WMO STRATEGIC PLAN 2016-2019 - WMO-No. 1161 - World Meteorological ...
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WMO STRATEGIC PLAN
2016–2019
WMO-No. 1161WMO-No. 1161 © World Meteorological Organization, 2015 The right of publication in print, electronic and any other form and in any language is reserved by WMO. Short extracts from WMO publications may be reproduced without authorization, provided that the complete source is clearly indicated. Editorial correspondence and requests to publish, reproduce or translate this publication in part or in whole should be addressed to: Chairperson, Publications Board World Meteorological Organization (WMO) 7 bis, avenue de la Paix Tel.: +41 (0) 22 730 84 03 P.O. Box 2300 Fax: +41 (0) 22 730 80 40 CH-1211 Geneva 2, Switzerland E-mail: publications@wmo.int ISBN 978-92-63-11161-6 NOTE The designations employed in WMO publications and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of WMO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by WMO in preference to others of a similar nature which are not mentioned or advertised. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed in WMO publications with named authors are those of the authors alone and do not necessarily reflect those of WMO or its Members.
CONTENTS
FOREWORD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
CONTEXT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
THE ROLE OF NATIONAL METEOROLOGICAL AND HYDROLOGICAL SERVICES. . . . . . . . . . 5
THE VALUE OF SUSTAINED METEOROLOGICAL AND HYDROLOGICAL INFRASTRUCTURE . . 5
THE ROLE OF WMO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
THE WMO STRATEGIC PLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
GLOBAL SOCIETAL NEEDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
CONTEXT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
ENABLING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
THE ROLE OF NATIONAL METEOROLOGICAL AND HYDROLOGICAL SERVICES. . . . . . . . . . 9
THE ROLE OF WMO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
BUILDING ON ACHIEVEMENTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
EMERGING CHALLENGES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
INTERNAL FACTORS INFLUENCING WMO PRIORITIES 2016–2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
EXTERNAL FACTORS INFLUENCING WMO PRIORITIES 2016–2019. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
WMO PRIORITIES 2016–2019. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
EXPECTED RESULTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
ANNEX I. SCHEMATIC REPRESENTATION OF THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN GLOBAL
SOCIETAL NEEDS, WMO PRIORITIES 2016–2019 AND EXPECTED RESULTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
ANNEX II. BENEFITS OF WEATHER, MARINE WEATHER, CLIMATE, HYDROLOGICAL AND
RELATED ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16FOREWORD small island developing States. This Strategic
Plan recognizes that capacity development is
fundamental to reduce vulnerability; it is a pillar
This Strategic Plan for 2016–2019 reflects the of the Global Framework for Climate Services
decisions and directions of the Seventeenth (GFCS).
World Meteorological Congress, held in Geneva
from 25 May to 12 June 2015. It sets the direc- The Strategic Plan’s three global societal needs,
tions and priorities to guide the activities of the seven priorities and eight expected results describe,
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) to at a high level, the “why” and “how” Members
enable all Members to improve their information, intend to derive benefits from their investments in
products and services. It anticipates increased the global weather, climate and water enterprise.
demand for high-quality weather, hydrological It forms the basis for the Operating Plans of the
and climate services to enhance community Secretariat, the six regional associations and the
resilience, contribute to economic growth and eight technical commissions that comprise the
protect life and property from extreme weather, “who”, “what’ and “when” for the activities to be
climate and water events. undertaken. The investments that will be required
are described in the results-based budget of the
The Plan outlines our collective efforts to sustain Organization.
hydrometeorological infrastructure and advance
our knowledge of the Earth system through We share in the confidence expressed by Congress
science and technology. Our goal is to provide that the ability of NMHSs to meet their national
the citizens that we serve with fit-for-purpose, mandates will be aided through the implementa-
high-quality weather, climate and hydrological tion of this Plan. Our collective efforts will enable
services. Furthermore, it illustrates the contribution our citizens to make informed decisions and be
of the National Meteorological and Hydrological better prepared to withstand weather, water,
Services (NMHSs) of Members in achieving the climate and environmental extremes.
United Nations Sustainable Development Goals
and the desired outcomes of the Sendai Framework
for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030.
Congress recognized that, although all societies
and national economies are affected by extreme
events, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change made note that droughts, floods and
sea-level rise pose increasing risk particularly (D. Grimes) (M. Jarraud)
to developing and least developed countries and President Secretary-General
3EXECUTIVE SUMMARY contributing to economic growth and supporting
environmental stewardship.
