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Number 4 | October 2020
87

NEUROSURGERY                                                                     OCTOBER 2020           VOLUME 87         NUMBER 4   Pages 613–857

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87 Number 4 | October 2020 - Oxford Academic Journals
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87 Number 4 | October 2020 - Oxford Academic Journals
EDITORIAL REVIEW BOARD

                           CEREBROVASCULAR                                                           PAIN                                           SPORTS & REHABILITATION
               SECTION EDITOR Michael Lawton Phoenix AZ                      SECTION EDITOR   Jason M. Schwalb     West Bloomfield MI         SECTION EDITOR Gavin A. Davis Melbourne Australia
       ASSOCIATE EDITORS Sepideh Amin-Hanjani  Chicago IL                                                                                  ASSOCIATE EDITORS Michael Collins Pittsburgh PA
                            Bernard R. Bendok Phoenix AZ                                         PEDIATRICS                                                   John Patricios Johannesburg South Africa
                                   Gavin Britz Houston TX                       SECTION EDITOR Gerald A. Grant     Stanford CA                                  Craig Rabb Salt Lake City UT
                                      Rose Du Boston MA                        ASSOCIATE EDITORS Jeffrey Blount    Birmingham AL                              Russ Romano Los Angeles CA
                                  David Hasan Iowa City IA                                   Samuel R. Browd       Seattle WA                                Gary Solomon Nashville TN
                                  Judy Huang Baltimore MD                                         Daniel Curry     Houston TX
                                      J Mocco New York NY                                Liliana Goumnerova        Boston MA                    STEREOTACTIC & FUNCTIONAL
                                Mika Niemelä Helsinki Finland                                     George Jallo     Baltimore MD                SECTION EDITOR Robert Gross Atlanta GA
                        Charles Prestigiacomo Cincinnati OH                                    Jeffrey Leonard     Columbus OH             ASSOCIATE EDITORS Ron Alterman    Boston MA
                                 Howard Riina New York NY                                                                                                       Jeffrey Arle Boston MA

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                                  Babu Welch Dallas TX                                     PERIPHERAL NERVE                                    Jorge Gonzalez-Martinez Pittsburgh PA
                                                                                    SECTION EDITOR Rajiv Midha Calgary Canada                            Clement Hamani Toronto Canada
                             ENDOVASCULAR
                                                                                 ASSOCIATE EDITORS Michel Kliot Stanford CA                               Andre Machado Cleveland OH
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                    ASSOCIATE EDITORS Ali Alaraj   Chicago IL
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                            Zoher Ghogawala Burlington MA                                       Eric A. Mellon Miami FL                                     Hugues Duffau      Montpellier France
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                                 Eric Oermann New York NY                                                                                                        Raju Raval    Columbus OH
                          R. Mark Richardson Pittsburgh PA                                       SKULL BASE                                                Soma Sengupta       Cincinnati OH
                                Jennifer Sweet Cleveland OH           SECTION EDITOR Philip V. Theodosopoulos      San Francisco CA                   Michael Vogelbaum        Tampa FL
                                                                                         Luigi Maria Cavallo
                                                                         ASSOCIATE EDITORS                         Naples Italy
                       GENERAL NEUROSURGERY                                              Michel Kalamarides        Paris France                     INTERSPECIALTY EDITORS
          SECTION EDITORL. Madison Michael II Memphis TN                                         Anil Nanda        Newark NJ
                                                                                                                                                               NEUROLOGY
                    ASSOCIATE EDITORS Perry Ball Lebanon NH
                                    Clark Chen Minneapolis MN               SOCIOECONOMICS, HEALTH POLICY & LAW                                              James J. Lah Atlanta GA
                                                                                                                                                SECTION EDITOR
                              William T. Curry Boston MA                        SECTION EDITOR T. Forcht Dagi Boston MA         ASSOCIATE EDITORS J. Timothy Greenamyre   Pittsburgh PA
                               Carlos A. David Burlington MA                 ASSOCIATE EDITORS James R. Bean  Lexington KY                                    Fadi Nahab Atlanta GA
                             Michael W. Groff Boston MA                                         Michael Ganz Boston MA                                       David Schiff Charlottesville VA
                             Ekkehard Kasper Hamilton Canada                           Richard S. Grossman Boston MA                                         Kevin Sheth New Haven CT
                              Joel MacDonald Salt Lake City UT                               Juergen Krause Charlottetown Canada
                            Robert Whitmore Burlington MA                                    Edward Laws Jr Boston MA                                   NEUROPATHOLOGY
                                                                                             Edie E. Zusman Castro Valley CA           ASSOCIATE EDITORS M. Beatriz Lopes Charlottesville VA
                              NEUROSCIENCE
                  SECTION EDITOR Daniel Yoshor     Philadelphia PA
                                                                                                     SPINE                                              NEUROPSYCHOLOGY
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                                                                                SECTION EDITOR John E. O’Toole     Chicago IL              SECTION EDITOR Felicia Goldstein Atlanta GA
                             Michael Fehlings      Toronto Canada
                                                                                                                                           ASSOCIATE EDITOR Suzanne Penna   Atlanta GA
                             Alexandra Golby       Boston MA                 ASSOCIATE EDITORS Peter Angevine      New York NY
                                 Albert H. Kim     St. Louis MO                         Giuseppe Barbagallo        Catania Italy
                                                                                                    Dean Chou      San Francisco CA                      NEURORADIOLOGY
                                  Dong H. Kim      Houston TX
                                                                                              Daryl R. Fourney     Saskatoon Canada       SECTION EDITOR Amit M. Saindane Atlanta GA
                               Petra M. Klinge     Providence RI
                                                                                             Steven Glassman       Louisville KY           ASSOCIATE EDITORS Jason W. Allen Atlanta GA
                              Nader Pouratian      Los Angeles CA
                                                                                              R. John Hurlbert     Calgary Canada                    Girish M. Fatterpekar New York NY
                                  Stephen Yip      Vancouver Canada
                                                                                                William Krauss     Rochester MN                           Benjamin Huang Chapel Hill NC
                              NEUROTRAUMA                                                       Shekar Kurpad      Milwaukee WI                              Otto Rapalino Boston MA
                   SECTION EDITORAlex Valadka      Richmond VA                                       Ilya Laufer   New York NY                            Lubdha M. Shah Salt Lake City UT
               ASSOCIATE EDITORS Odette Harris     Stanford CA                                         Paul Park   Ann Arbor MI               Maria Vittoria Spampinato Charleston SC
                            Peter Hutchinson       Cambridge UK                                    Daniel Refai    Atlanta GA
                                Andrew Maas        Antwerp Belgium                              K. Daniel Riew     New York NY
                                    P.B. Raksin    Chicago IL                                      Anthony Sin     Shreveport LA
                               Guy Rosenthal       Jerusalem Israel                                Justin Smith    Charlottesville VA
                              Shelly Timmons       Hershey PA                                       Chris Wolfla   Milwaukee WI

