SUSTAINING THE MOMENTUM - NATIONAL BUDGET BULLETIN 2019/20 JUNE 2019 - PWC TANZANIA
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In this bulletin… 1. Commentary 03 2. Direct Taxes 05 3 Other Administrative Matters 06 4. Indirect Taxes 07 5. The Economy 10 6. Financial Services Sector 17 7. Consumer Industrial Products and Services Sector 21 8. Government and Public Sector 25 9. Mining Sector 28 10. Appendices 32 Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 2
Commentary In his speech on the Economy, the Minister Looking forward, the Minister’s macro- for Finance and Planning Hon Dr Philip economic objectives for 2019/20 include Mpango cited robust macro-economic continued strong growth (7.1% for 2019 statistics including robust GDP growth (7.0%) compared to 7% in 2018) and revenue and single digit inflation. Against the collection (Tax to GDP ratio of 13.1%, background of national development priorities compared to a projected 12.1% for 2018/19). as set out in the National Five Year There is also an aim of controlling inflation to Development Plan 2016/17-2020/21, he between 3.0% and 4.5%. To achieve this he emphasised the importance of the emphasised the Government’s intention to implementation of ongoing infrastructure improve the business environment in a bid to development projects so as to set the attract foreign direct investment in priority platform to nurture industrialisation. areas (including agriculture, construction, manufacturing, mining, oil and gas, Economic activities with the highest For the nine months to March 2019 telecommunications, tourism). contribution to GDP including agriculture Government Revenue was only 3.9% up on (28.2%) and construction (13.0%), both of prior year (based on Bank of Tanzania Apart from continued infrastructure which had robust growth. Agriculture’s growth monthly economic reviews). If looking at tax investment there was recognition of the need of 5.3% reflected favourable weather revenue in isolation (namely, excluding non- to rationalise and harmonise laws, conditions that enabled a bumper harvest. tax revenue and Local Government Authority regulations and policies governing Construction’s growth of 12.9% was a direct revenues both of which grew strongly investment; and to encourage investment in consequence of the infrastructure during the year), then the growth was just public private partnerships. The focus on investments, in particular in roads, railway 1.4%. The Budget speech mentioned improvement of the business environment is and airports - and this was also reflected in underperformance of tax revenue collections well placed. The country’s ranking in various the balance of payments which saw an which for the ten months to April 2019 were survey continue to indicate a challenge on increase in the value of imported goods and equivalent to 87.4% of the target. this front - for example, ranking of 144th out in particular construction materials. of 190 countries in the 2019 World Bank Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 3
Commentary Ease of Doing Business Ranking, or World implementation of the Blueprint for regulatory that with effect from next financial year, the Economic Forum (WEF) Global streamlining. It also noted the need to Government will implement the Blueprint Competitiveness Ranking (116th out of 140 address deficiencies in infrastructure services Action Plan exhaustively to improve business countries in 2018). and skills. environment, so that the business environment becomes more friendly, cost In its January 2019 Tanzania Economic The Budget speech included reference to effective and efficient”. Update, the World Bank highlighted that “in steps taken to verify and pay arrears to 2017, FDI declined to 2.3 percent of GDP, suppliers, contractors and public servants, The TZS 23,045 billion domestic revenue down from 3.9 percent in 2016” noting that and there was a commitment given to budget for 2019/20 comprised tax revenue of “the decline in FDI inflows bodes poorly for “continue to set aside funds for payment of TZS 19,101 billion and non tax revenue of future growth”. The report emphasised the verified arrears and [to] take various TZS 3,944 billion. This tax revenue budget importance for the Government “to urgently measures to reduce accumulation of represents an increase of 18% on the implement measures to foster greater private arrears”. However there was no explicit 2018/19 projected outturn of TZS 16,220 sector participation in the economy”. For the comment on steps to deal with pending VAT billion (a projected outturn which represents short term it highlighted the need to improve refunds. The speech did include that TRA 90% of the 2018/19 budget of TZS 18,000 liquidity in the economy including (i) should not close businesses so as to enforce billion, and a 7% increase on the 2017/18 prioritisation of the payment of verified payment of tax and tax arrears without a actual outturn of TZS 15,191 billion). A domestic arrears to private sector contractors written permission of the Commissioner significant focus in order to achieve the and suppliers, (ii) speeding up the release of General of the TRA. revenue targets are various tax VAT refunds to improve liquidity in the administration strategies highlighted in the Reference was made to the meeting held on economy, and (iii) ensuring tax collection speech. 