CONTEXT THE ROLE OF NATIONAL
METEOROLOGICAL AND
Weather, marine weather, climate, hydrological and HYDROLOGICAL SERVICES
environmental monitoring and prediction services
are recognized for their essential contributions to the Weather-, marine weather-, climate- and water-
protection of life and property from meteorological related hazards do not necessarily need to become
and hydrological hazards including severe storms, natural disasters. National Meteorological and
excessive heat, droughts and floods. Furthermore, Hydrological Services strive to provide early
they also underpin economic growth in sectors includ- warnings of high-impact events. Likewise, they
ing agriculture and food production, transportation, provide information on climate extremes and
energy and water resources. High-impact weather variability, enabling society to better adapt to a
and climate extremes are likely to occur with greater changing climate through improved community
frequency and intensity due to climate variability and resilience, water resource management and food
change. Today, these changes in weather, climate, security strategies.
water, the chemical composition of the atmosphere,
as well as other related environmental conditions, National Meteorological and Hydrological
such as those caused by space weather effects, Services play an active role in the International
have compelling consequences for the environment Strategy for Disaster Reduction national, regional
and for the prosperity of nations. Investments to and global platforms to bring together elements
strengthen monitoring infrastructure and improve of science, operational services and relation-
the quality of weather, marine weather, climate ships with both the public and private sectors
and hydrological predictions can result in effective in disaster risk management in a holistic way.
disaster prevention and socioeconomic planning. Information products and services provided
Future investments are also required to optimize by NMHSs have a positive impact on critical
socioeconomic benefits to mitigate and adapt to decisions made in economic sectors sensitive
high-impact weather, marine weather, climate and to the extremes of weather, climate and water.
hydrological extremes. These services provided by NMHSs also help
to improve environmental quality, enable safe
The implications of changing weather, climate, and efficient transportation and support positive
water and related environmental conditions are health outcomes through warnings of health
escalating the demand from governments, insti- impacts of poor air quality or vector-borne
tutions and citizens for more useful and reliable disease outbreaks. Therefore, the services
information, products and services. WMO and provided by NMHSs are of enormous benefit
the National Meteorological and Hydrological for decision-makers addressing global, regional
Services of its Members play a foundational and national challenges.
and authoritative role in the provision of these
products and services. This demand is also THE VALUE OF SUSTAINED
fuelling growth in value-added private-sector METEOROLOGICAL AND
service providers. HYDROLOGICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
WMO and NMHSs are exploring methods to To deliver ef fective value -added weather,
improve efficiencies through regional collaboration marine weather, climate and hydrological
and cooperation, forming cost-effective partner- services, NMHSs must have a strong under-
ships amongst themselves, other institutions and standing of the needs of government, the
private-sector service providers. This will improve public and other key stakeholders. To deliver
the capacity of NMHSs to meet the expectations of high-qualit y ser vices that meet the needs
governments for saving lives, reducing damages, of decision-makers, NMHSs must develop,
5maintain and improve scientific and techno- Under the WMO framework, NMHSs deploy,
logical infrastructure and attract and retain operate and sustain essential infrastructure in
skilled personnel to operate and manage a coordinated manner to deliver a wide range
sophisticated meteorological, hydrological of services that support decision-making on
and related environmental net works. The current and emerging issues. They benefit from
benefits of these services to governments, strengthened partnerships with United Nations
institutions and citizens hinge on real-time bodies active in the field of climate adapta-
monitoring and modelling of atmospheric and tion, such as the Adaptation Committee, and
related ocean processes and the water cycle, in relation with climate mitigation, such as the
which form the basis for all weather, marine Climate Technology Centre and Network, both
weather, climate and hydrological forecasts established by the Conference of the Parties to
and projections. the United Nations Framework Convention on
Climate Change at its sixteenth session. WMO
To be sustainable, NMHSs require investment supports the work of the broader international
in their core infrastructure, including robust community and international conventions or
and globally coordinated observation systems, treaties, such as the United Nations Framework
information and computing technologies, and Convention on Climate Change and the United
human resource development. Some essential Nations Convention to Combat Desertification.
infrastructure components needed to support This collaborative framework results in a much
service delivery, such as high-performance more efficient use of global resources.
