"Tunnels - the only practical way of the future for urban centres" - 27th June 2019 - Hilton Hotel - Sydney - Transport Australia Conference
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"Tunnels - the only practical way of the
future for urban centres"
Ted Nye - Presenter
Sydney, Australia
ted.nye@nyeconsulting-eng.com.au
E J Nye & Associates Pty Ltd
27th June 2019 – Hilton Hotel - Sydney
1
15000
10000
5000
0
Tokyo Shanghai New York London Sydney Melbourne
Land Area and Pop. Density
Land Area Pop. Density
World City Population Land Area Pop. Density
Ranking (sq. Km) (people/sq. km)
1 Tokyo- Yokohama 38,505,000 8,223 4,700
7 Shanghai, SHG-JS-ZJ 22,125,000 4,015 5,500
8 New York, NY-NJ-CT 21,045,000 11,875 1,700
35 London 10,840,000 1,738 5,600
94 Sydney 4,515,000 2,179 2,000
97 Melbourne 4,500,000 2,705 1,600
City Ranking – Population, Land Area and Population Density*
*Source – Demographia - April 2019
45 km
15 km
Current population of -- Sydney 5 million
ABS prediction by 2066, will be 10 million
TOKYO
LONDON
Question?
Is Sydney being over developed or
is this perception a result of traffic
increasing congestion?
SYDNEY
Gosford
“Sydney, Gosford, Western Sydney Airport”
Gosford and the
Central Coast
Sydney
Sydney
Western Sydney Airport
ABS Prediction
Sydney’s - Sydney’s
population is heading Population
from 5 million will
towards 6 million be 10million
in 2036. in
2066.
By The Sydney
2046, Sydney’s Harbour
population will total 7.3Bridge will be
million people 100anyears
– that’s increaseold in
of 2.6
2032(only
million 13withyears
from 2016, away).
jobs growing Inmillion
by 1.3 1932toSydney’s population
totalling 3.7 million (sources, was
various).
1.3million. It is currently 5 million.
Brookvale
Proposed Light Rail
(via Frenchs Forest Hospital)
New Underground Rail
8
E J Nye & Associates Pty Ltd
“1969” DMR road proposal for the Manly-Warringah peninsula
Why is this happening?
The Warringah Transport Corridor Inquiry (1983)
– Commissioner David Kirby (later to be the highly renowned Supreme Court Judge)
- There was a significant proposal from the DMR for a freeway connected the Warringah Expressway.
- It is likely that the Inquiry was impeded in its consideration of a railway by the absence of a specific proposal.
- David Kirby noted, the Warringah peninsula is public transport poor, one of the few area in Sydney without rail.
(this emphasis embarrassed the government of the day)
- The political basis for the SRA’s despondency emerged in a later interview held by the SMH. The state cannot afford it.
- The most important outcome of the Inquiry was its firm declaration in favour of a permanent mass transit system.
- Kirby also states that the living environment is more attractive than the hot, exposed and polluted Cumberland Plain.
- At the same time the Inquiry highlighted the prevalent small-mindedness and ignorance in this area.Event Who Purpose Comment/Reaction Action
Email to Mayor of Sydney ”Thanks Ted… your proposal would not get off on the None. Since then the BNC has endorsed the NBL. Of
Michael the Heads Northern Beaches as it proposes substantial population course Warringah Road is being upgraded from 6 lanes to
Regan Northern Rail increases on the beaches. People would be more 10 lanes past the NB Hospital., Frenchs Forest. Mona Vale
Beaches Tunnel accepting of rail here (there will always be people who Road is being upgrade from 2 to 4 lanes between Terry Hills
(SHRT) oppose) if it was to address the existing population and Warriewood. When asked in a subsequent email how
pressures. Thanks for the contribution though. There are this will not result in increase population growth on the
plenty of positives, but the underlying flaw is that it Northern Beaches, got no response.
involves significant population growth on the beaches”.
Meeting Member for SHRT Good idea, not but interested as it does not go through Light rail tunnel connecting Chatswood and Brookvale now
Davidson, my electorate proposed through his electorate.
Northshore
Meeting NSW SHRT None, but Northern Beaches Road Tunnel Link and the Action taken, none. NSW Labor did not win the following
Shadow extension of Sydney Metro to Bankstown not Labor Party state election.
Minister. for policy.