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BIOSTATISTICS
                                                  Emine Bayman Iowa City IA
                                                             Bo Cai Columbia SC
                                                  Jeffrey Dawson Iowa City IA
                                             Courtney McCracken Atlanta GA
                                               Matthew Schipper Ann Arbor MI
                                                 Songfeng Wang West Des Moines IA
                                                   Julian Wolfson Minneapolis MN
                                                      Jiajia Zhang Columbia SC

                                                        METHODOLOGY
                                                 Stephen J. Haines Minneapolis MN

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                                             Maribeth H. Johnson Augusta GA
                                              Alexander C. McLain Columbia SC
                                            Michael Maia Schlüssel Oxford United Kingdom
                                                 Beverly C. Walters Ormond Beach FL

                                                  ENHANCED ABSTRACT PANEL
                                                       Ollie Burton West Midlands United Kingdom
                                           Luis Alberto Domitrovic Málaga Spain
                                                    Brandon Smith London United Kingdom
                                                      Staša Tumpa Cambridge United Kingdom

                                                         FEATURES SECTION
                                          CALENDAR   Russell R. Lonser Columbus OH

                                    NEUROSURGERY® Publications Resident Member-at-Large
                                             Tarek El Ahmadieh Dallas TX

                                    2020-2021 NEUROSURGERY® Publications Resident Fellow
                                                       Ann Liu Baltimore MD

                                                     SOCIAL MEDIA BOARD
                                                         Rushna Ali Grand Rapids MI
                                                    Michael E. Ivan Miami FL
                                                   Justin Mascitelli San Antonio TX
                                                        Carrie Muh Valhalla NY
                                                Richard B. Rodgers Indianapolis IN
                                                     Olabisi Sanusi Lansing MI
                                                Clemens Schirmer Wilkes Barre PA
                                                      John H. Shin Boston MA
                                                    Chengyuan Wu Philadelphia PA

                                       RESIDENT NEUROSURGEON SOCIAL MEDIA BOARD
                                                    Karl Abi-Aad Syracuse NY
                                                   Nitin Agarwal Pittsburgh PA
                                                   Najib El Tecle St. Louis MO
                                                Mohamed Macki Detroit MI
                                                    Nitesh Patel New Brunswick NJ
                                                   Laura K. Reed Temple TX
                                                        Chen Shi Dallas TX
                                                   Mario Zanaty Iowa City IA

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INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY BOARD

