WORLD PORTS SUSTAINABILITY REPORT 2020
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WORLD PORTS
SUSTAINABILITY REPORT
2020
www.sustainableworldports.org
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Foreword 3
1 Introduction 4
1.1 The World Ports Sustainability Program 4
1.2 WPSP Portfolio 5
1.3 WPSP Platform 8
1.4 Integration of the UN SDGs in port governance and practice 9
2 Resilient Infrastructure 14
2.1 WPSP Overview 14
2.2 Selected initiatives and data insights 15
2.2.1 Digitalization 15
2.2.2 Climate proof infrastructure 16
3 Climate and Energy 18
3.1 WPSP Overview 18
3.2 Selected initiatives and data insights 19
4 Community Outreach and Port City Dialogue 28
4.1 WPSP Overview 28
4.2 Selected initiatives and data insights 29
4.2.1 Addressing environmental externalities 29
4.2.2 Societal integration of ports 30
5 Safety and Security 31
5.1 WPSP Overview 31
5.2 Selected initiatives and data insights 31
6 Governance and Ethics 33
6.1 WPSP Overview 33
6.2 Selected initiatives and data insights 34
Useful Websites 38
Colophon 38
2
Foreword Introduction
By Patrick Verhoeven 1.1 The World Ports
Managing Director - International Association of Ports and Harbors Sustainability Program
Coordinator - World Ports Sustainability Program
The World Ports Sustainability
It was a daunting task, as the port The other main conclusion is also a Program (WPSP) was launched in
sector – and the maritime sector in call to action. The WPSP Portfolio and 2018 to contribute to the sustainable
general – is notorious for its lack of Platform are dominated by European development of world ports in line with
(comparable) data. Rather than striving projects and initiatives, followed at the United Nations (UN) Sustainability
for a perfect picture, we decided to dive some distance by Asia and America. Agenda and its 17 Sustainable
in pragmatically. This report therefore On the other hand, Oceania is Development Goals (SDGs). The
presents a mixture of analysis and punching above its weight, but Africa International Association of Ports
descriptive snapshots. We do not claim is hardly present at all. Overall, there and Harbors (IAPH) is leading the
academic rigor but would like this report are still almost one hundred IAPH Program in partnership with some of
to mark the start of a global reporting member ports out there who have not the world’s major port industry-related
process. submitted a single project to the WPSP organizations.
In line with its mission, WPSP:
Portfolio. There is therefore an urgent Partner organizations include:
The report follows the thematic need to bring all ports up to speed. a. Maintains a growing portfolio of best practices by ports around the globe.
structure of the World Ports That is not just a matter of outreach
b. Provides a platform for projects and initiatives by partnering organizations.
Sustainability Program and provides and communication, but above all of
information on how ports are investing training and coaching. That is clearly c. Functions as a think-tank and breeding ground for new collaborative projects.
in resilient infrastructure, climate and the next step for us to take if we are
d. Reports regularly about the sustainability performance of the global ports sector.
energy, community outreach and serious about our ambition to develop
port-city dialogue, safety and security global leadership of the ports industry Considering the different roles, responsibilities and competences of ports and port
and governance and ethics. Each in contributing to the Sustainable community actors, the World Ports Sustainability Program considers the 17 UN
chapter starts with an analysis of Development Goals of the United Sustainable Development Goals as a single and indivisible orientation for the sus-
the projects that entered the WPSP Nations. tainable development of ports. WPSP implements the UN SDGs along five themes,
Portfolio during the past two years. each of them covering a non-exhaustive list of potential topics.
This is then followed by updates and I hope you will enjoy reading this first
insights derived from initiatives that are World Ports Sustainability Report.
promoted under the WPSP Platform. I wholeheartedly thank the WPSP
team, Antonis Michail, Victor Shieh RESILIENT INFRASTRUCTURE
When we launched the World Ports We can gather some principal and Fabienne Van Loo, for having
Sustainability Program two years ago, conclusions from this first World Ports transformed WPSP from an aspirational WPSP’s mission is to demonstrate
our prime objectives were to create an Sustainability Report. It shows that initiative to a thriving programme that global leadership of ports in contributing
online portfolio of port sustainability community outreach and port-city delivers added value to the global ports’ to the Sustainable Development Goals CLIMATE AND ENERGY
projects and to set up a platform that dialogue are on top of ports’ agendas community. I also thank the Board of the United Nations. The program
would also offer a think-tank and worldwide. This is hardly surprising, of IAPH for providing the necessary aims to empower port community
breeding ground for new sustainability given that ports are granted and funding and support as well as all actors worldwide to engage with
initiatives. We have delivered on these maintain their license to operate and project leaders and partners for their business, governmental and societal
objectives. With 120 projects from grow by their local communities. contributions. After its first two years, stakeholders in creating sustainable COMMUNITY OUTREACH & PORT CITY DIALOGUE
71 ports, covering 38 countries and Climate and energy and resilient the World Ports Sustainability Program added value for the local communities
five continents, the WPSP Portfolio is infrastructure also score relatively high, is now ready to take on the next level and wider regions in which their ports
becoming a global treasure trove on no doubt driven by societal, political and achieve its ‘coming of age’! are embedded.
sustainable port development. The and commercial pressures to embrace SAFETY AND SECURITY
WPSP Platform on the other hand decarbonization and digitalization. On 1 January 2016, the 17 Sustainable
can boast a growing range of ongoing Governance and ethics and safety Development Goals (SDGs) of the 2030
collaborative projects developed with and security would appear to be Agenda for Sustainable Development -
our partners and has proved to be underdeveloped areas in need of more adopted by world leaders in September
instrumental in generating new content attention. 2015 at a historic UN Summit - GOVERNANCE AND ETHICS
over the past two years. officially came into force. The 17 Goals
are all interconnected, universally apply
We also had another objective in mind
“With 120 projects from 71 ports, covering 38 to all and are the blueprint to achieve a
when we set up WPSP and that was countries and five continents, the WPSP Portfolio better and more sustainable future. They
to regularly report on the sustainability address the global challenges humanity WPSP’s mission is to demonstrate global
is becoming a global treasure trove on sustainable faces, including those related to poverty,
performance of the global ports sector. leadership of ports in contributing to the Sustainable
With this ‘World Ports Sustainability port development.” inequality, climate change, environmental
Report’ we present our first deliverable. degradation, peace and justice. Development Goals of the United Nations.
