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7.2019 Issue 113
ISSN 1470-5745
The Journal of Industrial Networking and IoT
Using Ethernet & TSN for
rail metro networks 7
Key considerations for The end of the Digital twin concept for Is 5G robust enough
passenger Wi-Fi 22 Fieldbus Wars? 27 industrial automation 29 for industry? 37
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IEB113_p2.indd 2
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Contents
Operational Effectiveness Contents
The conclusion of the biannual report on the
State of the Industrial Internet of Things Industry news 4
produced by PTC (ptc.com) puts the spotlight
on the importance of operational effectiveness Simplified Ethernet for rail metro networks using TSN 7
as a measure of IIoT progress.
According to the report: "Based on findings Fast, reliable internet access for trains leverages technology 14
from recent quarters, there are a noteworthy
number of enterprises pursuing initiatives EtherCAT G offers I/O response for high-performance machines 16
to build and enable IoT solutions to achieve
operational effectiveness. This report will Mobile automation solutions for intelligent machinery 18
primarily focus on obtaining operational
effectiveness through industrial IoT, Palm oil tank farms ready for digitalization 20
supporting use cases and technologies
apparent across different forms of Five key considerations for passenger Wi-Fi networks 22
manufacturing and operations environments."
Looking in more detail, the report identified Parameterization & monitoring of Ethernet Hart devices 25
five applications that are the top Industrial
IoT use cases. The leading applications in The end of the Fieldbus Wars? 27
order are operational intellligence (31%),
asset monitoring and maintenance (19%), Digital twin concept as applied to industrial automation 29
predictive maintenance (12%), remote
monitoring (8%) and remote service (4%). Development solution for next generation Ethernet using TSN 34
The biggest beneficiaries in terms of company
departments was manufacturing (46%)
followed by service (22%) and operations Is 5G already robust enough for industry? 37
(19%).
Secure multicast & applications for securing multicast CIP traffic 40
PTC has been engaging with its customers
since 2015 to reveal their current and planned
use of IIoT to drive digital transformation
New Products 45
across their operations and products. The
sample for this data set includes enterprises Private Ethernet 50
across multiple verticals and geographies with
a focus on industrial settings.
The biggest impact of the IIoT seems to be a Industrial Ethernet Book
higher level operational view that is enabling The next issue of Industrial Ethernet Book will be published in September/October 2019
manufacturing management, in particular, Deadline for editorial: August 9, 2019 Deadline for artwork: August 30, 2019
to analyze and monitor metrics. Not too
surprisingly, engineers are more focused Product & Sources Listing
on planned maintenance and monitoring All Industrial Ethernet product manufacturers (not resellers) are entitled to free of charge
activities where network connectivity provides entries in the Product locator and Supplier directory sections of the Industrial Ethernet Book.
insight into the operation of machinery. If you are not currently listed in the directory, please complete the registration form at
Interestingly, data sourcing is most common www.iebmedia.com/buyersguide/ to submit your company details.
achieved using edge devices (68%) and IoT
gateways (37%) versus utilizing a cloud
Update your own products
platform (34%) or more traditional enterprise
If you wish to amend your existing information, login to the Editor section
systems (15%).
www.iebmedia.com/buyersguide/register.htm and modify your entry.
There also continues to be an ongoing trend
where IIoT adopters are moving from test sites Do you want to receive issues of Industrial Ethernet Book? Call, mail or e-mail your details, or
to full scale production, as proof of concept subscribe at www.iebmedia.com/service/
becomes clearer.
At the end of the day, data seems to be "king"
Editor: Al Presher, editor@iebmedia.com
and information analysis is still a work in
progress and situational based on the needs of Contributing Editor: Leopold Ploner, info@iebmedia.com
a particular business. Digital transformation Advertising: info@iebmedia.com
means different things in different industries Tel.: +49-8192-994-9928 · Fax: +49-8192-994-8876
but the common thread is manufacturing as Online Editor: Adela Ploner, info@iebmedia.com
the main focus.
Circulation: subscriptions@iebmedia.com
"Business value is being achieved by
enterprise adopters seeking and obtaining Published by
outcomes including strategic differentiation IEB Media, Bahnhofstrasse 12, 86938 Schondorf am Ammersee, Germany
in products or services, increasing operational
ISSN 1470-5745
effectiveness, and improving productivity."
Al Presher
7. 2019 i n d u str i a l e th e r n e t b o o k 3
PROFIsafe and IO-Link
Industry news
pass the 10 million mark
More than 2.2 million PROFIsafe nodes were brought to market in 2018, growth of nearly 25% compared to
the previous year. More than 3.3 million IO-Link nodes were brought to market, more than 40% growth rate.
PROFIBUS & PROFINET INTERNATIONAL
SOURCE: PI
(PI) has concluded its annual count of the
installed base of devices with interfaces
using communication technologies from PI.
As in previous years, the numbers from 2018
indicate a very positive trend.
PROFINET Growth
In the case of PROFINET, the 5.1 million
devices brought to market in 2018 represent
an increase of 0.6 million over the previous
year’s record. By the end of 2018, a total of
26 million PROFINET devices were working to
automate production. The annual number of
PROFIBUS devices installed – 2.4 million –
even rose slightly as compared to the previous
year. Reaching nearly 61 million, the overall
number passed yet another threshold. The
total of the two annual values of 7.5 million
also represents an all-time high number.
PROFIBUS’s trend in process automation
also remains stable. Though the annual value 3.3 million IO-Link nodes were brought to market in 2018. The overall count amounts to 11.4 million IO-Link nodes,
reached in 2018 – 0.8 million – was slightly and means that the 10-million hurdle was passed by a considerable margin as well.
less than the previous year, a total of 12.3
million PROFIBUS devices (i. e. 20% of the
overall total of 61 million) are now being used
in process systems.
PROFIsafe
With 2.2 million PROFIsafe nodes brought to
market in 2018, which corresponds to growth
of nearly 25% as compared to the previous
year, PROFIsafe also saw its highest annual
gain ever. In total, PROFIsafe passed the
10-million hurdle by a considerable margin
with its 11 million nodes.
IO-Link
As in the previous years, IO-Link likewise
achieved a record in two regards in 2018. On
the one hand, 3.3 million IO-Link nodes were
brought to market, which amounts to growth
of more than 40% compared to last year. An
overall count of 11.4 million IO-Link nodes
means that the 10-million hurdle was passed
by a considerable margin here as well. With its 11.2 million units, PROFIsafe passed the 10-million hurdle. With 2.2 million PROFIsafe nodes brought to
market in 2018, this corresponds to growth of nearly 25% as compared to the previous year.
