Traditional Games A collection of group games from around the world
←
→
Page content transcription
If your browser does not render page correctly, please read the page content below
Traditional Games A collection of group games from around the world
Welcome
Traditional games Youth Sport Trust:
All around the world, children love sport. It gives them the Sport Changes Lives
chance to have fun and be active. Yet sport is also a way Youth Sports Trust is a charity which is
of learning important values and life skills, including self- passionate about helping all young people to
confidence, team work, communication, inclusion, discipline, achieve their full potential in life and in sport through the
respect and fair play. For this reason, sport is an important delivery of high quality PE and sport.
part of childhood.
They work to:
Although some sports are universal, some are specific to a
culture or country. In this pack are some great games that • give every child a sporting start in life through high quality
children play around the world. PE and sport in primary schools.
• ensure all young people have a sporting chance by
developing opportunities for those with special educational
UNICEF needs and disabilities.
UNICEF is the world’s leading organisation for children, • support all young people to achieve their sporting best in
working in over 190 countries to help every child realise school and their personal best in life.
their full potential.
• Find out more by visiting www.youthsporttrust.org
We work with families, local communities, partners and
governments to transform the lives of children everywhere.
UNICEF provides health care, water, nutrition, education International Inspiration
and protection for children. In everything we do, the most The charity International Inspiration (IN) uses
vulnerable and disadvantaged children are our priority. the power of sport to involve, inspire and
As champion of the UN Convention on the Rights of the positively impact upon the lives of children,
Child, we work to protect and promote the rights of young people and marginalised groups
every child. around the world – providing them with rights and
opportunities that they may otherwise not have had.
UNICEF is working in partnership with Glasgow 2014 and
the Commonwealth Games Federation to use the power of Find out more by visiting
sport to transform children’s lives in Scotland and throughout www.internationalinspiration.org
the Commonwealth.
TRADITIONAL GAMES: WELCOME
The STEP framework The Inclusion Spectrum
The STEP framework offers guidance on how to modify When playing these games, it is important that everyone can
games to ensure people with a wide range of abilities can take part.
have fun taking part and progress their learning. The Inclusion Spectrum is a useful model for ensuring this. It
Think about: works on the principle that everyone can take part in activities
at their own level of ability and be challenged in an appropriate
way to improve.
Space Where?
It gives five ways to enable maximum participation:
Task What? • Open activities are set up in such a way that everyone can
Equipment With what? take part at their own level without modification
People With whom? • Modified activities are variations or adaptations based on
the STEP framework to ensure everyone is included
• Parallel groups or team based on ability
Variations of the games based on this framework are given
on the back of each card. • Separate practice for individuals or groups enabling
successful integration
• Disability sport activities for non-disabled
and disabled young people (reverse integration)
Always consult the participants about their needs and
how to adapt the activity to enable maximum participation
and enjoyment.
TRADITIONAL GAMES: WELCOME
Road Tennis
An extremely popular, cheap and accessible variation of lawn tennis
and table tennis which emerged in the 1930s, mainly played in urban areas.
Age: 11+ The two players/teams must hit • A set is the best of three games
Players: Two (for “singles”) or the ball between each other. The (the player/team who wins two
four (for “doubles”), plus someone ball can bounce once before being out of the three games is the
to keep score. hit back. overall winner), or the best of
The first player/team to reach five games, (the player/teams
Pitch: A 21x10 foot rectangle on who wins three out of the five
a hard, smooth and level surface 21 points is declared the winner of
the game, unless the players/teams games is the overall winner).
– ideally asphalt, concrete or an
indoor wooden surface - split into have been tied at 20 points. If this • If a set reaches the third/fifth
two equal halves widthways. is the case, the game is declared a game, the players/teams
The court should be marked out “deuced game” and is won by the change ends after 10 points.
in white lines. The long sides of first player/team to lead by two
the court are extended six feet at points. During a deuced game, the
each end – these are called the serve alternates after each point.
“governor lines.” When a game is won, the
Time: Typically, a game lasts for players/teams change their
15 to 20 minutes and a set up to playing ends.
45 minutes to 1 hour. Scoring
Rules: The game starts with a coin • If a player hits the ball and it
toss between the two players/teams. lands outside of the lines, or
The scorer should do the coin toss. doesn’t reach the other side of
The winner of the toss has the the court, the other player/team
choice of taking the first serve or gets a point.
choosing which side of the court to
play on first.
