ANDHRA CHAMBER OF COMMERCE - PROGRESS THROUGH COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY - WEBINAR ON "INDUSTRY EDUCATION PROGRAMME ON HALLMARKING ON JEWELLERY SECTOR" ...

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                                        www.andhrachamber.com

                               ANDHRA CHAMBER
                                 OF COMMERCE
                   I N FORM AT ION BULLETIN
                   PROGRESS THROUGH COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY

                 Webinar on “Industry Education programme on
                 Hallmarking on Jewellery sector” - 30th July 2021

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ANDHRA CHAMBER OF COMMERCE - PROGRESS THROUGH COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY - WEBINAR ON "INDUSTRY EDUCATION PROGRAMME ON HALLMARKING ON JEWELLERY SECTOR" ...
President Desk                                03

                                               Webinar on “Industry Education
      Bulletin Advisory Board                  programme on Agri and Food Sector”            04
                                               on the 20th July 2021
    Shri Ch. Venkateswara Rao
                                               Webinar on “Industry Education
    Vice-President                             programme on Hallmarking on Jewellery         06
    Shri R.r. Padmanabhan                      sector held” on the 30th July 2021
    Chairman,                                  INDIA’S FOREIGN TRADE                         08
    Foreign Trade and Skill Development
                                               Recent Judgements in VAT CST GST
    Sub-Committees                                                                           13
                                               by Mr. V.V. Sampath Kumar
    Shri V.v. Sampath Kumar                    Designing destiny-Need for a revolution and
                                               social change (Part 1) by Mr. S. Prakash      15
    Chairman, Indirect Taxes Sub-Committee

    Shri K.n. Suresh Babu                      Small Companies by Mr. CS.U.Siddharth         18
    Chairman, Public Relations Sub-Committee   Challenges of Standards And Conformity
                                               Assessment (Part 2) by Mr. Anil Jauhri        20
    Shri M.k. Anand
    Chairman                                   Exports through Courier
                                                                                             24
    Information Technology                     by Mr. R R Padmanabhan
    Computerisation Telecom                    Consumer Price Index                          26
    and MSME, Subcommittees

    Shri V.s. Prasanth Kumar
    Co-Chairman
    MSME Subcommittee

     Editor And Publisher
     Andhra Chamber of Commerce,
     Chennai

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ANDHRA CHAMBER OF COMMERCE - PROGRESS THROUGH COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY - WEBINAR ON "INDUSTRY EDUCATION PROGRAMME ON HALLMARKING ON JEWELLERY SECTOR" ...
President
                                          desk
The consequences of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak are unprecedented
and felt around the world. The world of work is being profoundly affected by the
pandemic. In addition to the threat to public health, the economic and social
disruption threatens the long-term livelihoods and wellbeing of millions. The
pandemic is heavily affecting labour markets, economies and enterprises, including
global supply chains, leading to widespread business disruptions.
COVID-19 has drastically accelerated digital business models. A recent study shows
that more than half of the companies have increased their investment in digital and
technology innovation as a result of the pandemic.
Taking cue from this, Andhra Chamber with the support of Friedrich Naumann
Foundation for Freedom is organising workshops on Digital Marketing both first level
and second level in Chennai and Hyderabad and Members can take advantage of the
programmes.
Due to Covid 19 there are many companies still unable to understand how to Restart
again. They are completely clueless as to where to begin and how to create their
identity in business. For those who are desperately looking for help to assist their
business online, our Chamber is bringing out a workshop on RESTART through
web presence, where the business members will be taught to design a cost effective
website, through a one day workshop. I would like to urge the members to make use
of this opportunity.
Take vaccination and Stay Safe.
                                                        Dr. V.L. INDIRA DUTT
                                                                       President

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ANDHRA CHAMBER OF COMMERCE - PROGRESS THROUGH COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY - WEBINAR ON "INDUSTRY EDUCATION PROGRAMME ON HALLMARKING ON JEWELLERY SECTOR" ...
Industry Education programme on Agri and
           Food Sector held on the 20th July 2021

A
         ndhra Chamber of Commerce organised         etc mandated by various importing countries. All
         an industry education programme on          these Standards and Certifications are global and
         Agri and Food sector on the 20th July       have same and similar structures.
2021.                                                As we are aware, FSSAI has made series of very
Dr V.L.IndiraDutt welcomed the participants.         important announcements for Food Business
In her welcome address she said that Andhra          Operators in the country recently.
Chamber has been conducting regular initiatives,     Similarly, NABL has announced mandatory QR
programs for members, associate members as part      Code in all Test Reports issued by Accredited
of creating an enabling system to improve their      Testing Labs with immediate effect.
trade and commerce focus.
                                                     Considering all these vibrant changes happening
We all know how covid19 has derailed the global      to the ease of doing business initiatives in both
market place and business ecosystem and how          domestic and international markets, chamber will
countries are struggling with supply chain gaps.     continue to drive more market place engagements
Indian businesses got affected too and we are        for businesses to improve their business focus
seeing huge supply chain gaps in the domestic        and scale up their businesses by utilising the
market itself. At the same time, Indian businesses   opportunities.
are receiving lots of business enquiries too to
supply to global markets.                            Mr S B Goenka, Chairman, Food processing
                                                     subcommittee of the Chamber in his opening
Indian MSME businesses, though getting trade         remarks gave an overview of Food sector and how
enquiries from International markets, need to        important is the role played by FSSAI and NABL
improve global competitiveness of their products     in the certifications.
and services, to have access to international
markets. To have international market access,        Mr Muthumaran,Regional Director, FSSAI said
businesses should first understand the Technical     that FSSAI is an apex body for food safety in
Regulations, Standards, Product Certifications,      the country. One Nation and One food law in
Quality Systems Certifications, Accreditations       the country. is introduced to issue various safety

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ANDHRA CHAMBER OF COMMERCE - PROGRESS THROUGH COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY - WEBINAR ON "INDUSTRY EDUCATION PROGRAMME ON HALLMARKING ON JEWELLERY SECTOR" ...
regulations in the food sector. What FSSAI does is    India in any accredited laboratory and is accepted
implementing international standards and code of      throughout worldwide. She explained in detail
practices on food products in the country. When       about the Accreditation process. The application
the food products are supplied to other countries,    can be submitted through the NABL website
the quality has to meet upto the standards of that    login. Under the pandemic NABL has into
country and hence helps in free flow of trade.        consideration of the requirement of the industries
Dr Kannan, Technical Director of FSSAI in his         and developed a blockchain portal. NABL issues
presentation said that on June 08, 2021, the Food     a monthly basis issue the Newsletter. Then she
Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI)       explained about QR Code – Quick Response
issued an order for mandating the mentioning of       code. It is used to prevent the manipulation.
FSSAI license/ registration number on receipts/       Mr.Nikhil Kumar, Assistant Director, NABL
invoices/ cash memo/ bills etc. by food business on   presented on the Parak portal which is a unified
sale of food products.                                laboratory network. He said that this portal is
FSSAI has mandated the declaration of the 14-         the need of the hour. It is a Government of India
digit FSSAI license or registration number on cash    initiative connecting all the laboratory network
receipts/ memos/ bills etc. with an only exemption    and it is a signified initiative under ease of doing
on GST e-way bill and such other government           business. Laboratory location can be found
documents which are system generated.                 through this portal on various parameters by the
                                                      user, i.e. by name, by location etc., It is a GIS
The policy seeks to leverage the existing             based platform and is a Centralised database. The
commercial transaction practice and the regulatory    map of India in the portal shows the no. of labs
requirement under tax laws. The implementation        in each State and this can be easily located. He
shall be mandatorily done by October 01, 2021.        also explained the full functions and usage of this
He urged the food industry members to follow          portal.
this. Waiver of late fee for renewing the license.
Many steps have been taken by FSSAI during            The topics on standards and FSSAI announcements
Covid for the food business operators. They can       kindled lot of interest among the participants and
file the annual returns by 31st August 2021. Can      the Q & A session was moderated by Ms.Rama
migrate to FASCOS upto 31st October 2021.             Venugopal, Co Chairman of the Quality sub
                                                      committee. The programme was attended by 87
Then Ms.Anita Rani, Joint Director, NABL              participants.
made a presentation on the activities of NABL
NABL is constituent body of Quality council of        Ms.R.Vijayalakshmi, Secretary General of the
India and an accreditation body. It is accepted in    Chamber proposed vote of thanks.

