2019-2020 Catalog - Apogee Instruments
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Product Line 4 Net Radiometers 5 Thermopile Pyranometers We are often amazed by the incredible places our sensors are 6 Silicon-cell Pyranometers and Meters used. We love when customers send pictures of Apogee sensors 8 Pyrgeometers in action, especially in rugged conditions. Ensuring our sensors NEW 9 Photometric Sensors perform in harsh elements is one of our passions, which is why 10 Lab Spectroradiometers we constantly and creatively stress-test our products at our headquarters and treasure customer feedback from the field. 11 Field Spectroradiometers Whenever a weakness is detected, we will tweak our design until NEW 12 Quantum Sensors and Meters we get it right. This is hard and frustrating work. But when we NEW 16 PAR-FAR Sensors see pictures like those to the right, it's gratifying. We cherish our 17 Red - Far Red Sensors NEW reputation of quality at Apogee Instruments and intend to keep it that way. NEW 18 NDVI and PRI Sensors 19 Chlorophyll Concentration Meter 20 Infrared Radiometers and Meters Apogee Instruments. Designed by scientists, for scientists. 22 Fan-aspirated Radiation Shield 23 Humidity Probes 24 Temperature and Barometric Pressure Sensors 25 Leaf and Bud Temperature Sensors 26 Oxygen Sensors and Meters NEW 27 Coming Soon 2 apogeeinstruments.com
Net Radiometer Accurate measurement in a compact design High Accuracy Measure all four components of net radiation with a digital output that saves datalogger channels. Comparable accuracy to industry-leading competition in long-term field testing with a smaller housing and at a fraction of the price. Heated Sensors SN-500-SS Each sensor includes a 0.2 W heater to minimize errors from dew, frost, rain, Input Voltage Range 5.5 to 16 V DC (heaters are optimized to run and snow that can block the radiation path. at 12 V DC) Heaters on, communication enabled: 63 mA; Case Study Current Draw (12 V DC Heaters off, communication enabled: 1.5 mA; Apogee Instruments' net radiometers are used by Alaska Electric Light & Supply Voltage) Heaters off, communication disabled: 0.6 mA Power in avalanche forecasting. Response Time (using 1 s (SDI-12 data transfer rate; detector SDI-12 Protocol) response times are 0.5 s) Heaters (sensors 62 mA current draw and 740 mW power individually heated) requirement at 12 V DC Operating Environment -50 to 80 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity Dimensions 116 mm length, 45 mm width, 66 mm height 320 g (with mounting rod and 5 m of lead Mass wire) M8 connector (IP68 rating) to interface to sensor housing; 5 m of four conductor, Cable shielded, twisted-pair wire with TPR jacket; pigtail lead wires *For individual sensor specifications, view the thermopile pyranometer and pyrgeometer pages. 4 apogeeinstruments.com Photo credit: Alaska Electric Light & Power
Thermopile Pyranometers Blackbody accuracy with a compact design SP-510-SS SP-610-SS (Upward-Looking) (Downward-Looking) ISO 9060:2018 Class C Sensitivity (variable from sensor to sensor, typical 0.057 mV per W m⁻² 0.15 mV per W m⁻² values listed) Calibration Factor (variable from sensor to 17.5 W m⁻² per mV 6.7 W m⁻² per mV Cost-Effective Design sensor, typical values listed) The thermopile, blackbody detector results in significant spectral Calibration Uncertainty ±5% response improvements over silicon-cell pyranometers. A small design Output Type 0 to 114 mV 0 to 300 mV keeps the price low and optimizes power requirement for the 0.2 W heater that minimizes errors from dew, frost, and snow. Measurement Range 0 to 2000 W m⁻² (net shortwave irradiance) Measurement Repeatability Less than 1 % Accurate, Stable Measurements Directional errors are less than 30 W m⁻² at 80° solar zenith angle with Long-term Drift Less than 2 % per year less than 2 % drift per year. Non-linearity Less than 1 % Detector Response Time 0.5 s Outputs and Options 0 to 114 mV range. A downward sensor is available for measuring Field of View 180° 150° shortwave reflectance, or can be combined with an upward-looking Spectral Range (50 % points) 385 to 2105 nm 295 to 2685 nm sensor to measure albedo. Directional (Cosine) Less than 30 W m⁻² Less than 20 % for an- Response at 80° solar zenith gles between 0 and 60° SP-510 Temperature Response Less than 5 % from -15 to 45 C Zero Offset A Less than 5 W m⁻²; Less than 10 W m⁻² (heated) Zero Offset B Less than 5 W m⁻² SP-510 Operating Environment -50 to 80 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity 780 Ω, 15.4 mA current draw and 185 mW Heater power requirement at 12 V DC Uncertainty in Daily Total Less than 5 % Dimensions 23.5 mm diameter, 28.7 mm height SP-610 Mass 90 g 100 g apogeeinstruments.com 5
Silicon-cell Pyranometers and Meters Accurate and stable global shortwave radiation measurement Proven Design An accurate, cosine-corrected patented design sheds water and dirt for a self-cleaning performance. A heated option (SP-230) is available with a 0.2 W heater to minimize errors caused by dew, frost, or snow. Top: Mean relative response of ten Case Study Apogee model SP-110 pyranometers and Korea Water Resource Corporation uses a mean relative response of four reference configuration of eight Apogee SP-110 Silicon- pyranometers (Kipp & Zonen models cell Pyranometers and weather data from wind, CM11, CMP11, CM21; Hukseflux model temperature, and humidity sensors to find the SR20) compared to ideal angular (cosine) best location for floating photovoltaic power response in a vacuum. Differences from the plants. ideal response are caused by atmospheric attenuation of solar radiation, which increases as solar zenith angle increases. Bottom: Mean angular response (error as function of solar zenith angle) of ten Apogee model SP-110 pyranometers, where the mean of the four reference pyranometers was used as the reference. 6 apogeeinstruments.com