Development direction
For Karsten Schneider, Chairman of PROFIBUS presented at the PI Konferenz in Frankfurt the future as well, which in turn will be a
& PROFINET International (PI), these figures (March 2019)," Schneider said in a press crucial element for the economic success of
confirm the validity of decisions made over the release. our member companies," he added.
past few years with regard to the development "Record-setting PI Konferenz attendance
direction of PI technologies. also confirms the broad acceptance of our News by PROFIBUS & PROFINET International
“This motivates us to continue with resolve technologies today and the trust in our (PI).
and to implement step by step the strategy organization to make the right decisions in
4 in d u s t r ial et h er ne t b o o k 7.2019
| EK11-16E |
System-integrated overcurrent
protection with EtherCAT interface
Extremely space-saving and flexibly usable
www.beckhoff.com/overcurrent-protection
In the EtherCAT Terminals from the EL922x series Beckhoff integrates the overcurrent protection for the fusing
of 24 V DC systems – including EtherCAT interface – in a compact 12 mm. Transparent plant monitoring via
EtherCAT is thus also directly integrated. The EL922x can supply both consumers outside the terminal network
and further terminals inside it with a fused voltage – simply and conveniently. Virtually all typical requirements
can be met through the individual settings. The range consists of a total of 19 different standard and high-line
terminals with a particularly high number of analysis options.
Direct overcurrent protection integration
in the I/O system
IEB113_p5.indd 5 11.07.1928 16:27
Cloud-based platforms to drive
Industry news
factory simulation software
The market for factory simulation software products will grow at a compound annual growth rate of 11% to
reach US $4.1 billion for over 172,000 users in 2030.
ACCORDING TO GLOBAL TECH MARKET ADVISORY that engineers only see and modify the details forecasted for 2030. In fact, automotive
firm, ABI Research, sales for factory simulation and information that they need for their job or represents the largest opportunity in every
software products include software that uses level of expertise, and engineers in different country except for South Korea, where
computer modeling to analyze how production locations can work on different parts of the electronics manufacturing has a slight edge.
might work in any given factory or situation same model. This increases data security, “Automotive manufacturing leads the
and implement virtual commissioning to test speeds up the simulation process, and makes way for many transformative technologies
proposed changes and upgrades before they the product easier to use.” and therefore has a higher demand to
are put into effect. Vendors that provide or partner with larger simulate those technologies. It also has an
“Today, many manufacturing enterprises smart manufacturing platforms control the edge on most industries in sheer size and
have started to use simulation software, but largest chunks of the market share. In discrete organizational transformation, with more
most have not yet realized the added benefits industries, this means Dassault Systèmes with holistic solution deployments due to cross-
of using simulation software as part of a larger its 3DEXPERIENCE platform, Siemens with functional technology transformation teams.
smart manufacturing platform or to virtually its Digital Industries portfolio and Rockwell Vendors of factory simulation software and
test other new technologies,” said Nick Finill, Automation with Arena and its partnership larger platforms specifically target these teams
Principal Analyst at ABI Research. “Cloud- with PTC control most of the market. In for growth opportunities,” concludes Finill.
based platforms can provide a similar interface process industries, AVEVA, AspenTech, and These findings are from ABI Research’s
for simulations from the different points of Siemens control most of the market. Industrial Virtualization, Visualization, and
view of process engineers, operations support The automotive industry represents the Simulation Market Tracker market data report.
managers, plant engineers, and control largest opportunity globally, with US$1.8
engineers. Companies can assign user roles so billion in factory simulation software revenues News by ABI Research.
Specification of PROFINET with TSN complete
The goal set by PI (PROFIBUS & PROFINET International) to integrate TSN as additional Layer 2 technology in
the PROFINET architecture has been reached with the current PROFINET specification V2.4.
THE SPECIFICATION WORK FOR PROFINET WITH TSN need to understand
has been completed and the three parts of the details or even
the document are available for download on implement them
the PI website. Manufacturers and users alike themselves. As
can interoperably implement the advantages a result, device
offered by TSN, such as future-proof IEEE manufacturers can
Ethernet technology with higher bandwidth, simply expand their
deterministics, flexible network configuration existing PROFINET
and large range of chips. portfolio with TSN.
The user interface remains unchanged, Of course, the
i.e., the use of IO data, diagnostics and specification will
parameterization, since the new TSN continue to be
mechanisms act largely on the underlying maintained in the
communication layers. This makes it easier for familiar annual
users to get started with the new technology. maintenance
Through the dedicated work of the experts process so that
from many companies, the specification was new customer
prepared in just over a year in an intensive and also demonstrated at trade fairs. For requirements, experiences from the field or
development and review process. The open easy understanding of the functionality, a technological developments can be integrated
discussion and many years of experience guideline is also available that clearly explains in an open and easy-to-understand way.
of the expert contributors in the respective the fundamentals of TSN. This process supports the “living” PROFINET
working groups ensure an accurate and The PROFINET specification 2.4 and IEEE standard, which has proven itself a million
complete technical description. specifications are necessary fundamentals times over and is still developed continuously,
In addition, both the initial implementations above all for the developers of the basic according to user needs and compatibly.
as well as concepts for the certification were technology of hardware and firmware. The
created early on in parallel. The stability of device manufacturers then simply use the News report provided by PI (PROFIBUS &
the specification could thereby be tested corresponding stacks or modules and no longer PROFINET International).
6 in d u s t r ial et h er ne t b o o k 7.2019
Simplified Ethernet for rail
Applications
metro networks using TSN
Two networking technology trends are helping to shape multiple trackside Ethernet networks. IEEE Time
Sensitive Networks (TSN) technology and proposed redundancy protocols will help enable radical reduction in
the complexity of rail metro Ethernet networks, assisting in reductions of both CAPEX and OPEX costs.
SOURCE: BELDEN
Local Local Local Local
Local
Switch Switch Switch Switch
Switch
Trackside
CBTC AP CBTC AP CBTC AP CBTC/CCTV AP CBTC/CCTV AP CBTCAP
AP CBTC AP CBTC AP
Key
Station
CBTC Netw ork A
CBTC Netw ork B
Combined Ne twork
Combined Communications Based Train Control (CBTC) and Application (CCTV) Networks provide powerful solutions.