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ANDHRA CHAMBER OF COMMERCE - PROGRESS THROUGH COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY - WEBINAR ON "INDUSTRY EDUCATION PROGRAMME ON HALLMARKING ON JEWELLERY SECTOR" ...
Industry Education programme on Hallmarking
    on Jewellery sector held on the 30th July 2021

A
         s you are all aware, Andhra Chamber          this hallmarking will facilitate the industry a long
         has been conducting regular initiatives,     way towards being more structured and further
         programs for members, associate              push the ongoing shift of business and customers.
members as part of creating an enabling system to     Sri. M.V.S.D. Prasada Rao, Scientist & DDG,
improve their trade and commerce focus.               Bureau of Indian Standards, Southern Region
Today’s programme aims for the Jewellery Sector,      was the Speaker to present on the Hall Marking
based on the recent announcement made by              scheme and the implementation road map.
Ministry of Consumer Affairs making Hall              In his presentation Mr.Prasada Rao said that
Marking of Gold Jewellery mandatory is made           Hallmarking is the accurate determination and
mandatory from 16th June 2021.                        official recording of the proportionate content of
Dr V L Indira Dutt, President of the Chamber          precious metal in the jewellery/artefacts or bullion/
in her welcome address said that most of the          coins. Mandatory hallmarking of gold jewellery/
businesses in the country belong to MSME              artefacts has come into force with effect from 16th
segment and majority of the businesses in fact fall   June 2021. For hallmarking of jewellery, a jeweller
under micro and small business categories.            who wants to sell hallmarked jewellery has to
With widening of the MSME definition last             obtain a registration from BIS. The registration of
year, many growth stage, medium and large sized       jeweller’s process has been made online. Jewellers
businesses are also included into MSME definition.    with annual turnover upto 40 lakhs are exempted
In fact the MSME definition got widened further       from mandatory hall marking. In the first phase,
recently to cover Retail traders and wholesale        gold hallmarking will be available in only in 256
businesses too.                                       districts and jewellers having annual turnover
                                                      above ` 40 lakh will come under its purview.
International Trade and Commerce is always
linked to businesses showing compliance to            Here are 19879 registered hall mark jewellers
technical regulations, standards, certifications,     and 319 Assaying & hallmarking Centres in the
accreditations, IPR etc of the country of origin      Southern Region.
and also as per the importing countries rules and     He also said that the Government has designed
regulations.                                          the hall marking scheme to help the consumers,
Hence businesses need to constantly follow            because when they pledge the jewellery for
various Conformity Assessment Guidelines that         emergency purposes, they find that the gold is not
are applicable to businesses.                         pure and they don’t get the required amount for
                                                      the purpose it is pledged for. This hallmarking will
Chamber will continue to drive more market            standardize the purity of Gold Jewellery.
place engagements for businesses to improve their
business focus and scale up their businesses by       As per BIS standards, there are three categories of
utilising the opportunities.                          hallmarking based on purity of gold—22 carat, 18
                                                      carat and 14 carat. However, the ministry on 15
Sri Prashanth Kumar, co Chairman, MSME                June announced that “Gold of Additional carats
Sub committee in his opening remarks gave an          20, 23 and 24 will also be allowed for Hallmarking.”
overview of the Jewellery sector in India and how

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ANDHRA CHAMBER OF COMMERCE - PROGRESS THROUGH COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY - WEBINAR ON "INDUSTRY EDUCATION PROGRAMME ON HALLMARKING ON JEWELLERY SECTOR" ...
After his presentation, Ms.Bhavani, Branch         the scheme and also on the Assaying and Hall
Head, BIS, Chennai office made a powerpoint        marking Centres and offered suggestions too.
presentation and she explained the Hall marking    Sri GR Anantha Padmanaban, EC Member of the
scheme in visuals.                                 Chamber who are pioneers in jewellery business
Ms.Rama Venugopal, Co-Chairman, Quality Sub        presented the views of the industry on the Hall
Committee of the Chamber moderated the session     marking scheme.
and Q & A. The programme was attended by 65        Ms. R Vijayalakshmi, Secretary General of Andhra
participants.                                      Chamber proposed vote of thanks.
There were many questions raised by the various    It was a most vibrant and extremely interactive
jewellers who participated in the programme.       session.
Industry members sought lot of clarifications on

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ANDHRA CHAMBER OF COMMERCE - PROGRESS THROUGH COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY - WEBINAR ON "INDUSTRY EDUCATION PROGRAMME ON HALLMARKING ON JEWELLERY SECTOR" ...
FOREIGN
TRADE
STATISTICS
India’s Foreign Trade: July 2021
India’s overall exports (Merchandise and Services combined) in July 2021* are estimated to be USD 54.95
Billion, exhibiting a positive growth of 36.19 per cent over the same period last year and a positive growth
of 23.24 per cent over July 2019. Overall imports in July 2021* are estimated to be USD 57.29 Billion,
exhibiting a positive growth of 50.15 per cent over the same period last year and a positive growth of 10.60
per cent over July 2019.

                                                                                           Growth          Growth
                                          July 2021       July 2020       July 2019
                                                                                           vis-à-vis       vis-à-vis
                                            (USD            (USD            (USD
                                                                                          July 2020       July 2019
                                           Billion)        Billion)        Billion)
                                                                                              (%)             (%)
 Merchandise         Exports                35.43           23.64           26.23           49.85           35.05
                     Imports                46.40           28.47           40.43           62.99           14.77
                     Trade Balance          -10.97           -4.83          -14.20         -127.37          22.71
 Services*           Exports                19.52           16.71           18.36           16.86            6.35
                     Imports                10.89            9.69           11.37           12.42            -4.21
                     Net of Services         8.64            7.02            6.99           22.99           23.53
 Overall Trade Exports                      54.95           40.35           44.59           36.19           23.24
 (Merchandise+ Imports                      57.29           38.15           51.80           50.15           10.60
 Services)*
               Trade Balance                 -2.34           2.20            -7.21         -206.43          67.57

*Note: i) The latest data for services sector released by RBI is for June 2021. The data for July 2021 is an estimation,
which will be revised based on RBI’s subsequent release ii) Data for 2019 and 2020 are revised on pro-rata basis using
quarterly balance of payments data.