                                     ALGERIA                                            GERMANY                                  PAKISTAN
                        Benaissa Abdennebi      Algiers                     Michael Buchfelder      Erlangen               Rashid Jooma     Karachi
                                    ARGENTINA                                 Rudolf Fahlbusch      Hannover            Tariq Salahuddin    Lahore
                             Armando Basso      Buenos Aires               Maximilian Mehdorn       Kiel
                                                                               Bernhard Meyer       Munich                       ROMANIA
                                    AUSTRALIA                                       Veit Rohde      Gottingen      Alexandru Vlad Ciurea    Bucharest
                            Andrew H. Kaye      Melbourne                  Joerg-Christian Tonn     Munich
                                     AUSTRIA                                 Manfred Westphal       Hamburg                       RUSSIA
                            Engelbert Knosp     Vienna                                                               Alexander Potapov      Moscow
                                                                                          GREECE
                                     BELGIUM                                     Kostas Fountas     Larisa
                                                                                                                              SAUDI ARABIA
                       Christian Raftopoulos    Brussels
                               Dirk Van Roost   Ghent                                      INDIA                         Imad N. Kanaan     Riyadh
                                                                                   Basant Misra     Mumbai
                                      BRAZIL                                        Suresh Nair     Trivandrum                    SERBIA
                              Apio Antunes      Porto Alegre                                                             Lukas G. Rasulic   Belgrade
                         Evandro de Oliveira    São Paulo                               INDONESIA
                             Raul Marino Jr.    São Paulo                  Eka Wahjoepramono        Tangerang                    SLOVAKIA
                                     CANADA                                               ISRAEL                             Juraj Steno    Bratislava
                            Michael Fehlings    Toronto                       Nachshon Knoller      Tel Hashomer

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                              J. Max Findlay    Edmonton                              Zvi Ram       Tel Aviv                  SOUTH AFRICA
                         R. Loch Macdonald      Toronto                                                                 Graham Fieggen      Cape Town
                                 Rajiv Midha    Calgary                                    ITALY
                                James Rutka     Toronto                        Giovanni Broggi      Milan                          SPAIN
                                                                                 Fabio Calbucci     Bologna             Miguel A. Arraez    Malaga
                                       CHILE
                                                                            Paolo Cappabianca       Naples                  Enric Ferrer    Barcelona
                                 Jaime Pinto    Concepcion
                                                                                Roberto Delfini     Rome
                                      CHINA                                Francesco Tomasello      Messina                      SWEDEN
                                Yuanli Zhao     Beijing                                                                 Niklas Marklund     Lund
                                                                                         JORDAN
                                     CROATIA                                      Ibrahim Sbeih     Amman               Mikael Svensson     Stockholm
                              Krešimir Rotim    Zagreb
                                                                                          KOREA                               SWITZERLAND
                                 CZECH REPUBLIC                                                                             Karl Schaller   Geneva
                                                                                 Dong Gyu Kim       Seoul
                             Vladimír Beneš     Prague
                                                                                   Sun Ho Kim       Seoul
                             Eduard Zverina     Prague                                                                            TAIWAN
                                    DENMARK                                               MEXICO                         Yong-Kwang Tu      Taipei City
                              Tiit Mathiesen    Copenhagen         Jesus Ramiro del Valle Robles    Mexico City
                                                                       Gerardo Guinto-Balanzar      Mexico City                   TURKEY
                                      EGYPT                                   Blas E. Lopez-Felix   Mexico City
                           Mohamed El-Fiki      Alexandria                                                                Nejat Akalan      Istanbul
                                                                         Rodrigo Ramos-Zúñiga       Guadalajara        Necmettin Pamir      Istanbul
                         Nasser El-Ghandour     Cairo
                              Adel El Hakim     Cairo                                   MOROCCO                             Uğur Türe       Istanbul
                                                                                 Naija El Abbadi    Rabat
                                     FINLAND                                                                             UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
                        Juha A. Hernesniemi     Helsinki                              NETHERLANDS                  Mohammad Al-Olama        Dubai
                              Mika Niemelä      Helsinki                  Ronald H.M.A. Bartels     Nijmegen
                                      FRANCE                                                                                UNITED KINGDOM
                                                                                         NIGERIA
                            Philippe Coubes     Montpellier                                                                 Neil Kitchen    London
                                                                             Temitayo Shokunbi      Ibadan
                             Philippe Menei     Angers                                                                        R. J. Laing   Cambridge
                              Stéphane Palfi    Paris                                    NORWAY
                                  Jean Regis    Marseille               Morten Lund-Johansen        Bergen                      ZIMBABWE
                                Marc Sindou     Lyon                           Einar O. Vik-Mo      Oslo                 Kazadi Kalangu     Harare

Neuros_87_4_Editorialboard.indd 4                                                                                                                         07/09/20 10:12 AM
NEUROSURGERY SPEAKS OPERATIONS

