BSTC1004 Introduction to Buddhism (6 Credits) - Centre of ...
←
→
Page content transcription
If your browser does not render page correctly, please read the page content below
(Last updated: July 15, 2021)
Undergraduate Course offered by Centre of Buddhist Studies in 2021-2022
ELECTIVE COURSE
(OPEN TO ALL FACULTIES)
BSTC1004 Introduction to Buddhism (6 Credits)
Lecturer Dr. Pu Chengzhong
Office Rm 4.03, The Jockey Club Tower, Centennial Campus
Office Hours 4-5pm Thursday, or by appointment
pcz100@hku.hk (Abusive and improper language will be
Email
reported.)
Schedule Friday -15:30pm-17:20pm
Class Venue Wang Gungwu Lecture Hall
Course Description
As one of the major world religions, Buddhism originated in India but became an important
cultural heritage common to most, if not all, Asian societies. Its influence can be discerned in most
Asian countries and increasingly also in Europe and North America where elements of Buddhism
have become popular in the public sphere as well as in professional sectors, such as psychotherapy,
neuroscience and education. This introductory course provides an overview of Buddhist
intellectual and social history of over 2500 years, covering aspects including historical traditions,
scriptures, fundamental doctrines, basic ethical ideas, practices and customs. The course ends with
a brief account of Buddhism in the West.
Objectives:
1. To give a general introduction to historical and geographical dimensions of Buddhism.
2. To introduce cultures of the three living Buddhist traditions.
3. To introduce the general features of Buddhist literature
4. To outline the fundamental teachings of Buddhist traditions.
Learning outcomes:
Generic skills
1. Being able to engage with sources on Buddhism: primary and secondary.
2. Being able to effectively present ideas in both oral and written form.
3. Being able to appreciate ancient Asian cultures and worldviews.
Course specific skills
1. Having an overview of Buddhist traditions in past and present times.
2. Being able to recognize the main principles and characteristics of Buddhism.
3. Knowing basic teachings of Buddhism.
4. Being able to make sense of important Buddhist activities in today’s world.
Required Reading:
Prebish, Charles S. and Keown, Damien. Buddhism——The Ebook, Third Edition (an electronic copy will be
uploaded onto the course page in the Moodle).
1(Last updated: July 15, 2021)
Lecture Schedule
Week Date Content Remarks
Week 1 Sep. 3, 2021 Introduction to the course; The Social and
Religious Background to the Rise of
Buddhism
Read: The eBook, pp. 14-24.
Week 2 Sep. 10, 2021 The Life of the Buddha;
The Buddhist Communities: Sangha and its
rules
Read: The eBook, pp. 26-75.
Week 3 Sep. 17, 2021 Buddhist Texts of Early Indian Buddhism Cousin’s article is on the
Read: The eBook, pp. 386-392; Lance Moodle
Cousin, ‘The early development of
Buddhist literature and language in India’,
Week 4 Sep. 24, 2021 Buddhist early teachings I
Read: The eBook, pp.26-42; 77-97.
Oct. 1, 2021 Holiday
Week 5 Oct. 8, 2021 Buddhist early teachings II
Read: The eBook, pp.178-193.
Oct. 15, 2021 (Reading Week)
Week 6 Oct. 22, 2021 Buddhist Development after the Buddha; Quiz 1
Mahāyāna Buddhism
Read: The eBook, pp. 120-144.150-174.
Week 7 Oct. 29, 2021 Buddhism in Sri Lanka and Southeast
Asian countries
Read: the eBook, pp. 209-224.
Week 8 Nov. 5, 2021 Buddhism in Central Asia Book report
Read: The Spread of Buddhism, pp.1-129.
Week 9 Nov. 12, 2021 Chinese Buddhism
Read: The eBook, pp. 233-244;
Week 10 Nov. 19, 2021 Tibetan Buddhism
Read: The ebook, pp. 264-281.
Week 11 Nov. 26, 2021 Buddhism in Korea, Japan [zen; pure Deadline for Report of the
land], Vietnam Experiment
Read: the eBook, pp. 245-260.
Week 12 Dec. 3. 2021 Buddhism goes to the West and new Quiz 2
tendencies-engaged Buddhism
Read: The eBook, pp. 286-324.