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ANDHRA CHAMBER OF COMMERCE - PROGRESS THROUGH COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY - WEBINAR ON "INDUSTRY EDUCATION PROGRAMME ON HALLMARKING ON JEWELLERY SECTOR" ...
India’s overall exports (Merchandise and Services combined) in April-July 2021* are estimated to be USD
204.97 Billion, exhibiting a positive growth of 47.87 per cent over the same period last year and a positive
growth of 15.35 per cent over April-July 2019. Overall imports in April-July 2021* are estimated to be USD
214.71 Billion, exhibiting a positive growth of 72.06 per cent over the same period last year and a negative
growth of 0.32 per cent over April-July 2019.

                                                                                          Growth          Growth
                                         April-July April-July April-July
                                                                                         vis-à-vis       vis-à-vis
                                         2021 (USD 2020 (USD 2019 (USD
                                                                                         April-July      April-July
                                           Billion)  Billion)   Billion)
                                                                                         2020 (%)        2019 (%)
 Merchandise         Exports                130.82          74.96           107.15          74.52           22.09
                     Imports                172.55          88.91           170.53          94.08            1.18
                     Trade Balance          -41.73          -13.95          -63.39         -199.22          34.17
 Services*           Exports                74.15           63.66           70.55           16.48            5.10
                     Imports                42.16           35.88           43.49           17.51            -3.04
                     Net of Services        31.99           27.78           27.07           15.15           18.19
 Overall Trade Exports                      204.97          138.62          177.70          47.87           15.35
 (Merchandise+ Imports                      214.71          124.79          214.02          72.06            0.32
 Services)*
               Trade Balance                 -9.74          13.84           -36.32         -170.38          73.19

*Note: i) The latest data for services sector released by RBI is for June 2021. The data for July 2021 is an estimation,
which will be revised based on RBI’s subsequent release ii) Data for 2019 and 2020 are revised on pro-rata basis using
quarterly balance of payments data.

I. MERCHANDISE TRADE
EXPORTS (including re-exports)                                 Electronic goods (47.58%), Engineering goods
Exports in July 2021 were USD 35.43 Billion,                   (42.59%), Handicrafts excl. hand made Carpet
as compared to USD 23.64 Billion in July 2020,                 (32.61%), RMG of all textiles (30.59%), Organic
exhibiting a positive growth of 49.85 per cent. In             &inorganic chemicals (28.47%), Carpet (25.72%),
Rupee terms, exports were ` 2,64,033.76 Crore in               Plastic & Linoleum (24.14%), Jute mfg. including
July 2021, as compared to ` 1,77,305.79 Crore in               floor covering (22.08%), Mica, Coal & other ores,
July 2020, registering a positive growth of 48.91              minerals including processed minerals (18.17%),
per cent. As compared to July 2019, exports in July            Cereal preparations &miscellaneous processed items
2021 exhibited a positive growth of 35.05 per cent             (17.2%), Leather & Leather products (16.46%),
in Dollar terms and 46.27 per cent in Rupee terms.             Ceramic products & glassware (7.19%), Drugs
                                                               &pharmaceuticals (4.11%) and Fruits & Vegetables
The commodities/commodity groups which have
                                                               (0.82%).
recorded positive growth during July 2021 vis-à-vis
July 2020 are Petroleum products (230.98%), Gems               The commodities/commodity groups which
&jewellery (130.5%), Other Cereals(108.86%),                   have recorded negative growth during July 2021
Manmade yarn/fabs./made-ups etc. (58.93%),                     vis-à-vis July 2020 are Oil seeds (-38.59%), Oil
Cotton yarn/fabs./made-ups, Handloom products                  meals (-33.85%), Meat, dairy & poultry products
etc. (48.35%), Marine products (47.68%),                       (-31.96%), Tobacco (-10.31%), Tea (-8.96%), Spices

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ANDHRA CHAMBER OF COMMERCE - PROGRESS THROUGH COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY - WEBINAR ON "INDUSTRY EDUCATION PROGRAMME ON HALLMARKING ON JEWELLERY SECTOR" ...
(-8.34%), Rice (-7.25%), Cashew (-3.6%), Iron ore       as against USD 88.91 Billion (` 6,71,894.74 Crore)
(-3.39%) and Coffee (-1.89%).                           during the period April-July 2020, registering a
Cumulative value of exports for the period April-July   positive growth of 94.08 per cent in Dollar terms
                                                        and a positive growth of 90.03 per cent in Rupee
2021 was USD 130.82 Billion (` 9,67,579.13Crore)
                                                        terms. Imports in April-July 2021 have registered
as against USD 74.96 Billion (` 5,66,322.06 Crore)
                                                        a positive growth of 1.18 per cent in Dollar terms
during the period April-July 2020, registering a
                                                        and positive growth of 7.92 per cent in Rupee
positive growth of 74.52 per cent in Dollar terms
                                                        terms in comparison to April-July 2019.
(positive growth of 70.85 per cent in Rupee terms).
As compared to April-July 2019, exports in April-       Major commodity groups of import showing
July 2021 exhibited a positive growth of 22.09 per      negative growth in July2021 over the corresponding
cent in Dollar terms and 30.17 per cent in Rupee        month of last year are:
terms.                                                  CRUDE OIL AND NON-OIL IMPORTS:
Non-petroleum and Non-Gems and Jewellery                Oil imports in July 2021 were USD 12.89Billion
exports in July 2021 were USD 26.12 Billion,            (` 96,099.67 Crore), which was 97.45 percent
as compared to USD 20.37 Billion in July 2020,
                                                        higher in Dollar terms (96.22 percent higher in
registering a positive growth of 28.18 per cent. As
                                                        Rupee terms), compared to USD 6.53 Billion
compared to July 2019, Non-petroleum and Non-
                                                        (` 48,975.09 Crore) in July 2020. As compared
Gems and Jewellery exports in July 2021registered a
                                                        to July 2019, oil imports in July 2021 were 32.27
positive growth of 32.26 per cent. Non-petroleum
                                                        percent higher in Dollar terms and 43.26per cent
and Non-Gems and Jewellery exports in April-
                                                        higher in Rupee terms. Oil imports in April-July
July 2021 were USD 99.36 Billion, as compared to
                                                        2021 were USD 43.90 Billion (` 3,24,856.12 Crore)
USD 64.29 Billion for the corresponding period
                                                        which was 123.84 per cent higher in Dollar terms
in 2020-21, which is an increase of 54.55 per cent.
                                                        (119.15 percent higher in Rupee terms) compared
As compared to April-July 2019, Non-petroleum
                                                        to USD 19.61 Billion (` 1,48,234.51 Crore), over
and Non-Gems and Jewellery exports in April-July
2021 registered a positive growth of 24.08 per cent.    the same period last year. As compared to April-July
                                                        2019, oil imports in April-July 2021 were 2.69 per
IMPORTS
                                                        cent lower in Dollar terms and 3.78 per cent higher
Imports in July 2021 were USD 46.40 Billion             in Rupee terms.
(` 3,45,814.93 Crore), which is an increase of
62.99 per cent in Dollar terms and 61.97 per cent       In this connection it is mentioned that the global
in Rupee terms over imports of USD 28.47 Billion        Brent price ($/bbl) has increased by 73.77% in July
(` 2,13,499.56 Crore) in July 2020. Imports in July     2021 vis-à-vis July 2020 as per data available from
2021 have registered a positive growth of14.77 per      World Bank.
cent in Dollar terms and 24.31 per cent in Rupee        Non-oil imports in July 2021 were estimated at
terms in comparison to July 2019. Cumulative            USD 33.51 Billion (` 2,49,715.26 Crore) which
value of imports for the period April-July 2021         was 52.73 per cent higher in Dollar terms (51.78
was USD 172.55 Billion (` 12,76,776.03 Crore),          per cent higher in Rupee terms), compared to USD