The serve alternates between
the two players/teams every five
points. If playing doubles, the serve
alternates between each player on
the team between each point.
TRADITIONAL GAMES: BARBADOS
Equipment Adaptations and variations This activity can be used as
• A, typically wooden, net, eight Easier • A warm-up
inches in height, placed over the • Space: Broaden the court. • A skill development activity
centre line. This should extend
beyond the width of the court by • Task: NA • A game
six inches on either side, and be • Equipment: Use bigger racquets Who could use this card?
painted white. and a slower ball. Lower the net.
• Community leaders
• A standard lawn tennis ball with • People: NA
• Teachers
the fur removed.
Harder • Sports coaches
• Each player needs a racquet, • Space: Make the court smaller. • Physical education teachers
which should be made of wood.
• Task: NA • Parents
The racquet should be no more
than 11 inches in diameter at its • Equipment: Use smaller racquets • Rehabilitation specialists
widest point. and a faster ball. Raise the net.
• Fitness enthusiasts
• People: NA
Safety • Health professionals
• Players should warm up before Inclusion
the game starts. Try:
• The playing area must be clear • Using different types of balls
of any obstructions, including at and racquets.
least 10ft around the court. • Increasing the size of the court
to facilitate wheelchairs.
Skills developed
• Endurance
• Teamwork
• Agility
• Speed
• Fitness
BARBADOS
Road tennis
Sal out
For generations, this game has been enjoyed by children
in Guyana, from the remotest regions to busy urban areas.
Age: 6+ Rules: There is an attacking team Scoring
Players: Two equal teams of at and a defending team. At least one • The defending team scores
least four players. player from the defending team one point for each salman they
stands in each of the bars. tag.
Pitch: The pitch is drawn using
chalk or a stone (if playing on earth). The attacking team assembles in • The attacking team scores
It consists of a vertical bar, crossed the circle. The game begins when one point for each clear run a
by three long, horizontal bars at the one of the defenders tags one salman makes.
top, middle and bottom. At one end of the attackers in the circle. The
of the vertical bar is a circle. attacker then become ‘salman’, and Safety
has to run to the end bar and back • Players should warm up before
Time: Unlimited. without being tagged by a defender. the game starts.
If salman is tagged, they are out.
• The playing area must be
Once salman passes the end bar clear of any obstructions.
and is on their way back, another
attacking player becomes salman
too, and begins their run of the
length of the pitch. If the new
salman is caught, they are out.
Each attacking player takes a turn
at being salman.
The teams swap over once every
attacking player has been salman.
TRADITIONAL GAMES: GUYANA
Adaptations and variations Skills developed
Easier • Teamwork
• Space: Increase the playing area. • Agility
• Task: Create a ‘safe zone’ at the • Speed
top of the pitch where salman
can pause before running back to This activity can be used as
the circle. • A skill development activity
• Equipment: NA • A game
• People: Reduce the number of
Who could use this card?
players on each team to three.
• Young leaders
Harder
• Space: Decrease the size of
the bars.
• Task: Every salman must make
a clear run for the attacking team
to win.
• Equipment: NA
• People: Increase the number
of players on each team.
GUYANA
Sal out
Te Boiri
For hundreds of years this game, also called ‘Tapping the ball’,
has been played in the remotest islands of Kiribati.
Age: 15+ Rules: The players form a circle. Equipment
Players: As many as you like – One player stands in the middle of • A ball. This is usually made from
enough to form a circle. the circle. They kick a ball a short local materials – such as knotting
distance into the air. The person dry leaves from a Panadanas tree.
Pitch: A clear space – this doesn’t nearest then takes over and kicks
have to be particularly large, the the ball on – never allowing it to Safety
game is often played in backyards drop on the ground. One after • Ensure players are warmed up.
and most of Kiribati’s islands are another, the players kick the ball
very narrow. • Ensure the playing area is clear
to each other. The ball can be from objects that could hurt the
Time: Unlimited. passed back to the player in the players while running around –
middle as well. such as, in Kiribati, shells,
The ball should not be allowed to coral and rocks that are
fall to the ground. Everyone should embedded in the sand.
get a chance to participate. If any In Kiribati players usually
player drops the ball, they are out go barefoot.
and have to leave the circle until a
fresh round starts once every player
has had a chance to kick the ball.
