2019 Senior Horse Bowl Questions
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2019 Senior Horse Bowl Questions
The questions will be mixed up within each round
(i.e. not in same order they are now).
Any questions not used in 2019 will automatically
roll into 2020.
If you have questions or need clarification, email
mrrussell@uaex.edu with question.
Recommended sources to find answers:
New Horizons – Dictionary of Equine Terms. By New
Horizons Equine Education Center, Alpine Publications,
Inc.
Evans 2nd – The Horse (2nd Edition) by Evans, Borton,
Hintz, Van Vleck,
Kainer – The Coloring Atlas of Horse Anatomy. Dr. Robert
Kainer and Dr. Thomas McCracken, Alpine Publications,
Inc.
AYHC 1st – Horse Industry Handbook, by the American
Youth Horse Council, American Youth Horse Council.
AYHC Youth Leaders Manual – by the American Youth
Horse Council.
Lewis 2nd – Feeding and Care of the Horse (2nd edition), by
Lon D. Lewis, 456 pgs.
State line tack catalog
National 4-H Horse Curriculum Books:
o Giddy up and Go
o Head, Heart, and Hooves
o Stable Relationships
o Riding the Range
o Jumping to new Heights
11. A muscular disorder that follows heavy exercise is commonly called what?
2. What happens when a horse is fed high levels of calcium for long periods of time?
3. What are the names of the first two vertebrae?
4. Name the type of horseshoes used mostly on the hind feet to stabilize the break-over of
the foot.
5. Name the three thoracic vertebrae that form the horse’s withers.
6. What is the name for the transparent membrane forming the front part of the eyeball of
the horse?
7. What are the 5 types of horse body fluids?
8. Give two other terms for the right side of the horse.
9. Name a riding event where unconditioned horses are predisposed to thumps?
10. What is the name of the tool that farriers use to bend over the end of a horse show nail?
11. What is the term for the convex profile of a horse’s face?
12. In reference to the evolution of the breed, why is it believed that for their body size,
Arabian horse have large hooves?
13. Cystitis is the inflammation of what organ?
14. What term describes producing offspring from parents having common ancestry?
15. The hoof wall grows at a rate of how much per month?
16. What bone is located between the cannon bone and the short pastern bone?
17. Why is a horse or mule with little or no withers undesirable as a pack animal?
18. Exercise involves the conversion of chemical energy to what type of energy?
19. Name the two major components of blood.
20. What is the purpose of an anti-sweat sheet?
221. List two gaits that do not have a stride suspension phase
22. What do you call the cereal grain plant residue after removal of the grain or seeds?
23. What is the largest bone in the horse’s head?
24. Which part of the horse’s digestive tract has the largest capacity?
25. What is the general term for inflammation of the skin?
26. What is the most common infectious respiratory disease of the horse?
27. In general terms, what is encephalitis?
28. What is the function of the short bones?
29. Name the two most important dietary “energy” components in a horse’s feed.
30. What is the structural basis for the ears and nostrils?
31. Name the two small bones found at the base of the horse’s cannon bone that form the
back part of the fetlock joint.
32. What is the “key” to a successful parasite control program?
33. Name the type of horseshoe used mostly on the hind feet to stabilize the break over of the
foot.
34. What type of forage is prone to make horses slobber a great deal?
35. What system produces chemical substances called hormones?
36. Describe the conformation fault: roached back.
37. The knee is also known as what?
38. The soluble carbohydrates are digested and absorbed where?
39. Where are genes located?
40. What does colostrum contain that help’s the foal’s resistance against infectious diseases?
41. On what area of the horse does “wet mange” usually first appear?
342. What is the term for the point on the front edge of the hoof where it last touches the
ground at liftoff for each step?
43. What part of the hoof produces the wax – like substance that covers the outer surface of
the wall and seals it from excess drying?
44. What is the name of the eczema that affects the fetlock and the heel areas?
45. What feed additive is commonly used to reduce dust and increase palatability of a feed?
46. What is the term for a chemical substance produced by fungi or mold that inhibit or
destroy bacteria or other micro-organisms, and are used primarily in the treatment of
infectious diseases?