2(Last updated: July 15, 2021)
Assessment: 100% coursework consisting of the following:
Activities Ratio Submission deadline / Quiz date
Attendance and Discussion 10%
Quiz 1 10% Oct. 22
Book Report of 1800-2100 words 40% Nov. 5
Experiment Report of 1000-1500 words 30% Nov. 26
Quiz 2 10% Dec. 3
Further Notes on Quizzes, the Experiment Report, and the Book Report
1. The Quizzes are in the format of Multiple Choices, you only select the one you think correct out of four
answers (eg.: What is a bhikkhu? A, a religious mendicant; B, a monk; C, a nun; D, a deity). You need to use
either your laptop or handphone accessible to the Moodle as the Quiz is done online on the Moodle
during a given period of time. Please don’t miss it, as no make-up test will be given.
2. For your Experiment (1000-1500 words) you are required to write a report of either of these two: 1) a
discussion between you and anyone on any piece of Buddhist doctrine (a concept such as karma, rebirth,
no-self, emptiness, skillful means, etc.); 2) practising sitting-position mindfulness for 50 minutes within
five days (ideally 10 minutes a day). Your discussion report should include your brief understanding of
a chosen concept, analysis of your discussion, and your reflections (Or you can even write a refutal of
any Buddhist doctrinal point). To write your meditation report, you should first know how to do basic
mindfulness mediation by carefully studying the passage on mindfulness (provided in a PPT slide) or
still better, by reading Nyanaponika Thera’s, The Heart of Buddhist Meditation (London: Rider, 1983)
(Some of you may want to use this for your book report assignment). You record your experience/feeling
while doing the practice. Your report should be neatly written, starting with introducing your project,
continuing with how it went, and ending with what you find out (feelings, personal practice suggestions,
comments, reflections, or even insights). Your experiment report should be clearly structured and formal
in style and wording.
3. To write the Book Report (1800-2100 words), you need to read any one book or watch a video listed in
the Reading List for Book Report below, or to choose a Buddhist scripture or a unit from Donald Lopez’s
Buddhist Scriptures or Bhikkhu Bodhi’s In the Buddha's Words: An Anthology of Discourses from the Pali Canon
(i.e. ‘1. ONE PERSON’). Should you want to write on a book that is not in the List, please let me or your TA
know first.
4. Your Book Report should include an introduction (the author, book title, publishing infor. Or you may
prefer to include these on the title page of your report), an accurate but concise summary of the author’s
points and arguments, your analytical comments of those points (you can also comment as you sum up),
and a conclusion. With no need for a bibliography, your book report should also include proper
referencing and citation. No particular preference for the citation format/style, but please be consistent.
In-text citation should be ok but with page numbers (e.g. Max, 2005: 205).
5. All your writing must be double-spaced with a font sized 12. All your written works should be submitted
through ‘turn-it-in’ on the Moodle by their deadlines. The acceptable maximum similarity rate is 20%.
6. Late submission will be penalized with the following lowering of grade: 1) within first 7 days after the
deadline, one sub-grade will be deducted (e.g. A A-); 2) from the 8th day after the deadline, the
deduction will be a grade (e.g. AB).
7. No plagiarism. For details, please refer to https://tl.hku.hk/plagiarism/
8. For general expectations of student performance at the various grades, please see: A20/906 (hku.hk)
Reading List for Book Report
1. Austin James, H. 1999. Zen and the Brain: Toward an Understanding of Meditation and Consciousness.
the MIT Press.
2. Batchelor, Stephen.2017. After Buddhism: Rethinking the Dharma for a Secular Age. Yale University
Press.
3. Bhante H. Gunaratana. The Four Foundations of Mindfulness in Plain English. Boston: Wisdom
Publications, 2012.
4. Bodhi, Bhikkhu. Facing the Future, Four Essays. Kandy: Buddhist Publication Society, 2000.
3(Last updated: July 15, 2021)
5. _____. In the Buddha's Words: An Anthology of Discourses from the Pali Canon (The Teachings of the
Buddha), Wisdom Publications, 2005.