TRADITIONAL GAMES: KIRIBATI
Adaptations and variations Skills developed
Easier • Teamwork
• Space: NA • Practice
• Task: Ball can bounce once • Speed
between passes.
This activity can be used as
• Equipment: Use a larger ball.
• A skill development activity
• People: Only five people
per game. • A game
Harder Who could use this card?
• Space: Increase the size of • Teachers
the playing area. • Youth leaders
• Task: Ball cannot be passed to a • Sports coaches
player immediately next to you.
• Community leaders
• Equipment: NA
• Parents
• People: NA
KIRIBATI
Te boiri
Circle sepak takraw
A kicking game from the 15th century played throughout South East Asia.
Age: 5+ Each team has three tosses to keep Scoring
Players: Teams of six. the ball in play. • Kick-volley, head pass = one point.
Pitch: A 1m radius circle on any After the three tosses are • Shoulder, knee, toe or other body
flat playing space bounded by a 4m completed, change the playing pass = two points.
radius circle. team.
• Team total is the number of points
Time: Unlimited. The ball may not be passed to a gained from the three tosses.
team member immediately on the
Rules: The playing team stands left or right. Equipment
anywhere in the 4m circle but not in • A rattan ball or a ball of similar
the 1m circle. A player may only touch the
ball a maximum of three times size, with a circumference of
A player starts in the centre of the before passing. around 40/45cm.
1m circle and tosses the ball to any Safety
one of their team members and A player may not step outside the
then rejoins their team. 4m circle or into the 1m circle. • Ankles protected by
socks or stockings
The first touch by this player must and sports shoes.
be a kick-volley.
All kicks or passes between players
should cross the 1m circle and aim
to be above head height.
Players should use a variety of
skills such as kicking, heading,
shouldering, kneeing and tipping
with a toe. All parts of the body
can be used except the hands
and arms.
TRADITIONAL GAMES: MALAYSIAAdaptations and variations Skills developed
Easier • Kick-volley
• Space: Use the whole playing • Heading
area (both circles). • Coordination
• Task: No limit to the number of
touches before passing. This activity can be used as
• Equipment: Use a softer ball. • A skill-development activity
• People: NA. • A game
Harder Who could use this card?
• Space: Make the playing • Teachers
space larger. • Young leaders
• Task: Each player can touch the • Sports coaches
ball a maximum of two times
• Community leaders
before passing.
• Students
• Equipment: Use a smaller ball.
• People: Reduce the number of
players in a team.
Inclusion
An adaptation for this game could
be to use hands and arms.
MALAYS IA
Circle sepak takrawKi-o-Rahi
This Maori game is also called ‘The Game of Stars’ or ‘The Games of Peace’.
It evolved out of multiple archaic games based on the story of legendary figure Rahi.
Age: 5+ Rules: The Kioma team play in the If they are tagged or tackled, they
Players: Two teams of seven Pawero and Te Ao. Three Kioma have three seconds to pass the ball
players, though this can be adjusted guard the tupu in the Pawero, and to a teammate or it goes to
depending on the size of the playing the other four players are in the the Taniwha.
area. One team is the Kioma and Te Ao. Kiomo can swap between Kioma without the ball cannot stop or
the other team is the Taniwha – this the Pawero and Te Ao by running interfere with a Taniwha player who
switches every quarter. through the Te Ara. is tagging the Kioma with the ki.
Pitch: The playing field consists of The Kioma have to stop the A Kioma in the Te Marama kicks off
three concentric circles – the Taniwha team from hitting the tupu to the Kioma in the Pawero; they
playing zones – intersected by a with the ball, or ki. The players in then try to pass it out to their
pathway, the Te Ara. At the end of the Pawero can use any part of teammates in the Te Ao.
the Te Ara, on the outside of the their bodies to block the ball from
hitting the target. They can also (continued on page 2)
largest circle, is a small circle with a
radius of 1m, called the Te catch or intercept the ki and throw
Marama. The inner circle, or it out to their own players in the Te
Pawero, has a radius of 4m – with a Ao. They must pass the ball out of
target, the tupu, placed at the exact the Pawero within five seconds.
centre. The middle circle, or Te The Kioma are also trying to tag
Roto, has a radius of 11m, and the the pou in the Te Ao with the ki.
outer circle, or Te Ao, has a radius Once they have tagged one or
of 21m. These distances can be more pou, they must run with the ki
modified to fit smaller spaces. through the Te Roto to the Pawero
Seven posts, or pou, are evenly and touch the ki down, without a
spaced around the Te Ao area. Taniwha tagging them with both
hands on the hips or tackling them.