3 4
1.2 WPSP Portfolio
Since its launch in March 2018, the The practical examples given by Through the WPSP portfolio, ports and The number of port projects that Portfolio currently accounts for 120 followed by Asia (32), America (22),
World Ports Sustainability Program has each project can serve as inspiration WPSP partner organizations can raise were submitted to WPSP more than projects developed by 71 ports from 38 Oceania (15) and Africa (1). Some
accumulated the most coherent and up- for ports seeking to integrate the UN awareness on their ongoing work on doubled in 2019 with 84 project countries all over the globe. In terms of ports have several different projects
to-date global database of port-related Sustainability Development Goals into sustainability, share their experiences submissions in comparison to the 36 geographical representation, European submitted, whilst some collaborative
projects on sustainable development. their strategy and day-to-day business. and provide inspiration. projects submitted in 2018. The WPSP port projects dominate with 72 entries, projects involve multiple ports, frequently
from different continents.
Continents
Africa
1
Oceania
15
America
22
Europe
72
Asia
32
5 6
The WPSP Project Portfolio is Number of projects per area of interest and evolution 1.3 WPSP Platform
classifiable by the five areas of interest
and/or by the SDGs they relate to. The The WPSP Platform groups together 2011. It also includes work by WPSP
analysis of this content of the Portfolio 2018 2019 TOTAL all the existing projects and initiatives think-tank members with global part-
provides a useful insight into the way with a strong IAPH leadership role. ners to assist the global port community
ports prioritize each area of interest as Furthermore, the Platform serves as in integrating the UN SDGs into the
Resilient
well as individual SDGs. Infrastructure
7 31 38 a think-tank and breeding ground for business strategies and governance of
new collaborative projects. Hence, the port authorities.
As the table demonstrates, ‘Community Platform includes initiatives that have
Climate and
Outreach and Port City Dialogue’ has
Energy
15 28 43 already been running successfully for The table below provides an overview
the highest level of activity followed many years. The Environmental Ship of the main initiatives under the WPSP
by ‘Climate and Energy’ and ‘Resilient Index (ESI) Working group is one such Platform and maps their relevance to
Infrastructure’. Projects targeting Community outreach example, having been first launched in the five WPSP areas of interest.
and Port city dialogue 24 44 68
‘Governance and Ethics’ and ‘Safety
and Security’ are lower in number.
Safety and
Security 3 8 11
The table also highlights the significant
increase in the number of projects
submitted in all categories. Governance and Community
Ethics 8 11 19 Project Resilient Climate and Outreach and Safety and Governance
Partners Infrastructure Energy Port-City Security and Ethics
Many of the projects relate to - and are
Dialogue
classified under - multiple areas of
interest. IAPH / WPSP
Cruise Project
The graph below highlights the SDG priorities of ports from an analysis conducted of the
120 projects in the WPSP Portfolio. SDGs and Port
Governance
This classification serves as a
WPSP Projects Portfolio and UN SDGs snapshot of the SDGs where ports Environmental
feel more inclined to demonstrate Ship Index
100
actions and progress. The World PortXL
90
Ports Sustainability Program aims at Accelerator
80
encouraging the global port sector to
70
continue sharing their experiences World Ports Climate
Action Program
on given SDGs. At the same time
NUMBER OF PROJECTS
60
50 the Program also actively seeks out Clean Marine
40 projects where concrete contributions Fuels
30 by ports in achieving less-commonly
Womens’
20 addressed SDGs can provide Forum
inspiration to others.
10
0 GloMEEP
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 The WPSP portfolio offers a wealth
UN SDGs of practical information. In line with Navigating a
the WPSP commitment to maintain Changing Climate
Based on this analysis, the UN SDGs can be classified in five groups, reflecting priorities given
its content comprehensive and up
by ports. Port Call
to date, IAPH has linked its annual
Optimization
HIGH Sustainability Awards to the WPSP
Portfolio. This means that all projects Maritime anti-
submitted by IAPH member ports to corruption Network
the WPSP Portfolio during a given year
automatically qualify as candidates for
the World Ports Sustainability Awards.
These awards are built around the
WPSP areas of interest and are
presented on a yearly basis during
the World Ports Conference. The The Platform serves as a think-tank
participation in these Awards provides
an extra incentive for ports to share
and breeding ground for new
their best practices. collaborative projects.
LOW
Projects as well as awards can be found
on https://sustainableworldports.org
7 8
1.4 Integration of the UN
SDGs in port governance
and practice
In line with its mission to demonstrate ports, the Trade and Logistics branch
global leadership of ports in contributing of UNCTAD, UN Global Compact, the
to the UN SDGs, and with the support University of Antwerp, Antwerp Man-
of the UNCTAD, WPSP organised a agement School as well as represen-
dedicated workshop in March 2019 tatives from banking and shipping. The
on the way ports can apply SDGs in group defined and prioritized potential
practice. It took place at the UNCTAD port authority actions per UN Sustain-
Headquarters in Geneva, gathering able Development Goal and agreed on
over 30 delegates from IAPH member a roadmap forward.
Three approaches to the Sustainable Development Goals
Organizations usually apply one of the following approaches to the UN Sustainable
Development Goals. What matters in the end is that a systematic view is pursued,
which focuses on the synergies between the 17 SDGs.
Philanthropic: Initiatives that involve the contribution of money, employee
time and products or services in-kind that are not expected to generate
commercial returns.
Commercial: Initiatives related to a company’s core business, including
innovation around products, services or business models that generate posi-
tive sustainable development impact.
Hybrid: Initiatives that align philanthropic capital with core business opera-
tions or competencies. This might involve better leveraging the wider skills
and assets of a company beyond cash.
