APA MAGAZINE - 2021 APA Elections - THE MAGAZINE FOR THE POLYGRAPH PROFESSIONAL - American Polygraph Association
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APA MAGAZINE THE MAGAZINE FOR THE POLYGRAPH PROFESSIONAL JAN • FEB Vol. 54.1 2021 APA Elections
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CONTENTS
MEMBERSHIP NEWS
1 in memoriam
Gabriel Goldstein
2 2020 president’s award recipient (posthumous)
Mr. George Baranowski
3 APA awards
Description and Nomination Form
5 apa social media accounts
6 2021 apa elections
TRAINING AND SEMINARS
8 55TH ANUAL SEMINAR/WORKSHOP
17 APA Accredited Programs
FROM THE BOARD
22 President´s message
Sabino Martinez, President
25 Board of Directors’ Reports
REGULAR FEATURES
34 five minute science lesson: science, pseudoscience,
science-fiction, science-theater and apologetics
Raymond Nelson
39 pcsot for thought
Erika Thiel
43 Chart Scoring Practice
Donald J. Krapohl
48 Practical Polygraph: Three Simple Habits for More Effective
Interviewing
Raymond Nelson
New Contact Email The APA National Office
If you need to contact the APA National Office,
please use manager@apapolygraph.org
CONTRIBUTORS TO THIS ISSUE The APA Magazine is published by the Ameri-
can Polygraph Association. The information,
Donnie Dutton content, and opinions provided and expressed
Mike Gougler in this magazine are those of the authors, and
do not necessarily reflect the opinion or policy
Mark Handler
of the APA or its leadership. To the extent such
Donald J. Krapohl information, content and opinions address legal
Sabino Martinez issues they are not intended to constitute legal
advice. Rather, all information, content, and opin-
Jamie McCloughan
ions provided and expressed in this magazine are
Chip Morgan for general informational purposes only. Refer-
Raymond Nelson ences in this magazine to any specific commer-
cial pro-ducts, process, or service by trade name,
Roy Ortiz
trademark, manufacturer or otherwise, does not
Pam Shaw necessarily constitute or imply endorsement,
Darryl Starks recommendation, or favoring by the APA or its
leadership.
Erika Thiel
Appearance of advertisements in this magazine
does not constitute or imply endorsement, rec-
ommendation or favoring by the APA and the
APA makes no warranty, express or implied, re-
garding the accuracy, completeness, or useful-
ness of any information, product, process or ser-
vice made a subject of such advertisement.
Advertising and Editorial address is
editor@polygraph.org
Subscription address is: APA, P.O. Box 8037,
Chattanooga, TN 37414- 0037.
The APA Magazine is published six times per
year and is available in electronic format only.
Address and e-mail changes/updates should be
sent to: APA, P.O. Box 8037,
Chattanooga, TN 37414-0037,
or manager@apapolygraph.org
DEADLINES E-mail notification is sent to subscribers when
Deadline for March/April the latest publication is available.
issue: The APA webmaster is not responsible
March 31, 2021 for issues not received because of improper
address information. Submission of
polygraph related articles should be sent to:
Mark Handler, editor@polygraph.org
APA BOARD OF DIRECTORS
2020-2021
President Director 8
Sabino Martinez Walt Goodson
president@polygraph.org directorgoodson@polygraph.org
President - Elect Ex Officio Members
Roy Ortiz
president-elect@polygraph.org National Office Manager
Lisa Jacocks
Chairman of the Board Phone: 800-APA-8037 (423) 892-3992
Darryl Starks P.O. Box 8037 Chattanooga,
chair@polygraph.org TN 37414-0037
manager@apapolygraph.org
Director 1
Pamela Shaw Treasurer
directorshaw@polygraph.org Chad Russell
treasurer@polygraph.org
Director 2
Raymond Nelson General Counsel
directornelson@polygraph.org Gordon L. Vaughan
111 S. Tejon St., Suite 545
Director 3 Colorado Springs, CO 80903-2245
James McCloughan generalcounsel@polygraph.org
directormccloughan@polygraph.org
Seminar Chair
Director 4 Michael Gougler
Chip Morgan seminarchair@polygraph.org
directormorgan@polygraph.org
Education Accreditation Committee
Director 5 (EAC) Manager
Erika Thiel Barry Cushman
directorthiel@polygraph.org eacmanager@polygraph.org
Director 6 Editor-in-Chief
Donnie Dutton Mark Handler
directordutton@polygraph.org editor@polygraph.org
Director 7 Managing Editor
Lisa Ribacoff Nayeli Hernandez
directorribacoff@polygraph.org polygraph.managing.editor@gmail.com
APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1) 7
MEMBERSHIP NEWS
IN MEMORIAM
Gabriel Goldstein passed sultant for the Domini-
away on January 3, can Republic National
2021 after battling can- Prosecutor’s Office and
cer. He was an Associ- National Police on top-
ate Member of the APA ics regarding Code of
since January 10, 2002. Criminal Procedure and
He graduated from the Intelligence and Investi-
Arizona School of Poly- Gabriel Goldstein gations.
graph in April 5, 2001.
He practiced polygraph
His career started in
in the Dominican Republic and other
Israel Navy where he participated in im-
countries. In addition to being part of the
portant combat missions against marine
American Polygraph Association, he was
terrorism. He later joined Israel Federal
also a member of the International Asso-
ciation of Polygraph Professionals and Police where he furthered his career in
Latin-American Association of Polygraph Intelligence and Investigations. He was
Examiners. part of the Israel Federal Police until his
retirement. In 1996, he moved to Domini-
He was an advisor in corporate and per- can Republic as security advisor for Shaf-
sonal security, expert in loss prevention ran Ltd. where he was a leader in security
and risk mitigation, with specialization in strategies for large companies across
prevention and mitigation of kidnapping. multiple industries like finance, tourism,
He also served as an instructor and con- manufacturing and government.
APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1) 1
MEMBERSHIP NEWS
2020 American Polygraph Association
President’s Award Recipient (Posthumous)
Mr. George Baranowski
As the 2019-2020 proached board re-
President of the lated business with
American Polygraph an open mind and
Association, it was was helpful to newly
my honor to select elected board mem-
(posthumously), bers. On a personal
former APA Board note, George was al-
Member George Ba- ways kind and help-
ranowski, as the re- ful to me as a new
cipient of the 2020 board member in
President’s Award. learning to navigate
the many aspects
For many years, and responsibilities
George served the of serving on the
American Polygraph board.
Association and the
polygraph profes- George’s presence,
sion with honor and warm smile and end-
dignity. As Co-Chair- less supply of jokes
man of the PCSOT are greatly missed
Committee, George was instrumental in on the board and I could not think of a
shaping policy that has been instrumen- better final tribute to his legacy, than to
tal in advancing standards in the PCSOT choose him for the President’s award.
community. He was a frequent presenter
at APA and other association seminars Respectfully,
on numerous polygraph related topics to Darryl Starks
include PCSOT and operating a private 2019-2020 APA President
polygraph business. George always ap-
Editor’s Note: Chairman Starks and President-Elect Ortiz noted we had omitted the 2019-2020 President’s
Award when we published the awards list in the magazine. I wanted to share a picture of one of the last times I
was with George and Paula in Orlando, Florida. We surely miss him.
2 APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1)MEMBERSHIP NEWS
APA Awards Description
1. Al & Dorothea Clinchard Award: Honoring extended, distinguished, devoted and
unselfish service on behalf of the APA membership.
2. Cleve Backster Award: Honoring an individual or group that advances the poly-
graph profession through tireless dedication to standardization of polygraph prin-
ciples and practices.
3. William L. and Robbie S. Bennett Memorial Award: Honoring unrelenting efforts
and display of ability in the interest of the American Polygraph Association
4. David L. Motsinger Horizon Award: In recognition of a new shining star in the
profession or association who early in their career demonstrates loyalty, profes-
sionalism and dedication to the polygraph profession (less than 10 years)
5. John E. Reid Award: For distinguished achievements in polygraph research,
teaching or writing.
6. Leonarde Keeler Award: For long and distinguished service to the Polygraph
Profession.
APA Nomination Form
To nominate a deserving member, please download the form here:
ENGLISH Version
SPANISH Version
1) Please download the form.
2) Fill out all required field on the form and save the form.
Due Date: The due date for award nominations this year is June 1, 2021.
Please complete and submit the nomination form to the National Office at this email address :
award_nominations@apapolygraph.org.
*Please note that forms submitted to any other email will not be considered.
APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1) 3ll Ins mer llmer Ins
MEMBERSHIP
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4 APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1)MEMBERSHIP NEWS
ConneCt
with us!
APA Social Media Accounts
AS OF JANUARY 25/2021
Facebook:
American Polygraph Association
facebook.com/www.polygraph.org
Current Followers: 1,566
Instagram:
@American_Polygraph_Association
Current Followers: 412
Twitter:
@APA_Polygraph
Current Followers:179
APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1) 52021 APA Elections
Submit your nominations
by March 1, 2021
6 APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1)MEMBERSHIP NEWS
APA Elections Dates
March 1:
Period to submit nominations and self-nominations in writing to the National
Office. Nominations must include a cover letter specifying for which office the
candidate is vying.
March 26:
Last day to submit a candidate statement up to 500 words for the APA
Magazine and the APA website (editor@polygraph.org)
March 28 – April 2:
Validation of candidates’ eligibility to hold APA office.
April 26:
Candidacy letters published on the APA website and in the APA Magazine.
May 29:
Email notification of elections (Ensure your email address is current on the APA
website; www.polygraph.org).
May 30 – June 5:
Electronic elections.
June 7:
Posting of results on the APA website.
June 20 - 26:
Runoff elections, if necessary.
June 28:
Notification to winners. Posting of final election results.
September 2:
Officers sworn in at the APA Annual Banquet.
APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1) 7TRAINING AND SEMINARS
55TH ANNUAL APA SEMINAR/WORKSHOP
PALMER HOUSE HILTON
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS
SUNDAY, AUGUST 29, 2021
CLASSROOM A
1:00 - 3:00 PM 3:00 - 5:00 PM
Ethics Polygraph and the Media
Roy Ortiz Lisa Ribacoff
APA President-Elect APA Director
SCHOOL DIRECTOR'S MEETING
1:00 - 3:00 PM
ROOM TBD
APA WELCOME RECEPTION
6:30 - 8:30 PM
8 APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1)TRAINING AND SEMINARS
MONDAY, AUGUST 30, 2021
7:30 - 8:00 AM Break Sponsored by:
CLASSROOM A
(disponible en Espanol)
Call to Order Michael C. Gougler, APA Seminar Chair 2021
Presentation of Colors Chicago PD
Pipe and Drum Corp Chicago PD
The National Anthem Chicago PD
Pledge of Allegiance Sabino Martinez, APA President
Invocation Barry Cushman, APA EAC Manager
Memorium Barry Cushman, APA EAC Manager
Taps Raymond Nelson, APA Director
APA Awards for 2020 Roy Ortiz - APA President-Elect
Welcome to New Orleans Sabino Martinez - President
Seminar Program Chair Michael C. Gougler,APA Seminar Chair 2021
9:15 - 9:30 AM Break Sponsored by:
9:30 AM - 12:00 Noon
Current Update on Algorithms
Pam Shaw - APA Director
Mark Handler - APA Editor
12:00 NOON - 1:00 PM Lunch on your own
1:00 - 5:00 PM
Panel Discussion
Walt Goodson - Moderator
APA Director
2:45 - 3:00 PM Break Sponsored by:
(Cont'd)
Panel Discussion
Walt Goodson - Moderator
APA Director
APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1) 9TRAINING AND SEMINARS
TUESDAY, AUGUST 31, 2021
7:30 - 8:00 AM Break Sponsored By:
CLASSROOM A CLASSROOM B
(disponible en Espanol)
8:00 - 10:00 AM 8:00 - 10:00 AM
Test question construction PCSOT Model Policy
Don Krapohl Erika Thiel
APA Past President APA Director
9:45 - 10:00 AM Break Sponsored By:
10:00 AM - 12:00 NOON
APA ANNUAL BUSINESS MEETING
CLASSROOM A
12:00 NOON - 1:00 PM Lunch on your own
1:00 PM - 5:00 PM 8:00 - 10:00 AM
Preparing to Testify: Criminal, Research Forum
Civil, and Administrative Walt Goodson - Moderator
Tom Coffey APA Director
Doreen Velasquez
2:45 - 3:00 PM Break Sponsored By:
(Cont'd) (Cont'd)
Preparing to Testify: Criminal, Research Forum
Civil, and Administrative Walt Goodson - Moderator
Tom Coffey APA Director
Doreen Velasquez
10 APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1)TRAINING AND SEMINARS
WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 1, 2021
7:30 - 8:00 AM Break Sponsored By:
CLASSROOM A CLASSROOM B
(disponible en Espanol)
8:00 - 10:00 AM 8:00 - 12:00 NOON
Revisiting Salience and Scientific Testing Principles
“Psychological Set” Made Easy: What Practitioners
Michael Gougler Should Know
APA Past President Barry Cushman
Mark Handler, APA Editor APA Past President
9:45 - 10:00 AM Break Sponsored By:
10:00 - 12:00 NOON (Cont'd)
ESS-M for the Field Examiner Scientific Testing Principles
Level I and II Made Easy: What Practitioners
Raymond Nelson Should Know
APA Director Barry Cushman
APA Past President
12:00 Noon - 1:00 PM Lunch On Your Own
1:00 - 5:00 PM 1:00 - 5:00 PM
A Review of Honts. et al.