6. Boisselier, Jean. 1994. The Wisdom of the Buddha, Thames and Hudson, London. (plus later editions).
7. Buddhism & Science, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V-P3j3S2beA&list=PLKuMaHOvHA4rag4t-
jjdbeDdye5nb0rlF ; Oxford Univ: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N9DA66qR7zQ
8. Burns, Sara . 2007. A Path for Parents (What Buddhism Can Offer), Windhorse Publications.
9. Dalai Lama XIV. The Art of Happiness: a Handbook for Living. New York: Riverhead Books, 1998.
10. DeBakcsy, Dale. ‘The dark side of Buddhism,’ New Humanist Blog,
https://newhumanist.org.uk/articles/4021/the-dark-side-of-buddhism, visited 13/11/2020.
11. Edo Shonin, William Van Gordon, Mark D. Griffiths. Mindfulness and Buddhist-Derived Approaches in
Mental Health and Addiction. Springer, 2016.
12. Eppsteiner, Fred. Path of compassion: writing on socially engaged Buddhism. Berkeley, California:
Parallax Press, 1988.
13. Fronsdal, Gil. 2001, Issue At Hand: Essays on Buddhist Mindfulness Practice, 4th ed. (Downloadable from
the internet)
14. Goldstein, Joseph. Insight Mediation: The Practice of Freedom. Dublin: Newleaf, 1993.
15. Griffin, Kevin. 2018. Living Kindness: Buddhist Teachings for a Troubled World. One Breath Books.
16. Harris, Sam. The End of Faith: Religion, Terror, and the Future of Reason. New York and London: W.
W. Norton, 2004. (The End of Faith http://tw.youtube.com/watch?v=J3YOIImOoYM&feature=related)
17. Kabat-Zinn Jon. 2013. Full Catastrophe Living: Using the Wisdom of Your Body and Mind to Face Stress,
Pain, and Illness. Bantam. Revised edition.
18. Jennings, Pilar. 2017. To Heal a Wounded Heart: The Transformative Power of Buddhism and
Psychotherapy in Action. Shambhala.
19. Life of the Buddha, documentary at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z27O-Lh-s8I
20. Lopez, Donald. Buddhist Scriptures, London: Penguins, 2004.
21. MacLean, Katherine. What Can Buddhist Meditation Teach Us About Psychedelic Science?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iV5DCVxBXdk
22. McLeod, Ken, 2002, Wake Up To Your Life: Discovering the Buddhist Path of Attention, New
York: HarperCollins.
23. Michie, David. 2017. Buddhism for Busy People: Finding Happiness in a Hurried World. Shambhala.
24. Morgan, Kenneth W. 1997, The Path of the Buddha: Buddhism Interpreted by Buddhists. Motilal
Banarsidass.
25. Nyanaponika, Thera. 1983. The Heart of Buddhist Meditation, London: Rider.
26. Niebauer, Chris. 2019. No Self, No Problem: How Neuropsychology Is Catching Up to Buddhism,
Hierophant Publishing.
27. Ricard, Matthieu. 2004. The Quantum and the Lotus: A Journey to the Frontiers Where Science and
Buddhism Meet. Broadway Books.
28. Rinzler, Lodro. The Buddha Walks into the Office Talks at Google, at
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Du4xbHHuqvU
29. Shantideva. The Way of the Bodhisattva: (Bodhicaryavatara). California: Shambhala Publications,
2009.
30. Tift Ma Lmft, Bruce. 2015. Already Free: Buddhism Meets Psychotherapy on the Path of Liberation.
Sounds True.
31. Walpola Rahula.1959. What the Buddha Taught. Oxford: Oneworld Publications(revised 1974).
32. Welwood, John. 2002. Toward A Psychology of Awakening: Buddhism, Psychotherapy, and the Path of
Personal and Spiritual Transformation. Shambhala Publications.
33. Wright, Robert, Why Buddhism is True: The Science and Philosophy of Meditation and Enlightenment.
New York: Simon & Schuster, 2017.
34. Zindel V. Segal, J. Mark G. Williams, John D. Teasdale. Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for
Depression: A New Approach to Preventing Relapse. The Guilford Press, 2002.
Further Reading/watching
1. Allen, Charles. 2018. The Buddha and the Sahibs, John Murray.
4(Last updated: July 15, 2021)
2. Allon, Mark. “Recent Discoveries of Buddhist Manuscripts from Afghanistan and Pakistan: The
Heritage of the Greeks in the North-west.” In Himanshu Prabha Ray and Daniel T. Potts, eds. Memory
as History: The Legacy of Alexander in Asia. New Delhi: Aryan Books International, 2007, pp. 131–41.