47. What is the most common cause of colic?
48. Name the oily, waxy secretion that coats the horse’s hair coat to protect it from over-
wetting and increases its’ insulating ability.
49. What is the name of the infection caused by an anaerobic organism that cased necrosis of
the frog and a foul smell?
50. How should a hoof pick be used?
51. What is the most common blemish of the hind limbs?
52. Name four flight or fight vices of the horse.
53. What is often the only way to determine if the back lower molars have hooks?
54. What is the purpose of screening or dragging your pastures to spread out manures piles?
55. What joint is commonly referred to as the yes-no joint?
56. Name the five main types of nutrients for horses?
57. There are four types of hock Spavin. Name them.
58. To what side of the heart does blood return from the body?
459. High amounts of phosphorus and low amounts of calcium in the diet can cause what
disease?
60. Cottonseed meal, linseed meal, and sunflower meal are what type of feed?
61. Combined immunodeficiency disease affects horses of what breed or breeding?
62. What is the accumulation of excess fluids in the tissue under the skin causing diffuse
swelling of the area called?
63. In relation to a horse’s health, name four vital signs that one should assess.
64. What is the blemish called that is a soft, puffy, fluid filled swellings occurring around a
joint capsule, tendon sheath or bursa usually on the lower leg.
65. The skin is a vital part of the horse’s body. Name four functions of the skin.
66. What is Vitamin D responsible for?
67. What is the Mandible?
68. What is the act of giving birth called?
69. What type of colic is not life-threatening, results from change of diet and can be
associated with over excitement?
70. What breed characteristically has vertically striped hooves?
71. Which legume is noted for sometimes having a mold infection that may cause a horse to
slobber?
72. Describe the function of synovial fluid.
73. Where do bot larvae attach themselves?
74. What trace mineral is needed for muscle formation and function?
75. What is meant by the phrase a horse is full-mouthed?
76. Approximately what percent of total body calcium is contained in the skeleton and teeth?
577. What is the name of the condition where the frog is narrow and shrunken and the heels of
the foot are pulled together?
78. What vitamin is responsible for the health of the eye and the tissue of the nasal passages,
lungs and digestive system?
79. The depression at the bottom surface of the frog is called what?
80. Name two unsoundness’s of the horse’s hocks?
81. What is the normal amount of time for capillary perfusion to return during a capillary
refill test?
82. What is the main purpose of a cavesson?
83. What is the name of the pigment in a horse’s skin?
84. Over which section of the vertebral column does most of the saddle fit?
85. What is the common name for the parasite that hatches between the horse’s jaw bone,
crawls into the mouth and burrows between the molar teeth; where they remain until the
second stage of molting and are then swallowed to complete the third stage of
development?
86. Name the artery that carries oxygen poor blood from the heart to the lungs.
87. How many fused flat bones form the cranial cavity?
88. How many pairs of chromosomes are responsible for the sex of a foal?
89. What Paint horse color pattern is described as having excessive white on the legs and
face, irregular splashes and roaning of white on the belly and body?
90. Fullering, web, and branch are all parts of what horse item?
91. Explain the difference between a Split Ear bridle and a Slip Ear bridle.
92. What is the most economical protein supplement fed to horses?
693. What function do long bones serve?
94. Which grain when fed in excess may form a dough-ball in the horse’s stomach?
95. Name three different types of horse racing.
96. In what part of the female reproductive tract is estrogen produced?
97. Give three examples of trace minerals recommended in a horse’s diet.
98. How is the respiratory rate determined?
99. What is desmitis?
100. What is the term for the condition when a horse’s foot may become smaller at the
bottom or ground surface that at the top of the foot?
101. What is the pouch at the junction of the small intestine and colon called?
102. What is the term for a condition of increased sensitivity to a specific protein, which may
result in a rash, hives, sneezing or respiratory difficulties?
103. Which is the most important factor affecting the quality of forage at the time of harvest?
104. What is the oxygen carrying complex in blood called?
105. The ovary is responsible for the production of which two female hormones?
106. With a horse that has quarter cracks, what type of shoe can be used to transfer weight
from the wall of the hoof to the frog?
107. Delivery in which the foals rump or hind feet are presented first in the birth canal is
called what?