Comprehensive Meta-Analysis
on the Comparison Question Technique
Mark Handler
APA Editor
(Cont'd)
A Review of Honts. et al.
Comprehensive Meta-Analysis
on the Comparison Question Technique
Mark Handler
APA Editor
APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1) 11TRAINING AND SEMINARS
THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 2, 2021
7:30 - 8:00 AM Break Sponsored By:
CLASSROOM A CLASSROOM B
(disponible en Espanol)
8:00 - 12:00 NOON 8:00 - 10:00 AM
False Allegations of Child Sexual Legal Update
Abuse and False Confessions: An Gordon Vaughan
Analysis of Counterintuitive Behaviors
Dr. Aaron Pierce APA General Counsel
Governor-appointed Chair
Texas Counsil on Sex
Offender Treatment
(Cont'd) 10:00 AM - 12:00 NOON
False Allegations of Child Sexual Practical Polygraph Issues
Abuse and False Confessions: An
Analysis of Counterintuitive Beha- Raymond Nelson
viors APA Director
Dr. Aaron Pierce
Governor-appointed Chair
Texas Counsil on Sex
Offender Treatment
9:45 - 10:00 AM Break Sponsored By:
12:00 Noon - 1:00 PM Lunch On Your Own
1:00 - 5:00 PM 1:00 - 5:00 PM
Computer Scoring for How to Have a Trauma Informed
the Field Examiner Approach as a Polygraph Examiner
Tom Coffey, Chicago PD Erika Thiel
APA Director
(Cont'd)
How to Have a Trauma Informed
Approach as a Polygraph Examiner
Erika Thiel
APA Director
APA ANNUAL BANQUET AND AWARDS
6:00 - 6:30 PM COCKTAILS
6:30 PM DINNER
12 APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1)TRAINING AND SEMINARS
FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 3, 2021
7:30 - 8:00 AM Break Sponsored By:
CLASSROOM A CLASSROOM B
(disponible en Espanol)
8:00 - 3:00 8:00 - 10:00 AM
Family Man to Family Annihilator:
Chris Watts Case Study
Graham Coder, FBI SA
Tammy Lee, CBI Agent
9:45 - 10:00 AM Break Sponsored By:
(Cont'd)
Family Man to Family Annihilator:
Chris Watts Case Study
Graham Coder, FBI SA
Tammy Lee, CBI Agent
12:00 Noon - 1:00 PM Lunch On Your Own
(Cont'd) 1:00 - 3:00 PM
Family Man to Family Annihilator:
Chris Watts Case Study
Graham Coder, FBI SA
Tammy Lee, CBI Agent
3:00 PM
CLOSING REMARKS
ROY ORTIZ
APA PRESIDENT
APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1) 13TRAINING AND SEMINARS
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14 APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1)TRAINING AND SEMINARS APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1) 15
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16 APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1)TRAINING AND SEMINARS
AMERICAN POLYGRAPH ASSOCIATION
APA Accredited Programs
As of 02-01-2020
For an up to date list please visit:
https://www.apapolygraph.org/home
AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE CANADIAN POLICE COLLEGE POLYGRAPH
OF POLYGRAPH SCHOOL*
Director: Shaun Smith
Director: Charles E. Slupski
Address : 1 Sandridge Dr.
Address : 619 Highway 138 W Suite C
Ottawa, Ontario K1G 3J2
Stockbridge, GA 30281
Country: Canada
Country: USA Phone: 613-990-5025
Phone: 770-960-1377 Email: CPCregistrar.CFC_NCR.CFC_HQ@
Email: aiipolygraph@aiipolygraph.comcast- rcmp-grc.gc.ca
biz.net Website: www.cpc-ccp.gc.ca/en/pec
Website: www.polygraphschool.com/
CENTRO DE INVESTIGACION FORENSE
BACKSTER SCHOOL OF LIE DETECTION Y CONTROL DE CONFIANZA S.C.
Director: Allan Schierer Director: Jaime Raul Duran Valle
Address : 2263 Princess Street Address : Rodriguez Saro #523, Int. 501-A
Kingston, ON, K7M 3G1 Col. Del Valle
Del. Benito Juarez Mexico, D.F.