Sensor Models Meter Models SP-230 SP-110 0 to 350 mV Self-powered MP-100 Integrated Sensor SP-230 0 to 350 mV All-season Heated MP-200 Separate Sensor SP-212 0 to 2.5 V Amplified SP-214 4 to 20 mA Amplified SP-215 0 to 5 V Amplified SP-420 USB Digital SP-421 SDI-12 Digital MP-200 SP-422 Modbus Digital SP-110-SS SP-212-SS SP-214-SS SP-215-SS SP-230-SS SP-420 SP-421-SS SP-422-SS ISO 9060:2018 Class C 7 to 24 V DC, maxi- 12 V DC for heater 3.3 to 24 V DC; mum current draw of 5.5 to 24 V DC; Power Supply Self-powered with a current draw — — 5.5 to 24 V current draw 10 μA 22 mA (2 mA quies- current draw 10 μA of 15.4 mA cent current draw) Output (sensitivity) 0.2 mV per W m⁻² 2 mV per W m⁻² 0.008 mA per W m⁻² 4 mV per W m⁻² 0.2 mV per W m⁻² USB SDI-12 Modbus Calibration Factor (reciprocal 125 W m⁻² per mA, 5 W m⁻² per mV 0.5 W m⁻² per mV 0.25 W m⁻² per mV 5 W m⁻² per mV Custom for each sensor and stored in firmware of output) 4 mA offset Calibration Uncertainty ±5% Measurement Repeatability Less than 1 % Long-term Drift Less than 2 % per year Non-linearity Less than 1 % up to 2000 W m⁻² Software updates Response Time Less than 1 ms Less than 0.6 s 320 ms every second Field of View 180° Spectral Range 360 to 1120 nm Directional (Cosine) Response ± 5 % at 75° zenith angle Temperature Response 0.04 ± 0.04 % per C Operating Environment -40 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity; can be submerged in water up to 30 m 23.5 mm diameter; Dimensions 24 mm diameter, 33 mm height 44 mm height Mass (with 5 m of cable) 90 g 177 g apogeeinstruments.com 7
Pyrgeometers Incoming and outgoing longwave radiation measurement SL-510-SS SL-610-SS (Upward-Looking) (Downward-Looking) 0.12 mV per W m⁻² (variable from sensor to sensor, Sensitivity typical value listed) Calibration factor 8.5 W m⁻² (variable from sensor to sensor, typical (Reciprocal of Sensitivity) value listed) Calibration Uncertainty ±5% Accurate, Stable Measurements Long-term drift is less than 2 % per year. Measurement Range -200 to 200 W m⁻² (net longwave irradiance) Measurement Rugged, Self-Cleaning Housing Less than 1 % Features a rugged anodized aluminum body and fully-potted Repeatability electronics. Long-term Drift Less than 2 % change in sensitivity per year Non-linearity Less than 1 % On-board Heater Response Time Less than 0.5 s A 0.2 W heater keeps water off the sensor and minimizes errors caused by dew, frost, rain, or snow blocking the radiation path. Field of View 150° Spectral Range 5 to 30 μm Unique Design Temperature Response Less than 5 % from -15 to 45 C The filter, blackbody thermopile detector and thermistor (to measure detector temperature) are all contained in a compact housing that Window Heating Offset Less than 10 W m⁻² provides improved thermal coupling. Zero Offset B Less than 5 W m⁻² Tilt Error Less than 0.5 % Upward and Downward Option Uncertainty in Daily Total ±5% Temperature Sensor 30 kΩ thermistor, ± 1 C tolerance at 25 C Output from Thermistor 0 to 2500 mV (typical, other voltages can be used) Input Voltage Requirement 2500 mV excitation (typical, other voltages can be for Thermistor used) 780 Ω, 15.4 mA current draw and 185 mW power Heater requirement at 12 V DC Dimensions 27.5 mm height, 23.5 mm diameter SL-610 Mass 90 g 100 g SL-510 8 apogeeinstruments.com
Photometric Sensors Measure light with the sensitivity of the human eye NEW! SE-100-SS SE-202-SS SE-205-SS SE-212-SS SE-215-SS Overview Power Supply ― 3.3 to 24 V DC 5.5 to 24 V DC 3.3 to 24 V DC 5.5 to 24 V DC Apogee photometric radiometers use a Current Draw ― maximum of 10 μA photodetector with a spectral response that closely Output (sensitivity) 0.001 mV per lux 0.5 mV per Iux 1 mV per Iux 0.0167 mV per lux 0.033 mV per lux matches the sensitivity of the human eye to light. The sensors include a diffuser to properly weight Calibration Factor 1000 Iux per mV 2 Iux per mV 1 lux per mV 60 lux per mV 30 lux per mV light incident from any angle. Apogee photometric Calibration sensors provide highly accurate illuminance ±5% Uncertainty measurements (lux or footcandles) at an affordable Output Range 0 to 200 mV 0 to 2500 mV 0 to 5000 mV 0 to 2500 mV 0 to 5000 mV price. Measurement Range 0 to 200 kIux 0 to 5000 lux 0 to 150000 lux Models Apogee currently offers one analog model Measurement (SE-100) available for sale with other outputs and Less than 0.5 % Repeatability measurement ranges coming soon. Long-term Drift Less than 2 % per year Non-linearity Less than 1 % Spectral Response Response Time Less than 1 ms Spectral Range CIE 1931 luminous efficiency function Relative Response to Photons Field of View 180° Directional (Cosine) ± 2 % at 45°, ± 5 % at 75° Response Temperature Less than 0.1 % per C Response Operating -40 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity Environment Dimensions 30.5 mm diameter, 36.6 mm height Mass 51 g Wavelength [nm] Cable 5 m of shielded, twisted-pair wire with TPR jacket and stainless steel connector apogeeinstruments.com 9