FOR PASSENGER ACCESS TO THE INTERNET and concerns and increasing urban mobility mean costs that the operator can control. The use
other wireless services onboard and to both that the demands on urban railway system of a CBTC system allows energy savings to be
manage and control increasingly sophisticated capacity have never been greater. made through the application of different
trains, the rail metro communications network Traditionally, increasing the capacity on an driving profiles (such as coasting and
philosophy is changing. Operators are urban rail network has involved large levels of reduced acceleration curves) when passenger
increasingly making Ethernet the bearer of capital expenditure on the rail infrastructure. demand is less; at off-peak travelling times,
choice. This move to Ethernet-based networks Typical solutions to capacity challenges may for example. When coupled with passenger
comes at a time when capacity demands on have involved laying additional running lines, counting technology, this management of
rail metro systems are greatly increasing due perhaps boring new tunnels and lengthening the rail vehicles can be made fully automatic.
to global trends that are driving the public platforms to enable longer trains. These large CBTC systems run over a digital networked
transportation market. civil projects are not only expensive, they radio system by means of antennas or radiating
These trends are: are also potentially disruptive to running an cable for the bi-directional communication
• Urbanization operational service. between the track equipment and the trains.
• Concern over greenhouse gases and Through the use of exact, real- time, train The 2.4GHz band is commonly used in these
global warming positioning information, Communications systems (public WiFi band), though other
• Reducing carbon resources Based Train Control (CBTC) provides a solution alternative frequencies such as 900 MHz (US),
• De-regulation to the capacity challenges and avoids the 5.8 GHz or other licensed bands may be used
• Increased Digitalization – The Rail IoT need for many of these expensive and as well (the use of licensed bands is becoming
This article briefly describes two of these disruptive civil engineering capital projects. more common to ensure that interference is
trends and the resulting multiple trackside An increased utilization of the existing rail less likely).
Ethernet networks. IEEE Time Sensitive infrastructure is realized through the removal To comply with these requirements, the
Networks (TSN) technology is introduced and of traditional fixed signaling blocks and communications network being deployed
then its use (along with redundancy protocols) instead managing train headways as well as must be designed for the exclusive use of the
is proposed to enable radical reduction in the speed and acceleration profiles continuously CBTC system. Typically the communications
complexity of rail metro Ethernet networks, in real time. A CBTC system managing shorter, network is made up of two interlaced trackside
hence reducing both CAPEX and OPEX costs. lighter, faster trains running more closely Ethernet networks, with the rail vehicle being
10 EMEA +49 7127/14-1809 |
together beldensolutions.com
will result in greaterUScapacity
1-855-400-9071 | belden.com
in constant wireless connection with at least
Trends: multiple trackside networks vs. longer trains running on a fixed block one of the two networks.
signaling system. Wireless access points for each network are
Increasing Urbanization Driving Metro A large proportion of the total cost of spaced and placed down the length of the
Capacity Demands running rail passenger vehicles is fixed for rail infrastructure. This interlaced architecture
long durations (such as vehicle leasing or helps overcome any wireless handover delays
The trend of increasing urbanization finance costs). Fuel or energy usage very between access points and the moving vehicle.
coupled with climate change, environmental often represents the largest proportion of In addition, the CBTC communications network
7. 2019 i n d u str i a l e th e r n e t b o o k 7
OCC BOCC
SOURCE: BELDEN
Applications
WLC1000 WLC1000 WLC1000 WLC1000
MACH 4002 (L3) MACH 4002 (L3) MACH 4002 (L3) MACH 4002 (L3)
MACH 104 (L3) MACH 104 (L3) MACH 104 (L3) MACH 104 (L3) MACH 104 (L3) MACH 104 (L3)
MACH 104 (L3)
Phase I Phase II Phase III
MACH 104 (L3) MACH 104 (L3) MACH 104 (L3) MACH 104 (L3) MACH 104 (L3) MACH 104 (L3)
MACH 1040 (L2) MACH 1040 (L2) MACH 1040 (L2) MACH 1040 (L2) MACH 1040 (L2) MACH 1040 (L2)
Legend
1Gbit/s Fiber
1Gbit/s TX
MRP Ring
BAT-F BAT-F BAT-F BAT-F BAT-F BAT-F BAT-F BAT-F
(L2) Redundancy MRP-Rings
Trackside Trackside Trackside Trackside
(L3) Redundancy H-VRRP Pairs
This diagram shows one-half of the CBTC Ethernet network. The full dual network system will contain twice the hardware and interconnectivity.
is ‘ring fenced’ to guarantee the bandwidth and • reduced headway between trains our journey less stressful. The number of
latency performance criteria. This means that • fewer onboard staff (perhaps no driver) Ethernet based applications that need a train-
CBTC Ethernet networks exclusively carry data • improved security to-ground connection to function is on the
relating to the safety-critical CBTC application. To understand onboard equipment reliability increase.
and to ensure that the train performs as These applications require a trackside
Increasing Digitization and Passenger expected, the goal is to monitor and collect wireless infrastructure and the ability to
Expectations Driving Ethernet Network data on a whole range of onboard systems. transfer the data to the remote control room
Deployment Increasingly, the data flow does not stop at or monitoring workstation. As we noted
just being onboard; diagnostic systems now previously, this data cannot be carried on the
As requirements for trains become more report back to depots before the train arrives CBTC Ethernet Communications infrastructure
demanding, the diagnostic and control for maintenance so that spares and tools can as the signaling application will no longer
systems supporting them also need to grow. be organized. have the guaranteed network performance
Some of the demands include: Passenger Information Systems provide us needed. This means that more Ethernet
• increased fuel efficiency with real-time information while ticketing, network infrastructure is required, including
• increased reliability seat reservation systems and WiFi access to an example of a deployed network for a
• shorter dwell times at platforms the internet or entertainment systems make real-time video surveillance system.
SOURCE: BELDEN
OCC BOCC
WLC1000 WLC1000 WLC1000 WLC1000
MACH1040 MACH1040 MACH1040 MACH1040
L3
BTN(3
rd
party
G G G G G G
MACH104 MACH104
MACH104 MACH104 Station #1...33 MACH104 MACH104 Depot1/2
MACH102 MACH102
RS20 RS20 RS20 RS20 RS30 RS30
1000mit/s Fiber
1000mit/s TX
RS20 BAT450-F BAT450-F BAT450-F BAT450-F BAT450-F
100mit/s Fiber
100mbit/s TX
BAT450-F A A BAT450-F
Trackside Legend MRP Ring
OCTOPUS OCTOPUS OCTOPUS OCTOPUS
Onboard CCTV gateway
G
A CCTV agent
100nbit/s TX PoE
Real-Time Video Surveillance Ethernet Network.