Sources: Wayne Visser (2019), Business Fights Poverty & Harvard Kennedy School (2015)
As a follow-up to the Geneva workshop, the World Ports Sustainability Program has
developed a practical framework on how ports can implement each of the 17 UN
SDGs in practice as outlined on pages 11 -12.
9 10
Application of the 17 UN SDGs in ports
• Devising sustainable port development • Sustainably managing natural resources, • Supporting local projects regarding
policies supported by relevant key chemicals and waste nature development and biodiversity
performance indicators • Implementing responsible procurement • Recovering and protecting nature and
• Digitally optimizing infrastructure and port and sustainable investments in port area biodiversity in the port surroundings
operations/processes/services management and development as well • Preventing deforestation through the
: • Piloting, testing and implementing as the end-to-end supply chain etc. usage/procurement of sustainably-
• Setting a good minimum wage for the • Competence and talent policy for port • Locally producing and/or sourcing innovative IT and digital technologies in • Encouraging circular economy and certified wood and paper
port employees and encouraging similar employees renewable energy the port for public and private use industrial reuse and mutually beneficial • Offering nature and environmental
practices in the port community • Enhance life-long learning for the port • Supporting research and development on • Foreseeing the adaptation of port use of resources in the port community education programs to employees
• Taking responsibility for the application employees clean energy technology infrastructure to withstand climate change • Optimizing port operations/processes/ • Port area development in balance with
of ethical standards throughout the • Cooperating with local schools, • Producing and/or recovering energy from • Adapting port infrastructure and services ecosystems
supply chain (e.g. working conditions and universities and research centres in industrial waste streams processes to meet market demands • Reducing food wastage and food • Minimising environmental externalities of
human rights in developing countries) educational programs, internships and • Investing in energy-efficient port (such as increasing ship size) loss in the production / supply chain (e.g. port operations (e.g. air pollution, noise)
• Including sustainability requirements (e.g. port visits. equipment (stationary and mobile • Sustainable port development projects connecting the cruise industry with an
Fairtrade label) in procurement • Offering training to port professionals material handling equipment, lighting and • Investing in infrastructure for all transport NGO addressing poverty in your city or
• Supporting local communities in need through dedicated institutions technology) modes to enable a balanced modal split region)
through social projects targeting • Creating synergies with universities in • Encouraging clean energy initiatives • Minimizing environmental impact of the
sustainable growth port research and development projects from third parties (vessels, tenants and port activities
• Supporting local social institutions (e.g. operators) through appropriate
schools, orphanages, NGOs) instruments (incentives, clauses in lease/
concession agreements) • Constructive dialogue between employer
• Providing Onshore Power Supply from and employees
renewable sources • Good governance (a clear policy
• Improving energy efficiency of port statement, stakeholder analysis, defined
• Providing cleaner (marine) fuels in a safe
operations, processes and services measurements, consistent reporting ..)
and efficient manner
• Gender-neutral hiring and remuneration • Achieving equality within the port • Enabling the reduction of carbon and • Peace initiatives (e.g. peace education
• Optimizing port operations and
policies independent of gender, origin, belief, greenhouse gas emissions within the on the work floor, prevention of illegal
processes (logistics, port calls)
• Supporting local projects targeting the conviction etc. port area arms trafficking)
• Promoting women to leadership roles;
provision of food to families/communities training and hiring more women for • Port community initiatives being all- • Adapting port infrastructure and port- • Addressing security: cyber security
in need port operational positions (e.g. crane inclusive irrespective of socio-economic related operations to Climate Change measures, commercial and operational
• Encouraging the transfer of food operators) background (e.g. supporting sensitive • Providing services to reduce greenhouse data protection, improving the careful use
surpluses out of the warehouses in social groups) gas emissions at sea and on the and protection of personal data
• Leveling the male/female ratio of port
the port to charities, food banks and employees for operational and • Social background-neutral hiring and waterways, as well as the hinterland part • Open dialogue and collaboration with all
community organizations managerial positions renumeration policies of the supply chain stakeholders (including emergency
• Supporting the trade/storage of Fairtrade • Taking measures that make the port • Achieving economic growth through • Taking responsibility for the application • Producing and/or sourcing renewable services, customs and armed forces) and
and other ethically-produced agricultural working environment more attractive to diversification, innovation and of ethical standards throughout the energy availability of a hotline for complaints and
products in cooperation with NGOs and women (e.g. separate toilets, promotional technological modernization supply chain (e.g. working conditions and • Encouraging third parties (vessels, questions
community organizations campaigns, family-friendly HR-policy) • Generating economic growth in an human rights in third world countries) tenants and operators) to take clean • Transparent internal and external
environmentally sustainable manner • Financial support to local communities energy initiatives, by providing incentives communication
• Sourcing Fairtrade food products for own
in need and social projects targeting and integrating clauses in lease and
catering • Ensuring that economic growth positively
sustainable growth of neighboring concession agreements
impacts local communities economically
communities
and socially.