Field Spectroradiometers Easy-to-use, cost-effective SS-110 SS-120 Wavelength Range 340 to 820 nm 635 to 1100 nm Wavelength Measurement Interval 1 nm Wavelength Resolution 3 nm (full width half maximum) Wavelength Accuracy ± 0.5 nm Wavelength Repeatability ± 0.2 nm Analog to Digital Resolution 14 bit Wavelength Range Options 340 to 820 nm (SS-110) and 635 to 1100 nm Signal to Noise Ratio 1500:1 (at maximum signal) (SS-120) wavelengths. Stray Light ≤ 0.25 % at 590 nm ≤ 0.25 % at 850 nm Dark Noise ≤ 3 counts Complete Package Includes spectroradiometer and cosine- Integration Time Range 10 ms to 10 s corrected detector mounted in the housing, Measurement Sensitivity Greater than 10 % of max sensitivity for Greater than 10 % of max sensitivity for 180° FOV head, AL-200 leveling plate, USB wavelengths greater than 380 nm wavelengths less than 1030 nm cable for computer interface, carrying case, Less than 1 % (wavelengths greater than Less than 1 % (wavelengths less than and USB drive with required drivers and Measurement Repeatability 400 nm) 1020 nm) software (Windows compatible, XP and later; Directional (Cosine) Response ± 5 % at 75° zenith angle Mac compatible, 10.9 and later). Field of View 180° (upward-facing); 25° or 150° (downward-facing) Unattended Field Measurements Operating Environment -20 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity Spectroradiometer is small and lightweight Temperature Response -0.1 ± 0.1 % per C with all measurement components contained Irradiance Calibration Uncertainty ±5% in the durable, waterproof Current Draw 190 mA during measurement and when idle (USB) housing. Power Power Requirement 1 W (USB) consumption Interface Cable 5 m PVC jacket with USB (for computer) is low (1 W at 12 V DC) Apogee Spectrovision (Windows compatible, XP and later; Mac compatible, 10.9 and Software later) with automatic temperature Operating Environment -20 to 70 C, 0 to 100 % relative humidity compensation. Thread Size (for Mounting) ¼"-20 Dimensions 89.3 mm height, 50.8 mm width, 38.1 mm depth Mass 300 g Warranty 1 year against defects in materials and workmanship 10 apogeeinstruments.com
Lab Spectroradiometers Absolute spectral measurement across a wide wavelength range PS-100 PS-200 PS-300 Irradiance Calibration 350 to 1000 nm 300 to 850 nm 300 to 1000 nm Range Wavelength Sensitivity 350 to 1150 nm 190 to 850 nm 220 to 1100 nm Wavelength Resolution 1 nm 0.85 nm 1.5 nm Detector Type CCD, 2048 pixel Three Wavelength Options 350 to 1000 nm, 300 to 850 nm, or 300 to 1000 nm. Holographic & Holographic and aberration-corrected, Grating Type Ruled, 600 g/nm 590 g/nm Complete Package Digitizer 16-bit Includes spectroradiometer, two meter fiber-optic cable, cosine- corrected detector, AL-200 leveling plate, USB cable, USB drive Signal to Noise Ratio 1000:1 with required drivers and software (compatible with all 32-bit and Stray Light 0.1 % at 435 nm, 0.02 % at 435 nm, 0.02 % at 435 nm, 64-bit Windows operating systems), and shoulder bag (functions 0.5 % at 600 nm 0.2 % at 200 nm 0.2 % at 220 nm as a carrying case and field measurement pack). A reflectance Measurement probe and reflectance standard are available as accessories. Less than 1 % Repeatability Irradiance Calibration Portable Lab and Field Measurements ± 10 % Features a small design with a rugged housing and no moving Uncertainty parts. Spectroradiometer is powered through the USB port on a Detector Integration 1 ms to 65 s computer allowing mobile measurements. (Exposure) Range Directional (Cosine) ± 5 % at 80° zenith angle Response Software Windows compatible, included Computer Interface USB 2.0 PS-200/ Power Requirement 100 mA at 5 V DC, supplied via USB cable PS-300 PS-100 Operating Temperature 0 to 60 C Optical Cable 2 m armored fiber-optic 25 mm x 75 mm Base Unit Size 69 mm x 100 mm x 150 mm x 125 mm Mass 500 g 900 g Warranty 1 year against defects in materials and workmanship apogeeinstruments.com 11
Quantum Sensors and Meters The photosynthetically active radiation measurement tool of choice for lighting researchers Original Sensor NEW Color for 2019! Full-spectrum Sensor Original (sun Original (elec- Full-Spectrum calibration) tric calibration) (SQ-500 Series) Apogee Instruments Quantum Sensors are the Radiation Source PPFD Error [%] PPFD Error [%] PPFD Error [%] tool of choice for researchers and agricultural Sun (Clear Sky) 0.0 -15.0 0.0 professionals measuring photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) all over the world. Apogee offers Sun (Cloudy Sky) 0.1 -14.9 0.1 two types of quantum sensors: a Full-spectrum Reflected from Grass Canopy 4.5 -10.5 -0.3 Quantum (previously gold) and Original Quantum Sensor. Consult our spectral response graph to Transmitted below Wheat Canopy 4.5 -10.5 0.1 decide which model is right for your application. Cool White Fluorescent (T5) 14.9 0.0 0.1 Metal Halide 12.2 -2.8 0.9 Ceramic Metal Halide -1.1 -16.1 0.3 High Pressure Sodium 15.2 0.2 0.0 Blue LED (448 nm peak, 20 nm full-width half-max) 4.5 -10.5 -0.7 Green LED (524 nm peak, 30 nm full-width half-max) 23.8 8.8 3.2 Red LED (635 nm peak, 20 nm full-width half-max) 17.6 2.6 0.8 Red LED (667 nm peak, 20 nm full-width half-max) -47.1 -62.1 2.8 Red, Blue LED Mixture (84 % Red, 16 % Blue) -57.8 -72.8 -3.9 Red, White LED Mixture -20.5 -35.5 -2.0 Cool White LED 11.7 -3.3 0.5 Warm White LED 6.1 -8.9 0.2 Above: Spectral response of original quantum sensor (black) and full-spectrum quantum sensor (blue) compared to Neutral White LED 9.9 -5.1 0.5 defined response of plants to radiation (dashed). Blue Plus T5 (cool white fluorescent) 8.2 -6.8 -0.1 12 apogeeinstruments.com
MQ-500 MQ-200 Accurate, Stable Measurements Original Sensor Models Calibration Case Study Cost-effective, original quantum sensors SQ-110 Self-powered 0 to 800 mV Sun The Center for Andean Forestry Research work well for broadband radiation SQ-120 Self-powered 0 to 800 mV Electric and Extension (CIEFAP) studies forest sources (sun, and high-pressure sodium, SQ-212 Amplified 0 to 2.5 V Sun systems and land suitable for forestry metal halide, cool white fluorescent SQ-222 Amplified 0 to 2.5 V Electric in the Andean region of Patagonia, lamps), while full-spectrum sensors SQ-214 Amplified 4 to 20 mA Sun Argentina. The study is determining the are good for all light sources, including SQ-224 Amplified 4 to 20 mA Electric % of PAR related to survival and initial LEDs. Offers a self-cleaning, cosine- SQ-215 Amplified 0 to 5.0 V Sun growth of differing species. CIEFAP corrected head that is fully-potted for a SQ-225 Amplified 0 to 5.0 V Electric measured under canopy PAR