                                    COORDINATOR Jessica Striley      Atlanta GA                                                      Jun Muto     Tokyo Japan
                                                                 CHINESE
                                                                                                                                    Soichi Oya    Saitama Japan
                                                    Zhuoying Du      Shanghai China                                                     KOREAN
                                                  Xiaochun Jiang     Wuhu China                                                  Tae Gon Kim      Seongnam Republic of Korea
                                                         Lin Song    Beijing China                                               Sun Ha Paek      Seoul Republic of Korea
                                                    Hailiang Tang    Shanghai China                                             Hye Ran Park      Seoul Republic of Korea
                                                     Junjie Wang     Beijing China                                            Kawngwoo Park       Incheon Republic of Korea
                                                         Kai Wang    Shandong China                                          Keun Young Park      Seoul Republic of Korea
                                                       Xiang Zou     Shanghai China
                                                                                                                                     PORTUGUESE
                                                                 ENGLISH                                                Joao Paulo Almeida        São Paulo Brazil
                                                        Ali Alaraj   Chicago IL                                              José Luís Alves      Coimbra Portugal
                                                  Fadi Al Saiegh     Philadelphia PA                                 Andre Luiz Beer-Furlan       Chicago IL
                                             Cargill H Alleyne, Jr   Augusta GA                                    Andre de Macedo Bianco         São Paulo Brazil
                                         William Wallace Ashley      Baltimore MD                                         Marcos Dellaretti       Belo Horizonte Brazil
                                    Oluwakemi Aderonke Badejo        Ibadan Nigeria                              Hugo Leonardo Doria-Netto        São Paulo Brazil
                                           Garni Barkhoudarian       Santa Monica CA                                       Andrei Joaquim         Campinas Brazil
                                              Roberto Jose Diaz      Montreal Canada                                Eduardo Carvalhal Ribas       São Paulo Brazil

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                                       Mohamed Amin Soliman          Cairo Egypt
                                                                                                                                        RUSSIAN
                                                                 FRENCH                                                     Sergey Abeshaus       Nahariya Israel
                                             Georges Abi Lahoud      Paris France                                         Mikhail Gelfenbeyn      Seattle WA
                                                 Michael Bruneau     Brussels Belgium                                              Sergei Kim     Novosibirsk Russia
                                              Edouard Mazerand       Angers France                                       Vsevolod Shurhkhay       Moscow Russia
                                             Charbel Moussalem       Beirut Lebanon                                        Natalia Timchenko      Moscow Russia
                                       Ulrick Sidney Kanmounye       Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo
                                                     Marc Sindou     Lyon France                                                        SPANISH
                                                                                                                                 Carlos Alarcon   Barcelona Spain
                                                                 ITALIAN                                                       Carlos E Alvarez   Lima Peru
                                                Francesco Acerbi     Milano Italy                                          Luis Ascanio-Cortez    Boston MA
                                                Daniele Bongetta     Milan Italy                                              Juan Barges Coll    Mexico City Mexico
                                             Francesco Cardinale     Milano Italy                                              Alvaro Campero     Tucumán Argentina
                                                  Marco Cenzato      Milan Italy                                             Rodrigo Carrasco     Madrid Spain
                                                   Alfredo Conti     Messina Italy                                           Ricardo Diez Valle   Pamplona Spain
                                                 Danilo De Paulis    Caserta Italy                             Alejandro Enriquez-Marulanda       Boston MA
                                             Maurizio Iacoangeli     Ancona Italy                                                    Ariel Kaen   Sevilla Spain
                                                    Michele Rizzi    Milan Italy                                   Francisco Alberto Mannará      Buenos Aires City Argentina
                                                 Andrea Ruggeri      Rome Italy                                       Elizabeth Ogando-Rivas      Gainesville FL
                                                                                                             Ramiro Antonio Pérez-de la Torre     Mexico City Mexico
                                                                JAPANESE
                                                                                                                            Carlos Pérez-López    Madrid Spain
                                                  Masaru Aoyagi      Tokyo Japan                                     Igor Paredes Sansinenea      Madrid Spain
                                                 Kenichiro Asano     Hirosaki Japan
                                                     Toshiki Endo    Miyagi Japan                                                        GREEK
                                                Toshiaki Hayashi     Sendai Japan                                          Alexiou Georgios       Ioannina Greece
                                               Yoshinori Higuchi     Chiba City Japan                                     George Georgoulis       Athens Greece
                                                    Tomoo Inoue      Sendai Japan                                        Vasileios Kavouridis     Boston MA
                                                Hidehito Kimura      Kobe Japan                                      Themistoklis Papasilekas     Athens Greece
                                                   Ryu Kurokawa      Tochigi Japan                                        Christos Tsitsipanis    Heraklion Greece
                                              Yoshikazu Matsuda      Wakayama Japan                                         Andreas Zigouris      Ioannina Greece

Neuros_87_4_Editorialboard.indd 5                                                                                                                                               07/09/20 10:12 AM
October 2020                                            Volume 87 | Number 4                          Pages 613–857

EDITORIAL
Introduction: Medicine & Law Review Series                                                                           613
T Forcht Dagi

MEDICINE & LAW REVIEW

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614
EDITOR’S CHOICE
Contract Negotiation for Neurosurgeons: A Practical Guide
Richard Menger, Darian R. Esfahani, Robert Heary, Mateo Ziu,
Catharine A. Mazzola, Devon LeFever, Thomas Origitano,
Todd Barnes, Jeffrey Cozzens, Sherry Taylor, on behalf of the
Medical Director’s Ad-Hoc Representational Section of
Council of State Neurosurgical Societies (CSNS)

COMMENTARY (ONLINE ONLY)
Commentary: Contract Negotiation for Neurosurgeons: A Practical Guide                                              E441
James R. Bean