Transport
Community Northern Community Quote “I have been in discussions on behalf of the council Interjected at this point. “The height clearance for all
Meeting Beaches Meeting with the RMS for the past 6 months”. “The NBL tunnel future road tunnels in Sydney will be 5.3m, the same as the
(100 plus Councillor organised by will not be big enough for the B-Line double decker buses bridge code, hence high vehicles, including the B-line buses
attendees) an action because the TBMs are not large enough” will be able to use the tunnel”. “There are TBM’s big
group against enough, however, road tunnels in Sydney have been
the tunnel. excavated by road headers(which place no restriction on
the size of the tunnel excavation”.
Rotary Talk Federal Talk to Rotary On tunnel ventilation – “the air filters in the M5 East Road At question time corrected the “air filter” scenario. There
(Glenrose Member for (June 2019), Tunnel are the cause of the air pollution in the tunnel”. are no air filters in the M5 East Road tunnel nor any other
Shopping Mackellar particularly “We have a NBL road tunnel because the alternative of road tunnel in Australia. The M5 East road tunnel once had
Centre) requested to rail cannot carry freight”. a small pilot air filtration system, it no longer operates” In a
talk about later email the MP. ”the NBL has nothing to do with large
the NBL road freight trucks like Northconnex road tunnel has being
on the National Highway”There were 5 tower cranes at Dee Why, June 2018
Sydney Metro Stage 1 - operating 2019
Proposed Sydney
Heads Rail Tunnel
Sydney Metro Stage 2 - Harbour Crossing
800m long twin tunnel crossing
Single slurry TBM, in ground 2019.
Using retrieval shaft.
Sydney Metro Stage 2 - operating 2024 Bondi Junction
Station
15/07/2019 14Not all “Transport Tunnels” are the same
(comparing road and rail tunnels servicing the urban environment)
Objectives Comment Road Tunnel/Network Metro Rail Tunnels
Surface Impacts None (not including entrances and exits)
(property/the environment)
Surface Impacts Varies (for road very significant at portals)
(property/environment)
Efficiency Tunnel road traffic impacts the local road network
Productivity Rail frees up the road network for surface freight.
Reliability Traffic congestion depends on the time of day and random
events(accidents).
Safety Decreases road accidents (increases local road traffic)
Sustainability Rail reduces air pollution and noise (increased traffic on
local roads)
Enhancement of urban Confine growth to designated areas, help development
development consolidation of satellite cities
Connectivity/decentralisation Train speeds vary upwards from 120km/hr, >> road
Transport Capacity/$ Spent Road (6,000 people/hour), Rail (32,000+ people/hour)TBM
Road Header
Value for Dollar!
Sydney Road Tunnel - by Sydney Metro - by TBM
road header
Excavation Rate Transport People/HourSlow shared passenger and freight rail line from Gosford
Tunnel or bridge crossing
at Pittwater
Option 1 - Stage 1
Faster Train – Sydney CBD to Gosford
Tunnel crossing
Sydney Heads Via new railway tunnels
E J Nye & Associates Pty
Ltd Underground Light Rail between Chatswood and
BrookvaleRoute of Light Rail (80% of length underground)
Length of light rail is 14 km
Light Rail between Chatswood and Brookvale Railway Station
Northern Beaches Hospital, New Town
Centre & Industrial Park
Beacon Hill
Forestville
Suspend light rail under the Dee Why Rail Station
existing Roseville Bridge
structure
Eastern Valley Light
Way rail connecting Chatswood
Industrial Park and Brookvale Railway Stations Brookvale Rail Station New
satellite CBD with major
university
Eastern Valley Way
Industrial Park
Manly Vale Rail Station
Beaches Link road tunnel
(2 x 3-lanes from North Sydney to
Chatswood Seaforth)
E J Nye & Associates Pty LtdSydney CBD and Harbour Bridge
North Bondi
Rail tunnel crossing
of Sydney Heads
Reduces surface traffic congestion at Bondi
and Sydney’s dependence on the Harbour
Bridge.