Country: Canada
C.P. 03100
Phone: 613-507-4660 Country: Mexico
Email: aschierer@limestonetech.com Phone: 011-52-55-2455-4624
Website: Backster.net Email: informacion@el-poligrafo.com
Website: el-poligrafo.com
BEHAVIORAL MEASURES POLYGRAPH
TRAINING CENTRE, UK
ESCUELA DE INTELIGENCIA Y CONTRA-
Director: Don Krapohl INTELIGENCIA:
Address : Behavioural Measures UK c/o Paul
Director: Lt. María Camila Jiménez Bayona
Connon Suite 24, Arms Evertyne
Address: Carrera 8A No. 101 - 33
House Quay Road Blyth Bogota
Northumberland England NE24 2AS Country: Colombia
Country: United Kingdom Phone: --
Phone: 803-463-10-96 Email: no email
Email: donkrapohl@C3Acorp.com Website: www.esici.edu.co/
Website: no website
*Admission is limited to government or law enforcement students only.
APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1) 17TRAINING AND SEMINARS
ESCUELA NACIONAL DE POLIGRAFIA INTERNATIONAL ACADEMY OF
POLYGRAPH:
Director: Raymond I. Nelson
Address : Barrio Guadalupe, Edificio Hermitage Director: Michele Hoff
Tegucigalpa, Francisco Morazon 11101 Address: 1835 S Perimeter Rd Ste 125
Country: Honduras Fort Lauderdale, FL 33309
Phone: Country: USA
Email: Raymond.nelson@gmail.com Phone: 954-771-6900
Website: no website Email: dci@deception.com
Website: www.deception.com/polygraph_
school.html
ESCUELA NACIONAL DE POLIGRAFIA, INTERNATIONAL POLYGRAPH STUDIES
NATIONAL POLYGRAPH SCHOOL* CENTER
Director: Ana Silvia Von Schmelling Director: Raymond I. Nelson
Address: Calle Cuauhtemoc # 168 Address: Insurgentes Sur # 1877, Piso 2,
Colonia Tisapan de San Angel, Oficina 204, Col. Guadalupe Inn
Mexico City, 01059 Del. Alvaro Obregón
Country: Mexico Mexico D.F. 06700
Phone: 011-52-555-616-6273 Country: Mexico
Email: lg151@balankan.net Phone: (55) 5533 7349
Website: no website Email: iptc@poligrafia.com.mx
Website: www.poligrafia.com.mx
GAZIT INTERNATIONAL POLYGRAPH KOREAN SUPREME PROSECUTORS
SCHOOL: OFFICE POLYGRAPH ACADEMY*
Director: Mordechai Gazit Director: Cheol Bang
Address: 29 Hamered Street Industry Address: 105 NDFC Supreme Prosecutor’s
Building Office, 157 Banpodaero, Seochogu
Tel Aviv Seoul, 06590
Country: Israel Country: S. Korea
Phone: 972 3 575 2488 Phone: 082-2-3480-2144
Email: office@gazit-poly.co.il Email: roomiron@gmail.com
Website: http://www.polygraph-school.com/ Website: no website
en
*Admission is limited to government or law enforcement students only.
18 APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1)TRAINING AND SEMINARS
LATINAMERICAN POLYGRAPH INSTITUTE MINDEF CENTRE FOR CREDIBILITY
Director: Manuel Novoa ASSESSMENT*:
Address: Carrera 46 # 93-70 Director: Terence Leow
Bogota Address: Block 13, Mandai Camp 2
Country: Colombia Mandai Road
Phone: 57-12369630 Country: Singapore
Email: Dirgeneral@latinpolygraph.com Email: MINDEF_CCA_SCHOOL@defence.
Website: www.latinamericanpolygraph.com gov.sg
Website: www.mindef.gov.sg/
MARSTON POLYGRAPH ACADEMY:
NATIONAL CENTER FOR CREDIBILITY
Director: Gary Davis ASSESSMENT*:
Address: 390 Orange Show Lane Director: Zach Vaughn; Ron Kiefer; Stephanie
San Bernardino, CA 92408 Liles
Country: USA Address: 7540 Pickens Avenue
Phone: 909-554-3883 Fort Jackson, SC 29207-5000
Email: info@marstonpolygraph.com Country: USA
Website: www.marstonpolygraph.com Email: NCCARegistrar@dodiis.mil
Website: www.ncca.mil
MARYLAND INSTITUTE OF CRIMINAL
JUSTICE: NATIONAL POLYGRAPH ACADEMY
Director: Billy H. Thompson
Director: Pam Shaw
Address: 8424 Veterans Hwy Ste 3
Address: 1890 Star Shoot Parkway,
Millersville MD 21108-0458
Ste. 170-366 Lexington,KY 40509
Country: USA
Phone: Country: USA
410-987-6665
Email: Phone: 859-494-7429
MDMICJ@aol.com
Website: www.micj.com Email: shaw.national@gmail.com
Website: www.nationalpolygraphacademy.
com
MICHIGAN STATE POLICE POLYGRAPH
PROGRAM*: NCTC POLYGRAPH INSTITUTE:
Director: Elmer Criswell
Director: Tiffany Franzosi-Watson
Address: c/o Dept. of Military & Veteran’s Af-
Address: 7320 North Canal Road
fairs Building 8-64 Fort Indiantown
Lansing, MI 48913
Gap Annville, PA17003-5002
Country: USA
Country: USA
Phone: -
Phone: 717-861-9306
Email: no email
Email: register@counterdrug.org
Website: no website
Website: www.counterdrug.org
*Admission is limited to government or law enforcement students only.
APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1) 19TRAINING AND SEMINARS
PEAK CREDIBILITY ASSESSMENT TUDOR ACADEMY
TRAINING CENTER
Director: Charles Speagle
Director: Benjamin Blalock Address: Cra. 66, No. 42-103
Address: 1490 NE Pine Island Rd. Unit 7B Medellin
Cape Coral, FL 33909 Country: Colombia
Country: USA Phone: (57) (4) 436-4178
Phone: 239-900-6800 Email: info@tudoracademy.com
Email: info@peakcatc.com Website: www.tudoracademy.com
Website: peakcatc.com/
VIRGINIA SCHOOL OF POLYGRAPH
SCHOOL OF INTELLIGENCE AND
COUNTERINTELLIGENCE (THE NATIONAL Director: Darryl DeBow
POLICE OF COLOMBIA)* Address: 7885 Coppermine Rd. Manassas
Virginia
Director: Lt. Col. Fernando Guzman Ramos
Country: USA
Address: TC Jorge Zenen Lopez guerrero
Phone: 703-396-7659
Transversal 33 No 47a-35 Sur
Email: polygraph11@comcast.net
Barrio Fatima
Website: http://virginiaschoolpolygraph.com
Country: Colombia
Phone: 57-3203023049 VOLLMER POLYGRAPH
Email: programaacademicopoligrafiapc@ Director: TBD
gmail.com Address: 22600 Savi Ranch Parkway A-13
Website: www.policia.gov.co Yorba Linda, CA, 92887
THE POLYGRAPH INSTITUTE Country: USA
Phone: (800) 295-6041
Director: J. Patrick O’Burke
Email: inquire@vollmerinstitute.com
Address: 8546 Broadway Suite 225
Website: www.vollmerinstitute.com
San Antonio, TX 78258
Country: USA
Phone: 210-377-0200
Email: info@thepolygraphinstitute.com
Website: thepolygraphinstitute.com
*Admission is limited to government or law enforcement students only.
20 APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1)APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1) 21
FROM THE BOARD
President´s Message
Sabino Martinez Jr., President
Greetings to all and I hope you find yourselves in good spirits.
As you know, we will be celebrating the 100th anniversary of polygraph in the United
States at the 55th Annual APA Seminar that is scheduled to be held August 29 through
September 3, 2021 in Chicago. The conference will be held at the historic Palmer House
Hotel.
Registration for the APA Seminar is now open. Because of the pandemic the Palmer
House is currently closed but is scheduled for reopening in March 2021. The Seminar
Committee is in close contact with both the hotel and our National Hilton Account
Manager. The hotel has, graciously, waived any penalties based on room use or food
and beverage spend so, organizationally, the APA is able to go forward with the seminar
with minimal financial risk.
Currently, the City of Chicago has limited space of 50 persons per gathering - which
does not accommodate the plans we have for our seminar attendees. We believe that
by the time of the seminar this limitation will not be in place or it will not be large
enough to hold the seminar. While we are keeping open a contingency plan to move the
seminar to another location if the hotel does not reopen or if Chicago maintains gather-
ing limits, we fully anticipate that the Seminar will go forward in Chicago
You are encouraged to register now for the Seminar, but we ask that each person make
a decision about personal health risks that might remain by the time of the Seminar.
22 APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1)FROM THE BOARD
The APA will refund any registration fees up until the time of the Seminar should you
choose not to attend. It is suggested, however, that you hold off on making airline reser-
vations – unless they are fully refundable – until we can provide more definite informa-
tion from the Palmer House and the City of Chicago regarding any potential limitations
to the size of the event.
We look forward to seeing as many of you as possible and we hope that we can accom-
modate all of those that wish to attend.
I ask that you keep informed as to our possible seminar changes and hope that you
stay safe and healthy. I also want to take this time to extend my condolences to John
Schwartz’s family, you are in my prayers. God bless you.
Les mando saludos a todos y espero que se encuentren bien y sobre todo de buen ánimo
Les informo que este año celebramos 100 años del inicio de la poligrafía en Estados
Unidos dentro de nuestro 55º seminario, que se tiene programado para llevarse a cabo
en la ciudad de Chicago de agosto 29 a septiembre 3 de 2021en el hotel Palmer House.
Por lo pronto la registración para el seminario se ha iniciado, sin embargo, por causa
de la pandemia el hotel en este momento se encuentra cerrado con planes de abrir en
marzo de 2021. Nuestro comité de seminarios estará en contacto diariamente con la
oficina Nacional de Hilton por si hay algún otro cambio. Afortunadamente el hotel nos
ha dado facilidades con respecto algunos servicios, como los cuartos, comida y refres-
cos, que permitirán evitar costos adicionales y poder llevar a cabo el seminario en sus
instalaciones.
No obstante, la ciudad de Chicago tiene un espacio limitado de 50 personas por re-
unión, situación que no se adapta al número de asistentes que año con año asisten
a nuestros seminarios, por lo que creemos que si la ciudad no cambia esta directriz
podría no celebrarse el seminario en dicho lugar. Ante esto mantenemos abierto un
plan de contingencia para trasladar el seminario a otro estado, pero por el momento
nuestros planes se mantienen sin cambio.
APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1) 23FROM THE BOARD Como último asunto a tratar, se les anima a dar inicio con su proceso de inscripción al seminario, no sin antes considerar los riesgos de salud y directrices estipuladas para viajar a otros países. La APA reembolsará cualquier cuota de inscripción hasta el mo- mento del Seminario si decide no asistir. Así mismo, se sugiere que se demoren un poco para reservar vuelos hasta estar seguros de viajar, ya que en ocasiones es más difícil conseguir reembolsos en las aerolíneas y que podamos proporcionar información más definitiva de la Palmer House Hotel y la ciudad de Chicago con respecto a cualquier posible limitación al tamaño del evento. Esperamos ver a la mayor parte de ustedes y que podamos acomodarlos si desean asistir. Les pido que se mantengan informados sobre nuestros posibles cambios en el semi- nario y espero que se mantengan seguros y saludables. ¡Hasta Pronto! 24 APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1)
FROM THE BOARD
Board of Directors’ Reports
Roy Ortiz forts of the National Office Manager Lisa
President Elect Jacocks and Assistant Jennifer Crawley,
they are both priceless.