REVIEW

620
EDITOR’S CHOICE
A Primer on Human Brain Organoids for the Neurosurgeon
Rachel Blue, Stephen P. Miranda, Ben Jiahe Gu, H. Isaac Chen

                            On the Cover                                       Print Readers: Scan this QR code using
                            Neurosurgical studies infrequently examine         your mobile device in order to access the
                            psychiatric comorbidities or outcomes in a         online Table of Contents.
                            prospective manner. In the article featured on
                            this issue’s cover, authors prospectively
                            characterized psychiatric outcomes of selective
                            laser ablation of the amygdala and
                            hippocampus for epilepsy in two patients with
comorbid post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The cover art depicts
the surgical approach of selective laser amygdalohippocampotomy, which
was found via neuropsychological, physiological, and PTSD-related
imaging measures, to provide substantive relief of clinical PTSD
symptoms as well as putative biomarkers of PTSD. Read more on p. 796.
© Emory University, by Bona Kim. Used with permission.
COMMENTARY (ONLINE ONLY)
      Commentary: A Primer on Human Brain Organoids for the Neurosurgeon                                          E443
      Ahmed Habib, Venkata C. Kodovali, Pascal O. Zinn

      REVIEW (ONLINE ONLY)

      Design and Physical Properties of 3-Dimensional Printed Models Used for Neurointervention: A                E445
NOW   Systematic Review of the Literature
      Muhammad Waqas, Maxim Mokin, Jaims Lim, Kunal Vakharia, Michael E. Springer, Karen M. Meess,
      Richard W. Ducharme, Ciprian N. Ionita, Swetadri Vasan Setlur Nagesh, Liza C. Gutierrez,
      Kenneth V. Snyder, Jason M. Davies, Elad I. Levy, Adnan H. Siddiqui

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      COMMENTARY (ONLINE ONLY)
      Commentary: Design and Physical Properties of 3-Dimensional Printed Models Used for                         E454
      Neurointervention: A Systematic Review of the Literature
      Tyler Scullen, John D. Nerva, Peter S. Amenta, Aaron S. Dumont

      REVIEWS (ONLINE ONLY)

      E456
      EDITOR’S CHOICE

      Cell Therapies for Spinal Cord Injury: Trends and Challenges
NOW   of Current Clinical Trials
      Richard D. Bartlett, Sarah Burley, Mina Ip, James B. Phillips,
      David Choi

      The Utility of Intraoperative Lateral Spread Recording in Microvascular Decompression for Hemifacial        E473
NOW   Spasm: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
      Parthasarathy D. Thirumala, Ahmed M. Altibi, Robert Chang, Eyad E. Saca, Pragnya Iyengar, Rajiv Reddy,
      Katherine Anetakis, Donald J. Crammond, Jeffrey R. Balzer, Raymond F. Sekula

      RESEARCH—HUMAN—CLINICAL TRIALS
      Classification of Individual Finger Movements Using Intracortical Recordings in Human Motor Cortex            630
      Ahmed Jorge, Dylan A. Royston, Elizabeth C. Tyler-Kabara, Michael L. Boninger, Jennifer L. Collinger

      Increased Incidence of Intracranial Meningiomas in Patients With Acromegaly                                   639
      Julien Engelhardt, Marie-Laure Nunes, Camille Pouchieu, Amandine Ferrière, François San-Galli,
      Edouard Gimbert, Jean-Rodolphe Vignes, François Laurent, Jérôme Berge, Isabelle Baldi,
      Antoine Tabarin, Hugues Loiseau

      Entire journal content can be viewed online at www.neurosurgery-online.com                               Continues
RESEARCH—HUMAN—CLINICAL TRIALS (ONLINE ONLY)

      Sustained Long-Term Outcomes With Closed-Loop Spinal Cord Stimulation: 12-Month Results                    E485
NOW   of the Prospective, Multicenter, Open-Label Avalon Study
      Marc Russo, Charles Brooker, Michael J. Cousins, Nathan Taylor, Tillman Boesel, Richard Sullivan,
      Lewis Holford, Erin Hanson, Gerrit Eduard Gmel, Nastaran Hesam Shariati, Lawrence Poree,
      John Parker

      RESEARCH—HUMAN—CLINICAL STUDIES
      Updated Return-to-Play Recommendations for Collision Athletes After Cervical Spine Injury: A Modified        647
      Delphi Consensus Study With the Cervical Spine Research Society

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      Gregory D. Schroeder, Jose A. Canseco, Parthik D. Patel, Alan S. Hilibrand, Christopher K. Kepler,
      Srdjan M. Mirkovic, Robert G. Watkins, III, Andrew Dossett, Andrew C. Hecht,
      Alexander R. Vaccaro

      Predictive and Discriminative Power of Pressure Reactivity Indices in Traumatic Brain Injury                 655
      Lennart Riemann, Erta Beqiri, Alexander Younsi, Marek Czosnyka, Peter Smielewski

      COMMENTARY (ONLINE ONLY)
      Commentary: Predictive and Discriminative Power of Pressure Reactivity Indices in Traumatic                E496
      Brain Injury
      Jefferson W. Chen