7 June 2019 between the President and the efforts do not unfairly burden business community, and as an immediate businesses. For the medium term the World step the Budget speech included a number of Bank emphasised the need to continue initial measures to rationalise regulatory fees reforms to address structural constraints on and levies. The Minister gave the following private investment, and to reduce the high assurance “I wish to assure the business cost of regulatory compliance through full community, investors and citizens at large Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 4
Direct taxes Income tax – Companies Income tax – individuals Income tax – Exemptions Reduced Corporate Income Tax TZS 100m minimum annual Exemption of withholding tax on (“CIT”) rate for new investors in turnover for filing financial fees related to loans financing production of sanitary pads statements with the TRA Government projects Reduction of CIT rate to 25% (from 30%) for The turnover threshold for a taxpayer to be required to file audited financial statements Exemption of withholding tax on all fees the two years from 2019/20 to 2020/21 to (such as commitment fees) on loans secured encourage new investors to manufacture with the TRA is increased to TZS 100m (from TZS 20m). by the Government from non-resident banks sanitary pads, increase Government revenue, and financial institutions. reduce foreign exchange used on importation The objective of the measure is to reduce of the sanitary pads and create local compliance costs but also with the The intention is to enable the Government to employment opportunities. expectation that it will result in voluntary secure loans at lower cost and in a timely In practice, the benefit of this relief is unclear compliance and widen the tax base. manner which will facilitate the as the expectation is that in the initial years implementation of Government projects. Application of presumptive tax there would be a tax loss due to recovery of the investment costs by way of tax regime for taxpayers with annual A similar exemption was introduced last year depreciation. Ideally, the reduced rate should turnover up to TZS 100m for interest costs incurred by the Government apply from the time that an investor starts to be exempted from the 10% withholding tax Presumptive tax rates will now apply to making taxable profit. which applies on payment of interest. individuals with annual turnover up to TZS 100m (previously presumptive tax only applied to individuals with annual turnover between TZS 4m to TZS 20m). In addition, the presumptive tax rates have been reduced – see Appendix 1. Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 5
Other administrative matters Tax Amnesty – deadline Transfer pricing – Building Other proposed measures to extended to December 2019 capacity improve collection of The Minister announced an extension of six One of the administrative strategies to be Government revenue months to 31 December 2019 to comply with implemented to increase domestic revenue is • Integration of domestic revenue collection existing amnesty applications. to strengthen capacity for monitoring and systems through Electronic Fiscal Device controlling transfer pricing by international Management System to curb issuance of In our view, this is due to the fact that a companies. fake receipts, revenue leakages in number of taxpayers are still waiting to hear from the TRA on their amnesty application This is the first time that transfer pricing is processing of tax refunds. and therefore the extension of the amnesty explicitly mentioned in a budget speech and • Introduction of a system to regulate window will enable the process for these shows the level of importance placed by the gaming activities. taxpayers to continue. Government on this issue. This measure is likely to result in increased transfer pricing • Enhance utilisation of electronic system in Proposal to establish an audits by the TRA in the future. collection of tax and non-tax revenues. ‘Office of Tax Ombudsman’ • Establishment of a dedicated desk by the Amendment to The Road coordinated under the TRA to receive complaints and disputes Traffic Act, CAP 168 by taxpayers that will be dealt with in Ministry of Finance and twenty four hours. This includes Increase in validity period for a driver license Planning to five years (from three years). complaints against tax assessments and unrealistic valuation on imported goods. There is a proposal to establish an Increase in driver license fees to TZS 70,000 independent office that will deal with (from TZS 40,000). • A relief period of six months from the date complaints against TRA officials regarding of receipt of a Taxpayer Identification tax administration including corruption, Increase in registration fees (currently TZS Number (TIN) to pay the relevant taxes. arbitrary assessments and unlawful closure 10,000) to: of businesses. • Motor vehicle – TZS 50,000 • Motorcycle – TZS 30,000 This measure is expected to enhance tax • Tricycle – TZS 20,000 administration and result in a friendly business environment for the taxpayers. Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 6