3. Anningson, Ryan 2017. 'Theories of the Self, Race, and Essentialization in Buddhism in the United
States during the “Yellow Peril,” 1899-1957'. PhD Dissertation. Wilfrid Laurier University.
4. Anālayo, “A Note on the Term Theravāda,” Buddhist Studies Review 30/2, 2013, 215–235.
5. Bechert, Heinz & Richard Gombrich. 1989. The World of Buddhism, Thames & Hudson, London.
6. Becoming the Buddha in L A, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VU_VW7pXkB0
7. Berkwitz, Stephen C. 2010. South Asian Buddhism: A Survey. London & New York: Routledge.
8. Bluck, Robert. 2006. British Buddhism: Teachings, Practice and Development. London: Routledge.
9. Brook, Timothy. 1994. Praying for Power: Buddhism and the Formation of Gentry Society in Late Ming
China. Cambridge, MA: Council on East Asian Studies, Harvard University and Harvard-Yenching
Institute.
10. Brough, John. “Comments on Third-Century Shan-shan.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African
Studies (BSOAS) 28 (1965): 582–612.
11. Buswell, Robert E. ed. 1990. Chinese Buddhist Apocrypha. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press.
12. _____. (editor in chief) 2004. Encyclopedia of Buddhism, Macmillan Reference, New York
13. Carrithers, Michael, 1983, The Forest Monks of Sri Lanka: An Anthropological and Historical Study,
Oxford University Press, Oxford.
14. Ch’en, Kenneth. 1964. Buddhism in China. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
15. _____. The Chinese Transformation of Buddhism (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1973).
16. Cho Eunsu. 2005. “Wŏnch’ŭk’s Place in the East Asian Buddhist Tradition.” In Robert Buswell Jr., ed.
Currents and Countercurrents: Korean Influences on the East Asian Buddhist Traditions. Honolulu:
University of Hawai‘i Press, pp. 173–216.
17. Como, Michael. 2008. Shōtoku: Ethnicity, Ritual, and Violence in the Japanese Buddhist Tradition.
New York: Oxford University Press.
18. Corless, Roger J. 1989. The Vision of Buddhism, Paragon House, St. Paul.
19. Lance Cousin, ‘The early development of Buddhist literature and language in India’, Journal of Oxford
Centre for Buddhist Studies, 5, 2013, pp 89-135.
20. Covell, Stephen G. 2005. Japanese Temple Buddhism: Worldliness in a Religion of Renunciation.
Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press.
21. Deal, William E. & Ruppert, Brian. 2015. A Cultural History of Japanese Buddhism, Oxford: Wiley-
Blackwell.
22. Dunnell, Ruth W. 1996. The Great State of White and High: Buddhism and State Foundation in
Eleventh-Century Xia. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
23. Elverskog, Johan. 1997. Uygur Buddhist Literature. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols.
24. Foltz, R. 1999. Religions of the Silk Road: Overland Trade and Cultural Exchange from Antiquity to the
Fifteenth Century, New York : St Martins Press .
25. Francke, IM & Brownstone, DM (1986). The Silk Road: A History, Facts on File, New York.
26. Frye, RN. 1996. The Heritage of Central Asia from Antiquity to the Turkish Expansion, Princeton:
Markus Wiener Publishers.
27. Gernet, Jacques. 1995. Buddhism in Chinese History: an Economic History from the 5thto the
10th Centuries. Translated by Franciscus Verellen. New York: Columbia University Press.
28. Gethin, Rupert. 1998. The Foundations of Buddhism, Oxford University Press.
29. Gombrich, Richard F. 2006. Theravada Buddhism: A Social History from Ancient Benares to Modern
Colombo. 2nd edition. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
30. Gowans, Christopher W. 2003. Philosophy of the Buddha, London & New York: Routledge.
31. Grant, Beata. 1994. Mount Lu Revisited: Buddhism in the Life and Writings of Su Shih. Honolulu:
University of Hawai‘i Press.
32. Gregory, Peter N. 1991. Tsung-mi and the Sinification of Buddhism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University
Press.