computing, are not available at all NMHSs. WMO
has an essential and unique role in providing THE WMO STRATEGIC PLAN
the frameworks for the required global and
regional coordination and cooperation that The WMO Strategic Plan sets the directions and
supports all Members, for example, Global priorities to guide the activities of Members and
and Regional Specialized Centres and Regional all WMO constituent bodies to enable all Members
Training Centres. to improve their core information, products and
services, maintain necessary infrastructure, and
THE ROLE OF WMO to directly benefit from advancements in science
and technology. This Plan emphasizes the follow-
WMO is a specialized agency of the United Nations, ing key priorities to advance the realization of the
with 191 Member States and Territories. It is the eight expected results, which outline the benefits
United Nations system’s authoritative voice on the and improvements to the capacity of all Members:
state and behaviour of the Earth’s atmosphere, its
interaction with the land and oceans, the weather 1. Improve the accuracy and effectiveness of
and climate it produces and the resulting distribu- impact-based forecasts and multi-hazard
tion of water resources. Since its establishment early warnings of high-impact meteorologi-
in 1950, WMO has been central in facilitating cal, hydrological and related environmental
international collaboration and cooperation for hazards from the tropics to the poles;
observations, data and knowledge exchange,
setting standards, coordinating scientific and 2. Implement climate services under the Global
technical methods and capacity development Framework for Climate Services;
for the benefit of its Members and their NMHSs.
WMO Programmes such as the World Weather 3. Strengthen the global observing systems
Watch facilitate the gathering, processing and through the implementation of the WMO
sharing of information, expertise and technology Integrated Global Observing System (WIGOS)
to create cost-effective solutions for the provision and the WMO Information System (WIS);
of weather, marine weather, climate, hydrological
and related environmental services delivered by 4. Improve the ability of NMHSs to provide
its Members. sustainable high-quality services to support
6the safety, efficiency and regularity of air GLOBAL SOCIETAL NEEDS
traffic management worldwide;
5. Improve operational meteorological and CONTEXT
hydrological monitoring, prediction and
services in polar and high-mountain regions; High-impact weather, marine weather, climate
and hydrological events (storms, floods, droughts
6. Enhance the capacity of NMHSs to deliver and so forth) have devastating effects throughout
on their mission; the world, resulting in injury and loss of life,
displacement of people, work disruption and
7. Improve efficiency and effectiveness of destruction of communities. Furthermore, air
WMO by adopting continuous improvement pollution is responsible for 7 million premature
measures and recommendations based deaths worldwide every year. The personal and
on a strategic review of WMO structures, social costs of these losses are tremendous; the
operating arrangements and budgeting financial impacts alone are enormous – insured
practices. losses from natural catastrophes have ranged
between US$ 10 billion and US$ 50 billion a year
internationally over the past decade (Figure 1).
WMO STRATEGIC PRIORITIES
This rise in economic losses can be partly
1. Disaster risk reduction
attributed to the increasing vulnerability of
people and infrastructure to the impact of
2. Global Framework for Climate Services weather and climate extremes due to growing
human settlements – particularly in flood plains
WMO Integrated Global Observing
3. and coastal regions – urbanization, the rise of
System
megacities, economic interdependencies and
4. Aviation meteorological services obsolescence of infrastructure. Weather, marine
weather, climate and hydrological extremes are
5. Polar and high-mountain regions contributing to ever-larger economic losses and,
in some cases, slower economic post-disaster
recovery, particularly in developing and least
6. Capacity development
developed countries and small island develop-
ing States.
7. Governance
A global analysis of the statistics of disasters
These priorities reflect the inputs from all WMO as a consequence of environmental hazards
Members and constituent bodies and guide indicates a significant increase in the total
decisions for the upcoming financial period number of disasters having larger impacts on
2016–2019 to ensure that the Plan brings the the economy, but conversely, a notable decrease
greatest benefits to Members. These priorities in the associated number of total deaths. There
as well as expected results (see Annex I) are is strong evidence that increasingly accurate
reflected in the integrated WMO results-based early warnings and their integration into disaster
budget and are detailed in the WMO Operating risk reduction approaches have contributed to
Plan, which presents time-bound programme significant saving of lives. Nevertheless, high-
activities and projects. The Operating Plan forms impact weather events, such as tropical storms,
the basis for resource allocation, and defines the continue to pose elevated risks to the safety of
risks and performance matrices against which lives and property, particularly in developing
to assess progress to achieve expected results and least developed countries. Typhoon Haiyan
through the WMO Monitoring and Evaluation that devastated the Philippines in 2013 is a stark
System. reminder of this ongoing reality.