Manly
E J Nye & Associates Pty Ltd 19North
North Side Storage Tunnel
Middle Harbour Paleochannel To Gosford and
(depth below MSL 100m) Newcastle
Brookvale Lakes
Rose Bay Paleochannel
(depth below MSL 65)
MSL – Mean Sea Level
Manly Paleochannel
(depth below MSL 60m)
Sydney Heads Paleochannel new railway tunnels
(depth below MSL 90m) North Head Outfall Tunnel
4 km long(depth below MSL 120m) existing railway tunnels
Bondi Outfall Tunnel
Three significant deep underwater tunnel projects already completed in the vicinity of the proposed Sydney Heads rail tunnel crossing, Bondi
and North Head Outfall Tunnels and the North Side Storage Tunnel
20
E J Nye & Associates Pty LtdSydney Heads Rail Tunnel - a potentially new rail harbour crossing 7.5km
east of the near “100 year” old Sydney Harbour Bridge
7m diameter single track rail tunnel
12m wide with 3-lane road tunnel
Sydney Metro Rail Tunnel – up to 32,000+ people/hour
(takes vehicle traffic off surface roads)
Comparing a Metro Train capacity with a typical
3-lane road tunnel (in one direction only)
Are people in Sydney concerned about urban development,
Typical 3-lane road tunnel - max 6000 to 8000 people/hour
or is it really all about road traffic congestion? (adds around 5000 vehicles/hour to local surface roads from the exit portal at peak times)E J Nye & Associates Pty Ltd PROJECT CONCEPT North
Doubling rail capacity to the north would
provide benefits to rail freight growth Gosford/Woy Woy
and city security, sustainability (new regional CBD)
Hornsby
Currently 40 long-distance passenger trains
up to 20 freight trains in each direction per
day
Mona Vale
Station at
Uses existing CBD stations Town Warriewood
Hall and Martin Place then Industrial Park
Strathfield
through to Central. Martin Place
Station is also an interchange Chatswood
station on the new Sydney Metro Dee Why
Stage 2 project.
Brookvale (develop to size of North
Sydney CBD Sydney CBD)
2
2
Manly The existing rail corridor (Northern Line) is approaching
A direct rail link between the north and Bondi Vale capacity, constraining future freight and passenger growth.
south shores across Sydney Heads, Junction The proposed new line would enable planned, ordered
7.5km east of the Sydney Harbour Bridge. population growth in the Northern Beaches Council and
Creates employment opportunities for North Bondi Central Coast Regions
residents on both side of the harbour,
plus significant travel time related Schematic 1 of 3
benefits.Brookvale 15/07/2019 23
To Gosford CBD
Sydney Metro Stage 1 - operating 2019
Sydney Metro West
New Frenchs Forest Sydney Heads Rail Tunnel
Hospital and Town Proposed light rail
Centre and existing
industrial zone.
Brookvale CBD
Manly
Vale
Westmead Parramatta
In future to Martin Place Proposed Sydney
Western Homebush Heads Rail
Sydney Airport Tunnel
Illawarra Line loops North Bondi
Sydney Metro Stage 2 - operating 2024 south
via St James Station Bondi Junction
E. J. Nye & Associates Pty Ltd
July 2018
Mobile: 0422003275
15/07/2019 24
ted.nye@nyeconsulting- To MalabarNew connecting tunnels
ted.nye@nyeconsulting-eng.com.au (pass under the Sydney Metro tunnels)
0422003275
Sydney Metro West
Sydney Metro Stage 2
Existing disused tunnels
Existing tunnels linking Town Hall and St James Station
and Martin Place Station not used. central platforms
Sydney Metro West connected to Bondi
Junction using existing tunnels and then in new
tunnels across Sydney Heads to Brookvale CBD
and Gosford CBD and the central coast
Disused tunnel
north St James
Station
Option 2 Alignment New lower tunnels
Used as a pedestrian
Direct rail connection between Parramatta and platforms
link to Martin Place
CBD and Westmead, the Sydney CBD and constructed below St
Station
Brookvale CBD then up to the Gosford CBD James Station
and the central coast
Illawarra Line re-routed south
through St James Station
E. J. Nye & Associates Pty Ltd - Feb 2019New lower St James Station – Concept Sectional Footprint
Station excavation - completed March 1923 Station platforms - completed end 1924
Station plan and section through booking hall Booking hall steel frame erection 1925
Historical records of St James Station, the station was opened in 1927. The central platform at the station has never been used.Where is the rail network east
of the Sydney CBD?
Thanks for Listening
E. J. Nye & Associates Pty Ltd
mobile: 0422003275
ted.nye@nyeconsulting-eng.com.au
27 June 2019
Link to YouTube EA presentation:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t70kd6eUMfIYou can also read