• Ethical investment and banking
• Promoting employment, including
opportunities for disadvantaged groups
and young people
• Providing drinking water and clean • Striving for a healthy and safe working
sanitation facilities for port employees • Partnerships with local communities for
environment for all: specific actions
• Improving health and safety awareness and visitors (e.g. vessels’ crew, truck port-city relation initiatives
related to safety and ergonomics, and
of employees and local communities drivers) • Taking measures to prevent waste from • Partnering with other ports and parties
creating a good work/life balance
through training and transparent • Minimizing/optimizing water consumption ending up in the oceans (e.g. port in the logistics chain in joint projects of
• Generating a sustainable model for • Improving sustainable mobility and common interest
communication on health and safety risks in the port area reception facilities, fishing for litter, clean-
cruise tourism reducing congestion for both employees • Public-private partnerships for funding
• Minimizing environmental externalities • Harvesting rainwater for port use up actions)
• Taking responsibility for applying ethical and goods and implementing sustainability projects
(e.g. air pollution, water pollution, noise) • Protecting water-related ecosystems • Promoting sustainable fishing activities
standards throughout the end-to-end • Restoring ecosystems and making the • Establishing supply chain partnerships
of port operations and greening of the (e.g. estuaries, wetlands, mangroves) in port accessible and attractive for people • Supporting research regarding
supply chain (e.g. working conditions and for ensuring CSR values throughout the
port and urban areas and around the port area in neighboring urban areas sustainable use of maritime resources
human rights in developing countries) chain
• Initiatives on sustainable / safe mobility • Projects protecting freshwater resources • Minimizing environmental externalities • Reducing the emission of CO2, SO2,
• Cooperating with other ports for
and projects targeting congestion (e.g. wastewater and stormwater of port operations (e.g. air pollution, NOx, NH3 from port- related activities to
educational/training purposes (e.g. joint
• Enhancing port safety and security and treatment) water pollution, noise) avoid acidification of the oceans
port training programs and centers)
minimizing risks • Disaster recovery planning • Minimizing water pollution through • Joint research and development projects
• Awareness raising and actions against adequate wastewater treatment facilities involving port stakeholders, academia,
• Community engagement programs and
the use of addictive substances (e.g. initiatives • Protecting coastal and estuarine industry and authorities
tobacco, alcohol, drugs) ecosystems
• Supporting local communities in need
• Protecting habitats and biodiversity in through social projects targeting decent • Minimizing disturbing factors such as
and around the port area living and working opportunities that underwater noise for marine mammals
generate sustainable growth of
neighboring communities
• Supporting local social institutions (e.g.
schools, orphanages, NGOs)
11 12
To build further on this framework, employed in ports, port users and their The game will be officially released,
WPSP is preparing an innovative communities on their roles in achieving played and tested for the first time
2. RESILIENT INFRASTRUCTURE
gaming concept designed to bring the the UN-adopted 2030 Agenda for during the IAPH 2020 World Ports
UN Sustainable Development Goals Sustainable Development. Named Conference, held in Antwerp on 17-19
(SDGs) to life for ports around the ‘Port Endeavor’, the game provides March.
world. Based on the data gathered as practical guidance on how to deal with 2.1 WPSP Overview Winner of IAPH 2019 Award:
to how ports apply SDGs in practice, the environmental, social and economic Abu Dhabi Ports - mPCS
the gaming concept is designed to train challenges faced by all parties when The theme ‘Resilient Infrastructure’ aims at anticipating, both physically and digitally,
demands of maritime transport and landside logistics, at being resilient to changes Single Window System to the
and increase awareness of people addressing the 17 UN SDGs.
World
4. COMMUNITY OUTREACH & PORT CITY DIALOGUE
in climate and weather conditions whilst at the same time developing in harmony
with local communities, nature and heritage.
Playing cards from the Port Endeavor game Technology enabling efficient data
exchange between all port community
Interest of ports players is vital to ensure streamlined
Number of projects on Resilient Infra-
38 ⁄ processes and port operations.
HARBOR CLER
KEMO
structure / total projects in the WPSP
Portfolio 120 The Abu Dhabi Ports Single Window
UTH WE 5. SAFETY AND SECURITY Portal (mPCS) was first developed
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3. Adaptation of infrastructure and ecosystems management for responding community a total of 76,800 man-days,
to climate change effects (6/38) 3.75 million physical trips, 27.3 tons of
4. Port planning and development to accommodate market demands and CO2 emissions, and AED 421.6 million
stakeholders’ interests (6/38) (USD $115 million).
CLIM
Almost one third of the port projects in the WPSP Portfolio relates to ‘Resilient
ATE
AND
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GY PO MMU
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RT N optimize the sustainability of both port operations and processes as well as of the
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IAL TREA
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ve ene lution y offer ort co projec nity st
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ove t of p ports
men o weather events, or rise in sea level. Regardless of the well-established mitigation
rgy s to in m ts ak t th rt
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Releva In sp
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b
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s
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trac lly ben stake
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end
.
-
encourages ports to also focus their efforts in this field and share their experiences
tive e -
and ficial
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nt
through the WPSP Portfolio.
g ex
amp
les
Finally, a relatively small number of projects under the Resilient Infrastructure theme
address port planning and development work to accommodate for market trends
and demands such as larger vessels as well as stakeholder interests.
13 14
Resilient infrastructure chapter
2.2 Selective initiatives and Antwerp, Barcelona, Busan, Felixstowe, A Port Community System 2.2.2 Climate proof understanding, provides technical A totalExtreme weather
of 53 ports survey – to
responded 53the sur-
port responses
data insights Indonesia, Montreal, Panama, (PCS): infrastructure support, and builds capacity on vey with half of the responses coming
Rotterdam, Shanghai, Shenzhen and climate change. It encourages owners, from European ports.
Resilient infrastructure in the WPSP Singapore. The initiative is supported • is a neutral and open electronic The effects of climate change such operators and users of waterborne
context encompasses both digital and by the Global Institute of Logistics. platform enabling intelligent and as sea level rise and increase in the transport infrastructure to reduce
physical port infrastructure which can secure exchange of information frequency and magnitude of extreme operational greenhouse gas emissions,
adapt to changes and demands and Courtesy PORT XCHANGE between public and private weather events have a direct impact strengthen resilience and improve
ensure the long-term sustainability of a stakeholders in order to improve the on port operations and infrastructure. preparedness to adapt to the changing
port and its operations. America
competitive position of the sea and It is vital for ports to act to strengthen climate. 13
air ports’ communities. resilience and adapt their infrastructure
2.2.1 Digitalization and relevant operations to the changing
• optimizes, manages and automates Europe
climate.