71 200.0
1 000.0
800.0 Wildfire
Extreme temperature
600.0 Drought
Storm
400.0 Mass movement wet
Floods
200.0
0.0
1965–1974 1975–1984 1985–1994 1995–2004 2005–2014
Figure 1. Global total economic losses by decade and by hazard type in billions of United States
dollars adjusted to 2012 for the period 1965–2014 (Sources: WMO and CRED, 2015)
ENABLING SUSTAINABLE and energy, healthy lives, gender equality,
DEVELOPMENT and economic growth, and combat climate
change by making available weather,
Recognizing the growing socioeconomic and climate, hydrological and related environ-
environmental risks and the benefits that meteo- mental services to support climate risk
rological and hydrological services bring, WMO management, climate resilience, green
Programmes are being designed to improve the economy, disaster risk reduction, food
capabilities of all NMHSs, especially those in security and agriculture, improved health
developing and least developed countries and and social well-being of citizens, water
small island developing States, to meet their management, and tapping renewable
mandates and benefit the governments, institu- energy resources such as hydro-, solar
tions and citizens of their countries. WMO, through and wind power;
its Members, constituencies and Secretariat,
implements programmes and project initiatives • Sustainable use of natural resources
to meet the following broad global societal needs and improved environmental quality by
of fundamental importance to every Member of designing weather, climate, hydrologi-
the Organization and contribute to the post-2015 cal and related environmental services
sustainable development agenda: to manage atmospheric, terrestrial and
water resources at all timescales, and the
• Improved protection of life and property development and management of other
to reduce disaster risks by mitigating the natural resources.
impacts of hazardous weather, climate,
water and other environmental events, and The weather, marine weather, climate and hydrologi-
addressing the need for improved safety of cal services provided by NMHSs are fundamental
transport on land, at sea and in the air; to support the three interdependent pillars of
sustainable development: social, economic and
• End poverty, ensure sustainable resilient environmental. The contribution of WMO and its
livelihoods, food security, access to water Members to each of these pillars is described in
8Annex II. The value of these services increases responding to the global societal needs. National
with the quality, accuracy, timeliness, location Meteorological and Hydrological Services are
specificity and utility of the information applied built upon a foundation of observations and data
in the decision-making process to reduce risks that, together with research activities, are used to
and to optimize benefits. produce relevant, timely and quality information
and services. Such information and services can
Weather and hydrological services enable shorter- have a positive impact on the critical decisions
term preparedness and response to events, whereas of those who are sensitive to the extremes of
longer-term climate information at the seasonal weather, climate and water, as well as help
and decadal timescales is essential for long-term decision-makers address societal needs. Early
planning purposes. WMO has spearheaded the warnings of high-impact weather, marine weather,
establishment of the Global Framework for Climate climate and hydrological events can contribute
Services to guide the development and application to improved food security strategies, community
of science-based climate information and services resilience and water resource management,
in support of decision-making. The vision of the enabling society to adapt to climate change, to
Framework is to enable society to better manage prevent loss of life and property and to limit the
the risks and opportunities arising from climate disastrous effects of high-impact weather events.
variability and change, especially for those who These services also help to improve environmental
are most vulnerable to such risks. Together with quality, enable safe and efficient transportation
the shorter-term information NMHSs provide, this and support positive health outcomes through
will allow seamless information to be provided warnings of health impacts from poor air quality
across all timescales in support of sustainable or vector-borne disease outbreaks.
development.
WMO plays an essential role in coordinating global
THE ROLE OF NATIONAL meteorological data and in setting service delivery
METEOROLOGICAL AND quality standards for NMHSs. The efficiency and
HYDROLOGICAL SERVICES effectiveness of NMHSs is enhanced through
improved data interoperability and quality man-
Figure 2 below illustrates the role of a National agement systems, enabling them to better fulfil
Meteorological and Hydrological Service in their mandates, demonstrate their relevance and
DRIVERS INPUTS PROCESSES OUTPUTS SOCIETAL BENEFITS
Disaster risk
reduction
Weather services
Safety and economic
Research
Climate services cooperation of air,
maritime and land
Hydrological and transport
Data-processing
Global water management
Modelling
societal needs services Resilience to
Forecasting
climate variabilty
Environmental and change
Observations
services
Data exchange Sustainable use of
Research findings natural resources
Economic growth
Standards, quality management, risk management,
efficiency, effectiveness
Capacity development
ENABLERS Partnerships
Figure 2. Schematic representation of the processes involved in delivering effective weather, climate
and hydrological services, and processes to achieve them linked with the WMO mandate
9raise their visibility within national governments (g) To provide guidance to national regulations
and with other stakeholder organizations. on provision of official meteorological infor-
mation and advice, through the Common
THE ROLE OF WMO Alerting Protocol and Register of Alerting
Authorities.