The pitch can be marked on a
playing field or gymnasium.
Small cones can be used to mark
the boundaries.
Time: Four 10 minute quarters.
TRADITIONAL GAMES: NEW ZEALANDRules ctd. Safety Inclusion
The Taniwha score points by • Make sure the ball is not too Try:
throwing the ki at the tupu from the hard, a tennis ball or a softball- • Using a large, soft ball that can be thrown with
Te Roto: if they enter the Pawero, sized soft rubber ball is suitable. two hands.
the hit does not count. They can The game could also be played
only have the ki in the Te Roto for with a volleyball. • Increasing the size of the pitch to
ten seconds before trying to hit the facilitate wheelchairs.
• Replace all tackling with a two-
tupu or passing it out. handed tag touch to the hips, or Skills developed
If the ki goes loose, any team can use ripper rugby tags if available.
• Quick hand passing
pick it up and play with it.
Adaptations and variations • Team strategies
Teams can mutually decide to vary
Easier • Ball handling
the rules before playing the game –
a traditional process called Tatu. • Space: Make the pitch smaller. • Throwing
• Task: Remove the touchdown • Running
Scoring
component so the Kioma only • Tackling
• The Taniwha team scores one have tag the pou the target.
point for hitting the tupu. This activity can be used as
• Equipment: A larger ball.
• The Kioma team scores one • A skill-development activity
A larger target.
point for each pou tagged in the • A game
Te Ao, but only if the move is • People: Fewer Kioma allowed in
finished by touching the ki down the Pawero to guard the tupu. Who could use this card?
in the Pawero. So, tag one post Harder • Teachers
and touchdown equals one point,
• Space: A larger pitch. • Young leaders
tag two posts and touchdown
equals two points. There are • Sports coaches
• Task: Allow full contact tackling
seven posts, so it is possible to (be mindful of the playing surface.) • Community
score seven points. Touching the leaders
• Equipment: Use a smaller ball.
ball down is known as a try, or • Parents
Reduce the size of the target.
Tupu Manawa.
• People: Allow more Kioma in the
Equipment Pawero to guard the tupu.
• A tupu – usually a large drum.
• Small cones for boundary
markers.
• Seven large cones or poles
for pou.
• A ball.
NEW ZEALAND
Ki-o-RahiOkwe
A throwing and catching game said to be
‘as old as man’, played all over Nigeria.
Age: 11+ Repeat the activity and continue Scoring
Players: Two or more. to increase the number of objects • Score one point for completing
picked up in one turn until all six the task of picking up six objects.
Pitch: 2m x 2m for two players, objects have been picked up at
a larger space is required for once to end the game. Equipment
more players. • Small roundish objects that have
If before picking up the object
Time: Unlimited. on the ground the one thrown up a smooth surface like pebbles,
Rules: Two or more players are falls to the ground the player loses rubber seeds and beads.
required to play this game. his or her turn and another player Safety
takes over. • The objects should be smooth.
The playing space required depends
on the number of players, for The stage at which the player loses • The objects should be thrown
example 2m x 2m for two players. their turn is where they continue away from players’ faces.
from when it is their turn again.
Throw all seven playing objects on
the ground. The throwing and catching action
should be completed using the
One player picks one of the objects
same hand.
and throws it up. Before it comes
down, he or she picks up one of If either more or fewer objects are
the remaining six objects on the picked up by mistake the player
ground and then catches the object loses his or her turn.
thrown up.
Continue to throw one object up
and continue to pick up the other
objects on the ground one by one
with the same hand, until all six
objects have been picked up.
TRADITIONAL GAMES: NIGERIAAdaptations and variations Skills developed
Easier • Catching
• Space: After throwing, move • Throwing
the objects on the floor closer • Reaction time
together before the game begins.
• Task: Reduce the number of This activity can be used as
objects to be used in the game. • A skill-development activity
• Equipment: Use softer textured • A game
objects.
Who could use this card?
• People: Work in pairs – one
thrower/catcher and one gatherer • Teachers
of objects. • Young leaders
Harder • Sports coaches
• Space: After throwing, move the • Community leaders
objects at least 10cm apart. • Students
• Task: Increase the number of
objects in the game.