8 in d u s t r ial et h er ne t b o o k 7.2019
240 power budgets on any assignable port
NT24K FULL
GIGABIT POE
Red Lion NT24k advanced PoE management allows quick and
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ellence. Redefine Excellence. Redefined.
IEB112_p11.indd 11 26.04.1917 10:23
SOURCE: BELDEN
Applications
Overall Trackside Network Architecture.
Multiple Trackside Ethernet Networks • Highly limited latency fluctuations -- published as Standard IEEE 802.1Qbv-20162
Conclusion (jitter) -- is to utilize TDMA (Time Division Multiple
• Extremely low packet loss. Access) to divide time into discreet segments
The deployment of CBTC and other trackside of equal length, so-called cycles. This allows
networks means that there is a large amount TSN mechanisms/interdependencies dedicated time slots to be provided for the
of Ethernet equipment installed trackside to TSN adds a level of determinism to Ethernet- transmission of data packets with real-time
backhaul the associated data to the Control based data communication that is able to requirements within the cycles. With the aid
or Operational centers. To put the amount of meet even the highest demands placed on of the Time-Aware Scheduler, the transmission
hardware being installed in our two examples an Ethernet network. TSN has been conceived of conventional Best Effort Ethernet traffic
into perspective, the typical spacing of CBTC as a modular system by which the precise can be temporarily interrupted in order to
wireless APs is 200m to 300m (dependent characteristics of the implementation (and forward time-sensitive data traffic within the
on tunnel topography). Within a city metro the associated hardware and software reserved time slots for high-priority traffic.
system, stations are, on average, 1km apart requirements) can be tailored to fit the The Time-Aware Scheduler thus permits the
(often less). individual network requirements. prioritization of periodic real-time data in
This means that for a 30 km stretch of metro Appropriately so, TSN is not made up of a relation to conventional Best Effort data
railway, there could be 240 wireless APs alone, single standard document, but it is a family traffic.
made up as follows: of standards which have been in development Similar to the strict prioritization scheme,
• 30 stations with 4 APs each (120 devices) by the IEEE 802.1 TSN Task Group1 since the Time-Aware Scheduler utilizes the CoS
• CBTC Network A (500m apart) (60 2012. These activities have yielded their first priorities (PCP - Priority Code Point) that
devices) results: central mechanisms of the TSN family are present in the VLAN tag of the Ethernet
• CBTC Network B (500m apart) (60 are already available as standard documents. header. In this case, all Ethernet frames are
devices) In order to give an overview of these new processed until they reach the Time-Aware
When the associated cabling (copper and technologies, the following sections will gate queues at the output port. At this
fiber), trackside switches and backbone data address the most important TSN mechanisms point, the Time-Aware Scheduler intervenes
backhaul equipment are also considered, it’s and their interdependence. in the packet processing. More precisely,
obvious that the current methodology for with the use of the Time-Aware Scheduler,
network deployment in metro systems could Time-Aware Scheduler the selection of the next Ethernet frame to
be made more efficient. Considerable cost Until now, it was not possible with the strict be transmitted is no longer just determined
savings could also be achieved (both during priorities of Class of Service (CoS) mechanisms strictly by a hierarchy at the queue, but rather
deployment and through the life of the such as the IEEE 802.1Q to guarantee bounded the state of the respective gates is also taken
systems). Now, let’s explore Time Sensitive end-to-end latency of time-sensitive data into consideration. This state may be either
Networking (TSN) and its potential to achieve traffic. Due to queueing effects, an Ethernet open or closed, based on actual time. Ethernet
these network deployment efficiencies. frame with low priority that is already in frames that are waiting for transmission in the
transmission could delay Ethernet frames of associated queues will be considered in the
TSN – Time Sensitive Networking even the highest priority at every Ethernet packet selection, depending on these states.
Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) is currently switch along the transmission path. As one of For example, only the queue with a priority
being developed at the IEEE as a novel the central components of TSN, the Time-Aware of 7 can be processed at a particular point
technology that offers an entirely new level Scheduler (TAS) introduces the possibility to in time.
of determinism in standard IEEE 802.1 and assign specific time slices for transmission The Gate Control List determines which
IEEE 802.3 Ethernet networks. This means based on the CoS Ethernet frame priority. traffic queue is permitted to transmit at a
that future communications networks in the Thus, traffic of a specific priority is granted specific point in time within the cycle. Besides
transportation industry will be able to provide: exclusive access to the transmission medium. the states of the Time-Aware Gates, the Gate
• Calculable, guaranteed end-to-end Forwarding and delivery of the Ethernet frames Control List indicates the length of time for
latencies for traffic of different priorities is guaranteed at a defined point in time. which a specific entry will be active. In the
on the same network The fundamental idea of this TSN mechanism case of the Gate Control List, the list mirrors
10 in d u s t r ial et h er ne t b o o k 7.2019Traffic Queue 7 Traffic Queue 6 Traffic Queue 1 Traffic Queue 0
SOURCE: BELDEN
Applications
O = Gate open
C = Gate closed
Gate Control List:
TO: o CCCCCC
T1: Coooooo
Repeat
OK X X X
Time-Aware Gate Time-Aware Gate Time-Aware Gate Time-Aware Gate
Queue 7 Queue 6 Queue 1 Queue 0
Transmission Selection
The Time-Aware Scheduler implements the time-based prioritization.
the cycle that consists of a Best Effort phase, phase. Frame pre-emption makes it possible to in order to ensure that the frames match the
as well as a phase with prioritized data traffic. reduce the guard band to the maximum size correct time slots in each switch. This enables
of one Ethernet framelet plus the maximum the transmission of communication streams
Necessity of Guard Bands and Interruption remaining transmission time (63 byte times) that can be transmitted through end- to-end
of Ethernet Frames that cannot be pre-empted any more. connections, with guaranteed latencies and
In the case of a fast Ethernet network, without queuing times.