Under its collaborative framework, WMO provides
world leadership and expertise in international The mandate of WMO directly supports the delivery
cooperation in the delivery and use of high-quality, of effective services by NMHSs for the safety of
authoritative weather, climate, hydrological and life, the protection of property and support for
related environmental services by its Members, sustainable development.
for the improvement of the well-being of societies
of all nations. It does so through the coordination BUILDING ON ACHIEVEMENTS
of standards and practices among its Members,
based on core values of professionalism, excellence, For decades, WMO Members and their NMHSs
impartiality, cultural sensitivity, non-discrimination have made remarkable progress delivering on
and team spirit in international service. The mis- WMO priorities. The following are recent examples
sion of WMO, as described in its Convention, is: over the last four years:
(a) To facilitate worldwide cooperation in the (a) WMO has played a key role in the establish-
establishment of networks of stations for ment of the Global Framework for Climate
the conduct of meteorological observations Services, bringing operational climate
as well as hydrological and other geo- services a step closer to realizing their full
physical observations, and to promote the potential;
establishment and maintenance of centres
charged with the provision of meteorological, (b) Significant advances among the NMHSs in
hydrological and related services; implementing quality management systems
and personnel competency standards to
(b) To promote the establishment and main- further improve the efficiency and safety
tenance of systems for the rapid global of international aviation;
exchange of meteorological, hydrological
and related information; (c) Coordination of international scientific
developments in suppor t of new and
(c) To promote standardization of meteorologi- evolving environmental hazard services
cal, hydrological and related observations and associated monitoring systems, for
and to ensure the uniform publication of example, for space weather, air pollution,
observations and statistics; sandstorms and duststorms, and volcanic
ash;
(d) To further the application of meteorology
to aviation, shipping, water management, (d) Global and regional plans have been
agriculture and other human activities; developed for implementing WIGOS and
360 national, regional and global centres
(e) To promote activities in operational hydrology have enhanced their capabilities in support
and to promote close cooperation between of WIS;
meteorological and hydrological services;
(e) The provision by NMHSs, and use by
(f) To encourage research and training in disaster and civil protection agencies, of
meteorology, hydrology and, as appropriate, severe weather forecasts and warnings
in related fields, and to assist in coordinating has improved in many regions through the
international aspects such as research and implementation of severe weather forecast-
training; ing demonstration projects.
10This WMO Strategic Plan builds upon these (f) Effective mobilization of resources, efficiency
achievements. in their use and effective modern governance
and decision-making nationally, regionally
and globally.
EMERGING CHALLENGES
EXTERNAL FACTORS INFLUENCING
WMO PRIORITIES 2016–2019
INTERNAL FACTORS INFLUENCING
WMO PRIORITIES 2016–2019 High-impact weather, marine weather, climate
and hydrological extremes continue to have
Many challenges confront WMO Members, espe- significant consequences around the globe
cially those that face significant development and and have caught the attention of world leaders.
capability gaps in serving the weather-, climate- Concerns are mounting about the increasing
and water-related needs of their governments, socioeconomic vulnerabilities, risks and severity
institutions and citizens. Reliable, high-quality of these events due to climate variability and
services that help prevent the loss of life and change, coupled with increased urbanization
property, contribute to economic growth and especially in densely populated coastal areas
support environmental stewardship worldwide and the importance of shipping for commerce.
depend upon the following: The rapidly increasing scale of environmental
change being observed in the Polar Regions is
(a) Understanding and integrating the needs already having significant implications on weather
of various user communities, including and climate patterns worldwide. Demands
disaster and civil protection agencies, are escalating for improved monitoring, more
into forecasts and warning programmes, accurate and reliable data, better forecasts
t ak ing into ac c ount gender- sp e c if ic and advanced impact-based warnings, which
aspects; inform decision-making that mitigates and
adapts to these risks and minimizes disastrous
(b) Availability of modern meteorological, cli- consequences. Continuing economic pressures
matological and hydrological infrastructure around the world mean that there is an increasing
and availability of well-trained, motivated drive to deliver these service improvements as
and competent personnel to gather, process, efficiently as possible.