• Equipment: Use smaller objects.
• People: NA.
Inclusion
Try:
• playing the game on a table; or
• objects may be touched or
pushed aside while a partner
throws and catches one object.
NIGERIA
OkweThree tins An aiming game that forms part of South Africa’s heritage. Age: 6+ Equipment Players: Two equal teams with a • Three tins, plastic blocks or other minimum of five people. stacking objects. Pitch: 8m x 4m. • A small ball. Time: Unlimited. Safety Rules: Three tins are placed on • A flat playing area free of debris. top of each other. The first player has three attempts to knock the tins down. The player throws the ball from outside the marked playing area. If successful the player runs out, re-builds the tins, draws a square around the tins and hops over the tins three times. If the ball misses or is thrown too far the players shout ‘Thayma’ until the ball is returned. If after three throws the player has been unsuccessful, the first player from the opposing team becomes the thrower. TRADITIONAL GAMES: SOUTH AFRICA
Adaptations and variations Skills developed
Easier • Balance
• Space: Decrease the space. • Hand-eye coordination
• Task: NA This activity can be used as
• Equipment: A larger ball. • A skill-development activity
• People: NA • A game
Harder Who could use this card?
• Space: Increase space. • Teachers
• Task: NA • Young leaders
• Equipment: Four stacking • Sports coaches
objects.
• Community leaders
• People: NA
• Students
SOUTH AFRICA
Three tinsAn invasion/tagging game believed to be more than
Kabaddi
4,000 years old, played all over Asia with minor variations.
Age: 12+ If an antis player is tagged they Scoring
Players: Two teams of seven leave the playing space. • If a raider makes a successful tag
players - a ‘raiding’ (attacking) team The remaining members of the they score one point.
and an ‘antis’ (defending) team. antis team form a chain to attempt • If the antis team catches the
Plus three reserves per team, who to stop the raider from returning to raider before they return to their
can be swapped in for a player at his or her own half. own half they score one point.
any time. If the chain breaks or the antis step • An Iona (two points) is scored if
Pitch: 13m x 10m divided into two out of the playing area they lose a all antis are declared out.
halves. player.
• The team with the most points
Time: Two 20-minute halves with a Players are only allowed back at the end of the match
five-minute half time. into play when their team has is the winner.
Rules: Each team occupies half of completed a successful raid.
Equipment
the playing area. The teams change over when all
the antis or raiders are out. • A flat playing area
A raider attempts to cross into the clear of debris.
antis’ half to tag one of their players
and return to his or her own half. Safety
A raider takes a deep breath at the • Tag on the torso.
start of his or her turn and must
hold this breath while attempting to
tag an antis and return to his or her
own playing space.
A raider is sent off if he or she takes
a breath before returning to his or
her own half or goes out of the
playing area.
TRADITIONAL GAMES: SOUTH ASIAAdaptations and variations Skills developed
Easier • Aiming
• Space: Increase the space. • Throwing
• Task: NA • Changing direction
• Equipment: NA • Coordination
• People: NA This activity can be used as
• A warm-up
• A skill-development activity
Who could use this card?
• Teachers
• Young leaders
• Sports coaches
• Community leaders
• Parents
SOUTH ASIA
KabaddiShake
A tagging game of uncertain origin
played widely by children in Tanzania.
Age: 5+ attempt to get to the opposite end Equipment
Players: Two teams of six. of the grid. • A playing area the size of a
Pitch: A grid (i.e. boxes with The defending team aims to tag volleyball court marked with grids
corridors) drawn on the ground the attackers whenever they pass and corridors.
the approximate size of a through a corridor space. Safety
volleyball court. Scoring • A flat playing area free of debris.
Time: Unlimited. • Each member of the attacking • Defenders tag between
Rules: Two teams of six players. team who reaches the opposite shoulder and waist.
end of the grid without being
A grid (ie boxes with corridors) tagged scores one point.
drawn on the ground the
approximate size of a volleyball • The attacking team repeats the
court. activity back to the starting line
scoring in the same way.
The defending team’s players
position themselves along any • When an attacker is tagged in
corridors within the grid. a corridor he or she becomes a
member of the defending team.
The attacking players position
themselves outside the grid at • When the attacking team has had
one end. two attempts to score points the
teams change over.