33. Gregory, Peter N. and Daniel A. Getz, Jr., eds. 1999. Buddhism in the Sung. Studies in East Asian
Buddhism 13. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press.
5(Last updated: July 15, 2021)
34. Grosnick, William. 1995. ‘The Tathāgatagarbha Sūtra’, in Donald Lopez (ed.), Buddhism in Practice
(Princeton,), 92-I06.
35. Halperin, Mark. 2006. Out of the Cloister: Literati Perspectives on Buddhism in Sung China, 960–
1279. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center.
36. Harvey, Peter. 1990. An Introduction to Buddhism: teachings, history, and practices. New York :
Cambridge University Press.
37. Hanson, Rick. 2009. Buddha's Brain: The Practical Neuroscience of Happiness, Love, and Wisdom,
New Harbinger Publications.
38. Heirman, Ann and Bumbacher, Stephan Peter. 2007. The Spread of Buddhism, Leiden: Brill.
39. Hershock, Peter D. 2004. Chan Buddhism. University of Hawaii Press.
40. Hope, Jane and Borin Van Loon. 2005. Introducing Buddha, Icon Books UK.
41. Hubbard, Jamie. 2001. Absolute Delusion, Perfect Buddhahood: The Rise and Fall of a Chinese Heresy.
Nanzan library of Asian religion and culture. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press.
42. Kalupahana, David J. 1992. A History of Buddhist Philosophy. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
43. Kapstein, Matthew. 2000. The Tibetan Assimilation of Buddhism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
44. Keown, Damien. 1996). A Very Short Introduction to Buddhism, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
45. Kieschnick, John. 1997. The Eminent Monk: Buddhist Ideals in Medieval Chinese Hagiography.
Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press.
46. Kudara, Kogi. 2002. “A Rough Sketch of Central Asian Buddhism.” Pacific World: Journal of the
Institute of Buddhist Studies 3.4: 93–107.
47. Tikhonov, Vladimir. 2004. “The Japanese Missionaries and Their Impact on Korean Buddhist
Developments (1876–1910).” International Journal of Buddhist Thought and Culture 4, pp. 7–48.
48. Korean Buddhist Research Institute (Chae, Taeg-su), ed., 1993. The History and Culture of Buddhism in
Korea. Seoul: Dongguk University Press.
49. Legge, James, tr. Record of Buddhistic Kingdoms. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1886.
50. Liu, Ming-Wood. 1994. Madhyamaka Thought in China. Leiden: E. J. Brill.
51. Lopez Jr., Donald S. ed. 2017. The Norton Anthology of World Religions: Buddhism. W. W. Norton &
Company.
52. ______. 2009. The Story of Buddhism: A Concise Guide to Its History & Teachings. HarperOne.
53. ______. The Scientific Buddha: Past, Present, Future - "Building a Better Buddha", at
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cA2oRwnn7E8
54. Madsen, Richard. 2007. Democracy’s Dharma: Religious Renaissance and Political Development in
Taiwan. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
55. McBride, Richard D. II. 2008. Domesticating the Dharma: Buddhist Cults and the Hwaŏm Synthesis in
Silla Korea. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press.
56. McNair, Amy. 2007. Donors of Longmen: Faith, Politics, and Patronage in Medieval Chinese Buddhist
Sculpture. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press.
57. Miggetuwate, Guananda & De Silva, David (1955), The Great Debate: Buddhism and Christianity Face
to Face, Colombo: P. K. W. Siriwardhana.
58. Mitchell, Scott A. 2016. Buddhism in America: Global Religion, Local Contexts. Bloomsbury
Academic.
59. Mollier, Christine. 2008. Buddhism and Taoism Face to Face: Scripture, Ritual, and Iconographic
Exchange in Medieval China. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press.
60. Moriyasu, Takao. “Toruko bukkyō no genriyū to ko-toruko-go butten no shutsugen” [The origin of
Turkic Buddhism and the emergence of Buddhist texts in ancient Turkic language]. Shigaku zasshi 98/4
(1989): 453–87.
61. Nattier, Jan. 2004. “Buddhism in Central Asia.” In Encyclopedia of Buddhism. Vol. 1. Edited by Robert
E. Buswell, 120–122. New York: Macmillan.
62. Neelis, Jason E. 2011. Early Buddhist Transmission and Trade Networks: Mobility and Exchange within
and beyond the Northwestern Borderlands of South Asia. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill.