Digitalization can assist ports to port and logistics processes through 25
Asia
enhance the efficiency of processes a single submission of data and 8
and operations, ensuring that they connecting transport and logistics Navigating a Changing
become more environmentally chains. Climate and survey on The NaCC partners identified that a
Oceania
sustainable, economically efficient extreme weather events lack of data on the consequences
7
and capable of handling increased Digitalization also serves trade The core PCS benefits for all parties of inaction is a potential barrier to
facilitation, removing administrative Navigating a Changing Climate (NaCC) justifying investments in improving
port traffic. Advances in automation involved are higher efficiency and
burden and simplifying data exchange is an initiative launched in 2015 by climate-resilience. Therefore, in May
and new innovative technologies, speed regarding port processes,
between parties in the supply chain. the World Association for Waterborne 2019 NaCC devised and launched 49 extreme weather events were
including Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly through automation and the
Transport Infrastructure (PIANC). NaCC a survey in order to gauge just how reported in detail. The most dominant
big data, Internet of Things (IoT) and reduction of paperwork. In this way,
In line with the provisions of the brings together a multi-stakeholder much impact extreme weather and characteristics of the reported events
blockchain, offer great opportunities for PCSs contribute to sustainable
World Trade Organisation (WTO) coalition of nine associations with oceanographic events are having on included extreme wind, followed by ex-
ports. In this context the ‘Smart Port’ transport logistics and support the
Trade Facilitation Agreement and interests in waterborne transport ports around the world. The survey also treme waves, rainfall and overtopping
concept has emerged. Smart Ports ambitions to meet global carbon
the IMO’s Convention on Facilitation infrastructure. considered wider issues, for example incidents.
use technology solutions to increase reduction requirements.
efficiency and improve security. of International Maritime Traffic the role of warning systems and
Source: International Port Community
(FAL Convention), Member States contingency plans.
Systems Association (IPCSA)
are implementing Single Window
ChainPORT
systems. Trade-related information The survey has been developed to
ChainPORT is an and documentation should only be gather aggregate, high-level data on
international partner- submitted once at a single-entry point extreme weather and oceanographic It is vital for ports to act
ship between the using a Single Window. By expediting events experienced by ports.
world’s leading ports. Members share and simplifying information flows
to strengthen resilience
Furthermore it focused on costs and
knowledge, learn from one another, between trade and government, all consequences in terms of damage, and adapt their
co-develop innovations and highlight parties involved in cross-border trade clean-up and additional maintenance
common topics of interest. The aim, stand to gain.
infrastructure and
costs, as well as those associated with
through solid debate on the effects of closures, downtime and delays. relevant operations to the
the digital revolution, is to optimally In parallel, developing Single Windows The full results of the survey will be
apply technology using existing systems push ports to look closer at The partners of the Navigating a
changing climate.
presented during the IAPH 2020 World
infrastructure, and ensure future Business-to-Business information Changing Climate (NaCC) initiative are Ports Conference in Antwerp and the
investments secure long-term payback. exchange in the port community committed to work together to support publication of a full report by the NaCC
The ports of Hamburg and Los Angeles and the logistics chain. This drives the inland and maritime navigation partners will follow later in 2020. Some
spearhead ChainPORT in close the development of Port Community infrastructure sector as they respond key preliminary findings are outlined in
Courtesy Port of Brisbane
cooperation with partnering ports of Systems (PCS). to climate change. NaCC furthers this section.
Courtesy Port of Brisbane
15 16
PIANC Report - Climate
Main extreme weather events characteristics Change Adaptation Planning 3. CLIMATE AND ENERGY
100
for Ports and Inland
Waterways
90
Early 2020, PIANC released its 3.1 WPSP Overview Winner of IAPH 2019
PERCENTAGE OF RESPONDENTS
80
‘Climate Change Adaptation Planning Ports subscribe to the Paris Climate Agreement goal which aims to keep the in- Award: Port of Amsterdam
70
for Ports and Inland Waterways’ guide.
60
crease in global average temperature to well below 2 °C above pre-industrial levels. – Integrated Green Energy
The guide, prepared by international
50 experts of PIANC’s Working Group 178, 6. GOVERNANCE AND ETHICS
Port community actors can collaborate in refining and developing tools to facilitate Solutions
reduction of CO2 and other greenhouse gas emissions from shipping, port and
40 introduces the potential consequences landside operations. In addition, they can take initiatives to enable energy transition, In developing circular economy
30 of climate change and some of the improve energy efficiency and stimulate circular economy. initiatives, port authorities work together
challenges to be addressed if ports with their industrial clusters to generate
20
and waterways are to adapt effectively. their own energy and give new
10
It then introduces a four-stage economic purpose to waste products.
Interest of ports
43 ⁄
0 methodological framework to help port
Wind Extreme Rainfall Over- High flow/ Extreme Extreme Low Sediment Fog Other
2. RESILIENT
Number of projects on Climate and INFRASTRUCTURE
120
waves topping strong cold/ heat flow or debris (dust) and waterway owners and operators One highly innovative example can be
currents/ snow/ transport Energy/ total projects in the WPSP
plan for improved resilience. found with the construction of a plant
high water ice jam
Portfolio
levels/surge
in the Port of Amsterdam transforming
Resilient infrastructure chapter • Stage 1 facilitates understanding of plastic to diesel, with the aim of
Extreme weatherevents
survey were
– percieved how assets, operations and systems processing 35,000 tons of plastic into
45% of the reported Only 15% respondents have an
significance of event
considered to have a “significant or extreme weather risk assessment,
could be impacted and who should Main relevant SDGs 30 million liters of fuel annually. This
be involved in identifying climate has the potential to result in a reduction
critical” effect in terms of port closure or contingency plan and warning
4. COMMUNITY OUTREACH & PORT CITYCO2
DIALOGUE
change adaptation requirements. of approximately 57,270 tons of
downtime. system in place. Nearly a quarter of
respondents have no formal procedures emissions, as the fuel produced
Critical • Stage 2 identifies the type of
in place to deal with extreme events. emits 80% less CO2 compared to
Not climate-related information needed to
applicable
regular diesel.
prepare an adaptation strategy, and
explains how reference to climate
Warning and response systems
change scenarios can assist in
Not in place (53 responses)
Significant significant understanding the range of possible
60%
Main focus areas
5. SAFETY AND SECURITY
future changes.