On a signal, the attacking team
moves from box to box in an
TRADITIONAL GAMES: TANZANIAAdaptations and variations Skills developed
Easier • Running
• Space: Decrease the size of • Stopping
the corridor areas. • Changing direction
• Task: Attackers score one • Teamwork
point for every box reached
successfully. • Planning and strategies
• Equipment: NA This activity can be used as
• People: Increase the number • A warm up
of attackers.
• A skill-development activity
Harder • A game
• Space: Increase the size of the
Who could use this card?
corridor space.
• Teachers
• Task: Attackers must cross the
grid there and back to score • Young leaders
one point. • Sports coaches
• Equipment: NA • Community leaders
• People: Decrease the number • Students
of attackers.
Inclusion
An attacker could score one point
for each box reached successfully.
TANZANIA
ShakeMoral
A rolling, bouncing and clapping game traditionally
played in schools and local communities in Trinidad and Tobago.
Age: 6+ Players must not step on any lines A player who fails to complete an
Players: One to five players. during their turn. action in the game is replaced by
The player continues from the the next player in the group.
Pitch: 8m x 8m equally divided
into eight boxes. The boxes starting point – roll the ball into box The first person to complete
are numbered one to eight two, step one foot into box one, the task is the winner!
consecutively. retrieve the ball in box two and
bounce it twice, clapping hands Equipment
Time: Unlimited. twice after each bounce, then step • A tennis ball or similar.
Rules: The aim of the game is to one foot into box number two and
roll and bounce the ball in turn into continue stepping into each box in Safety
each box starting with box one turn to reach box number eight. • A flat playing space
through to box eight and back again Continue this cycle from the same free of debris.
from box eight to box one. starting point to boxes three to eight.
While the ball is being bounced If the player successfully reaches
in each box the player must clap box number eight then he or she
hands the same number of times turns round to complete a victory
as the number in the box. lap, still standing on one foot.
At the start of the game the player Bounce the ball eight times in box
must roll the ball from behind the eight clapping eight times between
playing area near the first box. each bounce.
The ball is rolled into box one, Turn around on one foot and repeat
retrieved in box one and bounced in box seven before stepping on
once in box one –- when the hands one foot into box seven.
are clapped once – before the
player steps one foot into box one. Repeat from boxes six
to one.
The player continues stepping into
each box in turn until box number
eight is reached.
TRADITIONAL GAMES: TRINIDAD AND TOBAGOAdaptations and variations Skills developed
Easier • Coordination
• Space: Larger boxes. • Bouncing
• Task: Throw up instead • Throwing
of bounce. • Balance
• Equipment: Use a bean bag
instead of a ball or a larger ball. This activity can be used as
• People: NA • A game
Harder Who could use this card?
• Space: Smaller boxes. • Teachers
• Task: NA • Young leaders
• Equipment: Use a smaller, • Sports coaches
harder ball. • Community leaders
• People: NA • Students
TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO
MoralShomba A dodging and tagging game played widely throughout Zambia. Age: 5+ Equipment Players: Two teams, with a • An ichimpombwa (traditional minimum of three players per team Zambia ball), soft ball up to as many as you like. or similar. Pitch: An open flat playing space • A bucket or similar vessel. with no specific boundaries. • A sand pit. Time: Unlimited. • Sand. Rules: One player from team A – the dodgers – begins by filling a Safety bucket with sand from a pile, and • Players can only be tagged transferring the sand to a sand pit. below shoulder height. Team B – the taggers – take it in turns to throw a soft ball at the dodger from an agreed distance. When tagged (hit with the ball) this player goes to the back of team A and the next dodger steps forward to continue filling the sand pit. The game continues until either the dodgers fill the sand pit and count to 10 or the taggers eliminate the dodgers before they complete the task. TRADITIONAL GAMES: ZAMBIA
Adaptations and variations Skills developed
Easier • Aiming
• Space: Taggers move • Throwing
further away. • Changing direction
• Task: NA • Coordination
• Equipment: A larger bucket or
vessel to fill. This activity can be used as
• People: Decrease the number • A warm-up
of taggers. • A skill-development activity
Harder Who could use this card?
• Space: Taggers move closer. • Teachers
• Task: NA • Young leaders
• Equipment: NA • Sports coaches
• People: Increase the number • Community leaders
of taggers.
• Parents
ZAMBIA
ShombaYou can also read