      RESEARCH—HUMAN—CLINICAL STUDIES

      664
      EDITOR’S CHOICE
      Role of Gamma Knife Radiosurgery in Small Cell Lung Cancer:
      A Multi-Institutional Retrospective Study of the International
      Radiosurgery Research Foundation (IRRF)
      Christopher P. Cifarelli, John A. Vargo, Wei Fang, Roman Liscak,
      Khumar Guseynova, Ronald E. Warnick, Cheng-chia Lee, Huai-che Yang,
      Hamid Borghei-Razavi, Tonmoy Maiti, Zaid A. Siddiqui, Justin C. Yuan,
      Inga S. Grills, David Mathieu, Charles J. Touchette, Diogo Cordeiro,
      Veronica Chiang, Judith Hess, Christopher J. Tien, Andrew Faramand,
      Hideyuki Kano, Gene H. Barnett, Jason P. Sheehan, L. Dade Lunsford

      The Effect of Older Age on the Perioperative Outcomes of Spinal Fusion Surgery in Patients With              672
      Lumbar Degenerative Disc Disease With Spondylolisthesis: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis
      Jetan H. Badhiwala, Brij S. Karmur, Laureen D. Hachem, Jamie R. F. Wilson, Fan Jiang, Blessing Jaja,
      Aria Nouri, Christopher D. Witiw, Farshad Nassiri, Michael G. Fehlings, Jefferson R. Wilson

      Cost of Readmissions Following Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: Insights from the Nationwide         679
      Readmissions Database
      Anshit Goyal, Archis R. Bhandarkar, Mohammed Ali Alvi, Panagiotis Kerezoudis, Yagiz U. Yolcu,
      Elizabeth B. Habermann, Arjun S. Sebastian, Mohamad Bydon

      Entire journal content can be viewed online at www.neurosurgery-online.com                              Continues
Comparison of Intra- and Postoperative 3-Dimensional Digital Subtraction Angiography in Evaluation               689
of the Surgical Result After Intracranial Aneurysm Treatment
Serge Marbacher, Jenny C. Kienzler, Itai Mendelowitsch, Donato D’Alonzo, Lukas Andereggen,
Michael Diepers, Luca Remonda, Javier Fandino

Final Results of the Prospective Multicenter Excimer Laser-Assisted High-Flow Bypass Study on the                697
Treatment of Giant Anterior Circulation Aneurysms
Albert van der Zwan, Peter Vajkoczy, Sepideh Amin-Hanjani, Fady T. Charbel, Babu Welch,
Michael Tymianski, Leena Kivipelto, Sander van Thoor, Shamik Chakraborty,
Devon O’Donnell, David J. Langer

Risk Factors for Seizure Worsening After Epilepsy Surgery in Children and Adults: A Population-Based             704

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Register Study
Johan Bjellvi, Anna Edelvik Tranberg, Bertil Rydenhag, Kristina Malmgren

The Impact of Intra-Arterial Papaverine-Hydrochloride on Cerebral Metabolism and Oxygenation                     712
for Treatment of Delayed-Onset Post-Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Vasospasm
Arthur Hosmann, Wei-te Wang, Philippe Dodier, Gerhard Bavinzski, Adrian Engel, Johannes Herta,
Walter Plöchl, Andrea Reinprecht, Andreas Gruber

Return to Work Following Surgery for Incidental Diffuse Low-Grade Glioma: A Prospective Series                   720
With 74 Patients
Sam Ng, Guillaume Herbet, Sylvie Moritz-Gasser, Hugues Duffau

Predictors of Complications, Functional Outcome, and Morbidity in a Large Cohort Treated                         730
With Flow Diversion
Ahmad Sweid, Robert M. Starke, Nabeel Herial, Nohra Chalouhi, Somnath Das, Michael P. Baldassari,
Tyler D. Alexander, Stavropoula Tjoumakaris, M. Reid Gooch, David Hasan, Robert H. Rosenwasser,
Victor Romo, Pascal Jabbour

Y-Stent-Assisted Coiling With Low-Profile Neuroform Atlas Stents for Endovascular Treatment of                   744
Wide-Necked Complex Intracranial Bifurcation Aneurysms
Kubilay Aydin, Sinan Balci, Serra Sencer, Mehmet Barburoglu, Muzaffer Reha Umutlu, Anil Arat

Stereotactic Radiation as Salvage Therapy for Recurrent Rathke Cleft Cysts                                       754
Pankaj K. Agarwalla, Matthew J. Koch, Trevor J. Royce, Navid Redjal, Marc R. Bussière, Jay S. Loeffler,
Brooke Swearingen

An Effective and Practical Fluid Restriction Protocol to Decrease the Risk of Hyponatremia and                   761
Readmissions After Transsphenoidal Surgery
Dina Winograd, Kristen A. Staggers, Sherly Sebastian, Masayoshi Takashima, Daniel Yoshor, Susan L. Samson