50% • Stage 3 describes how the 1. Initiatives to reduce GHG emissions from ships (16/43)
vulnerability of waterborne transport 2. Increasing the efficiency of port operations (11/43)
Moderate 40% infrastructure assets, operations and 3. Clean and renewable energy production, demonstration and
systems can be assessed and a risk implementation projects (9/43)
30% analysis undertaken. 4. Ecosystems management for carbon capture and adaptation to climate
• Stage 4 presents a portfolio of change (4/43)
In terms of the frequency and
20% potential measures (structural, 5. Circular economy (3/43)
magnitude of the experienced events, operational and institutional) to be
41% of respondents indicated that the 10% considered when developing an
event was “unprecedented”. In addition, adaptation pathway. More than one third of the port projects in the WPSP Portfolio address the Climate
more than half of the respondents 0%
Risk Contingency Warning No system
and Energy area of interest. GHG emission reduction from ships is the highest
indicated that this type of event is being assessment
procedure
plan system in place Sixteen international good practice priority in this category. Initiatives include providing onshore power supply,
experienced more frequently. case studies are appended to the incentivising best-performing vessels, investing in infrastructure to supply low
guidance, along with various templates carbon fuels and port call optimization. This is in line with the international policy
to be used for data collection and developments at the level of the International Maritime Organization and its Initial
Comments on the frequency and magnitude of events record keeping. Strategy on GHG emission reduction, which aims at least halving emissions from
international shipping by 2050, compared to 2008 levels.
The guide also provides support to the
recent PIANC Declaration on Climate The second priority is improving energy efficiency of operations in the port area.
Other stakeholders were also affected
Change. It enables PIANC members This is being achieved through innovative processes and technologies addressing
A warning would have helped and the wider navigation infrastructure the production, demonstration and implementation of clean and renewable energy
A warning helped to minimize effects
community to take timely action to in ports. So far, few of the submitted projects address the issues around circular
strengthen resilience and adapt port economy and the management of ecosystems for carbon capture and adaptation to
This was an unprecedented or exceptional event and waterway infrastructure and climate change.
This type of event being experienced more often operations to the effects of climate
change. Finally, the guide fulfils the part
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
of the NaCC Action Plan, which is to
Percentage of respondents (Total of 49)
develop and deliver technical guidance
on climate change adaptation.
17 183.2 Selected initiatives and provision of onshore power supply and investment in future projects. This equipped to use available onshore
data insights (preferably from renewable sources); practical guidance materialized within power, and which demonstrate fuel
safe and efficient bunkering of the framework of the GEF-UNDP-IMO efficiency improvements over time,
alternative low-carbon and zero-carbon GloMEEP project. reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) and
The IMO GHG strategy and
fuels; incentives promoting sustainable particulate matter (PM) emissions. ESI
the Ports Resolution low-carbon and zero-carbon shipping; Emissions toolkits (three for ships and scores range from zero that indicates
In April 2018, IMO’s Marine and support for the optimization of port two for ports) have been developed ship’s legal compliance to hundred
Environment Protection Committee calls including facilitation of just-in-time within the framework of GloMEEP that indicates close to zero exhaust
(MEPC) adopted an Initial Strategy arrival of ships. The Resolution was to enable countries to understand emissions. As such, the ESI score
on the reduction of greenhouse gas initiated by the Canadian government the nature of emissions from ships is a perfect indicator of the exhaust
emissions from ships, setting out a and IAPH and was co-sponsored by at sea and in ports, and to formulate emissions’ performance of ocean-
vision to reduce GHG emissions from several other Member States and strategies to reduce them. Alongside going vessels and assists in identifying
international shipping and to eventually NGOs. these toolkits, additional studies have cleaner ships that proactively go
phase them out, as soon as possible been made on emissions detection, beyond legal compliance.
within this century. More specifically, In line with the focus areas of the control and the potential use of
the Initial Strategy envisages a Resolution, IAPH is committed alternative fuels. Furthermore, a series ESI operates on a purely voluntary
reduction in total GHG emissions from to concrete initiatives on port call of workshops was held in several Courtesy Port of Helsinki basis. Through ESI, ports and other
international shipping by at least 50% optimization, port incentives for port locations. These helped to raise interested parties can promote
by 2050 compared to 2008, while energy-efficient vessels, clean marine awareness, training participants on how ships to use cleaner engines and
pursuing efforts to phase them out fuels, and onshore power supply as to conduct emissions inventories and is for lower costs, cleaner environment, Incentive schemes - fuels and with preferential treatment
entirely. highlighted in the sections below. develop emission reduction strategies more reliability and safety for shipping, Environmental Ship Index offered either through discounts on
Furthermore, and following the in the port area. terminals and ports. port dues, bonuses or other benefits
(ESI)
In October 2018, IMO approved a cooperative spirit of the resolution, commensurate with the level of
follow-up program, intended for use IAPH works closely with the Port Call Optimization and The Taskforce has mapped out a Ports can encourage vessels to cleanliness.
as a planning tool in meeting these International Chamber of Shipping complete definition of the port call become more environmentally friendly
Just-In-Time arrival of vessels
timelines. It broadly identified candidate (ICS) in further and jointly achieving process from a physical, technical, legal by applying incentives to best- The ESI vessel register now accounts
short-term and medium/long-term progress in all these four fields. Port call optimization helps reducing and data exchange perspective. This performing vessels. Established by for over 8,000 oceangoing vessels, with
measures needing further examination. greenhouse gas emissions from is the result of five years of research IAPH back in 2011, the Environmental 58 incentive providers having signed
Global Maritime Energy shipping, next to producing efficiency and cooperation between the industry Ship Index (ESI) is the main global up since its foundation nine years ago.