Due to the very poor predictability of for example, the dead time from each guard This means, in particular, that all network
Best Effort traffic patterns, it is generally band can be reduced to ~0.12 ms and thus, participants must possess a common
not foreseeable when a specific Best Effort a significant improvement of the use of the understanding of time. Specifically, all
data packet will need to be processed. For bandwidth available can be achieved. participants must know when a cycle begins
example, the transmission of an Ethernet Due to the fact that frame pre-emption is a and which time slot is active in the cycle. In
frame in time slot 2 could be initiated too significant intrusion into the normal process order to enable this, the use of a protocol for
late. This Ethernet frame would then, despite of Ethernet frame forwarding and processing, time synchronization, such as the Precision
the use of the Time-Aware Scheduler, extend it is necessary for both devices of an Ethernet Time Protocol (PTP) in accordance with IEEE
into the time slot number 1 of the subsequent connection (e.g. two Ethernet switches) to 15886 or any available IEEE 1588 profile, such
cycle. This would therefore result in a delayed announce their support for this mechanism as IEEE 802.1AS7 is mandatory.
processing of real- time data and a violation through the use of the Link Layer Discovery Both IEEE 1588 as well as IEEE 802.1AS
of guaranteed end-to-end latencies. Protocol (LLDP) identified in IEEE802.1 AB5). permit the synchronization of distributed
In order to maximize the usable bandwidth Only with frame pre-emption support on both clocks within a network with an accuracy of
for Best Effort Ethernet frames, the IEEE ends of the link can the feature be activated under 1 µs. Implemented in hardware, timing
802 working group developed a method for on the corresponding end devices or switch precision in the range of a few nanoseconds
Ethernet frame pre-emption (IEEE 802.1Qbu3, ports. With this, backwards compatibility with can be achieved (Hirschmann PTP white
IEEE 802.3br4), which was completed in June existing Ethernet devices is maintained. paper8). In contrast to the protocols known
2016. With this method, conventional Ethernet from IT environments, such as Network Time
frames can be divided into partial packets Synchronous transmission cycles Protocol (NTP), IEEE 1588 doesn’t necessarily
(“framelets”) of as small as 64 bytes and each The Time-Aware Scheduler utilizes only local have to utilize a global synchronization with,
framelet may be transmitted separately. This configuration data− the data that is available for example, an atomic clock. More commonly,
permits starting the transmission of a large in a particular network device (end device or the network participant with the most precise,
Ethernet frame, despite insufficient remaining switch). This configuration data consists of freely running clock is determined with the
time within the Best Effort phase. The frame information about the lengths of cycles and aid of the Best Master Clock (BMC) algorithm.
can be interrupted at the last 64 byte time slots, for example. Therefore, besides This device then serves as the reference
boundary before the current time slot ends the Time-Aware Scheduler, close coordination clock (Grandmaster Clock) against which
and can then completed in the next Best Effort between the devices in the network is required all remaining network participants are
7. 2019 i n d u str i a l e th e r n e t b o o k 11SOURCE: BELDEN
Cycle n Cycle n+1
Applications
2 1 2
Frame
VLAN Priorities 7,6,5,4,2,1,0 G VLAN Priority 3 VLAN Priorities 7,6,5,4,2,1,0
Time t
Large frame is transmitted
and violates the following
time slice
Without Guard Band
With Guard Band
Cycle n Cycle n+1
2 1 2
Frame Frame
VLAN Priorities 7,6,5,4,2,1,0 G VLAN Priority 3 VLAN Priorities 7,6,5,4,2,1,0
Time t
Guard band prohibits the The guard band in TSN prevents Best Effort
start of the frame and
protects the following time
frames from extending into a time slot
slice
G = Guard Band that is reserved for real-time data, but it
decreases the available bandwidth.
synchronized. For TSN, it is of primary 1588 provides an additional IP (Internet reference. That offers the option to use the
importance that the time is synchronized to Protocol) encapsulation scheme for use in global synchronization for unambiguous event
all clocks within a network. The actual time of wide area networks (WANs). As a result of logging, while the network-wide synchronized
day, on the other hand, plays only a secondary the TSN standardization process, the existing clock can be used for the Time-Aware
role. IEEE 802.1AS profile has been expanded by the Scheduler, since in this case, synchronization
The IEEE 1588 profile, IEEE 802.1AS, follows addition of parameters from IEEE 1588 that according to global conventions such as the
the same fundamental synchronization model are required for use in automation networks. leap second is not required.
as PTP. It was originally developed to limit the For example, IEEE 1588 offers support Among other things, this capability will also
large number of configuration options to those for multiple time domains that can be be included in the next version of this profile
parameters that are relevant in local networks synchronized in parallel. Accordingly, with with IEEE 802.1AS-Rev9.
(LANs). For example, in case of the transport IEEE 1588, network participants can be Since the current version of IEEE 1588
technology and encapsulation, IEEE 802.1AS synchronized with a global time reference (as was specified back in 2008, this technology
is confined to Ethernet transport, while IEEE with NTP), as well as a second network time for time synchronization has already been
established in many
markets and application
Common Timebase
areas. In some cases,
profiles for special
SOURCE: BELDEN
applications, such as
the energy market, have
been developed and are
in use today. In these
Time slot 1 cases, there is no need
Time slot 2 to specifically utilize
IEEE 802.1AS for time
Listener synchronization, the
Talker
TSN mechanisms permit
Industrial Industrial Industrial the use of any arbitrary
Ethernet Switch Ethernet Switch Ethernet Switch
mechanism for time
synchronization.
Thus, depending on
the application area,
IEEE 1588 can be used
Common Cycle instead of IEEE 802.1AS,
with or without a specific
Good time synchronization is a prerequisite for the TSN Time-Aware Scheduler. profile. In the future,
12 in d u s t r ial et h er ne t b o o k 7.2019IEEE 802 does not intend to limit this freedom reception (IEEE P802.1Qci10). In addition, the network installed and operated by the rail
Applications
of choice in regard to which protocol needs to this mechanism allows discarding real-time operator is now being utilized.
be used for time synchronization. In any case, data streams that use more than their reserved
regardless of the synchronization protocol that bandwidth, thus allowing the policing of Summary and outlook
is used, the quality of clock synchronization streams. The standardization process in the area
that is achieved is very high in order for all Finally, TSN can make use of already existing of time-sensitive networking is not yet
devices in the network to start-and-end cycles Layer 2 security mechanisms, such as MACsec completed and is expected to take a few
and time slices at the correct points in time. (IEEE 802.1AE11). This allows ensuring the more years. Accordingly, there are various
authenticity of the sender so that only verified TSN mechanisms that are currently still in the
Preventing interfering traffic Ethernet frames are forwarded. This way, it active standardization process. It is equally
In a system in which all participants behave is possible to handle a multitude of attacks imaginable that additional mechanisms will be
as expected, the TSN standards previously and scenarios with erroneously configured added to the already existing TSN family in the
described offer all of the mechanisms required network participants. With TSN, deterministic future. Central mechanisms of the TSN protocol
for deterministic data transmission. However, data transmission with standardized Ethernet family have, however, been completed and
the mechanisms discussed so far require a according to IEEE 802.1 and 802.3 is possible have been demonstrated successfully.