Winter, soft numbers and hard numbers…
I realize that Lisa Ribacoff is the BOD’s
social media guru, but I will share a few
Internet ideas for you to consider. APA
members circle the globe and have similar
challenges that we may encounter. How
do we know if they have the solutions to
our problems, a different approach or use
First miracle of the day, sunrise at Palm computer hardware/ software we never
Springs, California. utilized? Easy, just share your issues and
ask for help. I recently joined “3” social
As I write this article there are “48” days media polygraph groups: American Poly-
until the end of winter (March 20). Every- graph Association, Southern Africa Poly-
one should be planning, there are “202” graph Federation and the Latin American
days (August 29) until the APA’s 55th An- group “Polygraph and Credibility evalua-
nual Seminar and Workshop in Chicago, tion”. You never know where in the world
Illinois. you may end up, to administer a poly-
graph exam. It is always a great strategy
Keeping with the “Winter and numbers” to know the “lay of the land”, ahead of
theme, the average iceberg has “90%” time.
of its mass below the waterline. This re-
minds me of all the dedicated volunteers
Despite COVID19 issues, the BOD contin-
(Above the waterline but remain hidden in
ues to serve the needs of the APA mem-
the shadows) that keep the APA working
bers. Stay healthy…family first….
and moving forward. “Thank you…. very
much”.
Happy Trails…
Hopefully, this bimonthly digital maga-
zine reaches you before the next Board
of Directors (BOD) meeting in “54” days
(March 26). Your ideas, concerns and
questions are of the utmost importance,
please email them to anyone on the BOD.
I should not forget to acknowledge the ef-
APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1) 25FROM THE BOARD
Darryl Starks Mike Gougler
Chairman Seminar Chair
Greetings, my fellow APA Members. I
APA 2021 Seminar Dates & Updates
hope this correspondence finds you and
55th Annual Seminar and Worshop
your loved ones doing well. I am pleased
to report that your Board Members con-
Fellow Professionals,
tinue working with their Committees and
making progress for the APA, in spite of
Plans are moving forward for the 55th An-
these difficult times.
nual APA Seminar to be held August 29
through September 3, 2021 in Chicago.
In the next few weeks, the board will meet
The conference will be held at the beauti-
for our regularly scheduled mid-year ful historic Palmer House Hilton Hotel.
meeting (travel restrictions permitting),
in preparation for our annual seminar The Palmer House Hilton is, currently,
later this summer in Chicago, IL. Regis- closed because of COVID restrictions on
tration for the 2021 Chicago Seminar is group sizes in Chicago (at the time of
now open, so please take full advantage this report limited to 50 people) and hotel
of this opportunity. room demand during the pandemic. How-
ever, the Seminar Committe has been
Thought COVID-19 continues to be an un- working with both the Palmer House Hil-
known factor in future planning, measures ton and our National Hilton Account rep-
are still underway for our annual seminar resentative and have been given strong
assurance that the Palmer House will be
award nominations and the 2021 APA
opening by April 2021 and that - by the
election cycle. Please be one the lookout
time of the Seminar in late August 2021 -
for future announcements, as your parti-
COVID restrictions should be significantly
cipation in each of these processes is vi- relaxed. Additionally, the Palmer House
tal to the success of our association. has implemented strict COVID cleaning
protocols that we will share as the semi-
Please remain safe and vigilant as we nar date approaches.
continue to navigate these challenging
times and I look forward to seeing you all The APA Seminar Committee and the
this summer in Chicago! Board of Directors will continue to follow
developments regarding COVID and will
Onward and Upward! continue to provide updates regarding
26 APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1)FROM THE BOARD
the seminar. At this time, however, the the number of headsets required. (No
expectation is that the APA will celebrate headset will be issued without payment.)
the 100th anniversary of polygraph in the
United States with the 55th Annual Semi- I would again like to thank all of our spon-
nar. sors for their support.
Despite the COVID issues, we are based See you in Chicago.
on the quality training classes being of-
fered, the cancellation of last year’s an-
nual seminar and the very favorable room Michael Gougler
rate anticipating a large turnout. Please Seminar Chair
register and make your reservations early,
as we expect to sell out our allotment of
rooms. Donnie Dutton
Director
We are exploring several opportunities
for scheduled events. We will have a mid-
WELCOME 2021. Boy do I hope this is
week event to a Chicago White Sox game. a year that the world gets back to some
We also anticipate having the Sunday re- form of normalcy. I can tell you that my
ception and Thursday banquet. life has certainly changed since March of
2020; wearing of a mask, staying 6 feet
A tentative schedule of classes will be apart, washing my hands until raw, trying
posted on the APA website in January or to stay home and not go out – whew,
February. The schedule will be finalized that has been hard. I am starting to see
at the APA winter board meeting. Please that some of the people I know are now
remember to nominate deserving indi- getting the vaccine and soon hope I too
viduals for the various APA awards as we will be among them. I know it’s a personal
will be announcing those at the seminar. choice to get vaccinated but I for one am
going to take the leap of faith and hope
We anticipate that interpretation services that it works.
will, again, be offered in Classroom A on
Monday through Friday for all classes. Since the swearing in of the new board I
For those wanting to take advantage of have been involved with Chip Morgan and
these services, the cost will be $100 per his committee looking into some form of a
person if you pay at the door. Those certificate for members or specific groups.
paying in advance before arriving at the I don’t feel it is my place to comment on
seminar will be charged $50. Please take this further but know that Chip is working
advantage of the discount by registering on wrapping up this committee and a
and paying early so we can better project report should be coming shortly.
APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1) 27FROM THE BOARD
The PCSOT committee headed by Erika someone who is contemplating becoming
Thiel has also been working on the new a polygraph examiner.
purposed model policy and I think that
too will be concluding soon. It seems that In closing I hope that all of you are safe
the committee has almost a consensus and hope you are making plans to be at
on the final product and then off to the our annual seminar this year in Chicago.
presses it should go. Again, since I am Mike Gougler has worked hard putting
on that committee I don’t feel I should together a program that will be sure
comment further and will let Erika report to provide anyone attending with new
on those results. information. We can only hope by then
the COVID pandemic has left this world.
One thing I hope all of you will do is
NOMINATE someone for an award. At this Stay safe, COVID free and I hope to see
moment in time, we have one nomination. you at the seminar
I know that with COVID it has slowed
everyone down on the who is doing what
Jamie McCloughan
around the polygraph community but
Director
please do some searching as there are
so many people deserving of an award
and now is an outstanding chance, if you I hope everyone is staying healthy and
nominate someone, then they will stand a happy. I will keep my report brief.
really good chance of getting that award.