Pipeline Embolization Device for Treatment of Extracranial Internal Carotid Artery Pseudoaneurysms:              770
A Multicenter Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy
Oluwaseun O. Akinduro, Neethu Gopal, Tasneem F. Hasan, Emad Nourollah-Zadeh, Kunal Vakharia,
Reade De Leacy, Jan-Karl Burkhardt, Junichi Yamamoto, J. Mocco, Leonardo Rangel Castilla,
Peter Tze Man Kan, Alan Boulos, Elad Levy, Rabih G. Tawk

Effect of Blood Pressure Variability During the Acute Period of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage                          779
on Functional Outcomes
Luis C. Ascanio, Alejandro Enriquez-Marulanda, Georgios A. Maragkos, Mohamed M. Salem,
Abdulrahman Y. Alturki, Krishnan Ravindran, Corey R. Fehnel, Khalid Hanafy,
Christopher S. Ogilvy, Ajith J. Thomas, Justin M. Moore

Entire journal content can be viewed online at www.neurosurgery-online.com                                  Continues
Anterior Sensorimotor Subthalamic Nucleus Stimulation Is Associated With Improved Voice Function             788
      Ahmed Jorge, Christina Dastolfo-Hromack, Witold J. Lipski, Ian H. Kratter, Libby J. Smith,
      Jackie L. Gartner-Schmidt, R. Mark Richardson

      Case Series: Unilateral Amygdala Ablation Ameliorates Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms                796
      and Biomarkers
      Kelly R. Bijanki, Sanne J. H. van Rooij, Timothy D. Ely, Jennifer S. Stevens, Cory S. Inman,
      Rebecca E. Fasano, Sierra E. Carter, Sterling J. Winters, Justin R. Baman, Daniel L. Drane,
      Tanja Jovanovic, Jon T. Willie

      What Variables Correlate With Different Clinical Outcomes of Abusive Head Injury?                            803
      Sonia Ajmera, Mustafa Motiwala, Matt Weeks, Chesney S. Oravec, David S. Hersh, Brittany D. Fraser,

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      Brandy Vaughn, Paul Klimo, Jr

      COMMENTARY (ONLINE ONLY)
      Commentary: What Variables Correlate With Different Clinical Outcomes of Abusive Head Injury?              E497
      Robert C. Rennert, Michael L. Levy

      RESEARCH—HUMAN—CLINICAL STUDIES
      Urgent Treatment for Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis: The Pittsburgh Revascularization and Treatment            811
      Emergently After Stroke (PIRATES) Protocol
      Brian T. Jankowitz, Daniel A. Tonetti, Cynthia Kenmuir, Rahul Rao, William J. Ares, Benjamin Zussman,
      Merritt W. Brown, Jeremy G. Stone, Paul A. Gardner, Robert M. Friedlander, Bradley A. Gross,
      Ashutosh P. Jadhav, Tudor G. Jovin

      Mature Imaging-Based Outcomes Supporting Local Control for Complex Reirradiation Salvage Spine               816
      Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy
      Jay S. Detsky, Timothy K. Nguyen, Young Lee, Eshetu Atenafu, Pejman Maralani, Zain Husain,
      Chia-Lin Tseng, Sten Myrehaug, Hany Soliman, Arjun Sahgal

      COMMENTARY (ONLINE ONLY)
      Commentary: Mature Imaging-Based Outcomes Supporting Local Control for Complex Reirradiation               E498
      Salvage Spine Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy
      Balamurugan A. Vellayappan, Matthew Foote, Eric L. Chang, John H. Suh, Rajiv Saigal,
      Christoph P. Hofstetter, Simon S. Lo

      RESEARCH—HUMAN—CLINICAL STUDIES (ONLINE ONLY)

      Machine Learning With Feature Domains Elucidates Candidate Drivers of Hospital Readmission                 E500
NOW   Following Spine Surgery in a Large Single-Center Patient Cohort
      Michael L. Martini, Sean N. Neifert, Eric K. Oermann, Jonathan Gal, Kanaka Rajan, Dominic A. Nistal,
      John M. Caridi

      COMMENTARY (ONLINE ONLY)
      Commentary: Machine Learning With Feature Domains Elucidates Candidate Drivers of Hospital                 E511
      Readmission Following Spine Surgery in a Large Single-Center Patient Cohort
      Rafael De la Garza Ramos, Reza Yassari

      Entire journal content can be viewed online at www.neurosurgery-online.com                              Continues
RESEARCH—LABORATORY (ONLINE ONLY)

      Avoiding New Biopsies by Identification of IDH1 and TERT Promoter Mutation in Nondiagnostic                  E513
NOW   Biopsies From Glioma Patients
      Marc Barritault, Thiébaud Picart, Delphine Poncet, Tanguy Fenouil, Anne d’Hombres, Mathieu Gabut,
      Jacques Guyotat, Emmanuel Jouanneau, Roxana Ameli, Bastien Joubert, Nathalie Streichenberger,
      Alexandre Vasiljevic, Jérôme Honnorat, David Meyronet, François Ducray

      RESEARCH—ANIMAL
      Neuroprotection in the Acute Stage Enables Functional Recovery Following Repair of Chronic Cervical            823
      Root Transection After a 3-Week Delay