63. Ngawang Tsepag, 2005, ‘Traditional Cataloguing & Classification of Tibetan Literature’. The Tibet
Journal, Vol. 30, No. 2, pp. 49-60.
64. Paul, Diana Y. 1984. Philosophy of Mind in Sixth century China: Paramārtha’s “Evolution of
Consciousness.” Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
6(Last updated: July 15, 2021)
65. Pittman, Don Alvin. 2001. Toward a Modern Chinese Buddhism: Taixu’s Reforms. Honolulu:
University of Hawai‘i Press.
66. Poceski, Mario. 2007. Ordinary Mind as the Way: The Hongzhou School and the Growth of Chan
Buddhism. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
67. Powers, John. 2000. A Concise Encyclopedia of Buddhism, Oneworld, Oxford.
68. Powers, John. 2007. Introduction to Tibetan Buddhism, Revised Edition edition, Snow Lion.
69. Queen, Christopher S. 2000. Engaged Buddhism in the West. Boston, MA: Wisdom Publications.
70. Puri, Baij N. 1987. Buddhism in Central Asia. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.
71. Rahula, W. What the Buddha Taught. London: the Gorden Fraser Gallery Ltd, 1978.
72. Robson, James. 2009. Power of Place: The Religious Landscape of the Southern Sacred Peak (Nanyue)
in Medieval China. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center.
73. Robinson, R., Johnson. 1997. W. The Buddhist Religions, A historical introduction. New York:
Wadsworth Publishing Company.
74. Salomon, Richard. 2018. Buddhist Literature of Ancient Gandhara: An Introduction with Selected
Translations. Somerville, MA: Wisdom Publications.
75. Schlütter, Morten. 2008. How Zen Became Zen: The Dispute over Enlightenment and the Formation of
Chan Buddhism in Song-dynasty China. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press.
76. Schopen, Gregory. “The Mahāyāna and the Middle Period in Indian Buddhism through a Chinese Looking
Glass.” The Eastern Buddhist n.s. 32/2 (2000): 1–25. Also published in Figments & Fragments of
Mahāyāna Buddhism in India (pp. 3–24). Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press, 2004.
77. Schumann, H.W. 1989. The Historical Buddha. London: Arkana Penguin Books.
78. Seager, Richard Hughes. 2012. Buddhism in America, Revised and expanded edition (The Columbia
Contemporary American Religion Series), New York: Columbia University Press.
79. Sharf, Robert H. 2002. Coming to Terms with Chinese Buddhism: A Reading of the Treasure Store
Treatise. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press.
80. Siderits, Mark. Buddhism as Philosophy: An Introduction. Hackett Publishing Company, Inc.
81. Skilton, Andrew. 1997. A Concise History of Buddhism. 2nd Edition. Birmingham, England: Windhorse
Publications.
82. Stein, Aurel. 1921. Serindia: Detailed Report of Explorations in Central Asia and Westernmost China. 5
vols. Oxford: Clarendon.
83. Stone, Jacqueline I. 1999. Original Enlightenment and the Transformation of Medieval Japanese
Buddhism. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press.
84. Strong, John. 2001. The Buddha: a short biography, Oneworld Oxford.
85. Strong, John S. 1994. The Experience of Buddhism: Sources and Interpretations, Wadsworth Publishing
Company, Belmont.
86. Swanson, Paul L. 1989. Foundations of T’ien-t’ai Philosophy: The Flowering of the Two Truths Theory
in Chinese Buddhism. Berkeley, CA: Asian Humanities Press.
87. Swearer, Donald. 1995. The Buddhist World of Southeast Asia, 2nd edition. SUNY Press.
88. Thomas, F.W. Tibetan Literary Texts and Documents Concerning Chinese Turkestan. Part I, Literary
texts, London: The Royal Asiatic Society, 1935.
89. Thomas, F.W., & G.L.M. Clauson, “A Second Chinese Buddhist Text in Tibetan Characters,” JRAS,
1927, 281–306, 858–860.
