life aspects in G7 countries 2021,
     by country

             Canada                                                                77%
                 Italy                                                             76%
               Japan                                                         72%
        United States                                                        72%
     United Kingdom                                                         70%
            Germany                                                         70%
              France                                                  66%

     Source: IPSOS

36
37
CONSUMERS
     LOOKING FOR
     TRAVEL BRANDS TO
     STRENGTHEN THEIR
     SUSTAINABILITY
     INITIATIVES
     Across all categories, consumers are now
     expecting brands to consider and be more
     transparent in their environmental practices,
     and travel is no exception. Inspired by the
     demonstrable positive effect lockdown had on
     the world’s natural landscapes and concerned
     by the increase in natural disasters such as
     flooding and wildfires, travellers are becoming
     more aware and more demanding. A booking.
     com study in 2021 shows that 83% of global
     travellers believe in the importance of green
     travel, and an 8% increase vs. 2019 in travellers’
     intention to use green lodging in the next year.

     Consumers, particularly those in the younger
     generations for whom the climate emergency
     is particularly pertinent, will increasingly look to
     use sustainability-friendly brands. It will become
     the expectation that airlines and travel brands
     provide information on their carbon footprint,
     what steps they are taking toward carbon-neutral
     travel and even provide options for offsetting
     their trips. According to a Publicis Sapient survey,
     48% of respondents would be willing to pay
     an additional fee when booking their flight to
     purchase a carbon offset credit. Similarly, off-
     season travel will likely increase, with consumers

38
looking for less busy, less crowded                       industry contribution to emissions.
                             and/or alternative ‘less-travelled’                       Consumers want to spend, engage
                             destinations.                                             and connect with brands that
                                                                                       are transparent about their own
                             For travel brands, this is an                             practices, but also those that
                             opportunity for meaningful                                empower them with their own
                             change. Governments across                                efforts and offer them ways in
                             the world are backing climate                             which to reduce or counter it.
                             action and promoting less carbon                          With changes in preference of
                             intensive travel and brands will                          destinations and timings, brands
                             need to adopt and invest in                               need to review and extend the
                             new technologies and practices                            products they offer and adjust to
                             in order to help reduce the                               offer new experiences.

                             Share of global travellers that want to use green lodging in the
                             next year 2016-2021

                                                                                                                                  19%
                                                                                                 27%
                                                             35%               32%
                       80%                 38%                                                                       39%
Share of respondents

                       60%

                       40%                                                                                                        81%
                                                                                                 73%
                                                             65%               68%
                                           62%                                                                       61%

                       20%

                       0%
                                   2016              2017              2018              2019                 2020         2021
                                 Don't intend to stay at least once in an eco-friendly or green accomdation

                                 Intend to stay at least once in an eco-friendly or green accomodation

                             Source: Booking.com

                                                                                                                                        39
TECHNOLOGY
     AND DIGITAL
     INNOVATION
     WILL BE VITAL
     TO CATEGORY
     RECOVERY
     As the pandemic accelerated sustainability
     attitudes, so too did it highlight the need for
     digital transformation. Much of what travellers
     now expect or will expect from the category
     will be driven by advances in or adoption of
     new technologies.

     The travel category is in a better position than
     many other sectors, given that many tourism
     and travel sales worldwide were already made
     online, prior to the pandemic. According to
     Statista Mobility Market Outlook, in 2016 60%
     of sales were made online and this has been
     increasing steadily since. They expect it will
     reach 72% by 2025. These sales are a reflection
     of the rise in online travel companies and
     agents, and consumer willingness to book
     online themselves. In July 2020, dunnhumby
     Beyond found that across all ages in the UK,
     including older generations, 60% of consumers
     were booking their travel online themselves.

     Given the large and growing number of
     consumers booking online, data analytics will be
     critical to learning about new travel behaviours
     and signals in order to adapt product offerings,
     adjust prices and provide additional support

40
when needed. Technology can                                  digital key cards, self-service,
                             help ease the booking process for                            cleaning etc. will give consumers
                             consumers too, particularly in light                         confidence to travel again. Similarly,
                             of the new requirements. Differing                           crowd-control technology can help
                             government legislations and their                            ease queues in congested areas
                             tendency to change without much                              such as airports and train stations,
                             warning, make travelling logistically                        or even at attractions or in cities –
                             more difficult. Brands can use                               helping to avoid over-tourism.
                             technology to simplify this process,
                             but will need to collaborate with                            Disruptive technologies such as
                             others in the category to ensure                             blockchain can not only help
                             the end-to-end experience is as                              improve collaboration across the
                             uncomplicated as possible.                                   industry in terms of transparency
                                                                                          and security, but can also provide
                             Health and hygiene concerns                                  a way for brands to measure their
                             can be mitigated by providing                                environmental impact and to make
                             contact-light or contact-free trips.                         this information available to their
                             Automation of hotel check-ins,                               sustainability-conscious consumers.

                             Holiday booking methods used in the UK 2020, by age
                       70%
                                                                      63%
                                                   61%                                   61%                                61%
                                                                                                            59%
                       60%      57%

                       50%
Share of respondents

                       40%
                                   34%
                                                      30%                29%                                    30%
                       30%                                                                   28%
                                                                                                                               26%

                       20%
                                                                                                                      12%          13%
                                                          10%                                    11%
                                       9%                                     8%
                       10%

                       0%
                                   18-24             25-34               35-44              45-54              55-64        65 or older
                                 Do it all myself - travel, accomodation, etc all online or direct with an operator

                                 Through online travel agent

                                 Through a high street travel agent

                             Source: dunnhumby Beyond; July 2020

                                                                                                                                          41
42
WHAT DOES THIS MEAN?
The pandemic has given the travel category an opportunity to reset and
improve. Business models need to change, as brands will find themselves
increasingly judged on the experience and service they provide rather than
on their products or pricing. Technology will be critical in aiding brands to
appeal to a greatly changed customer and delivering on new expectations
regarding health, hygiene, flexibility and sustainability.

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