using an waterproof design. SQ-420 USB Sun/Electric Apogee MQ-301 line quantum sensor. SQ-421 SDI-12 Sun/Electric Output Options SQ-422 Modbus Sun/Electric Sensors are available in multiple analog options, attached to a hand-held meter Original Meter Models with a digital output, and as a "smart" MQ-100 Integrated Sensor sensor that uses USB communication MQ-200 Separate Sensor and custom software. MQ-303 Line Quantum Meter - 3 Sensors MQ-306 Line Quantum Meter - 6 Sensors Full-Spectrum Models MQ-301 Line Quantum Meter - 10 Sensors SQ-500 Self-powered 0 to 40 mV SQ-512 0 to 2.5 V Line Quantum Models (0 to 800 mV) SQ-514 4 to 20 mA SQ-313 3 Sensor Sun Calibration SQ-515 0 to 5 V SQ-316 6 Sensor Sun Calibration SQ-520 USB SQ-311 10 Sensor Sun Calibration SQ-521 SDI-12 SQ-522 Modbus MQ-500 Meter, separate sensor MQ-501 Meter, attached sensor MQ-510 Meter, underwater calibration SQ-311 apogeeinstruments.com 13
Full-Spectrum Quantum Sensors SQ-500 Accurate PAR measurements under all light sources, including LEDs All other & SQ-520 models SQ-500-SS SQ-512-SS SQ-514-SS SQ-515-SS SQ-520 SQ-521-SS SQ-522-SS Uses a 5 V USB power Power Supply Self-powered 3.3 to 24 V DC 12 to 24 V DC 5.5 to 24 V DC source and has a 2.1 mA 5.5 to 24 V DC 5.5 to 24 V DC current draw when logging 1.4 mA (quiescent), 20 mA Current Draw ― At 12 V is 57 μA maximum of 20 mA At 12 V is 57 μA ― 1.8 mA (active) maximum Output (sensitivity) 0.01 mV per μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ 0.625 mV per μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ 0.004 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ per mA 1.25 mV per μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ ― ― ― Resolution ― ― ― ― 0.1 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ ― ― Calibration Factor Custom for each sensor 100 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ per mV 1.6 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ per mV 250 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ per mA 0.8 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ per mV (reciprocal of output) and stored in the firmware Calibration Uncertainty ±5% Output Range 0 to 40 mV 0 to 2.5 V 4 to 20 mA 0 to 5 V USB SDI-12 Modbus Measurement Less than 0.5 % Less than 1 % Less than 0.5 % Less than 1 % Less than 0.5 % Less than 1 % Repeatability Long-term Drift Less than 2 % per year Non-linearity Less than 1 % (up to 4000 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹) Software updates every Response Time Less than 1 ms Less than 0.6 s 320 ms second Field of View 180° Spectral Range 389 to 692 nm ± 5 nm (wavelengths where response is greater than 50 %) Spectral Selectivity Less than 10 % from 412 to 682 nm ± 5 nm Directional (Cosine) ± 2 % at 45°, ± 5 % at 75° zenith angle Response Temperature Response -0.11 ± 0.04 % per C Operating Environment -40 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity; can be submerged in water up to depths of 30 m 24 mm diameter, 37 mm 24 mm diameter, 37 mm 30.5 mm diameter, Dimensions 30.5 mm diameter, 36.6mm height height height 36.6 mm height Mass 100 g (5 m of lead wire) 51 g 100 g (5 m of lead wire) 51 g
Original Quantum Sensors SQ-110 Measure photosynthetically active radiation for broadband light sources SQ-110/120-SS SQ-212/222-SS SQ-214/224-SS SQ-215/225-SS SQ-300 Series SQ-420 SQ-421-SS SQ-422-SS 7 to 24 V DC with a Uses a 5 V USB power 3.3 to 24 V DC; maximum current draw 5.5 to 24 V DC; Power Supply Self-powered Self-powered source and has a 2.1 mA 5.5 to 24 V DC current draw 10 μA of 22 mA (2 mA current draw 10 μA current draw when logging quiescent current draw) 0.2 mV per 0.625 mV per 0.004 mA per 1.25 mV per 0.2 mV per Output (sensitivity) ― ― ― μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ Calibration 5 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ 1.6 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ 250 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ 0.8 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ 5 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ Custom for each sensor and stored Factor (reciprocal per mV per mV per mA per mV per mV in the firmware of output) Calibration for ±5% Uncertainty Output Range 0 to 800 mV 0 to 2.5 V 4 to 20 mA 0 to 5 V 0 to 800 mV USB SDI-12 Modbus Measurement Less than 0.5 % Less than 1 % Repeatability Long-term Drift Less than 2 % per year Non-linearity Less than 1 % (up to 4000 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹) Software updates every Response Time Less than 1 ms Less than 0.6 s 320 ms second Field of View 180° Spectral Range 410 to 655 nm (wavelengths where response is greater than 50 % maximum) Spectral Selectivity Less than 10 % from 469 to 655 nm Directional ± 5 % at 75° zenith angle (Cosine) Response Temperature 0.06 ± 0.06 % per C Response Operating -40 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity; can be submerged in water up to 30 m Environment 500 x 15 x 15 mm; 24 mm diameter; 33 mm 23.5 mm diameter, Dimensions 24 mm diameter, 33 mm height SQ-311/321: 700 x height 44 mm height 15 x 15 mm 90 g (with 5 m of 275 g; Mass 100 g (with 5 m of lead wire) Sensor head weighs 90 g 117 g (with 5 m of lead wire) lead wire) SQ-311/321: 375 g
