Audiovisual translation and the future of the discipline - Prof. Jorge Díaz-Cintas
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Audiovisual translation
and the future of the discipline
Prof. Jorge Díaz-Cintas
j.diaz-cintas@ucl.ac.uk
Audiovisual Translation
Multimodal communication
Audio
Visual
Sound
Music
Images
Language
Audiovisual Translation Modes
Interpreting
Dubbing
Voiceover
Narration
Subtitling
Surtitling
Accessibility
Sign Language Interpreting
Subtitling for the deaf and the hard-of-hearing
Interlingual & intralingual
Re-speaking
Audio description for the blind and the partially sighted
Audio subtitling
Communication Industry Legislation Technology Cyberspace Academic world
Communication
Some stats User generated video (YouTube statistics, 2018): Almost 5 billion videos are watched only on Youtube every single day. The total number of hours of video watched on YouTube each month = 3.25 billion Great appetite for video content: 300 hours of video are uploaded to YouTube every minute! More video content is uploaded in 30 days than the major US TV networks have created in 30 years.
Audiovisualisation Cinema TV DVD > Blu-ray Internet HbbTV OTT Distributors/Exhibitors Broadcasters/Narrowcasters Publishers Streaming / VoD providers Analogue digital More translation (dub + sub); more genres; more channels... Easier manipulation of material Remediation
Comoditisation
Industry
AVT industry
Global reach
Growth expectation at 8%-10% annually
http://trulyfreefilm.hopeforfilm.com/2013/12/subtitles-increase-traffic-conversion-rates-make-em.htmlhttps://slator.com/features/audiovisual-translation-hits-sweet-spot-subscription-video-on-demand-skyrockets
Standard subtitling Form Two lines 37 to 42 characters per line Time constrained Bottom of the screen Non intrusive font type Limited use of stylistic devices One colour Content Reduction Translator’s notes Dialects, oral features Swearwords
English as a pivot language
Inglourious Basterds (Tarantino and Roth, 2009)
English, French, German and Italian
Brazilian & Portuguese films into Italian
The Killing into ItalianPressure on industry
Piracy – Immediacy
Sim-ship (simultaneous shipping) – simulcast
Work in the company’s premises
Cloud-based platforms
Binge watching
www.20minutes.fr/article/1292942/ynews1292942?xtor=RSS-176 http://variety.com/2016/digital/news/netflix-chelsea-encoding-ui-translation-
1201776469/
20 languages in 12/14 hours
3 times a week / 9 monthsLegislation
Legislation 2003 National level Ofcom, FCC, CESyA… European level 2007 Article 7, Directive 2010/13/EU Audiovisual Media Services Directive
www.cable.co.uk/news/digital-economy-bill-will-require-on-demand-programmes-to-include-subtitles-700001735/
www.mapaccess.org
2015
2015
2016Quantity vs Quality
www.nomorecraptions.com
#NoMoreCraptions
Quality
Ofcom
Live subtitling – NER Model
Interlingual, pre-prepared subtitling – FAR ModelTechnology
Commercial programs
Freeware
Freelance
EddiePlus
Global Titling SystemIn the cloud http://ooona.net
Technical aspects Sound and shot cut detection Automatic spotting Automatic speech recognition (ASR) Speech to text Respeaking, live subtitling Text to speech Audio subtitling
Missing Spell checker Search function in the software interface? Thesaurus? Translation memory? Glossary?
Auto-captioning
2008 Development of a caption feature.
November 2009 Release of auto-captioning for a small, select group of
partners, to automatically generate video captions. The video owner can also
download the auto-generated captions, improve them, and upload the new
version. Viewers can even choose an option to translate those captions into
any one of 50 different languages.
4 March 2010 Opening up of auto-captions to all YouTube users:
http://youtube-global.blogspot.com/2010/03/future-will-be-captioned-improving.htmlGoogle Translate 1/3 www.mattcutts.com/blog/youtube-subtitle-captions
Google Translate 2/3 www.mattcutts.com/blog/youtube-subtitle-captions
Google Translate 3/3 www.mattcutts.com/blog/youtube-subtitle-captions
Automation
2011-14
2012-143D
Virtual reality
Augmented reality
Immersive environments
AICyberspace
Popularise certain audiovisual genres
Altruistic
Activism
Experience. Empower. Engage.
We're part of a global generation - without borders - connected to issues that
impact your life, our world. We highlight human struggles and achievements,
empower impassioned voices and challenge the status quo. We bring you the
stories that are shaping our world.
www.ajplus.net/english
We are individuals who have come together freely and voluntarily. Each of us has
decided, after the concentrations on Sunday, 15 May (2011), that we are
determined to continue fighting for dignity and political and social
awareness. We do not represent any political party or association. We are joined
by the singular cause of change.
https://spanishrevolution.wordpress.com
Nous ne représentons aucun parti politique et aucune religion. Nous ne
gagnons pas d'argent donc nous couvrons les intérêts de personne en
particulier. Notre seul but, c'est de vous fournir une information simple,
rapide, vérifiée et verifiable. Votre rôle est aussi très important au
développement de notre site car vous pouvez intervenir aux articles pour les
https://jaiundoute.com démentir ou les compléter.Fakesubs (Ironic)
Academic world
Academic world
More
Modules, courses: face-to-face, online, blended…
Publications
Research projects
Conferences and events
Affinity with other disciplines
Foreign Language Learning
Film, Deaf, Blind, Cultural Studies…
Psychology, Neurosciences…
Research paradigms
Comparative linguistics
DTS, Actor Network Theory, Action Research
Cognitive: product + processFuture (?)
How to deal with the volume of content to be localised More AVT, particularly subtitling More genres / programmes Accessibility Translation of live events Automation & memory tools post-editing More reception studies New quality standards (?) Immersive experiences 3D, virtual reality (VR), augmented reality More creativity (?)
Suured tänud! www.tolk.su.se/english/ media-for-all-8
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