archive and facilitate the rapid exchange of
data and products; Significant changes in the socioeconomic sec-
tors that are addressed by WMO Programmes,
(c) Capability to maintain high standards of including health, agriculture and food production,
observations, data and metadata; transportation, water resource management and
energy sectors, are also shaping the demands
(d) Participation in, and access to, research that for services from NMHSs now and will continue
leads to improved monitoring, prediction in the future:
and understanding of the atmosphere and
hydrosphere at all spatial and temporal (a) The implementation of the Global Air Naviga-
scales; tion Plan of the International Civil Aviation
Organization (ICAO) will have significant
(e) Capability to prepare and deliver high- implications on the way meteorological
qualit y understandable, relevant and services for aviation will be delivered, due
gender-sensitive early warnings and fore- to further globalization and regionalization, a
casts of weather-, climate- and water-related shift from a product-centric to a data-centric
hazards, with an increased emphasis on approach, and a strong demand for research
impact-based forecasts and risk-based and innovation to support future global air
warnings; traffic management;
11(b) Expansion of maritime transportation (i) Increased activity in the value-added,
into sparsely monitored and less skil- third-party meteorological and hydrological
ful predicted Polar Regions comes with sector, while offering benefits to business
elevated risks associated with increased and consumers, may have an impact on
variability of weather, climate and sea-ice NMHSs; it is imperative for NMHSs to remain
conditions; highly visible and relevant to communities
and governments so that they receive
(c) Real-time operational climate services at appropriate support for their critical roles,
the national, regional and global levels particularly as the official and authoritative
are needed urgently to support the GFCS national voice for early warnings.
priorities of agricultural production and
food security, reduced disaster risk, human
THE WORLD IS CHANGING
health and sustainable water resources. Such
services will also have significant relevance
ü Global population 9 billion in 2050
for the energy sector, urban infrastructure
and transportation;
700 million persons living in extreme
ü
poverty
(d) Shifts in the intensity and distribution of
precipitation patterns worldwide and con- More than 50% of the population
ü
tinued declines of snow and ice conditions living in urban areas, 72% by 2050
especially in the high-mountain regions will
ü 23 megacities today, 37 by 2050
further implicate water resource and flood
management and related decision-making; 232 million international migrants
ü
(e) New Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk 780 million persons have no access to
ü
Reduction 2015–2030 and post-2015 sus- clean water
tainable development agenda emphasize
the importance of weather and climate ü 1.3 billion persons lack electricity
resilience and risk reduction, and the need
7 million premature deaths every year
for associated scientific information and ü
due to air pollution
services;
(f) Increasing urbanization and population,
which is expected to grow by a further WMO PRIORITIES 2016–2019
1 billion by 2025, will increase the vulner-
ability and exposure of people to natural
hazards; moreover, these hazards are not WMO priorities for 2016–2019 reflect the inputs
always gender-neutral; from all WMO constituent bodies and in particular
the six regional associations, which gathered
(g) The burgeoning use of new technologies, such the collective views of all 191 Members. All
as wireless and social media, and citizens’ bodies recognize the significance of the WMO
expectations for tailored understandable research priorities in the area of high-impact
information and “just-in-time” delivery, weather forecasting, seasonal to sub-seasonal
require NMHSs to use these new technolo- prediction, polar prediction and urban meteorol-
gies to remain effective and relevant; ogy as the means of enabling improvements
to operational service delivery. This is also
(h) Slow economic global growth may have a the case for advancements in monitoring and
negative impact on resource mobilization; information technologies, in particular the
NMHSs need to demonstrate resource n e e d t o ke e p W I S align e d w i t h W IGO S
efficiencies, cost-benefit and value; developments.
12The following key priorities will be given additional (e) Polar and high-mountain regions: Improve
emphasis in the WMO Programmes and results- operational meteorological and hydrological
based budget for 2016–2019: monitoring, prediction and services in polar
and high-mountain regions and beyond by:
(a) Disaster risk reduction: Improve the accuracy (i) operationalizing the Global Cryosphere
and effectiveness of impact-based forecasts Watch; (ii) better understanding the implica-
and multi-hazard early warnings of high- tions of changes in these regions on the
impact meteorological, hydrological and global weather and climate patterns; and
related environmental hazards from the (iii) advancing the polar prediction under
tropics to the poles, thereby contributing to the Global Integrated Polar Prediction
international efforts on disaster risk reduc- System;
tion, resilience and prevention, in particular
in response to the risks associated with (f) Capacity development: Enhance the capac-
increasing population exposure; ity of NMHSs to deliver on their mission
by developing and improving competent
(b) Global Framework for Climate Services: human resource, technical and institutional
Implement climate services under the GFCS capacities and infrastructure, particularly in
particularly for countries that lack them by: developing and least developed countries
(i) establishing regional climate centres; and small island developing States;
(ii) identifying user requirements for climate
products; (iii) developing the Climate Services (g) WMO governance: Improve efficiency and
Information System; (iv) advancing the sub- effectiveness of WMO by adopting continuous
seasonal to seasonal prediction skill; improvement measures and recommenda-
tions based on a strategic review of WMO
(c) WMO Integrated Global Observing System: structures, operating arrangements and
Strengthen the global observing systems budgeting practices.