complete reception of frames, as well as for the first time. These mechanisms, such as the Time-Aware
(partial) frame processing in a forwarding Using TSN to guarantee the transmission Scheduler, can already be integrated in
switch or receiving end device. As a result, latency of the CBTC data allows us to utilize products and their benefits can be used
misconfigured devices or malicious network the CBTC network to carry the CCTV data from immediately. Equally, through the IEEE
participants can significantly interfere with the station system, which reduces the number 802 standardization process, backwards
the operation of TSN mechanisms such as the of trackside APs needed on our example 30km compatibility is ensured: TSN networks that
Time-Aware Scheduler by sending data frames length of metro line by 60 devices. are already installed can still be used in the
with erroneously assigned CoS priorities or by This is a significant saving when all of future. Therefore, TSN is no longer a future
excessively stressing the resources assigned the associated cabling and network switches technology – its time has come.
to them. that are no longer required are also taken
In order to counter this, an additional TSN into account; by using TSN to guarantee the R. Weatherburn – Vertical Marketing,
mechanism is currently being developed delivery of the CBTC data, all of the Ethernet Transportation, C. Burns - Field Application
within the IEEE 802.1 working group which equipment is no longer required. In addition, Engineering Manager, Transportation and
allows discarding data frames that have the costs associated with using leased lines Dr. O. Kleineberg – Advanced Development,
been erroneously assigned at the time of for data backhaul are no longer required, as Belden Corporation.
Skorpion Switches Designed for Automation
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Learn more at www.ccontrols.com/skorpionFast, reliable internet access
Applications
for trains leverages technology
New cabling and connector technology is making fast, reliable Internet access possible on trains. A powerful
data infrastructure is necessary to deliver the performance that customers expect, and new tool-free assembly
and installation options provide PushPull convenience and weight reduction using only a single twisted pair.
TRAIN TRAVELERS NOW EXPECT INTERNET As a result, there is no need for a permanent
SOURCE: HARTING
access that provides a high-performance detachable connection to a housing via
experience. They want to surf privately during connectors, and Ethernet connections can be
the train journey or use the compartment as quickly and cheaply brought directly to the
a mobile workstation. Railway operators are circuit board. The combination of the modular
increasingly offering an appropriate data preLink system and Etherrail cable is the ideal
infrastructure to meet customer requirements. matchup for cabling rolling stock. With easy-
to-install connectors and cables, trains can be
Importance of system cabling equipped with future-ready Gigabit Ethernet
Solutions to ensure reliable and fast Internet and make an important contribution towards
in trains relies on new cabling systems and providing the infrastructure for the mobile
advanced technology solutions. workplace of the future.
Data networks in trains and buses can
be implemented reliably and in future- Ethernet single twisted pair (SPE)
proof manner using the preLink system and The goal of Ethernet via Single Twisted Pair
EtherRail cables that are part of the HARTING cable and small connectors according to IEC
technology portfolio, and specially designed 63171-3 is to achieve weight savings while
for railway requirements. With Ethernet via offering identical performance. Under IEEE
only one pair of wires, operators can reduce Rail customers expect reliable Internet access. 802.3bp (1000 BASE-T1), cable lengths up
their operating costs and optimize their to 40 meters can transmit 1 Gbit/s -- while
production with the tool-less PushPull system. offers unparalleled flexibility and investment the cable length is about one-third less than
The central component of the preLink security, especially over long periods of use conventional 8-wire Ethernet cable.
system is the termination block, which allows within railway technology scenarios. The A standard Ethernet cable with four wire
the cable connection to be performed quickly, system simultaneously simplifies assembly, pairs for 1/10 Gbit/s Ethernet weighs about
simply and reliably. The small size of the making it both faster and more reliable. 45 kg per kilometer. In contrast, a Single Pair
preLink contact block makes it possible to cable with the same bandwidth weighs only
prefabricate data cables separately from the M12 connector technology 30 kg per kilometer. Since several kilometers
train car and then install them in the former. A current innovation that is being implemented of cable are installed in the cars of passenger
A minimum hole diameter of just 12 mm is in transportation systems is use of M12 trains alone, this offers a considerable savings
sufficient to insert and route the cables. sockets, which can now be connected via potential in terms of vehicle weight.
Once the cables have been laid, the preLink as well. The newly designed sockets
appropriate connector is attached, depending can be used both as a loose cable coupling Tool-less installation
on the network device to be connected. Here, as well as a housing feedthrough and be HARTING PushPull technology simplifies
both RJ45 and M12 D- and X-coded connectors securely screwed here. The second innovation assembly and service in the railway sector
(socket or pin) are available for data is a preLink printed circuit board socket that while improving reliability. The solutions
transmission of up to 10 Gbit/s. This unique allows the user to connect pre-assembled consist of the circular M12 PushPull connector
diversity of mating faces, in conjunction with preLink cables directly to the printed circuit in a rugged metal housing, as well as the
standardised preLink connection technology, board without the need for detours. lightweight, easy-to-use rectangular variant
4 connector. Securely transmitting power,
SOURCE: HARTING
data and signals up to Category 6A presents
no difficulties with M12 and with variant 4.
The advantage of PushPull connectors
(circular or rectangular versions) lies in the
tool-free installation. The connectors are
simply gripped and attached. The connectors
produce an audible “click” indicating that they
have been securely locked and correctly mated
– while saving up to 75% of installation time.
Both connectors feature robust IP protection
class 67 and are tested in accordance with fire
protection standard EN 45545-2.
Modular preLink components with powerful EtherRail cable assemblies for data networks on railways. Technology report by HARTING.
14 in d u s t r ial et h er ne t b o o k 7.201910,000 40
Trade Visitors Presentations
200
Industry Leaders
IEB113_p9.indd 9 11.07.1928 16:30EtherCAT G offers I/O response
Technology
for high-performance machines
EtherCAT G uses 1 Gbit/s data transmission of standard Ethernet; while the EtherCAT G10 variant, presented
as a proof-of-concept technology study, achieves data rates of up to 10 Gbit/s. The considerable increase in
data rates compared with standard 100 Mbit/s EtherCAT significantly increases the possible data throughput.