Indirect taxes Petroleum Taxes – no change A new exemption is introduced for aircraft • Grain Drying Equipment of HS Code lubricants imported by a domestic airline 8419.31.00. This exemption is expected to Excise duty, fuel levy, road toll and petroleum operator, the National Air Force or airline levy remain unchanged. reduce costs incurred in grain drying for companies recognised in Bilateral Air services Agreement. storage purpose. In addition this measure Excise Duty will stimulate production of grain crops. There are no adjustments for inflation on non- Value Added Tax (VAT) petroleum excisable products including Exemptions – Airline Sector alcohol, soft drinks and tobacco (whether Input VAT – agricultural exports In addition to the existing exemptions on imported or locally produced). The reason In order to facilitate export of agricultural and importation of aircraft, aircraft engine or parts, given for no adjustment is the low inflation horticultural produce and enhance the new exemptions are proposed for: rate (3.5%). competitiveness of these raw products in the international markets, the VAT Act has been • Aircraft lubricants imported by domestic To promote local manufacturing, the following amended to remove the restriction on operators of air transportation; and minor changes are proposed: claiming of input VAT on export of raw agricultural products. This restriction was • Imported airline tickets, flyers, calendars, • Reduction in excise duty on wine introduced in 2017 and was to become diaries, labels and employees uniforms produced using domestic fruits (such as operational from July 2019. The reversal has with the names of the Airline operator. banana, cashew, rozera, tomatoes, etc.) therefore occurred before it became These items will be exempted if they are to TZS 61/litre (from the current TZS operational. imported by airlines recognized under 200/litre). Bilateral Air Service Agreements. Exemptions - agriculture • Introduction of excise duty on artificial hair VAT exemption as follows: (10% if made locally; 25% if imported). Imported refrigeration boxes of HS Code • New 10% excise duty on imported pipes 8418.69.90. The measure is intended to and plastic materials (such as tubes, pipes reduce production costs and promote modern and hoses and fittings). horticultural farming in the country; and Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 7
Indirect taxes Apart from other benefits, Tanzania will now Our observation the suppliers could not claim input tax be able to sign Bilateral Air Service incurred on locally manufactured Agreements which could not be signed in the Although exempting the airline sector products sanitary pads, and this cost was absence of such exemptions. will result in cost saving for the air transport subsequently passed to final sector, it will make local suppliers of the same consumers by embedding the same in Removal of exemption on sanitary products less competitive. the price of the sanitary pads. It pads therefore also affected the competitive As regards sanitary pads the intention of the of local manufacturers when The previous budget introduced a VAT previous budget was probably not met because competing with imports (with no exemption on supply of Sanitary Pads under embedded VAT cost). HS Code 9619.00.00. The aim was to ensure that this product is available and affordable to women and girls, particularly school girls and those in the village. However, this year the proposal is to abolish this exemption because the measure could not facilitate availability of this essential product to the intended beneficiaries at reasonable price but instead the benefits have gone to the traders. Zero rating: electricity supplies to Zanzibar The supply of electricity to Zanzibar is to be zero rated. Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 8