10
21.94 Billion (` 1,64,524.47 Crore) in July 2020.       IMPORTS (Payments)
As compared to July 2019, Non-oil imports in July       As per the latest press release by RBI dated 2 August
2021, were 9.21 per cent higher in Dollar terms         2021, imports in June 2021were USD 11.15 Billion
and 18.28 per cent higher in Rupee terms. Non-          (` 81,995.44 Crore) registering a positive growth of
oil imports in April-July 2021 were USD 128.65          24.75 per cent in Dollar terms, vis-àvis June 2020.
Billion (` 9,51,919.91 Crore) which was 85.65           The estimated value of services import for July
per cent higher in Dollar terms (81.78 percent          2021* is USD 10.89 Billion exhibiting a positive
higher in Rupee terms), compared to USD 69.30           growth of 12.42 per cent vis-à-vis July 2020 (USD
Billion (` 5,23,660.23 Crore) in April-July 2020. As    9.69 Billion) and a negative growth of (-) 4.21 per
compared to April-July 2019, Non-oil imports in         cent vis-à-vis July 2019 (USD 11.37 Billion).
April-July 2021 were 2.57 per cent higher in Dollar
                                                        III. TRADE BALANCE
terms and 9.40 per cent higher in Rupee terms.
                                                        MERCHANDISE
Non-Oil and Non-Gold imports were USD 29.30
                                                        The trade balance for July 2021 was estimated at
Billion in July 2021, recording a positive growth of
                                                        USD (-) 10.97 Billion as against USD (-) 4.83
45.40 per cent, as compared to Non-Oil and Non-
                                                        Billion in July 2020, which is a decline of (-) 127.37
Gold imports of USD 20.15 Billion in July 2020.
                                                        percent. As compared to July 2019 (USD (-) 14.20
Non-Oil and Non-Gold imports in July 2021
                                                        Billion), trade balance in July 2021 exhibited a
recorded a positive growth of 1.15 per cent over
                                                        positive growth of 22.71 per cent.
July 2019. Non-Oil and Non-Gold imports were
USD 116.56 Billion in April-July 2021, recording        SERVICES
a positive growth of 74.43 per cent, as compared        As per RBI’s Press Release dated 2 August 2021, the
to Non-Oil and Non-Gold imports of USD 66.82            trade balance in Services (i.e. Net Services export)
Billion in April-July 2020. Non-Oil and Non-            for June 2021is USD 8.58 Billion. The estimated
Gold imports in April-July 2021 recorded a positive     trade balance in July 2021* is USD 8.64 Billion,
growth of 3.83 per cent over April-July 2019.           which is an increase of 22.99 per cent over July
II. TRADE IN SERVICES                                   2020 (USD 7.02 Billion) and an increase of 23.53
                                                        per cent over July 2019 (USD 6.99 Billion).
EXPORTS (Receipts)
As per the latest press release by RBI dated 2 August   OVERALL TRADE BALANCE
2021, exports in June 2021 were USD 19.73               Taking merchandise and services together, overall
Billion (` 1,45,101.10 Crore) registering a positive    trade balance for July 2021* is estimated at USD
growth of 24.12per cent in Dollar terms, vis-àvis       (-) 2.34 Billion as compared to USD 2.20 Billion
June 2020. The estimated value of services export       in July 2020, a decline of (-) 206.43 per cent. In
for July 2021* is USD 19.52 Billion, exhibiting         comparison to July 2019 (USD (-) 7.21 Billion),
a positive growth of 16.86 per cent vis-a-vis July      trade balance in July 2021 exhibited a positive
2020 (USD 16.71 Billion) and a positive growth          growth of 67.57 per cent.
of 6.35 per cent vis-à-vis July 2019 (USD 18.36         * Note: The latest data for services sector released by RBI
Billion).                                               is for June 2021.The data for July 2021 is an estimation,
                                                        which will be revised based on RBI’s subsequent release.
                                                        (ii) Data for 2019 and 2020 are revised on pro-rata basis
                                                        using quarterly balance of payments data.

                                                                                                                 11
MERCHANDISE TRADE                                     SERVICES TRADE
                                                        EXPORTS & IMPORTS (SERVICES) : (US $ Billion)
     EXPORTS & IMPORTS : (US $ Billion)
                                                                                                        April-June
                                 (PROVISIONAL)               (PROVISIONAL)                June 2021
                                                                                                          2021
                                         April-       EXPORTS (Receipts)                        19.73        54.63
                             JUly
                                          JUly
                                                      IMPORTS (Payments)                        11.15        31.28
EXPORTS
(including re-exports)                                TRADE BALANCE                              8.58        23.35

2019-20                    1,80,509.26 7,43,322.62
2020-21                    1,77,305.79 5,66,322.06        EXPORTS & IMPORTS (SERVICES): (Rs. Crore)

2021-22                    2,64,033.76 9,67,579.13                                                      April-June
                                                             (PROVISIONAL)                June 2021
                                                                                                          2021
%Growth 2021-22/ 2020-21        48.91        70.85
                                                      EXPORTS (Receipts)                  1,45,101.10   4,02,948.22
%Growth 2021-22/ 2019-20        46.27        30.17
                                                      IMPORTS (Payments)                    81,995.44   2,30,667.96
IMPORTS
                                                      TRADE BALANCE                         63,105.67   1,72,280.26
2019-20                    2,78,196.42 11,83,129.49
                                                      Source: RBI Press Release dated 2nd August 2021
2020-21                    2,13,499.56 6,71,894.74
2021-22                    3,45,814.93 12,76,776.03
%Growth 2021-22/ 2020-21        61.97        90.03
%Growth 2021-22/ 2019-20        24.31         7.92
TRADE BALANCE
2019-20                    -97,687.16 -4,39,806.87
2020-21                    -36,193.77 -1,05,572.68
2021-22                    -81,781.17 -3,09,196.90

12
Articles from Members

        GST                                                                    VAT

                                                CST
Recent Judgements in

VAT CST GST
                                                                                Shri V.V. Sampathkumar
                                                                    Chairman, Indirect Taxes Sub-Committee, ACC