SOURCE: BECKHOFF
ETHERCAT REACHES A NEW PERFORMANCE LEVEL
with the EtherCAT G technology extension
through its capability to superimpose itself
on Gigabit Ethernet for data-intensive
applications. Compatibility with the globally
established standard EtherCAT, which uses
100 Mbit/s, and the same familiar ease of
use are both guaranteed. Efficient operation
of parallel network segments is possible with
the branch concept introduced for EtherCAT
G.Using the branch concept, EtherCAT G (1
Gbit/s) enables a 2 to 7-fold increase in
performance in relation to communication
times and up to 10 times the bandwidth,
depending on the application. 100 times the
bandwidth is even possible with EtherCAT G10.
Fully compatible extension
With EtherCAT G, systems can leverage the high
Ethernet data rates available today – without
any changes to the EtherCAT protocol itself.
The telegram sent by the EtherCAT master thus
continues to pass through all network devices.
Every EtherCAT slave reads the output data
addressed to it on the fly and places its input
data in the forwarded frame, but now with
data rates of 1 to 10 Gbit/s. As before, the last
device in a segment (or branch) will detect
an unused port and send the telegram back
to the master. The full-duplex property of the
Ethernet physics is utilised for this capability.
All other EtherCAT properties are fully With the branch concept, mixed operation of EtherCAT, EtherCAT G and EtherCAT G10 is possible in one network.
retained. Devices with three or four ports
(junctions) make flexible topologies possible necessary for physical access to the cables network and vice versa. However, all EtherCAT
that can be adapted to machine architectures. have been replaced by Gbit/s variants. The G devices will switch back to the 100 Mbit/s
Machine modules can be plugged in or out master therefore requires no new software, mode in such a mixed network. In order to
by Hot Connect as required. An internal just one Gbit/s port – which usually exists prevent this, the new branch concept makes
network diagnostic function helps to minimise in any case. The existing familiar cable types EtherCAT branches possible, which enable the
machine or plant downtimes and thus to can also continue to be used: Cat.5e cables for parallel operation of 100 Mbit/s segments in
increase availability with familiar efficiency. EtherCAT G or Cat.6 cables for EtherCAT G10. a 1 or 10 Gbit/s network through appropriate
The integrated distributed clocks concept also EtherCAT G slaves can be operated on an speed implementations. A branch of an
remains available and enables synchronisation existing EtherCAT master, provided it has EtherCAT G segment can be implemented on
accuracies of better than 100 ns between the Gbit/s port. Several special protocol a 100 Mbit/s network using the new EK1400
devices. Conformity with the Ethernet extensions for EtherCAT G are currently being EtherCAT G Coupler, allowing the extremely
standard IEEE 802.3 is also guaranteed. prepared that will allow for even higher- wide range of standard EtherCAT Terminals
performance use. However, the extensions to be used within the EtherCAT G network
Rollout of EtherCAT G required for this on the master side will not be environment. The 1 Gbit/s speed of EtherCAT
Performance and ease of use have been mandatory for the network to be operational. G communication segment is retained.
the hallmarks of EtherCAT communication. The branch concept offers another crucial
The same applies to EtherCAT G. Not only Branch concept for mixed operation efficiency benefit: minimised propagation
the protocol, but also the fundamental EtherCAT and EtherCAT G can be operated times. The CU14xx multi-port branch
mechanisms and the configuration options within the same network, i.e. EtherCAT G controllers are designed for this purpose
remain the same. Only the function blocks slaves will work in a 100 Mbit/s EtherCAT and enable the interconnection of several
16 in d u s t r ial et h er ne t b o o k 7.2019EtherCAT and EtherCAT G segments. Individual to be transmitted within a few microseconds.
branches are addressed with a single telegram This would hardly be possible without the high
from the master, which will then be processed performance of EtherCAT G.
simultaneously. This makes shorter signal These two sample calculations illustrate the
propagation times possible and shorter boost in performance or the savings in data
communication and cycle times, because the transmission time that can be achieved with
telegram of a segment travels directly from the EtherCAT G and the branch concept.
branch controller back to the master and not
through all other connected segments as well. Accelerating communication times: 128
servo axes in 34 µs
Disclosure and availability • A machine network with 128 servo axes
In the coming months, the FB1400 EtherCAT was selected as the initial application.
G piggyback controller board will be available • A "standard data width" of 8 bytes in and
for the EL9820 EtherCAT evaluation kit. out per device results in a total of 1024
The FB1400 will have an FPGA with a fixed bytes in and out per cycle. With classic
configuration as an EtherCAT G slave controller EtherCAT devices, taking into account
(ESC). If necessary, customers can then also hardware propagation delay times and
create and use their own ESC configurations telegram lengths, a communication time
with the planned IP core for EtherCAT G. This of 237 µs will result.
will give EtherCAT users as well as master If standard EtherCAT devices are now
and slave manufacturers ample opportunity replaced by EtherCAT G devices, the
to evaluate the new technology. Availability communication time can be reduced to 150 µs
of the EK1400 EtherCAT G Bus Coupler is just on account of the shortened frame length
scheduled for the second half of 2019. It due to the higher data rate. If the branch
will offer branch controller functionality and concept is used and the complete network
enables direct connection of all EtherCAT is divided into eight EtherCAT G segments
Terminals as well as all other EtherCAT with 16 servo drives each, a communication
products in EtherCAT G networks. Further time of only 34 µs can be achieved – i.e.
products will follow, such as 3-port and 8-port communication is now 7 times faster.
branch controllers, an EtherCAT G junction,
an EtherCAT G10 branch controller and an Using the bandwidth advantage: scanning
EtherCAT G10 piggyback controller board. 200 analog inputs with 100 ksamples/s
A disclosure and introduction of the • An measurement Condition Monitoring
EtherCAT G/G10 protocol by the EtherCAT application where a 10 km-long conveyor
Technology Group (ETG) is planned for this belt is monitored.
autumn. As with EtherCAT more than 15 years • Application consists of 200 analog
ago, all ETG member companies will be able to channels (±10 V) with 100,000
use the extension and benefit from it. samples/s (10 µs measurement interval)
per channel, which have to be scanned
Applications & performance with a cycle time of 1 ms.