Indirect taxes Customs Duty Other taxes and levies The pre-Budget Consultation of the Ministers Removal of various fees and levies • Reducing and/or abolishing various fees of Finance from the EAC Partner States that - Implementation of the Blueprint and levies; and, was held on 3rd May, 2019 proposed to effect for Regulatory Reform changes in the common External Tariffs • Eliminate the existing duplication of roles As a move to start and continue with the among the Government regulatory (CET) rates and the East African Community implementation of the Blueprint for authorities. Example food and cosmetics Customs Management Act (EAC-CMA), 2004 Regulatory Reforms 2017 “the Blueprint”, the will be managed by TBS (previously under for year 2019/20. The proposed changes are Government is proposing amendments to TFDA) aimed at “Transforming Lives through various fees and levies in order to improve industrialization and Job Creation for shared the business and investment environment See details in Appendix 3. and encourage compliance. This includes: Property among the people of the East African Community.”. The Ministers have proposed to effect new changes in the Common External Tariff (CET) for year 2019/20 and also agreed to continue with implementation of some measures that were effected during the financial year 2018/19. The changes, together with the number of changes specific to Tanzania are summarised in Appendix 2. Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 9
The Economy Real GDP - Tanzania Inflation – Tanzania Interest Rates – Tanzania In 2018, the rate of inflation continued to During 2018, overnight interbank cash rate The National Bureau of Statistics (“NBS”) remain at a single digit level averaging 3.5% declined to an average of 3.18% compared rebased the GDP statistics by changing compared to 5.3% in 2017. The decrease is to 3.67% in 2017. The overall Treasury bills the base year from 2007 to 2015. This largely attributed to improved food supply, rate increased to an average of 8.07% in revision resulted in changes to the size of increased food production to 15.9 million 2018 from 7.75% in 2017. In addition, GDP, GDP overall growth levels, sectoral tons (compared to domestic demand of 13.3 interest rates charged on loans by growth and the contribution of various million tons) and implementation of prudent commercial banks decreased to an average sectors to GDP as well as various monetary and fiscal policies. of 17.15% from 17.93% in 2017. This trend indicators of GDP. of average lending rate declining was driven According to the NBS, the economy of The inflation rate in April 2019 was recorded by banks to assist borrowers who had failed Tanzania has continued to register high at 3.2% compared to 3.8% recorded during to repay loans on time. The Central Bank growth levels with real GDP growth rate in the same period last year. also took various measures to ensure that 2018 of 7.0% compared to 6.8% in 2017 lending rates are kept low and consistent (rebased from 7.1%). The growth was with the prevailing economic situation. driven by increased investment especially In order to reduce non-performing loans, the in infrastructure, a stable supply of Central Bank ensured that banks and electricity, improvement in transport financial institutions get accurate information services and favourable weather of the loan applicants by enforcing conditions that resulted in an increased requirements to use the credit reference harvest of food and other crops. system during the loan approval processes. Economic activities with the highest contribution to GDP including agriculture During 2018, the Government took various (28.2%) and construction (13.0%), both of measure aiming at increasing the level of which had robust growth with agriculture liquidity in the economy in order to enable growing 5.3% and construction 12.9%. banks and financial institutions to stimulate growth of economic activities. These measures include: Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 10
The Economy • Provision of short-term loans to banks; Regional Economic External Trade • Purchase of foreign currency from Performance During the period ended April 2019, the commercial banks and government balance of payments recorded a deficit of institutions; Real GDP – EAC USD 1,089.2 million compared to a surplus • Reducing the bank discount rate from Nations within the East African Community of USD 299.2 million during the same period 9.0% to 7.0% in August 2018; and (EAC) recorded an increase in economic in 2018. growth with Rwanda recording the highest • Payment of arrears to contractors, growth of 8.6%, followed by Tanzania, which Export service providers and civil servants by recorded growth of 7.0%. Kenya recorded The value of goods and services exported making payments of TZS 598.4 billion economic growth of 6.3% and Uganda between July 2018 and April 2019 reached of verified arrears between July 2018 6.1%. USD 7,210.6 million down from USD 7,291.9 and May 2019. million recorded during the same period in Due to these measures, banks and Inflation – EAC 2017/18. financial institutions liquidity improved and Inflation rates in EAC member countries money market interest rates decreased. have generally remained at single digit levels Import during 2018 to 2.9% from 7.9% in 2017. The The value of goods and services imported average inflation rate for Uganda was 2.6%, between July 2018 and April 2019 reached Burundi was 2.3%, Tanzania was 3.5%, USD 9,024.9 million compared to USD Rwanda was 1.4%, and Kenya was 4.6%. 8,464.6 million recorded during the same This outcome was attributed to strong food period in 2017/18 equivalent to an increase supply within the EAC. of 6.6%. This was mainly due to an increase in the importation of construction materials for railway, airports, ports and roads projects undertaken by the government. Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 11