Sale without C form and input tax credit:               opportunity to be given to the petitioners prior to
Legislature has broadened, in its wisdom, the           framing of assessment and this has been interpreted
grant of benefit of ITC to transactions with            in a slew of matters to include opportunity of
unregistered dealers as well, vide the substitution     personal hearing as well. As no personal hearing
amendment in 2015. Having taken such a decision         was afforded prior to framing of the assessment,
in principle, there is no rhyme or reason to restrict   the court set aside the impugned proceedings with
the benefit only from the date of substitution.         directions. V.Jagadeesan, Contractor Vs. STO,
Since the substitution in the present case only         Dharapuram W.P.No.8751 of 2021 DATED:
seeks to set right an anomaly it necessarily has to     12.07.2021
be effective from the date of inception of the Act      Effective Opportunity: Assessments passed
itself, retrospectively. M/s.Nezone Tubes Limited       under the provisions of the TNVAT Act, 2006
Vs AC (CT), Ranipet (SIPCOT) W.P.No.4176                relate to the various periods 2015-16, 2016-17
of 2014 DATED : 14.07.2021                              and 2017-18.Initially, notices were issued by
Natural Justice: In view of the fact that there         the Revenue permitting the petitioner to file
is admittedly a violation of principles of natural      its objections as well as availing an opportunity
justice, the impugned orders are set aside with         of personal hearing within a period of 15 days.
directions. The Asthalakshmi Agencies, Vs               However, this cannot be taken to be effective
AC (ST), Chitode Assessment Circle W.P.                 opportunity as personal hearing should be fixed by
Nos.14369 & 14371 of 2021 DATED:                        date and time. In the above circumstances and
14.07.2021                                              other reasons, the Court held that the opportunity
Revision, personal hearing, rule 8(5)(d): The           granted by the respondent has not been effective
Assessing Authority has proceeded to apply Rule         and the impugned orders are set aside with
8(5)(d) of the Tamil Nadu Value Added Tax Rules,        directions. M/s.Kanagam Constructions, Vs.
2007. Section 27 of the Act provides for effective      The STO, Dharapuram W.P. Nos.9778, 9782
                                                        & 9787 of 2021 DATED: 12.07.2021

                                                                                                            13
Refund: Petitioner challenges order dated              therefore, the petitioner has to prefer an appeal
22.07.2020 rejecting its request for refund.           and redress his grievance in the manner known to
An e-application for refund was filed again            law. M/s.DLF Southern Homes Pvt Ltd., vs. The
on 16.06.2020. A show cause notice dated               AC (CT), Chengalpattu Assessment Circle, WP
25.06.2020 proposing rejection of refund stating       No.26731 of 2015 DATED : 20-07-2021
that there was a mismatch between the export           Writ   petition:  No writ needs to be entertained,
value and the net ITC when compared to monthly         when a statutory appellate remedy is provided
returns was issued. The petitioner responded vide      under the Act. The appellate authority is the
reply dated 07.07.2020 enclosing documents. The        final fact-finding authority, who is competent to
impugned order has come to be passed, which is         consider both the factual and legal grounds as
non-speaking, without affording an opportunity of      they are functioning as quasi judiciary authority
personal hearing. The impugned order of rejection      and disposed the matter with directions. M/s.
is set aside. Tvl.Naggaraj AnooradhaVs STO             Rail One Projects Pvt. Ltd., Vs. The AC (CT),
(Circle) Koyambedu (c) W.P. No.174 of 2021             Vadapalani Assessment Circle, W.P.Nos.37201
DATED: 08.07.2021                                      to 37203 of 2015 DATED : 08.07.2021
Writ of Mandamus: The prayer in this WP is for         Advance    ruling clarification:     The learned
a mandamus directing the respondent to furnish         counsel for the petitioner made a submission that
a certified copy of the assessment order for the       the petitioner responded and submitted further
period 2002-03, passed in terms of the provisions      application withdrawing two clarifications sought
of the TNVAT Act, 2006. He has also filed a            for and requested to clarify one issue alone. No
representation dated 24.04.2021 to this effect, for    opportunity was provided to the new Bench and
which an acknowledgement is issued. The Court          therefore, the order was passed by the different
directed that the representation be considered         Bench consists of three members, which is not
and disposed within a period of 4 weeks from           valid in the eye of law. The Bench which heard
today after hearing the petitioner, preferably         the arguments and issues had not decided the
virtually. N.AzeemBasha Vs AC (ST),Central II          matter and the different Bench, who neither
Assessment Circle 2nd Floor Tirupur 641 603            heard the matter nor opportunity was provided
W.P. No.13980 of 2021 DATED: 07.07.2021                to the petitioner to submit their case, was passed
Appellate Remedy: The practise of filing the WP        final order that too after a lapse of three years.
without exhausting the statutory remedies are in       The withdrawal application submitted by the
ascending mode and such WPs are filed with a           petitioner for not pressing the two applications
view to avoid pre-deposits to be made in statutory     were also not considered. The Court remanded
appeals and on the ground that the appellate           back the matter for fresh consideration. Schwing
remedies are time consuming. In the present            Stetter India Pvt.Ltd., Vs ACAAR, Chennai
case, the importance of appellate remedy and its       W.P.No.12480 of 2018 DATED : 06.07.2021
necessity are yet to be considered by this Court and

14
Part 1 of 3

                                                                                Article by Mr. S. Prakash

W
          hile I was young, I used to have a view       If you really look at the world around us, today,
           about the world. How the world should        compared to what we had fifty to hundred years
       be? What people should do? How things            ago, we are being driven more and more, by the
should be? And as I grew older and older, I started     effects of what we call as consumerism. There are
accepting what I was told.                              product advertisements, there are everything that
It is not an attitude of giving up, but, maybe I        is possible to, distract us from what we should do
did not, have the necessary knowledge, wisdom           being towards to, and make us go towards what
and tools, to work towards, what can be called          they would want us to buy. There is an element
as, designing the destiny of the society, the need      of competitive spirit, which is going beyond
for a revolution and a social change. There is not      acceptable levels, in this world right now. What
much that I could really do about, those which are      they say you know, dog eats dog competitive
outside of me.                                          world. People are out there to finish. Everywhere,
                                                        wherever you go, almost everywhere, whether it is
As young college students, all of you would be          job market or getting anadmission in prestigious
quite aspirational, in your views about the world.      school, or college or University.
The world should be like this, the world should be
like that, and then slowly the reality starts hitting   The competitive spirit is so high, from the age of
each and every one of us. If we start following what    five or six, or rather from the standard five or six,
is to be expected of us from the society. If you look   people are put in and preparing for in IIT mode.
at where we are, in the world order, it is like a       Many of you might have gone through it when you
cross road. In fact, I would dare say that, the next    are young. It is something today that is instilled
20 to 30 years, of this world, and what we do to        to such an extent that you don’t really mind, as
this world, can entirely rewrite the human history      long as we win. Win at any cost is something that
for the next hundred thousand years or so. I have       has really been driven deeply into us. The purpose
certain inputs to share, some scientific evidences,     of being educated, or rather becoming literate,
certain interesting frameworks, and then, maybe         is almost being lost on the society. We are made
we will also find, how we can do this. This is an       literate or we learn our education or whatever
aspiration that each and every one of us have till      we want to call, mainly for pursuing our material
life leads us to reality.                               ambitions, forgetting for a moment that the same