Please visit https://www.Polygraph. As I mentioned in my last report, the Edu-
org and under the tab ‘About Us” you cation Accreditation Committee (EAC) is
will see the dropdown for “APA awards looking at new ways to streamline pro-
description/nomination form”. Please cesses and innovate education and train-
read the descriptions, select the one that ing. There have been adjustments made
most fits the person you are nominating to accommodate the inspection process
and press the submit button once you during the epidemic, due to travel restric-
have filled it out and you’re done. tions. That solution includes a virtual in-
spection done electronically via stream-
On another note, please do not forget ing video applications. The current so-
about the William J. Yankee Memorial lution is a temporary necessity in order
Scholarship. That information can be to ensure an education and training pro-
found again under https://wwe.polygraph. gram’s accreditation doesn’t lapse. The
org and at the top tab labeled “training”, virtual inspection will be followed by an
click on the dropdown and you will see onsite inspection at a later date. Howev-
the link to that page which will give clear er, if the EAC finds the virtual inspection
instructions on who and what is needed process to be robust and viable, it may be
to apply. This is a great opportunity for recommended as part of the process to
28 APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1)FROM THE BOARD
the Board of Directors in the future. It is in all American jurisprudence and one de-
still to early to determine the viability of manded by the courts in law enforcement
the process at this point. affidavits and testimony).
If you have any questions or suggestions I do not agree with a rigid, dogmatic ap-
on anything else APA or polygraph relat- proach to conduct pre-test interviews.
ed, please feel free to contact me. As al- Each person is different and must be ap-
ways, may those who are fighting for our proached in a unique way; one that they
freedom against threats, both foreign and understand. To do otherwise is to lose
domestic, be safe, and have Godspeed in a large portion of your audience (in this
their return to friends and loved ones. case, examinees). Furthermore, I do not
teach nor use a script-based approach.
Chip Morgan Having to read someone else’s script is
Director like teaching from someone’s else’s notes
or PowerPoints, if it’s not your own man-
May Every Test be Truthful ner of speaking, it will inevitably sound
stilted and unnatural. I give our students
As an APA Director, my job is to be your a checklist of things they should cover in
voice on the Board of Directors as we the pre-test; how they get there is up to
guide our organization and profession. them.
I have been gratified by the tremendous
outpouring of support I have received Polygraph is an interesting blend of art
from you, the members, so far during my and science. Science in the form of our
tenure. I continue to solicit your com- methodology and test data analysis pro-
ments, gripes, complaints, suggestions cedures. Art in the form of the pre and
and attaboys. Feel free to contact me at post test interviews associated with the
any time. polygraph process.
Many members have contacted me with In recent years, there has been far more
the complaint that polygraph instruction written emphasis on the methodology of
and articles increasingly emphasize tech- polygraph than on interviewing. Webster
nology over interpersonal communica- defines methodology as “a body of meth-
tion. In particular, some people do not like ods, rules, and postulates employed by a
a reliance on using written scripts during discipline: a particular procedure or set of
the pre-test interview. I understand that procedures.”
point of view and thought I would use this
director’s report to talk about communi- It is easier to train examiners on methods,
cation. Anything I say here is my personal rules, formats and test data analysis than
opinion, based upon my training and ex- it is to train them on becoming better in-
perience (one of the most used phrases terviewers. The biggest reason is this
APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1) 29FROM THE BOARD
aspect of our profession (methodology) In one particular case, I used the then
relies on rules. Rules are easy to train. popular comparison question “Between
The other aspect (interviewing) recogni- the ages of 15 and 30 - did you lie to
zes that every individual represents an un- someone who loved and trusted you?” as
known variable and no singular approach one of the 3 time-barred (exclusive) com-
will be effective on everyone. Effective in- parisons. In the post-test analysis, I saw
terviewing is much harder to train. where that comparison had elicited little
or no response in any of the administered
By far, the largest variable in polygraph tests. I questioned the examinee about
testing is the examinee. Every person the comparison.
that comes in your door is a combination
of different values, experiences, intellect, The examinee was a man of about 40
biases and beliefs. No one approach will years who said “I grew up in foster homes,
be effective in establishing enough of a I never knew my parents. I bounced from
“working rapport” to permit good commu- foster home to foster home. I commit-
nication between the examiner and exam- ted various crimes and was eventually
inee. We may need a different approach charged and sent to prison on my 19th
for every examinee. birthday. I was sitting here thinking that
I don’t believe anyone has ever loved and
The examiner must be flexible and adapt- trusted me. That question didn’t mean
able during interviews. Use all the tools anything to me.”
in your tool belt if necessary to commu-
nicate. Without proper communication, I had been guilty of projection. Projec-
there is no way to know if your polygraph tion is the attribution of one’s own ideas,
test questions – relevant and compari- feelings, or attitudes to other people or to
son – mean anything to the examinee. objects. In short, I believed that everyone
As we know, if the questions have no im- had someone who had loved or trusted
portance (salience) to the examinee, we them.
cannot expect an adequate physiological
response. Since that experience, I have spent far
more time in pre-test interviews and have
Let me provide an example: when I was made it a point to attempt to know exam-
a young examiner, the polygraph profes- inees’ beliefs, experiences and attitudes.
sion used primarily probable lie “controls” It has paid off enormously in obtaining
(later the term changed to comparisons) pre-test information, admissions and
in specific issue testing. I was taught by confessions. That is why my own per-
Cleve Backster to interview examinees sonal belief is that fully automated verac-
about the “control” questions following ity assessment systems will never be as
the test, to ensure that they had been ef- effective as the examiner-examinee rela-
fective or “worked as designed.” tionship in polygraph. In fully automated
30 APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1)FROM THE BOARD
approaches, no pre-test interview is con- I believe he is correct, examinees show up
ducted; hence no information is obtained. at our offices with a story to tell; things
There is also no opportunity for an exam- they are worried about. We get that story
inee to get relief from troublesome pre- from them, give them an opportunity to
test information. “unload that baggage” and then they tend
to test NDI/NSR.
In a more recent example, I was talking
with a man who had just been released I always tell new students “Ted Bundy
from prison after spending 10 years incar- could have “passed” a polygraph. He just
cerated. I was trying to lay the foundation needed to tell the examiner about the 30
with him to use directed lie comparisons. murders he committed during the pre-test
I asked him “Have you ever done anything interview.”
you regret?” to which he replied “No.”