PAR-FAR Sensors Two-band radiometer to measure PAR and Far Red radiation NEW! S2-141-SS S2-441-SS Power Supply Self-powered 5.5 to 24 V DC 1.4 mA (quiescent), Current Draw — 1.8 mA (active) Overview 0.01 mV per μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ (PAR) Apogee PAR-FAR sensors combine two photodetectors that measure Output (sensitivity) 0.02 mV per μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ (Far Red) — photosynthetically active and far red radiation. The PAR sensor is the Calibration Factor 100 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ per mV (PAR) Custom for each sensor and same as the Apogee model SQ-500 full-spectrum quantum sensor and (reciprocal of sensitivity) 50 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ per mV (Far Red) stored in firmware is designed to measure photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD, 400-700 nm). The Far Red sensor is a quantum sensor that measures Calibration Uncertainty ±5% photons in the 700-760 nm range. 0 to 40 mV (PAR) Output Range SDI-12 0 to 20 mV (Far Red) Typical Applications Measurement • Monitoring plant light environments Less than 1 % Repeatability • Research plant Long-term Drift Less than 2 % per year morphogenic activity • Photobiology studies Less than 1 % (up to 4000 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹) (PAR) Non-linearity Less than 1 % (up to 1000 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹) (Far Red) Key Features Response Time Less than 1 ms Less than 0.6 s Digital SDI-12 output is Field of View 180° standard with analog Spectral Ranges 389 to 692 nm ± 5 nm (PAR) options available. (see graph to the right) 700 to 760 nm ± 5 nm (Far Red) A domed diffuser Directional (Cosine) promotes self-cleaning Response ± 2 % at 45º; ± 5 % at 75º zenith angle to minimize errors from dust and debris. Temperature Response Less than 0.1 % per C Housing Anodized aluminum body with acrylic diffuser IP Rating IP68 Above: Spectral response of PAR detector (blue) and Operating Environment -40 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity Far Red detector (red) compared to defined response of Dimensions 30.5 mm diameter, 36.6 mm height plants to radiation (dashed). Mass 51 g 16 apogeeinstruments.com
Red - Far-Red Sensors Two-band radiometer to measure Red / Far-Red ratio NEW! S2-131-SS S2-431-SS Power Supply Self-powered 5.5 to 24 V DC 1.4 mA (quiescent), Current Draw — 1.8 mA (active) Overview 0.01 mV per μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ Apogee Red - Far-Red sensors combine two photodetectors Output (sensitivity) — (Red and Far Red) designed to measure wavelength ranges and peaks that approximate Calibration Factor 100 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ per mV Custom for each sensor and phytochrome absorption. The red / far-red ratio can be calculated from (recipricol of sensitivity) (Red and Far Red) stored in firmware these measurements. Red and far-red wavelengths are of particular interest because they influence photosynthetic and morphogenic Calibration Uncertainty ±5% activity. Phytochrome pigments sensitive to varying ratios of red Output Range 0 to 4 mV (Red and Far Red) SDI-12 and far-red light provide information to the plant about its light Wavelength Ranges 645 to 665 nm ± 5 nm (Red) environment. (see graph to the right) 720 to 740 nm ± 5 nm (Far Red) Measurement Range 0 to 400 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ (Red and Far Red) Typical Applications • Monitoring plant Measurement Less than 1 % light environments Repeatability • Research plant Long-term Drift Less than 2 % per year morphogenic activity • Photobiology studies Response Time Less than 1 ms Less than 0.6 s Non-linearity Less than 1 % (up to 400 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹) (Red and Far Red) Key Features Field of View 180° Digital SDI-12 output Directional (Cosine) is standard with analog Response ± 2 % at 45º; ± 5 % at 75º zenith angle options available. A domed diffuser Temperature Response Less than 0.1 % per C promotes self-cleaning Housing Anodized aluminum body with acrylic diffuser to minimize errors from IP Rating IP68 dust and debris. Operating Environment -40 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity Above: Spectral response of Red detector (red) Dimensions 30.5 mm diameter, 36.6 mm height and Far Red detector (maroon). Mass 51 g apogeeinstruments.com 17
NDVI and PRI Sensors Two-band radiometers inform environment and plant health NEW! NDVI PRI S2-411-SS S2-412-SS S2-421-SS S2-422-SS (Upward-Looking) (Downward-Looking) (Upward-Looking) (Downward-Looking) Overview Calibration Factor Apogee two-band radiometers combine two Custom for each sensor and stored in firmware (recipricol of sensitivity) photodetectors that measure specific wavelength Calibration Uncertainty ±5% ranges. They are designed to continuously measure reflectance for calculation of the normalized difference Output Range SDI-12 vegetation index (NDVI) or photochemical reflectance Power Supply 5.5 to 24 V DC index (PRI) of plant canopies. NDVI provides an Red detector = 650 nm with 10 nm FWHM* Green detector = 532 nm with 10 nm FWHM* approximation of canopy chlorophyll content and leaf Wavelength Ranges NIR detector = 810 nm with 10 nm FWHM* Yellow detector = 570 nm with 10 nm FWHM* area, and is often used to monitor green-up in the spring Measurement Range 2x full sunlight and senescence in the fall. PRI is related to canopy light use efficiency and is often used in studies of canopy Measurement Less than 1 % photosynthesis and response to stress. Repeatability Long-term Drift Less than 2 % per year Key Features Response Time Less than 0.6 s Digital SDI-12 output is standard with analog options Field of View 180° 40° 180° 40° available. A domed diffuser promotes self-cleaning to minimize errors from Directional (Cosine) ± 2 % at 45º; ± 5 % at 75º zenith angle dust and debris. Response Temperature Response Housing Less than 0.1 % per C Anodized aluminum body with acrylic diffuser ρNIR − ρRed NDVI = IP Rating IP68 ρNIR + ρRed Operating Environment -40 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity 30.5 mm diameter, 23.5 mm diameter, 30.5 mm diameter, 23.5 mm diameter, 40 ρGreen − ρYellow Dimensions 36.6 mm height 40 mm height 36.6 mm height mm height 110 g (with 5 m of 110 g (with 5 m of Mass 51 g 51 g PRI = *FWHM = full-width half-maximum cable) cable) ρGreen + ρYellow 18 apogeeinstruments.com