                                                                                                          15
literacy and education that was given to many            and uncles and aunts. We don’t know up to the
of our forefathers in the past was used by them,         age of ten, who actually is your mother or father
for a social cause, of course after taking care of       is. You tend to call everyone as, Anna, Anni,
themselves.                                              whatever. You don’t you know who your actual
Wherever you go, you find that there is a huge           father and mother is till someone says? To that
fight for space, having physical space, and              extent, we were all working, and growing together,
power. I want to be greater than someone else.           as a very tolerant society, which instilled its own
If it’s a company, I have to be the CEO. If it’s a       values in each and every one of us.
Government organization, Chief Minister, or the          If you look at it today, it is become a default setting.
Prime Minister or the President. If it is a world        I am not painting a too negative a picture; I am
council, I will have to be at the head. In whatever      sharing one extreme for you to understand, where
we do, more than really relishing the journey, we        we are. When I say cross roads, cross road can be
start looking at what actually we can acquire in         both positive and negative. Either way; that’s the
terms of power. At every moment, we are forced to        cross road.
believe that we have to demonstrating how great
                                                         Today a joint family literally is a father and
we are in this world. We have to keep, as they
                                                         mother max one child living together. That itself
say no, in chess, thumping and keep proving to
                                                         is considered a joint family. Racism has reached
the world that I am great person. The challenge,
if you really look at it, when it manifests itself.      its peak in various forms. None of us are exempt
For us to achieve all this, if we really look at the     from its impact in our day to day lives, whether
world history for the last 2000 years, to prove that     you are in India or in any other part of the world.
someone is powerful, to prove that I need a space,       In some way or another, we keep seeing its ugly
country size is not sufficient, I need to pick up a      head coming out, which is a reflection of our
larger space.                                            inability to accept people those who are around
                                                         us. There is a very famous you tube video, that you
Only in the last 40 to 45 years in the last 2000 years
                                                         might have seen, floating around about two years
has not seen a war. The rest of the thousand nine
                                                         ago. They did an experiment of bringing about
hundred and fifty odd years, humanity has seen
                                                         100 people together into a room. Over a period
war after war after war, culminating in two world
                                                         of two to three days, they were all put together,
wars. Both were seen in the last hundred years
                                                         and one came from the specific religion, and the
space. What we achieved out of that is something
                                                         other came from specific religion, somebody came
we can see in front of our eyes. Nations were wiped
                                                         from a separate ethnicity, somebody came from
out. Atomic bombs were used, and what all people
                                                         a different country, different colors, caste, creed,
had to go through, to come back from that. Even
                                                         different wealth brackets, and then after the first
people today, are paying the price for the effect of
                                                         or second day, they put the DNA sample of all
the atom bomb that is dropped in Japan, in 1943.
                                                         these people, and after a test was done, they found
The effect of Hiroshima, Nagasaki is there for
                                                         out, that out of these hundred people, almost 95
everyone to see. Even after six, seven generations,
people were being born with amputated arms and           people had been related each other, some three
limbs and things like that. Because of the need          to four generations before. It is an absolutely
for success, the society, even as a family, we have      amazing experiment, you can go and search in
started losing the value of tolerance. I remember        the You tube, you will be able to find, where at
when I grew up, from an earlier age group, we all        the end people hug each other and they started
had, the only option we had, was to live in a joint      understanding that life is beyond religion, caste,
family. We had grandfathers and grandmothers,            nationality, wealth levels, education levels etc.

16
One of the effects because of the materialism we        Tamil movie, where the father of a daughter who
all know, is the extent to which, we have taken         is butchered to death after whatever, whatever…
the earth to its brink. We all know the impact of       He thinks of going and taking revenge, and in the
global warming. Many of you may be wondering            climax scene, he speaks, where he says, what has
as a college student, what is that I am going to        the society really come to? Can’t we peacefully
get, by knowing about global warming or what can        co-exist? Are we here to fight each other, kill
I really do? At a superficial level, yes, there are     each other, pull each other down, and finally he
several things that we can do; I am going to talk at    pardons the four boys who did that act, obnoxious
a deeper level. At a superficial level, we can look     act. He says, let them go please, saying at least I
at consuming less, planting more trees, things like     want to make a difference to them.
that. If you really look at where society is today,     Like that, in this world, you will still see, very
in statistical terms they call it as a tipping point.   few pockets, of compassion, and love. There are
Rather a point of no return when you reach there        certain people who have been great exhibits of
and then cross over, it’s impossible for you to take    that. Whether it’s our former president Abdul
a U turn, and come back. Imagine, you are sitting       Kalam who demonstrated in his lifetime how to
in a rocket; and till it, takes off, you have every     co-exist with people. Or Mother Teresa, or many
possibility of getting out and following whatever       unsung heroes of India, who have always been
you want to do, but once the ignition button is         compassionate, whether to your neighbor or to
pressed and the rocket takes off, you are into a        your parents at home or to your grandparents, or
trajectory which is beyond your control. That           to those around.
typically can be an example of what you call as
tipping point ora point of no return. The society       To be continued (this being the 1st part in the
today, is almost there. There are reasons, scientific   3-part series)
reasons, as to why, this is happening. Before I get            (The views expressed are solely of the author)
into that, a few days ago I was watching a recent

                                                                                                          17
SMALL
COMPANIES

                   Article by Mr. CS.U.Siddharth

I
         n The Union Budget 2021, Finance             So, It simply means that all those companies
         Minister Mrs.Nirmala Sitharaman had          which shall be having the paid up capital less than
         proposed a major change in the Companies     2 Crores or the turnover less than 20 crore, shall be
         Act, which is related to the Status of       termed as the Small Companies. For a Corporate,
Small companies, which is being determined by         it is necessary to understand, what benefits it shall
their capital and turnover. Hence, in the budget,     avail from being the Small Company.
the limits of paid up capital and turnover had been   Benefits/ Privileges for small companies
raised from the existing limits:
                                                      Holding of Board Meetings
Raise in threshold limit of Paid Up capital from
existing Rs. 50 lakhs to Rs. 2 crores and             Every company is required to hold 4 Board Meeting
                                                      in a year. While a Small Company can hold only
Raise in Annual turnover from existing Rs. 2          2 Board meetings in a calendar year i.e. one
crores to Rs. 20 crores.                              board meeting in each half of the calendar year.
Accordingly, the definition of Small Company          However the gap between the two board meetings
shall be read as follows:                             should not be less than 90 days. So in case of Small
Section 2(85) Small Company’ means a company,         Companies, the Board is not required to conduct
other than a public company -                         4 meetings in a year as it is applicable in case of
                                                      companies other than small and OPC companies.
Paid-up share capital of which does not exceed
Two Crore rupees [and]                                Signing of an Annual Return

 Turnover of which [as per Profit and Loss account    In case of Small Company, the Annual Return
for the immediately preceding financial year] does    can be signed by Company Secretary alone or if
not exceed Twenty Crore rupees.                       there is no CS, by a single Director only.

Provided that nothing in this clause shall apply      Cash Flow Statements not required
to-                                                   A Small company does not require to maintain
(A) a holding company or a subsidiary company;        a Cash flow statement as a part of its Financial
                                                      Statements. So while filing of Balance Sheet with
(B) a company registered under section 8; or          Registrar of Companies, companies shall not be
(C) a company or body corporate governed by any       required to attach the Cash Flow Statements
special Act;                                          along with the Financial Statements.