108. What is a more common name for the worm known as nematodes?
109. Bilateral muscular incoordination and paddling of the hind feet are symptoms of what?
110. What is the term for the type of shoeing job when the farrier uses the same set of shoes
for a second time?
7111. Name three different types of wounds.
112. What is the name of the largest metacarpal?
113. What does the acronym A. I. stand for when discussing horse breeding?
114. What is the name for the soft, spongy wedge-shaped structure on the bottom of the
horse’s foot?
115. During what time period are most foals born?
116. What is a parasite?
117. What is a dry lot?
118. What is the term for how much blood the heart can pump in one minute?
119. What is the best way to control hemorrhage?
120. What is the term for a neck that is convex in shape?
121. What is the term for the distance between successive imprints of the same foot?
122. Name the part of the horse’s foot that lies above the frog and is responsible for
absorbing concussion to the foot?
123. Describe what parts of the horse interfere when a horse “forges”.
124. Horses with thin, brittle hoof walls, can benefit from being fed what two nutrients?
125. Cosmetically speaking, give one way the Suffolk Draft horse differs from the other
British breeds of draft horses?
126. What is the axial skeleton?
127. What is the name for the part of the horse located at the junction of the neck and back?
128. What disease is present when the horse’s blood does not clot in a normal amount of
time?
8129. When used in regard to horses, this term indicates dominance hierarchy or order of
dominance.
130. When training a young horse what must be specific and consistent?
131. What is pulmonary hemorrhage or “bleeders”?
132. Name the two bones which make up the forearm.
133. What do the letters ECG stand for when detecting heart activity?
134. What is a vector when discussing insects?
135. Where is the primary site for water absorption?
136. What type of shot or where is a subcutaneous shot administered?
137. During evolution, what major change have the eyes made?
138. The umbilical cord is located between what two structures?
139. Which endocrine tissue produces insulin?
140. If a horse is experiencing renal failure, what part of the horse’s body is not functioning
properly?
141. What part of the digestive system is the site for a major portion of nutrient absorption?
142. A horse with chronic founder may not show pain but how may it move?
143. Two part question. How should concentrate feeds be measured for horses and give an
example why.
144. Name the part of the horse’s foot that lies above the frog and is responsible for
absorbing concussion the foot?
145. What is neonatal in terms of horse breeding?
146. There is a narrow strip below the coronary band (like the human cuticle) that produces a
seal for the outside surface of the hoof. What is this called?
9147. What is the system of the horse that consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder and the
urethra?
148. In what type of event are rubber reins commonly used?
149. What is the name for a slower than normal heartbeat?
150. A brownish-green colored urine is an indicator of what?
151. Excessive and involuntary, spasmodic flexion of the hock during sharp turns, while
backing, or in forward motion is called what?
152. What are the two most important aspects of ideal conformation of the forelimbs?
153. In reference to hay, what part of the plant is the least digestible for a horse?
154. What is an anthelmintic?
155. An enlargement at the point of hock that is usually caused by bruising is called what?
156. White muscle disease in young foals is caused by a deficiency of what trace nutrient?
157. Name three different types of grass forage.
158. What is the name for the conformation defect where the upper teeth extend beyond the
lower teeth?
159. What is necrosis on a horse’s skin?
160. What is meant by the term forage quality?
161. What is the capacity of the stomach of the horse?
162. In the ideal hoof, which part supports most of the horse’s weight?
163. What bone does ring-bone affect?
164. What is a degenerative condition of the frog called?
165. What term identifies the crease in a horseshoe where the nail holes are found?
166. Where on the horse would you find the thoracic limbs?
10167. Name two major carbohydrates in horse feed.
168. Which lethal genetic defect can result from mating two overo paint horses?
169. What is the band located at the hairline along the top of the hoof?
170. What portion of the hoof should never bear weight?
171. A red dorsal strip appears with which coat color? (Only need to give one)
172. What part of the skull protects the eye?
173. A machine made, pre-sized horseshoe is known as what?
174. What is thrush?
175. What is the collective name for the membranes that surround the growing fetus?
176. Horse with sickle hocks are predisposed to what problem?
177. What is the oxygen carrying complex in blood called?
178. Where is 65 percent of a horse’s digestive capacity located?
179. What is another name for Equine Periodic Ophthalmia?
180. When stimulated by certain odors or by pain, a horse may stretch out his neck and head
and curl his lip upward. What is this called?