Chlorophyll Concentration Measure chlorophyll not SPAD. U.S. Patent No. 9733179 Meter MC-100 Default Display Unit μmol of chlorophyll per m² of leaf surface Optional Display Units CCI, SPAD 63.6 mm² (9 mm standard diameter), Measurement Area 19.6 mm² (5 mm diameter with reducer) Linear Output Calibrated to measure chlorophyll concentration ± 10 μmol m⁻² chlorophyll concentration in leaves with units of μmol of chlorophyll per m². Resolution using generic equation This eliminates the problems with relative indexes Linearity ±1% of chlorophyll, like the SPAD index, which is not Repeatability ±1% linearly related to chlorophyll concentration. Sample Acquisition Time Less than 3 s Non-destructive Measurements 8 MB for up to 160,000 data The meter measures the ratio of red and near infrared transmittance with Storage Capacity measurements; 94,000 data a sample rate of less than 3 seconds, resulting in measurements that are measurements with GPS data entries non-destructive and nearly instantaneous. This facilitates rapid measurement of 50 mm by 15 mm graphic display screen, multiple leaves and monitoring of the same leaves over time. User Interface 8 push buttons for control and data manipulation See our website for 25+ available species-specific settings Mini-B USB port provided for main data Data Output transfer RS-232 port (GPS location data is saved External GPS Option with each measurement) Operating Temperature 0 to 50 C Temperature compensated source and Temperature Drift detector circuitry over full range Power Requirement Standard 9 V DC alkaline battery 152 mm length, 82 mm width, 25 mm Dimensions height Mass 210 g Above: Older chlorophyll indexes such as CCI (left) and SPAD (right) do not have a linear relationship to chlorophyll concentration. Parry C., Blonquist Jr., J.M., & Bugbee, B. 2014. 1 year against defects in materials and Warranty Plant, Cell and Environment 37:2508-2520. workmanship apogeeinstruments.com 19
Infrared Radiometers High-accuracy, non-contact surface temperature measurement in harsh environmental conditions MI-2H0 High Accuracy Analog Models Uncertainty of ± 0.2 C from -30 to 65 C SI/SIF-111-SS Standard FOV when the sensor (detector) temperature SI/SIF-121-SS Narrow FOV is within 20 C of the target. Radiometers SI-131-SS Ultra-Narrow FOV are only sensitive from 8 to 14 μm SI/SIF-1H1-SS Horizontal FOV (atmospheric window) to minimize the influence of water vapor and CO2 on the Digital SDI-12 Models measurement. SI-411-SS Standard FOV Ultra Narrow Narrow Standard Horizontal SI-421-SS Narrow FOV Four Field of View Options 14° 18° 22° 13° x 32° SI-431-SS Ultra-Narrow FOV Three circular and one horizontal Si-4H1-SS Horizontal FOV aperture. Meter Models Rugged Housing MI-210 Standard FOV Anodized aluminum body with fully- MI-220 Narrow FOV potted electronics. The outer radiation MI-230 Ultra-Narrow FOV shield reduces thermal fluctuations. MI-2H0 Horizontal FOV High Speed Options Fast response (SIF) analog models have a 0.2 second response time. Outputs Analog and digital output options include unamplified voltage and SDI-12 communication protocol, and an attached hand-held meter with digital readout. Above: Spectral response of Apogee SI-100 and SI-400 infrared radiometers compared to atmospheric transmittance and blackbody irradiance. 20 apogeeinstruments.com
Case Studies Apogee Instruments' SI-131 Infrared Radiometer was selected to be part of a multi-sensor high throughput field phenotyping system for soybean and wheat breeding by the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. In València, Spain researchers at Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) selected Apogee Instruments' SI-411 Infrared Radiometer to be part of an autonomous vineyard monitoring robot to generate maps of temperature and vigor of the plants in real time. All Models -SS SI-111 SI-121 SI-131 SI-1H1 SIF-111 SIF-121 SIF-1H1 SI-411 SI-421 SI-431 SI-4H1 Analog Model Output (Difference ≈ 60 ≈ 40 ≈ 20 ≈ 15 ≈ 40 μV per C ≈ 10 μV per C Digital Models (SDI-12) between Target and μV per C μV per C μV per C μV per C Detector) Input Voltage 4.5 to 24 V DC with current draw of 1.5 mA (quiescent), 2500 mV thermistor excitation (typical, other voltages can be used) Requirement 2.0 mA (active) Analog Output from 0 to 2500 mV (typical, depends on input voltage) ― Thermistor Calibration Uncertainty (-20 to 65 C), when target 0.2 C 0.3 C 0.2 C 0.3 C 0.2 C and detector ΔT are < 20 C Calibration Uncertainty (-40 to 80 C), when target 0.5 C 0.6 C 0.5 C 0.6 C 0.5 C and detector ΔT are > 20 C Measurement Less than 0.05 C Repeatability Long-term Drift Less than 2 % change in slope per year when germanium filter is maintained Field of View 32° horizontal; 32° horizontal; 32° horizontal; 22° 18° 14° 22° 18° 22° 18° 14° (half-angle) 13° vertical 13° vertical 13° vertical 0.6 s, time for detector signal to reach 95 % following a 0.2 s, time for detector signal to reach 95 % 0.6 s, time for detector signal to reach 95 % following a Response Time step change following a step change step change Spectral Range 8 to 14 μm; atmospheric window Operating -55 to 80 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity (non-condensing) Environment Dimensions 23 mm diameter, 60 mm length Mass 190 g (with 5 m of lead wire) apogeeinstruments.com 21