through full implementation of WIGOS and
WIS for robust, standardized, integrated,
accurate and quality assured relevant obser- EXPECTED RESULTS
vations of the Earth system to support all
WMO priorities and expected results;
To achieve significant, targeted improvement
(d) Aviation meteorological services: Improve of services to address the escalating needs,
the ability of NMHSs to provide sustainable WMO will focus its endeavours on the following
high-quality services in support of safety, Expected Results:
efficiency and regularity of air traffic man-
agement worldwide, with due account to 1. Improved service quality and service
environmental factors by: (i) accelerating the delivery: Enhanced capabilities of Members
implementation of ICAO/WMO competency to deliver and improve access to high-quality
and qualification standards and quality weather, climate, hydrological and related
management systems; (ii) addressing emerg- environmental predictions, information,
ing requirements and challenges related warnings and services in response to users’
to the 2013–2028 Global Air Navigation needs and to enable their use in decision-
Plan, in particular concerning ICAO Block 1 making by relevant societal sectors.
Upgrades; and (iii) strengthening the sustain-
ability and competitiveness of aeronautical 2. Reduced disaster risk: Enhanced capabilities
meteorological service provision through of Members to reduce risks and potential
improved cost recovery mechanisms and impacts of hazards caused by weather,
suitable business models for service delivery climate, water and related environmental
frameworks; elements.
133. Improved data-processing, modelling in particular in developing and least devel-
and forecasting: Enhanced capabilities oped countries and small island developing
of Members to produce better weather, States, to fulfil their mandates.
climate, water and related environmental
information, predictions and warnings to 7. Strengthened partnerships: New and
support, in particular, reduced disaster strengthened partnerships and cooperation
risk and climate impact and adaptation activities to improve NMHSs’ performance
strategies. in delivering services and to demonstrate
the value of WMO contributions within the
4. Improved observations and data exchange: United Nations system, relevant regional
Enhanced capabilities of Members to access, organizations, international conventions
develop, implement and use integrated and national strategies.
and interoperable Earth- and space-based
observation systems for weather, climate 8. Improved efficiency and effectiveness:
and hydrological observations, as well as Ensured effective functioning of policymak-
related environmental and space weather ing and constituent bodies and oversight
observations, based on world standards of the Organization.
set by WMO.
The degree to which this Plan is factored into the
5. Advance targeted research: Enhanced national, regional and international development
capabilities of Members to contribute to agenda is amongst the risks that will influence the
and draw benefits from the global research achievement of Expected Results. The fluid global
capability for weather, climate, water and financial situation is having a significant impact
related environmental science and technol- on voluntary contributions, which provides some
ogy development. of the resources for implementing the strategic
priorities, particularly to enhance capacities
6. Strengthened capacity development: of NMHSs in developing and least developed
Enhanced capabilities of Members’ NMHSs, countries and small islands developing States.
14ANNEX I. SCHEMATIC REPRESENTATION OF THE RELATIONSHIPS
BETWEEN GLOBAL SOCIETAL NEEDS, WMO PRIORITIES 2016–2019
AND EXPECTED RESULTS
Global Societal Needs Priorities Expeceted Results
Improved service quality and service
delivery
Enhanced capabilities of Members to
deliver and improve access to high-quality
1 weather, climate, hydrological and related
environmental predictions, information,
Improved protection of warnings and services in response to users’
life and property needs and to enable their use in decision-
making by relevant societal sectors
Disaster risk reduction
Reduced disaster risk
Enhanced capabilities of Members to reduce
2 risks and potential impacts of hazards
caused by weather, climate, water and
related environmental elements
Global Framework for Improved data-processing, modelling and
Climate Services forecasting
Enhanced capabilities of Members to
produce better weather, climate, water
3
and related environmental information,
predictions and warnings to support, in
particular, reduced disaster risk and climate
impact and adaptation strategies
End poverty, ensure
Improved observations and data exchange
sustainable resilient
Enhanced capabilities of Members to
livelihoods, food
WMO Integrated Global access, develop, implement and use
security, sustainable
Observing System integrated and interoperable Earth- and
access to water and
space-based observation systems
energy, healthy lives, 4
for weather, climate and hydrological
gender equality and
Aviation meteorological observations, as well as related
economic growth, and
services environmental and space weather
combat climate change
observations, based on world standards set
by WMO
Advance targeted research
Enhanced capabilities of Members to
Polar and high-mountain
contribute to and draw benefits from the
regions monitoring, 5
global research capacity for weather,
prediction and services