The better we do our jobs, the more truth-
Now, this guy had just spent 10 years in ful (NDI/NSR) charts we should collect.
prison and he didn’t regret committing My personal (as yet unattainable) goal is
to collect all NDI/NSR charts. That would
the act (Rape) that cost him a third of his
mean I have done a perfect pre-test inter-
life!
view!
My point is that the people we deal with
I will always emphasize interviewing over
in polygraph frequently have thinking er-
technology in the polygraph process. Af-
rors. A Psychiatrist I work with stated “It
ter all, that is the primary reason we poly-
wasn’t their good thinking that got them graph people, to find out information to
here in the first place.” As a result, using aid in our decision making.
“canned” comparison questions (asking
everyone the same thing) is certainly not May all your tests be truthful,
the approach I advocate.
Chip Morgan
Recently, the clinical director of a very DirectorMorgan@polygraph.org
large treatment group stated “I have ob- lieguy@gmail.com
served that the polygraph examiners we
use are very different. The examiners that
“fail” everyone don’t tend to get much infor- Pam Shaw
mation during the testing process. Some Director
examiners consistently obtain more admis-
sions from our (PCSOT) clients than other
Hello fellow APA members,
Polygraphers. Those examiners also have
far fewer people who fail the polygraph. I I hope you are doing well and are off to a
have to think those things are related.” wonderful start to the new year. Things
APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1) 31FROM THE BOARD
have been fairly quiet on the APA front more updates and information in the next
since our last Board reports given the board report.
holiday season and a continued cautious
beginning to 2021. Despite the on-going
pandemic, there seems to be hope on the All the best,
horizon that national seminars and in- Pam Shaw
person trainings will resume, at least by
the latter half of the year. This fortunately
means things are looking positive for the
upcoming APA seminar in Chicago, and of Erika Thiel
course, we hope to see you there! Director
The work of the Membership Commit-
I hope that everyone had a wonderful
tee has continued smoothly over recent
holiday season throughout the month
months, which is in large part due to the
of December. As promised in my last
ever-present and dedicated efforts of the
board report, the PCSOT committee has
National Office staff. As always, a huge
picked up where we had left off and we
shout out to them and the work they do!
While many of you are already members have started reviewing and revising the
and only think of membership issues changes to the PCOST model policy. As
when it’s time to renew, I would like to once life continues to have its ups and downs,
again ask for your feedback and thoughts we are not as fast moving as we were the
about how the Association could serve first time around. My goal is still to have
you better. I’m not asking about anything something to present at the winter board
regarding becoming a member, but rath- meeting, but I cannot make any promises
er, now that you are a member, what you to that at this time. Many of us; includ-
would like to see happen within our asso- ing the reader of this report, have suffered
ciation? What services could we provide through various trials of life throughout
that would enhance the value of APA to this pandemic and the best thing we can
you as a professional? There is a heart do at this time is be sentient to each per-
of service among many on the board, but son’s struggles and losses and approach
we would love your input to help gener- those situations with patience and grace.
ate ideas and guide future efforts. Please
email and let me know what’s on your I would like to thank each member of the
mind. I know, I know…that’s just asking PCSOT committee as well as every ex-
to open pandora’s box, but hey, I really do aminer who has reached out to me with
want to know! ideas they would like to be considered for
polygraph in general. Team collaboration
My best to each of you in the coming is how we will get through this time. I ap-
months and I look forward to sharing preciate and respect every single one of
32 APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1)FROM THE BOARD
you for a multitude of reasons and I can- forme, hemos sufrido varias pruebas de
not share enough gratitude for working la vida a lo largo de esta pandemia y lo
alongside and collaborating with so many mejor que podemos hacer en este mo-
intelligent examiners whether they are on mento es ser conscientes de las luchas y
or off a committee. pérdidas de cada persona y abordar esas
situaciones con paciencia y gracia.
I encourage each person to continue to
take care of themselves during this pan- Me gustaría agradecer a cada miembro
demic. Whether this means taking extra del comité de PCSOT, así como a cada
precautions, getting vaccines, and/or car- examinador que se ha acercado a mí con
ing for loved ones who are high risk. En- ideas que les gustaría ser considerados
sure that you are doing all that you can para el polígrafo en general. La colabo-
for you and your families to help not suf- ración en equipo es la forma en que super-
fer the loss and grief others have faced aremos este momento. Aprecio y respeto
during this time. For those who you have
a cada uno de ustedes por una multitud
lost, you are all in my prayers. For those
de razones y no puedo compartir la sufici-
of you who are lucky to say you have not
ente gratitud por trabajar y colaborar con
lost, you are in my prayers as well.
tantos examinadores inteligentes, ya sea
que estén dentro o fuera de un comité.
Espero que todos hayan tenido una mara-
villosa temporada navideña durante todo
el mes de diciembre. Como prometí en Animo a cada persona a seguir cuidán-
mi último informe de la junta, el comité dose durante esta pandemia. Ya sea que
de PCSOT ha retomado donde lo había- esto signifique tomar precauciones adi-
mos dejado y ha comenzado a revisar y cionales, vacunarse o cuidar a seres que-
revisar los cambios a la política del mod- ridos que corren un alto riesgo. Asegúrese
elo PCOST. A medida que la vida sigue te- de hacer todo lo posible por usted y sus
niendo sus altibajos, no nos movemos tan familias para ayudar a no sufrir la pérdida
rápido como lo hicimos la primera vez. Mi y el dolor que otros han enfrentado duran-
objetivo todavía es tener algo que presen- te este tiempo. Por aquellos que han per-
tar en la reunión de la junta de invierno, dido, están todos en mis oraciones. Para
pero no puedo hacer ninguna promesa aquellos de ustedes que tienen la suerte
al respecto en este momento. Muchos de decir que no han perdido, también es-
de nosotros; incluido el lector de este in- tán en mis oraciones.
APA Magazine 2021, 54 (1) 33You can also read