90. Utz, David A. A Survey of Buddhist Sogdian Studies, Bibliographia Philologica Buddhica Series Minor
III. Tokyo: The Reiyūkai Library, 1978.
91. Walter, Mariko Namba. “Sogdians and Buddhism.” Sino-Platonic Papers 174, 2006. (http://www.sino-
platonic.org/complete/ spp174_sogdian_buddhism.pdf)
92. Walter, Mariko Namba. “Tokharian Buddhism in Kucha: Buddhism of Indo-European Centum Speakers
in Chinese Turkestan before the 10th Century ce.” Sino-Platonic Papers 85, 1998.
93. Warder, A. K. 2000. Indian Buddhism, 1970, 2nd edn 1980, 3rd edn, all by Motilal Banarsidass in Delhi.
94. Waterhouse, Helen. 2004. ‘Buddhism in Britain: A Brief History’. In: Harris, Elizabeth J. and Kauth,
Ramona eds. Meeting Buddhists. Leicester: Christians Aware, pp. 53–66.
95. Weinstein, Stanley. 1987. Buddhism Under the Tang. Cambridge, NY: Cambridge University Press.
96. Whitfield, Susan (1999). Life along the Silk Road, London: John Murray.
97. Williams, Paul. 2008. Mahayana Buddhism: The Doctrinal Foundations. 2nd ed., London and New York:
7(Last updated: July 15, 2021)
Routledge & Kegan Paul.
98. Wu, Jiang. 2008. Enlightenment in Dispute: The Reinvention of Chan Buddhism in Seventeenth century
China. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
99. Yancy, George. ed. 2019. Buddhism and Whiteness: Critical Reflections. Lexington Books.
100. Yifa. 2002. The Origins of Buddhist Monastic Codes in China: An Annotated Translation and Study of
the Chanyuan Qinggui. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press.
101. Yü, Chün-fang. 2001. Kuan-yin: The Chinese Transformation of Avalokiteśvara. New York: Columbia
University Press.
102. Zürcher, Erik. 2007. The Buddhist Conquest of China:The Spread and Adaptation of Buddhism in Early
Medieval China. (first published in 1959, then 1972.). Leiden: E. J. Brill, Third ed.
Online Sources:
1. Encyclopedia of Buddhism. Robert E. Buswell, Jr., Ed. 2 vols. New York: Macmillan Reference USA,
2003. It contains articles on almost every aspect of Buddhism, written by scholars of Buddhist Studies.
Online access through HKU Electronic Recourses.
2. Encyclopedia of Religion. Lindsay Jones, Ed. 2nd edition. 15 vols. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA,
2005. Online access through HKU Electronic Recourses.
3. Digital Dictionary of Buddhism. Charles Muller (Tokyo Gakuen University), ed. It is not a product of
critical scholarship but can serve the purposes of general use. Type "guest" (case-sensitive, no quotes) in
the “name” area, leaving the password area blank. One can have 20 free search within 24 hours. Website
address: http://www.buddhism-dict.net/ddb/
4. A Dictionary of Buddhism. Damien Keown, ed. Online access through HKU Electronic Recourses.
5. Access to insight. This website provides only the scriptures and their English translation of the Pali Canon.
Website address: www.accesstoinsight.org/
6. Journal of Buddhist Ethics. Free access. Web address: http://www.jbe.gold.ac.uk/
7. Taisho Edition of the Chinese Tripitaka. Buddhist canon in classical Chinese shared by Buddhists in
China, Korea, Japan and Vietnam. Address: http://www.cbeta.org/index.htm.
8. Buddhist Digital Library and Museum. Free access to scholarly resources on Buddhist Studies, some full
texts in both Chinese and English are downloadable. Website address:
http://buddhism.lib.ntu.edu.tw/BDLM/
9. Buddhasasana. Some useful published articles of Buddhist Studies. Website address is:
http://www.saigon.com/~anson/ebud/ebidx.htm
10. The Internet Sacred Text Archive. Provides a collection of outdated published scriptures of almost all
major religions in the world. The Sacred Books of the East Series, which includes a selection of Buddhist
texts, can be found at http://www.sacred-texts.com/index.htm
11. Mahayana Buddhist Sutras in English. Providing access to English translation of some popular Chinese
Mahayana texts. Website address: http://www4.bayarea.net/~mtlee/
8You can also read