18
Abridged Director Report and Annual Return               small company fails to comply with the provisions
For small companies, the format of director report       of section 92(5), section 117(2) or section 137(3),
is not vast rather an abridged Director Report           such company and officer in default of such
shall also be sufficient. The format has already         company shall be liable to a penalty which shall
been prescribed by the Ministry for abridged             not be more than one half of the penalty specified
Director Reports for Small Companies and One             in such sections.
Person Companies. Please note that matters to be         No Certification by the Professional on E Forms
included in Board’s Report as mentioned in Rule
                                                         The companies are required to file the various
-8 of companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 shall not
                                                         E Forms pertaining to filing of Balance Sheets,
apply for small company.
                                                         Annual Returns, and various other event based
Fast Track Merger Process                                e forms. If we look from the corporate point of
The merger process between small companies is            view, the companies shall not be required to get
less cumbersome and less expensive and hence, on         the E Forms being certified from the Practicing
a fast track basis as compared to the other ones.        Professionals.

No Auditor Retire By Rotation                            But it is always advisable that the e-forms must
                                                         be checked by the Professionals, though do not
Every Private Limited company having a paid-up           require certification as the corporates, its owners,
capital of ` 50 crores or more is required to rotate     its directors or the employees may not be aware
its auditor after a term of 5 years. But being a small   about the various provisions which goes on
company, having capital less than ` 2 crores, shall      changing year by year. Hence, the verification
never be required to rotate its auditor according        from Professionals may reduce the chances of
to Section 139(2)of Companies Act 2013. Please           errors and avoidance of various penalties and the
Note that Section 139(2) of the Company Act              additional fees.
2013, which mandates the rotation of auditors
every 5 years (individual auditors) and every 10         Conclusion
years (firm of auditors) is not applicable to Small      So we can conclude that being a small company,
Companies.                                               the companies may earn huge benefits as compared
Need not have Internal Financial Control Report          to the companies which are not the small ones,
                                                         resulting in less time consuming process and less
A Small Company does not require to report in            expenses simultaneously. But, it is to be noted
its Audit Report regarding Internal Financial            that a company which is eligible to be known as a
controls and the operating effectiveness of the          small company in one particular year might not be
company.                                                 eligible to have the status of a small company in
Lesser Fees                                              the subsequent year. This status is determined on
Fees for filings and other formalities u/s. 403 of the   the basis of the Annual return which is filed after
Companies Act, 2013 is also comparatively lower          the end of every financial year. If the company is
for the small companies.                                 no longer a small company; along with the change
                                                         in status, the benefits which are accorded to a
Lesser Penalties                                         small company are also withdrawn.
Lesser penalties for Small Companies under                      (The views expressed are solely of the author)
Section 446B of the Companies Act, 2013: - If a

                                                                                                           19
CHALLENGES OF
STANDARDS AND
CONFORMITY ASSESSMENT
Part - 2
                                                                                           Mr. Anil Jauhri
                                                                                           Ex-CEO, NABCB

INTRODUCTION
            ith the advent of WTO regime in 1995, the tariff and quantitative barriers in international

W
             trade have gone down and what are called non-tariff barriers have come to occupy the centre
              stage. The major barriers among nontariff barriers are acknowledged to be those related to
              standards and conformity assessment.
The WTO regime recognizes that the governments have a right to protect their populace on grounds such
as health and safety and therefore can impose product requirements by law – called technical regulations or
sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures in agri food sector. In fact, it prescribes under the Agreement
on Technical Barriers to Trade, commonly called the TBT Agreement, grounds such as health (food,
drugs, medical devices), safety (toys, electrical appliances, LPG cylinders), environment (emission levels
in vehicles, environmental laws, lead content in paints), deceptive trade practices (adulteration in cement
or gold jewellery) and national security (telecom equipment) for regulation i.e. product requirements
imposed by law.
This has led to rise in the number of technical regulations, national and international voluntary standards,
and conformity assessment procedures which apply across all sectors to products, services, processes,
management systems or personnel. Generally, these are introduced to meet the legitimate requirements
of quality and safety that consumers, businesses, regulators and other stakeholders demand in the case

20
of goods and services, whatever their country of         CONFORMITY ASSESSMENT
origin. It is vital, not only for individuals and        Meeting the regulations and standards as described
organisations but for national and international         above is however not enough to succeed in either
economic health, that products and services can          domestic or global market. Industry has to gear up
cross borders to meet global demand without              to face challenges beyond compliance to Technical
causing undue risk to the health and safety of           Regulations/SPS Measures and Standards. It is
individuals or the environment.                          no longer enough to merely comply with these
The WTO regime has thus led to creation of               but the manner of demonstrating compliance
two distinct segments: one, comprising sectors           to these is also equally important. There are a
amenable to Technical Regulations/SPS measures           variety of conformity assessment models or routes
and another comprising sectors driven by Standards       available starting from the least stringent one
(which now are defined to be per seVoluntary).           - self declaration of conformity (SDoC), used
Technical Regulations/SPS measures are the               extensively by the European Commission in its
responsibility of the Government which are               regulations for CE Mark to the intensive third
notified in the interest of the country and its          party assessment of the kind BIS uses for example
people whereas Standards, which are voluntary,           in compulsory certification of bottled water or
are usually driven by market, industry and other         cement etc.
stakeholders.                                            Conformity assessment is growing in importance
Any business, including MSMEs and startups,              both in regulated as well as voluntary sectors.
therefore need to not only be aware of the               A WTO study in 2016 of Specific Trade
regulations and standards which apply to the             Concerns(STCs) raised in the TBT Committee
sector in which they operate but also assimilate         indicated that only 30% of the STCs are based
these in the product or service at the design stage      on Standards while 70% of the STCs are on
itself so that their product or service meets the        Conformity assessment procedures. This is
regulatory requirements, which are mandatory,            understandable because more and more countries
to survive and standards prevalent in the market         today are adopting International Standards and
and demanded by buyers to succeed.                       standards then cease to be an issue; however their
                                                         Conformity assessment procedures differ and will
Theissue of Technical Regulations and Voluntary
                                                         continue to differ since there is not a single model
Standards was covered last month in the bulletin
                                                         internationally accepted.
in Part 1 of this article. It is recommended to read
the Part 1 before proceeding with reading the Part       Conformity assessment is demonstration that
2 in the current issue. Sharing the link to previous     specified requirements relating to a product,
month’s news bulletin of the chamber for your            process, system, person or body are fulfilled and
reference here. (page number 22)                         includes activities such as testing, inspection
                                                         and certification, as well as the accreditation of
https://andhrachamber.com/pub/E-Bulletin_
                                                         conformity assessment bodies.
July_2021.pdf
                                                         A typical example of how compliance to
As a continuation of the previous article, the
                                                         International Standards alone is not enough and
issue of conformity assessment - International
                                                         that the conformity assessment process is equally
Conformity Assessment Structure, Recognition of
                                                         important, is the case of Tyres manufactured in
Conformity Assessment, Role of Accreditations,
                                                         India, complying to International Standards,
Emerging Global Scenarios in Conformity
                                                         regulated in India by BIS and yet not accepted
Assessment space – is covered in this issue in part 2.