181. Bilateral muscular incoordination and paddling of the hind feet are symptoms of what?
182. Name four qualities of a good stall floor.
183. What is the term for the junction between the head and neck that reaches from ear to
ear?
184. The respiratory system is said to have two main functions. What are they?
185. Name 3 ways forage can be processed.
186. What part of the skull encloses and protects the brain?
187. Protein consists of many __________ bonded together?
11188. Name the unsoundness that causes excessive pressure on the 3rd phalanx or coffin bone.
189. In reference to race horses, what is the difference between a breeze and a blowout?
190. What is the oxygen carrying complex in blood called?
191. The point of the frog toward the toe is referred to as what?
192. What is an “obligate parasite”?
193. On average, how many days are there between a mare’s heat cycles?
194. Name the four states of the life cycle of the horse fly.
195. What do all of the artificial gaits have in common?
196. The National High School Rodeo Association was created by whom?
197. Approximately how much water will a mature horse drink in one day?
198. Where are the uterine horns located?
199. What is the common name for Equine Spinal Ataxia?
200. Name the four classification of bones.
201. What is a broom tail?
202. The distal sesamoid bone is also called what?
203. What term describes a horse with a convex backbone?
204. What mineral deficiency will cause rickets in young horses?
205. What is dystocia?
206. What is the name for the amount of air inspired and expired during a normal breath?
207. Which gait has been called the ‘nearly ideal form of locomotion’ and is known as the
“mother of all gaits”?
208. What is the term used for a localized collection of pus in the tissues of the body, often
accompanied by swelling and inflammation?
12209. Shipping wraps should cover what part of the horse’s legs?
210. What term describes the protrusion of the horse’s intestines, through an opening in the
muscle, causing a swelling or lump in the naval area?
211. What is the name of the bone that creates the slope of the shoulder?
212. How is the plant maturity of legume grasses visually determined?
213. How do horses naturally stay warm during the winter?
214. Give two functions of clips on horseshoes.
215. Name three stimuli that trigger the response of shivering in horses.
216. Which endocrine tissue produces insulin?
217. Name the plant substance that the horse’s body tissue can convert to vitamin A.
218. What is a foaling problem called that prevents delivery of the foal by the mare’s efforts
alone?
219. Where is the part of the horse called the dock located?
220. What is the name for an enlargement on the front of the cannon between the knee and
the fetlock joints?
221. What is the result of breeding a horse to a donkey?
222. What is the most economical source of supplemental protein for horses?
223. What is the result of an iodine deficient diet?
224. When referring to the process of a disease, what does “acute” mean?
225. What tribe of American Indians is noted for breeding Appaloosa horses?
226. What is conjunctivitis?
227. The first effect of inadequate water intake is decreased what?
228. Define an “essential” amino acid.
13229. Conjunction affects what part of the horse?
230. What is the common name of the scapula?
231. What is the horny growth on the inside of the horse’s leg?
232. What is the name for a practice that is used to identify mares in estrus?
233. Name the two most important dietary “energy” components in a horse’s feed.
234. Name three vital signs that are assessed when examining a horse.
235. Name two feral breeds of horse or pony native to the United States?
236. Describe what happens when the horse’s lacrimal duct is plugged up.
237. Where are B vitamins synthesized?
238. What is another term for distemper?
239. For what purpose was man’s earliest use of the horse?
240. Name three basic styles of English girth.
241. _____________ is a condition of acid accumulation in the body due to disruption
of the normal acid-base balance; may be caused by overworking an unfit horse.
242. ___________ is a term used to indicate that the horse appears to have enough
height and/or thickness of bone for his size. It generally reflects personal opinion.
243. The influenza virus can travel distances of at least how many yards?
244. Name the infection that localizes in the lungs and is characterized by the walls of
the Alveoli being irritated and filled with fluid.
245. The brain, brain stems, and spinal cord make up what system in the horse?
246. What four parts make up the cardiovascular system?
247. Name the three bones found in the horse’s hoof.
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