Fan-Aspirated Radiation Shield Accurate measurement of air temperature with minimal power draw Optimized Design for Efficiency and Durability Case Study A curved inlet redirects air into the shield and funnels it past the sensing area, The Virginia Tech which allows for a lower power requirement than other fan-aspirated shields on Department of Geography the market. The fan has an ingress protection rating of IP55, which minimizes has begun the development moisture and dust ingress. Fan speed and power can be further reduced when of regional mountaintop environmental conditions warrant. mesonets in the Appalachian Mountains of Virginia and Sensor Compatibility West Virginia. The TS-100 The shield accommodates multiple sensor options: air temperature sensors, is being used to house air temperature/relative humidity probes, or combinations of both categories. temperature sensors for For maximum accuracy we recommend redundant measurements of air each installation. temperature. See our website for available sensor packages TS-100 Difference Among Individual Less than 0.1 C Replicate Shields 6 m s⁻¹ at full-speed; Aspiration Rate 3 m s⁻¹ at half-speed Fan Input Voltage Requirement 10.8 to 13.2 V DC 80 mA at full-speed; Fan Current Draw 25 mA at half-speed IP Rating IP55 Dimensions 220 mm height, 270 mm diameter Left: Naturally-aspirated shields are subject to significant measurement errors when wind speeds are less than 3 m s⁻¹. Errors increase when snow covers ground surface. Right: The performance of Apogee (model TS-100) and R.M. Young (model 43502) fan-aspirated shields relative to a Met One (model 076B) fan-aspirated shield. Mass 840 g 22 apogeeinstruments.com
Humidity Probe Improved version of the popular EE08 probe from E + E Elektronik EE08-SS Input Voltage 7 to 30 V DC Current Draw Less than 1.3 mA Overview Start-up Time 2s The EE08-SS air temperature/relative humidity probe is manufactered by E + E Elektronik in Austria. The version sold by Housing Polycarbonate, IP65 Apogee Instruments includes a stainless steel connector and custom cable with a ninety degree connector that optimizes the fit of the Filter Stainless steel wire mesh, 30 micron pore size probe inside the Apogee TS-100 fan-aspirated radiation shield. The EE08-SS offered by Apogee also includes a proprietary coating Connector M12, IP67 from E + E for the relative humidity sensing element that provides Dimensions 83 mm length, 12 mm diameter maximum long-term stability. Mass with 5 m Cable 270 g Fan Aspiration Fan aspiration of humidity probes can improve accuracy over passive Operating Environment -40 to 60 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity shields. The TS-100 shield (pictured) is an excellent choice for M12 connector (IP67 rating) to interface to sensor accomplishing this and is available at a special package price when housing, 5 m of four conductor, shielded, twisted-pair wire, purchased together. To see these sensor packages, please visit our Cable website. white TPR jacket (high water resistance, high UV stability, flexibility in cold conditions), pigtail lead wires Temperature Measurement Relative Humidity Measurement Sensor PT1000 (Class A) Sensor Capacitance Chip TS-120 Measurement Range -40 to 60 C Measurement Range 0 to 100 % Fan with EE08-SS Output Signal Range 0 to 2.5 V DC Output Signal Range 0 to 2.5 V DC ± 2 % from 0 to 90 %; Accuracy at 20 C ± 0.2 C Accuracy at 20 C ± 3 % from 90 to 100 % Long-term Stability Less than 0.1 C per year Temperature Response Less than -0.05 % per C Long-term Stability Less than 1 % per year Time Constant Less than 30 s Time Constant Less than 30 s apogeeinstruments.com 23
Temperature Sensors Barometric Wide measurement range of -50 to 70 C Pressure Sensor ST-200 ST-110 Models ST-300 Sensor stability The ST-100 has a waterproof housing and is designed for Long-term non-stability has been measured continuously measuring soil and water temperature. The ST-110 minimizes ST-100 indoors and in natural conditions (with sensors mounted solar load and thermal conduction to accurately measure air inside a datalogger enclosure) for multiple sensors and is temperature. The ST-200 measures delicate or small surfaces less than 0.5 % per year. with a fast response time. The ST-300 (PRT) minimizes solar load and thermal mass. SB-100 ST-100 ST-110 ST-200 ST-300 Measurement Range 15 to 115 kPa (approximate) Measurement Range -50 to 70 C Maximum Pressure 400 kPa (exposure beyond limit may 0.1 C (0 to 70 C) Exposure permanently damage sensor) Measurement 0.1 C (0 to 70 C) 0.2 C (0 to 70 C) 0.1 C (-40 to 60 C), 0.2 C (-25 to 0 C) Uncertainty 0.15 C (-40 to 0 C) 0.4 C (-50 to 0 C) 1/10 DIN 45.9 mV per kPa; 0.459 mV per 0.01 kPa 0.4 C (-50 to -25 C) Sensitivity (approximate) Measurement Less than 0.05 C Less than 0.01 C Less than 0.05 C Less than 0.01 C 0.0218 kPa per mV (generic slope; reciprocal of Repeatability Calibration Factor sensitivity) and 11.4 kPa (generic intercept) Long-term Drift Less than 0.02 C per year Less than 0.05 C per year Measurement Uncertainty ± 1.5 % (with generic calibration coefficients) Equilibration Time 30 s 4s 1s 15 s Measurement Repeatability Less than 0.1 % Less than 0.01 C (typical, assuming Less than 0.01 C (typical, assuming pulsed excitation of 2.5 V DC), Non-linearity Less than 1 % pulsed excitation of 2.1 V DC), 0.09 C Self-heating 0.08 C at 5 C (max. assuming continuous input excitation of at 5 C (max. assuming continuous input Warm-up Time 20 ms 2.5 V DC) excitation of 2.1 V DC) Response Time 1 ms Operating -50 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity Less than 0.002 % per C for temperatures Environment Temperature greater than 0 C; -0.015 % per C for temperatures less Input Voltage 2.1 V DC excitation Response 2.5 V DC excitation (recommended) than 0 C Requirement (recommended) -40 to 80 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity Output Voltage 16 to 27 mV DC (excitation of Operating Environment 0 to 2.5 V DC (assuming input excitation of 2.5 V DC) (non-condensing) Requirement 2.1 V DC) Input Voltage Requirement 5 V DC 0.21 mA DC (max. with steady Current Draw 0.1 mA DC at 70 C (max. with steady excitation of 2.5 V DC) Output Voltage Range 0 to 5 V DC excitation of 2.1 V DC) 100 mm length, 80 mm length, 25 mm length, 65 mm length, Current Draw 7 mA DC Dimensions 6 mm diameter 4 mm diameter 1 mm diameter 3 mm diameter Dimensions 16 mm diameter Mass 60 g 95 g Mass 5g 24 apogeeinstruments.com