                                                                                                          21
by a small country like Ecuador, only because           and facilitating cross border acceptance of test
Ecuador has prescribed a certificate of conformity      reports, inspection reports and certifications.
from a Certification Body accredited by the             This has led to the development a system
National Accreditation Body of the country              of accreditation to establish the technical
of origin, which in this case happens to be the         competence of inspection/certification bodies and
National Accreditation Board for Certification          labs for which ISO has laid down a number of
Bodies (NABCB) and BIS is not accredited by             standards for conformity assessment bodies.
NABCB. Similarly, several other products are not
                                                        A voluntary system of accreditation has developed
going to Ecuador for the same reason – absence
                                                        worldwide under the aegis of the International
of Certification Bodies accredited by the National
                                                        Accreditation Forum (IAF) for certification
Accreditation Body.
                                                        and International Laboratory Accreditation
Recognition of Conformity Assessment                    Cooperation (ILAC) for inspection and testing
In order that inspection, certification or testing of   and India responded to these developments by
one country is recognized by another country, it        setting up a national accreditation system in the
is necessary that there is a system whereby there       form of the National Accreditation Board for
is confidence in the conformity assessment system       Certification Bodies (NABCB) and the National
of each country. Such confidence is generated           Accreditation Board for Testing & Calibration
through the process of accreditation based on           Laboratories (NABL). NABCB is undertaking
international standards. This has been provided         accreditation of certification and inspection
for in the TBT Agreement, as follows:                   bodies as per applicable international standards
                                                        while NABL is devoted to accreditation of
      “6.1.1 adequate and enduring technical
                                                        testing, calibration and medical laboratories and
      competence of the relevant conformity
                                                        related bodies. NABCB is a member of both IAF
      assessment bodies in the exporting Member,
                                                        and ILAC and NABL is a member of ILAC and
      so that confidence in the continued reliability
                                                        both have achieved international equivalence for
      of their conformity assessment results can
                                                        their accreditations.
      exist; in this regard, verified compliance,
      for instance through accreditation, with          ISO 17000 defines accreditation as “third party
      relevant guides or recommendations issued         attestation related to conforming assessment
      by international standardizing bodies shall       body conveying formal demonstration of its
      be taken into account as an indication of         competence to carry out specific conformity
      adequate technical competence;”                   assessment tasks”.
Role of Accreditation                                   Accreditation is generally carried out as per
                                                        common international standards of ISO, some of
As the importance of conformity assessment has
                                                        which are listed below:
grown with the regulators increasingly relying
on independent, third party inspection and                   • Laboratories as per ISO 17025
certification bodies or labs to carry out inspection/        • Inspection Bodies as per ISO 17020
certification/testing on their behalf and number
                                                             • Product (which includes Process)
of voluntary schemes coming up globally who
                                                               certification bodies as per ISO 17065
needed third party bodies to scale up adoption
of their standards, a need arose of assuring                 • Management systems such as ISO 9001
competence of conformity assessment bodies                     certification bodies as per ISO 17021-1

22
Emerging Global Scenario                             c. Even in regulated sectors, identify if
In view of the foregoing, it is clear what the          there is market demand for any voluntary
emerging technical infrastructure would look like       standards like ISO 9001 or ISO 13485 for
and roles are becoming clearly defined as follows:      medical devices or ISO 22000 for food
                                                        safety or private standards
     • Government at the apex to enact
       legislation and make policies;                d. Adopt International Standards or
                                                        internationally acceptable (e.g. private
     • Regulatory bodies to enforce the law on          or sustainability standards) wherever
       day to day basis Regulators can be sector        they exist and in their absence national
       specific like food, drugs etc.; e.g. FSSAI,      standards in the voluntary sectors
       CDSCO in India;
                                                     e. Seek      conformity       assessmentfrom
     • Standards bodies to make   Voluntary             inspection/certification bodies or labs
       Standards and may provide standards to           duly accredited to facilitate international
       regulators also; BIS, TSDSI in telecom,          acceptance preferably by NABCB/
       IRC for roads and bridges                        NABL, given that number of unauthentic
     • Accreditation bodies to confirm the              bodies especially in certification operate
       technical competence of Conformity               in India.
       Assessment Bodies (CABs); NABCB                (The views expressed are solely of the author)
       and NABL in India;
     • Conformity assessment bodies to support
       regulations, voluntary standards and
       quality assurance by verifying conformity
       to various standards, regulations etc;
     • Manufacturers and service providers to
       provide goods and services which are
       reliable with global acceptance, and
     • Common consumers, who are the
       recipients of goods and services.
CONCLUSION
In the wake of what has been described in earlier
paragraphs, the industry, including the MSMEs
and start ups need to follow as below:
     a. Identify if the sector you operate in is
        under regulations or potentially could be
        regulated – if yes, identify the regulator
        and legal requirements set by it.
     b. Should you be in regulated sector and
        wish to access global markets, its safe to
        go for international standards available
        which would meet most regulations of
        importing countries

                                                                                                 23
Exports through
Courier

                                                                                    Mr. R R Padmanabhan
                                                                    Chairman, Foreign Trade and Skill Development
                                                                                  Sub-Committees of the Chamber.

E     xports through Courier mode is picking up
      momentum. Of course, there are certain
      restrictions too. Like for example, goods that
                                                       Courier mode of exports provides value, weight
                                                       flexibility and agility. This type of export is
                                                       convenient for items like jewelry and food items.
are prohibited or restricted for exports cannot be     Now, festival season is round the corner. You can
exported through courier. Of course, that goes         see a lot of action in this front. Similar is the case
without saying. Goods like chemicals and perishables   with jewelry. India is known for intricate design
cannot be exported through courier mode.               jewelry both silver and gold. Entrepreneurs can
Exports through courier mode can be sent only          formulate strategies to reach out to individuals
through authorised couriers.       DHL, FedEx,         abroad for marketing such jewelry; in which
UPS are some of the authroised couriers. This          case, exports through courier are the best! They
is a boon for MSME units that are in to exports        can seek goldsmiths and silversmiths who are
in small measure. Of course, such exports are          supplying to established Jewelry houses and living
not to be accountable towards the discharge of         in remote places like Tirunelveli. Such craftsman
export obligation either for advance or EPCG           can provide intricate designs at the most affordable
licence, however, exports through courier are now      routes. All that the exporter requires is a website
eligible for MEIS benefits. The maximum value          to attract the client living abroad and on getting
limit which was earlier at ` 25,000.00 had been        order arrange to export through courier. It is
enhanced to ` 5.00 lakhs.                              better that the website is interactive that satisfies
                                                       the client. A good example of such a website is
The procedure to export is also very simple. You       bluestone.com.
need to contact a courier or his agent to book your
cargo. Nowadays, the transactions are on line, you     *The article is appearing in my post in Linked In
have to book your cargo through the portal of the      at htps://www.linkedin.com/in/eximpaddy
courier. The courier once he accepts your cargo for              The views expressed are solely of the author
carriage, arranges to pick up the cargo right from
your door steps.

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