For most present-day applications the The present-day solution consists of four
high performance of standard EtherCAT is independent 100 Mbit/s EtherCAT networks,
fully adequate. Accordingly, EtherCAT G each with 26 two-channel analog input
communication was developed with extremely terminals with oversampling function
large-scale applications and many devices (EL3702). Eight telegrams with 1313 bytes
in mind as well as the increasing use of each are required in every EtherCAT network,
particularly data-intensive devices such as resulting in a required bandwidth of 322
vision cameras, complex motion systems or Mbit/s. Thus, each of the four networks
measurement applications with high sampling utilises 88% of the available bandwidth.
rates. Machine vision, condition monitoring If the four EtherCAT networks are now
or the innovative transport systems XTS replaced by an EtherCAT G network and the
and XPlanar require transmission of several EK1100 Bus Couplers by EK1400 EtherCAT G
hundred bytes of process data per cycle for Bus Couplers (branch controllers), it is possible
each device. In conjunction with short cycle to continue to use existing standard EtherCAT
times of less than a millisecond, the high Terminals. With the same cycle time (1 ms),
transmission bandwidths provided by EtherCAT bandwidth utilisation of only 350 Mbit/s
G are called for in this context. results in just one EtherCAT G network. The
The first practical EtherCAT G application remaining bandwidth of 650 Mbit/s enables
is the XPlanar transport system. This planar an extension of the channels and the support
motor system enables motion control and of even higher analog sampling rates.
highly precise positioning of passive free-
floating movers with six degrees of freedom. Dr. Guido Beckmann, Sr. Management Control
Due to the continuous position feedback System Architecture and Thomas Rettig, Senior
required for the unique new system, extremely Management Control System and Communication
large data quantities are produced that have Architecture, Beckhoff Automation.
7. 2019 i n d u str i a l e th e r n e t b o o k 17Mobile automation solutions
Technology
for intelligent machinery
The challenge for manufacturers of agricultural and construction machinery is how to implement intelligent
semi autonomous machine functions quickly and maintain them long term. Working with a control system
partner provides automation technology solutions similar to what is found in industrial manufacturing.
SOURCE: B&R
Builders of agricultural and construction machinery can leverage all the benefits of state-ofthe-art automation including safety technology and cloud connectivity.
MANUFACTURERS OF AGRICULTURAL AND networked machines, cloud connectivity, Rugged control and HMI
construction machinery face the challenge of digital process chains and integrated safety The situation faced by agricultural and
implementing intelligent (semi)autonomous and security are growing increasingly construction machinery builders has prompted
machine functions quickly and maintaining important for mobile equipment as well. B&R to apply its automation technology
them long term. Big-name manufacturers are driving these new to mobile machinery. A great deal of the
The costs of developing such solutions functions forward in the area of agricultural technology developed over the past 35
in-house are prohibitively high, however. and construction machinery. years for industrial use translates very well
A technology partner with a comprehensive To remain competitive, small and mid-sized to agricultural, construction and municipal
automation system is therefore a perfect fit manufacturers must follow suit. The question applications.
for small and mid-sized mobile equipment is: how? Establishing an in-house engineering Essentially, all that remained for B&R was
builders. department from the ground up to perform the to make its controllers and HMI units suitable
Today’s agricultural and construction necessary R&D is an enormous investment. The for mobile use. Rugged X90 control and I/O
machinery is equipped with advanced much easier alternative for manufactureres control system technology can withstand
functionality that is very similar to what is is to work side-by-side with an experienced temperatures from -40 to 85°C as well as
found in industrial manufacturing. State- technology partner to complete automation shocks and vibrations while it is also resistant
of-the-art technology such as intelligently tasks. to salt, UV light and oil. The modular control
18 in d u s t r ial et h er ne t b o o k 7.2019SOURCE: B&R
solution is fully interoperable with the rest of
B&R's technology platform.
Technology
As a result, it is programmed using the
Automation Studio engineering tool and is also
capable of hard real-time communication via
the POWERLINK industrial Ethernet protocol.
Scalable hardware platform
The hardware platforms have been designed to
be modular and scalable. For the X90 system,
modular means that the machine manufacturer
can select from a variety of option boards to
implement the functions needed, including
additional I/Os and interfaces. Scalable
means users are able to choose from a range
of performance classes – ensuring consistent
solutions for basic to high-end machines.
Ready-made software components
There is more to the solution than the
hardware alone. The mapp Technology toolkit
provides more than 200 preprogrammed
software functions in Automation Studio. The The X90 control system technology enables mobile machines to be equipped with functions that make them
use of mapp technology provides solutions compatible with the Industrial IoT.
for web-based HMI, control, service, data
monitoring and more. Integrated safety Smart machines
It also makes it easy to implement serial Safety technology plays a key role in The X90 control system enables mobile
kinematic systems like those found in an automation and should not be underestimated. machines to be equipped with functions that
excavator arm. Application engineers simply Manufacturers can find helpful information on make them compatible with the Industrial
drag and drop the desired functions into the topic in the Machinery Directive 2006/42/ IoT. The X90 system can collect data, analyze
the application and enter the corresponding EC, which also applies to mobile machinery in it locally and send it to an edge server or
parameters. the European Economic Area, Switzerland and directly to the cloud via OPC UA. Condition
There’s no need for the programming work Turkey. It also contains harmonized standards monitoring and remote maintenance can also
that would traditionally be necessary. All that apply internationally. be implemented.
mapp functions are linked to one another and Developing integrated safety solutions This allows both builders and operators to
exchange data automatically. This significantly in-house is costly and complex, however. track the health and performance of tractors,
reduces the development overhead for new The technology relieves mobile machine excavators and other vehicles at all times. The
applications. manufacturers of this burden. With goal is to help agricultural and construction
The product platform has also been designed the integrated safety solution, safety machine builders of all sizes stay competitive.
so that, once application software has been applications can be created from pre-certified The benefits of safety technology and cloud
written, it can run on any hardware. This software blocks. The user simply links the connectivity are all easily within reach.
makes it easy to switch from a basic to a blocks together in the Automation Studio
high-end machine. For customers, that means development environment, considerably Stefan Taxer, Product Manager - Mobile
future-proof return on investment. reducing the programming overhead. Automation, B&R Industrial Automation.
WHILE OTHERS THINK
ABOUT THE IIOT
… we are already there.
Networks and computers for a smarter industry.
Powerful computers designed for your needs
Secure and reliable networks – anywhere, anytime
Vertical integration from SCADA to field device
www.moxa.com
25_ME_AZ_IIOT_IEB_230x96+3mm_E_DU15032019.indd 1 15.03.19 11:28You can also read