In May 2019, MEPC 74 adopted and safety gains. The International partners to a point where the next step index for the provision of port incentives The Index contains over half of the
Efficiency Partnerships
Resolution MEPC.323(74), which Harbor Masters Association (IHMA) and will involve agreeing on a standard data to cleaner vessels. world’s container vessels, with tankers
(GloMEEP) IAPH endorse and promote the work of
invites Member States to encourage format for information exchange. Once (gas, chemical and oil) accounting
voluntary cooperation between the port IAPH, in collaboration with the the International Taskforce on Port Call this important milestone is achieved, ESI identifies seagoing ships that for 28% of the total ships registered.
and shipping sectors to contribute to IMO, identified a need for technical Optimization, which aims at improving the aim is to incorporate port call perform better in reducing air emissions Since its inception in 2011, the number
reducing GHG emissions from ships. guidance on emissions and energy quality and availability of master and optimization as an industry standard than required by the current emission of ESI-registered vessels, incentive
The Resolution promotes regulatory, efficiency to support port operators event data which will deliver benefits with global recognition. standards of the International Maritime providers and improved ESI average
technical, operational and economic and developers in their planning as to ports, shipping lines, terminals, Organization. scores demonstrate the overall success
actions in the port sector, such as the part of their operational management service providers and society. The aim The Taskforce has provided input to of the scheme.
the IMO Global Industry Alliance (GIA) The ESI formula evaluates the amount
to Support Low Carbon Shipping, of nitrogen oxide (NOx) and sulphur The map on the following pages high-
which is a public-private partnership oxide (SOx) that is emitted by a ship. lights the ports that are currently providing
initiative under the framework of the The calculation also rewards vessels incentives based on the ESI index.
IMO GloMEEP project. This aims to
bring together maritime industry leaders
to support an energy-efficient and
low-carbon maritime transport system.
One of the focus areas of the Alliance is Evolution of ESI registered vessels (2011 - 2020)
Just-In-Time (JIT) arrival of ships. The
Alliance is holding JIT trials and has 9000
developed a practical guide to support 8000
implementation of JIT.
7000
Until now, the Global Industry Alliance 6000
has operated under the IMO GloMEEP 5000
program, and is connected to the 4000
work of the International Taskforce
3000
on Port Call Optimization. Moving
2000
ahead, further work on port call
optimization will become part of the 1000
IMO’s GreenVoyage-2050 project in 0
collaboration with the government of 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Patrick Verhoeven (IAPH), Caroline Kroes (Port of Rotterdam), Sakura Kuma (Yokohama Kawasaki Port) and Lisa Wunder (Port of Los Angeles)
presenting port initiatives to decarbonise shipping at IMO MEPC 73. Norway.
19 20Map of ESI Ports
NORWAY
NETHERLANDS SWEDEN
Port of Oslo
Port of Amstredam Port of Gothenberg Port of Alesund
Port of Rotterdam Port of Bergen
FRANCE Groningen Seaports Port of Kristiansand
Tata Steel 1 Ijmuiden Terminals Port of Stravanger
Port of Le Havre
Zeeland Seaports
DENMARK
Ports of Paris Port of Flåm and Gudvangen
Port of Aarhus
Atlantic Port La Rochelle Port of Florø
Port of Rouen Haropa
FINLAND Port Authority of Fredrikstad & Sarpsborg
Grand Port Maritime de Marseille Port of Helsinki Ltd Karmsund Port Authority
Grand Port Maritime de la Réunion Port of Drammen
Grand Port Maritime de Bordeaux Port of Trondheim
Dunkerque Port
UK
Port of London Authority
GERMANY
Hamburg Port Authority
CANADA Ports of Bremen/Bremerhaven
ESTONIA Seehaven Kiel Gmbh & Co KG
Prince Rupert Port Authority
Port of Tallinn Brunsbüttel Ports GMBH
Vancouver Fraser Port Authority
Port of Rostock
Niedersachsen Ports
Jade Wesser Port
BELGIUM
Port of Antwerp
Port of Zeebrugge
Ghent Port Company JAPAN
Port of Tokyo
Port of Yokohama
USA
Port of Los Angeles
The Port Authority of
SPAIN
Port Authority of Barcelona
OMAN SOUTH KOREA
New York & New Jersey
Port of Sohar Busan Port Authority
Ulsan Port Authority
ISRAEL
PANAMA Port of Ashdod
Panama Canal Authority
AUSTRALIA
NSW Ports
ARGENTINA
Port of Buenos Aires
NEW ZEALAND
Port Nelson Limited
21 22Evolution of ESI Average vessel score
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Evolution of ESI incentive providers
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
The ESI Working Group works in close cooperation with other existing incentive
schemes such as Green Award and the Clean Shipping Index (CSI).
Courtesy Port of Rotterdam
Clean Marine Fuels CMF embeds and builds on the operational information to promote OPS
previous work of IAPH on the safe installations in ports.
The IAPH Clean Marine Fuels (CMF)
bunkering of Liquefied Natural Gas
Working Group aims to assist ports
(LNG) as marine fuel and aims to The map on the following page
to establish safe and efficient bunker
transfer the lessons learned and highlights the 66 ports in sixteen
operations as they migrate towards
experience acquired to all alternative countries that currently provide high
clean marine fuel provision. The goal is
fuels that the shipping industry will be voltage OPS for sea-going vessels.
to support the transition of the shipping
selecting to use on its pathway towards
industry towards decarbonization and It is interesting to note that back in 2011
de-carbonization.
improve air quality. when IAPH produced its overview of
ports providing OPS, there were sixteen
The Working Group aims to Onshore Power Supply ports with high voltage connections.
simultaneously tackle climate change The provision of onshore power supply Nowadays 66 ports provide high
and improve air quality by focusing on (OPS) to ships at berth, for them to voltage OPS.
safe bunker operations for new fuels, connect to the grid and turn-off their
which can ultimately contribute to both engines, has long been identified as Current developments overall
objectives ‘from well to propeller’. an effective solution to reduce air demonstrate that OPS is gaining
Through an open, data-sharing pollution in ports and overall GHG momentum with an increasing number
information platform, the Working emissions from vessels. Back in of ports working on implementation
Group is building a knowledge base 2009, IAPH established a working projects.