climate, water and related environmental
science and technology development
Strengthened capacity development
Enhanced capabilities of Members’
Capacity development 6 NMHSs, in particular in developing and
least developed countries and small island
developing States, to fulfil their mandates
Strengthened partnerships
New and strengthened partnerships and
cooperation activities to improve NMHSs’
Sustainable use of
performance in delivering services
natural resources
WMO governance 7 and to demonstrate the value of WMO
and improved
contributions within the United Nations
environmental quality
system, relevant regional organizations,
international conventions and national
strategies
Improved efficiency and effectiveness
Ensured effective functioning of policyma
8
king and constituent bodies and oversight of
the Organization
15ANNEX II. BENEFITS OF WEATHER, MARINE WEATHER, CLIMATE,
HYDROLOGICAL AND RELATED ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES
SOCIAL BENEFITS (a) Early warning systems and preparedness;
National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (b) Medium- and long-term sectoral planning
and other institutions of Members contribute to (for example, land zoning, infrastructure
the safety and well-being of society through their development and agricultural management);
efforts to provide information on the impacts on
lives and livelihoods of natural hazards, to improve (c) Utilization of hazard-indexed insurance
the safety of transport on land, at sea and in the and financing mechanisms to reduce the
air, and to contribute to human and environmental impacts of disasters at various levels.
health outcomes. Improving operational climate
services through GFCS implementation will ECONOMIC BENEFITS
enhance national capabilities to support climate-
smart decision-making. This will further increase Accurate, timely and impact-oriented weather,
the resilience of society to longer-term climate marine weather, climate, hydrological and related
variability and change. Critical to success are the environmental services from Members, in par-
service delivery interactions with the community ticular from their NMHSs, make a significant
of users, including open access to global weather, contribution to economic stability, efficiency
hydrological, climate and related data, knowledge and growth in many sectors. Examples include
and impact-relevant products and services. water resource management, food production,
aviation and marine transportation, and energy,
The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction especially hydro-, solar and wind power. Early
2015–2030, the successor to the Hyogo Framework warning services and forecasts inform economi-
for Action 2005–2015: Building the Resilience cally driven decisions that mitigate the effects
of Nations and Communities to Disasters, was of meteorological and hydrological hazards.
established in 2015. WMO and its Members will Improved climate products and services offer
be guided by its objectives, particularly in support significant economic benefits.
of disaster prevention and community resilience
through improved ability of NMHSs to warn Members also monitor space weather conditions
and inform citizens of natural hazards. Effective and processes (for example, solar flares and
disaster risk reduction is founded on actions that geomagnetic storms) that can have significant
are informed by science-based weather, climate, impacts on economic sectors such as aviation,
water and related environmental information about telecommunications, satellite operations and
the potential hazards. Seasonal climate forecasts electricity transmission. Governments and the
are useful for strategic and tactical planning of aviation industry rely on WMO and its Members to
climate-sensitive activities, while the analysis of provide advice on the dispersion of volcanic ash,
multi-year hazard patterns and trends, combined a significant hazard to aircraft and with associated
with climate change scenarios, can underpin downstream impacts on numerous economic
longer-term strategic planning. sectors. In response to nuclear or industrial
accidents, WMO works in close collaboration
Climate-related risk knowledge on month to decadal with agencies such as the International Atomic
timescales helps institutions and organizations at Energy Agency and the World Health Organiza-
the global, regional and national levels to develop tion to provide advice and information to reduce
risk management plans based upon: community impacts.
16ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS chemical composition of our atmosphere, surface
and groundwater availability, land cover and soil
WMO and its Members monitor the environ- condition, the temperature and chemical balance
ment over time, providing insight into possible of our oceans, and pollutants in our air, water, soil
impacts on our climate, food and water security, and oceans. Subtle changes in these parameters
natural ecosystems and human health. Changes can have profound consequences for ecosystems,
are occurring in rainfall and temperature, the biodiversity and our food production systems.
17For more information, please contact:
World Meteorological Organization
7 bis, avenue de la Paix – P.O. Box 2300 – CH 1211 Geneva 2 – Switzerland
Communications and Public Affairs Office
Tel.: +41 (0) 22 730 83 14/15 – Fax: +41 (0) 22 730 80 27
E-mail: cpa@wmo.int
JN 151661
www.wmo.int
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