                                                                                                                            Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/neurosurgery/issue/87/4 by guest on 12 December 2021
      Kai-Ting Chang, Yi-Lo Lin, Chi-Te Lin, Chen-Jei Hong, Yung-Hsin Cheng, May-Jywan Tsai,
      Wen-Cheng Huang, Yang-Hsin Shih, Yi-Yen Lee, Henrich Cheng, Ming-Chao Huang

      A Porcine Model of Peripheral Nerve Injury Enabling Ultra-Long Regenerative Distances: Surgical                833
      Approach, Recovery Kinetics, and Clinical Relevance
      Justin C. Burrell, Kevin D. Browne, John L. Dutton, Franco A. Laimo, Suradip Das, Daniel P. Brown,
      Sanford Roberts, Dmitriy Petrov, Zarina Ali, Harry C. Ledebur, Joseph M. Rosen, Hilton M. Kaplan,
      John A. Wolf, Douglas H. Smith, H. Isaac Chen, D. Kacy Cullen

      COMMENTARY (ONLINE ONLY)
      Commentary: A Porcine Model of Peripheral Nerve Injury Enabling Ultra-Long Regenerative Distances:           E520
      Surgical Approach, Recovery Kinetics, and Clinical Relevance
      Stephen Shelby Burks, Allan D. Levi

      RESEARCH—ANIMAL
      Minimally Invasive Injection to the Phrenic Nerve in a Porcine Hemidiaphragmatic Paralysis Model:              847
      A Pilot Study
      Pavlos Texakalidis, Muhibullah S. Tora, Skyler Canute, Nathan Hardcastle, Kelly Poth, Anthony Donsante,
      Thais Federici, Jeffrey Javidfar, Nicholas M. Boulis

      SPECIAL ARTICLE
      In Memoriam: A Memoir for Our Fallen “Heroes”                                                                  854
      Bipin Chaurasia, Harsh Deora, Nasser M. F. El-Ghandour, Nelson M. Oyesiku, Raushan Kumar Chaurasia,
      Michael Schulder, Jose Antonio Soriano Sanchez, Mario Teo, Juha Hernesniemi, Joseph Raynor Linzey,
      Theodore H. Schwartz, Aaron A. Cohen-Gadol, Michael Lawton, Giuseppe Umana, Jorge Mura,
      Andre Grotenhuis, Ajit K. Sinha, Henry W. S. Schroeder, Sabareesh Natarajan, Michael E. Sughrue,
      Robert F. Spetzler, Katharine Drummond, Rokuya Tanikawa, Paulo Abdo do Seixo Kadri, Yoko Kato,
      Charles Teo, Ashish Suri, Santino Ottavio Tomasi, Peter A. Winkler, Gianluca Scalia, Nicolas Sampron,
      Lukas Rasulic, Paolo Cappabianca, Marco M. Fontanella, Edward R. Laws, Jr

      CORRESPONDENCE (ONLINE ONLY)
      Letter: May Cooler Heads Prevail During a Pandemic: Stroke in COVID-19 Patients or COVID-19                  E522
      in Stroke Patients?
      Ali M. Alawieh, Alejandro M. Spiotta

      Entire journal content can be viewed online at www.neurosurgery-online.com                                Continues
Letter: Neurosurgeons and Curves: The Need for Critical Appraisal of Modeling in the Post-COVID Era   E523
Jacob R. Lepard, James M. Markert, Beverly C. Walters

Letter: High Prevalence of Developmental Venous Anomaly in Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Gliomas:         E525
A Pediatric Control Study
David P. Bray, Bryan E. Buster, Andrew B. Boucher, David M. Wrubel

In Reply: High Prevalence of Developmental Venous Anomaly in Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Gliomas:       E527
A Pediatric Control Study
Alexandre Roux, Nathalie Boddaert, Pascale Varlet, Johan Pallud

Letter: Radiosurgical Management of Patients With Persistent or Recurrent Cushing Disease After       E528

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Prior Transsphenoidal Surgery: A Management Algorithm Based on a 25-Year Experience
Shweta Kedia, Dattaraj P. Sawarkar, Rajinder Kumar

Letter: Patient Satisfaction Ratings of Male and Female Residents Across Subspecialties               E529
Ahmed Ansari

In Reply: Patient Satisfaction Ratings of Male and Female Residents Across Subspecialties             E530
Methma Udawatta, Vera Ong, Courtney Duong, Yasmine Alkhalid, Thien Nguyen, Jos’lyn Woodard,
Isaac Yang

Letter: Guidelines for Non-Medical Field Personnel in Immediate Management of Craniofacial            E533
Baseball Injuries: The Neurosurgeon’s Role
Annelise C. Sprau, Javier M. Figueroa, Ricardo J. Komotar, Jonathan R. Jagid, Seth R. Thaller

CORRIGENDUM                                                                                            857

DEPARTMENTS
Calendar of Events                                                                                    N11
Next Month in Neurosurgery                                                                            N12

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