that will enable ports to supply and group on OPS that developed a
transfer clean marine fuels to ships. website with all relevant technical and
23 24Map of high voltage OPS facilities
NORWAY SWEDEN
Agotnes Gothenburg
Bergen Kapellskär
Dusavik Karlskrona
Floro Stockholm
Kristiansand Trelleborg
Kristiansund Ystad
DENMARK
Larvik Värtahamnen
Frederikshavn
Orkanger Visby
Helsingborg
Oslo FINLAND
Helsingor
Sanderfjord Kemi
Stord Kotka
CANADA Trondheim Oulu
Halifax
Montreal
Prince Rupert NETHERLANDS LATVIA
Quebec Rotterdam Liepaja
Vancouver Hoek van Holland Riga
GERMANY
USA FRANCE Cuxhaven
Brooklyn Antibes Hamburg
Hueneme Dunkerque Kiel
BELGIUM
Juneau Marseille Lubeck
Antwerp
Los Angeles Zeebrugge CHINA
Long Beach Guangzhou
Oakland Lianyungang
San Diego Ningbo Zhoushan
San Francisco SPAIN MALTA ITALY Qingdao
Seattle Palma de Mallorca Delimara Ancona Shanghai
Tacoma Genoa Shenzhen
Livorno
INDIA
Tuticorin
Sources:
Friends of the Earth International (2018),
DNV GL (2020),
European Alternative Fuels Observatory (2019),
World Ports Sustainability Program (2020),
International Association of Ports and Harbors (2011)
25 26Getting to Zero Coalition numbers to be radically scaled up Authority of New York & New Jersey,
The Getting to Zero Coalition is a
through the 2030s and 2040s. This will Port of Amsterdam and HAROPA Port
4. COMMUNITY OUTREACH & PORT CITY DIALOGUE
require both developing the vessels of Le Havre.
powerful alliance of more than 100 as well as the future fuel supply chain,
companies within the maritime, energy, which can only be done through close
infrastructure and finance sectors, collaboration and deliberate collective 4.1 WPSP Overview Winners IAPH 2019 Awards
supported by key governments and action between the maritime industry,
international non-governmental Ports are granted and maintain their license to operate and to grow by their local In line with the high number of projects
the energy sector, the financial communities. Sustainable ports effectively address the social and environmental and their diversified focus, two sub-
organizations, including IAPH. The sector, and governments and non- impact of port operations and strive towards continuously improving the way they categories were defined for the 2019
Coalition was launched during the UN governmental organizations. 5.port
work. Sustainable SAFETY
developmentAND projects SECURITY
need port community stakeholder IAPH Sustainability Awards competition
Climate Action Summit in New York in
September 2019 and is committed to involvement right from the start and until completion. Furthermore, port community - 'Port Development and License
The Getting to Zero Coalition is an WPCAP focuses on five main areas: actors can actively engage urban stakeholders by offering them innovative, to Operate’ and one addressing
getting commercially viable deep sea initiative of the Global Maritime Forum, efficiency of supply chains, common ‘Externalities of Port Operations’.
zero-emission vessels powered by zero- mutually-beneficial projects that help make their city more attractive and resilient.
with project partners including the and ambitious policy, power-to-ship
emission fuels into operation by 2030. World Economic Forum and Friends of solutions, low carbon fuels and
Winner ‘Port Development
Ocean Action. decarbonization of cargo handling. Interest of ports
68 ⁄
and License to Operate’: Port
Number of projects on Community of Busan – Reinventing un-
World Ports Climate Action
Program
WPSP works closely with WPCAP and
the WPSP Platform will be hosting
Outreach / total projects in the WPSP
Portfolio
120 used port space project
the outcomes of the various WPCAP The Port of Busan in South Korea
The World Ports Climate Action working groups, disseminating embarked on an ambitious fifteen-
Program (WPCAP) is an international knowledge acquired and progress Main relevant SDGs year renovation project of unused
initiative by leading ports around the achieved. waterfront space which was citizen-
world that have committed to cooperate led by an advisory committee using
To reach the IMO GHG emission in taking climate action. The participating the website valueforbusan.com to
reduction goals and to make the ports include: Port of Rotterdam, Port brainstorm ways of best using the
transition to full decarbonization of Los Angeles, Port of Long Beach, space for the community. It has
possible, commercially viable zero- Vancouver Fraser Port Authority, Port resulted in the creation of a 7,400
emission vessels must start entering of Hamburg, Port of Antwerp, Port of square meter swimming pool complex,
the global fleet by 2030, with their Barcelona, Port of Gothenburg, Port an 8,900 square meter campsite and a
free outdoor foot spa, which provides
Main focus areas low price access and free events to
1. Initiatives that address environmental externalities (such as air and water low-income families and has generated
pollution, noise, waste) (31/68) local employment for youth and older
2. Initiatives addressing societal needs and demands (e.g. recreation, green community members.
spaces, education, culture, heritage and local economy) (20/68)
3. Protection of ecosystems and biodiversity and ecological recovery Winner ‘Externalities of Port
projects (10/68) Operations’: CIVITAS PORTIS
4. Sustainable port management, planning and development (9/68) Civitas Portis is a collaborative project
testing innovative and sustainable
mobility solutions in the port cities
Community Outreach and Port City Dialogue is the most popular WPSP area of
of Aberdeen, Antwerp, Constanta,
interest in terms of port projects, counting for more than half of the total. This is a
Klaipéda and Trieste. The project is
very broad category, grouping together all initiatives addressing the environmental
coordinated by the city of Antwerp
impact of port operations as well as all those targeting societal integration.
and involves the city of Ningbo as an
observer.
These cities work together on
innovative and sustainable solutions
to improve access to their cities and
ports. The participating cities serve as
living labs and implement integrated
mobility measures, such as introducing
low–emission waterborne passenger
services, building safe bike lane
networks and migrating public transport
services from carbon fuels to electric
Courtesy Port of Helsinki Courtesy Port of Busan
power.
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