Leaf and Bud Temperature Sensor Effective prediction of leaf and bud temperatures for orchards Monitor Radiation Frost Events Wide Range, Accurate Measurements On calm, clear nights leaf and bud temperatures can drop well below air temperature. Thermistor accuracy is ± 0.1 C across a range of A radiation frost occurs when frost forms at the surface before the air temperature 0 to 70 C, providing accurate measurements at reaches freezing. The Apogee leaf and bud temperature sensor is a combination of temperatures near zero where frost damage is likely two high accuracy thermistors mounted in a single housing: sensors mimic a leaf and to occur. bud, which provides estimates of leaf and bud temperatures to monitor radiation frost events. Models SF-110 Analog output SF-421 Digital (SDI-12) SF-110 SF-421 Measurement Range -50 to 70 C Measurement Uncertainty 0.1 C (from 0 to 70 C), 0.2 C (from -25 to 0 C), 0.4 C (from -50 to -25 C) Measurement Repeatability Less than 0.05 C Less than 0.02 C per year (when used in non-condensing environments Long-term Drift where the annual average temperature is less than 30 C; continuously high (Non-stability) temperatures or continuously humid environments increase drift rate) Equilibration Time 10 s Less than 0.01 C (typical, assuming pulsed excitation Self-heating of 2.5 V DC), 0.08 C at 5 C (maximum, assuming Less than 0.01 C continuous input excitation of 2.5 V DC) Operating Environment -50 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity Input Voltage Requirement 2.5 V DC excitation 5.5 to 24 V DC Output Voltage Range 0 to 2.5 V DC (assuming input excitation of 2.5 V DC) ― Above: Leaf and bud temperature approximations measured with an Apogee SF-110 compared to air temperature (top panel) and 0.1 mA DC (per thermistor) at 70 C (maximum, as- 0.6 mA (quiescent), wind speed (bottom panel) on the evening of April 28, 2012. Leaf Current Draw suming continuous input excitation at 2.5 V DC) 1.3 mA (active) and bud temperatures were both below air temperature after 8 P.M. and reached freezing 6 (leaf) and 4 (bud) hours before the air Dimensions 570 mm length, 21 mm pipe diameter, 70 mm disk diameter temperature. Mass 400 g apogeeinstruments.com 25
Oxygen Sensors Simple Calibration Output is proportional to oxygen concentration, which enables on-site calibration in open air conditions. AO-002 Flow Through and Meters Heated Detector The protective membrane can be heated to prevent water Head Measure gaseous O2 in the from condensing and blocking the diffusion path. The heater laboratory and porous media is typically used when sensors are deployed in soil or compost where relative humidity is close to 100 %. Output Options Available as an analog version with unamplified voltage output or digital version with SDI-12 communication protocol. The sensor is also available attached to a hand-held meter for easy spot measurements. SO-110 SO-210 SO-411 SO-421 Input Voltage Requirement ― 5.5 to 24 V DC Current Draw ― 0.6 mA (quiescent); 1.3 mA (active) Input Voltage (heater and 12 V DC continuous (for heater); 2.5 V DC excitation (for thermistor) thermistor) Heater Current Draw 6.2 mA (74 mW power requirement when powered with 12 V DC source) Thermistor Current Draw 0.1 mA DC at 70 C (maximum, assuming input excitation of 2.5 V DC) Measurement Range 0 to 100 % O₂ Output (Sensitivity) 2.6 mV per % O₂ 0.6 mV per % O₂ ― 5 % of output at 20.95 2 % of output at Output at 0 % O₂ ― % O₂ 20.95 % O₂ Measurement Repeatability Less than 0.1 % of mV output at 20.95 % O₂ Non-linearity Less than 1 % Long-term Drift 1 mV per year 0.8 mV per year 1 mV per year 0.8 mV per year (Non-stability) Oxygen Consumption Rate 2.2 μmol O₂ per day at 20.95 % O₂ and 23 C Response Time 60 s 14 s 60 s 14 s MO-200 Operating Environment -20 to 60 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity (non-condensing); 60 to 140 kPa Dimensions 32 mm diameter, 68 mm length Mass 175 g (with 5 m of lead wire) 26 apogeeinstruments.com
Coming Soon Weighing μCache Extended Quantum Precipitation Gauge Bluetooth Memory Module To measure LEDs 66 mm • Measures total precipitation from rain, • Stores and transmits real time data to iOS • Designed to read PFD under LEDs beyond snow, sleet, and hail and Android devices the standard range of 400-700 nm (PAR) • Algorithm to correct for temperature, • View and download data with • Low light version (0 to 200 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹) evaporation, and vibration ApogeeConnect app for mobile devices coming soon •SDI-12 output • Programmable sampling and logging SQ-620-SS • Inlet options include: 8 inch (900 mm / intervals Output Range 0 to 200 mV 35 inch capacity) or 200 cm² (1500 mm / • Large capacity: 9 months of 1 min data 60 inch capacity) openings to meet WMO • IP67 rated for harsh environments Measurement Range 0 to 4000 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ and NWS recommendations • WiFi Cloud Gateway coming soon Calibration Factor 20 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ per mV • Heater option coming soon • Connects to multiple Apogee sensors: 340-1040 nm (wavelengths where re- • Modbus output coming soon Infrared, Pyranometer, Quantum and Wavelength Range sponse is greater than 50 % of max.) more coming soon Precipitation Gauge Comparisons Apogee Connect Above: Spectral response of extended LED range quantum sensor (green) compared to the defined response of plants to radiation (dashed). apogeeinstruments.com 27
Toll-Free: 877.727.6433 Intl.: +1.435.792.4700 721 W 1800 N Logan, UT 84321, USA apogeeinstruments.com
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