The Economy Trend of Imports by Major Categories (in Millions of USD) Service Receipts Year ending April . 2017 2018 2019 2526.9 2098.2 2231.5 1105.4 1190.5 1225.6 434.5 401.6 332.8 Travel (Tourism) Transport Other Services Service Payments Trend of Imports by Major Categories (in Millions of USD) Year ending April 2017 2018 2019 891.4 903.7 839.2 852.2 822.1 673.4 485.4 505.4 336.3 Travel (Tourism) Transport Other Services Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 12
Past performance 2018/2019 Revenue/Collections • Loans from domestic sources, including from Development Partners which were rollover of matured Treasury bills and directly disbursed to projects. Total resources mobilised during the ten bonds, amounted to TZS 3.3 trillion, month period from July 2018 to April 2019 Some of the strategic areas accorded priority equivalent to 57.4 percent of the target; amounted to TZS 21.16 trillion equivalent in the release of development funds during and to 65% of the annual target of 32.48 the period under review include: trillion. These were mobilised from the • External non-concessional loans Area Strategic Areas TZS following sources: amounted to TZS 692.3 billion. ' bn • Tax Revenue amounted to TZS 12.9 Expenditure Energy Construction of Hydroelectric Power 723 trillion, which is equivalent to 87.4 Project at Rufiji percent of the target; Development Expenditure River • Non-tax revenue amounted to TZS During the period ended April 2019, the Education Fee free basic education and 616 2.04 trillion, which is equivalent to 122 Government had released TZS 22.19 trillion to Ministries, Departments, Regional higher education percent of the target. Non-tax revenue students’ loans surpassed the target due to Secretariats and Local Government Energy Rural electrification 269 improvement in the use of technology Authorities equivalent to 68.32% of the project-phase III in collection of the non-tax revenue in annual target of TZS 32.48 trillion. Out of under the Rural the Government Agencies through this, TZS 16.75 trillion was for recurrent Electrification Government Electronic Payment expenditure (equivalent to 81.83% of the Agency (REA) Gateway (GePG); annual target of TZS 20.47 trillion) while TZS Transportation Procurement and 238 5.44 trillion was for development expenditure operation of new • LGAs own source amounted to TZS (equivalent to 45.3% of the annual target of aircrafts 529.25 billion, equivalent to 72 percent TZS 12.01 trillion). The amount released for of the target; Transportation Ongoing 27 development projects includes TZS 4.89 manufacturing of • Grants and concessional loans from trillion local funds and TZS 547.38 billion new ships for the Development Partners amounted to foreign funds. However, the amount of great lakes regions TZS 1.70 trillion, equivalent to 86 foreign funds do not include some funds percent of the target; Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 13
The 2019/2020 Budget Objectives and Targets Macroeconomic policy • Agriculture: implementation of • Improvement of enabling business Agricultural Sector Development environment and investment climate: Based on macroeconomic objectives and Programme II; strengthening agricultural construction and rehabilitation of various targets, the priority for 2019/20 will be: (i) crop boards; enabling availability of infrastructures for improving business industries to foster economic growth and agricultural inputs, extension services, environment and attracting private sector industrialisation with emphasis on storage facilities and markets for strategic investment establishment of industries that will utilise crops; construction and rehabilitation of local raw materials; (ii) economic growth irrigation schemes; and strengthening • Monitoring and Evaluation: strengthen monitoring and evaluation of the and human development; (iii) research on quality sees and crops’ implementation of development projects improvement of an enabling environment diseases at all levels; strengthen administration of for business and investment; (iv) strengthening implementation • Livestock and fisheries: strengthening tax and non-tax revenue farms for producing quality heifers and effectiveness of the National Five Year centres for animal breeding; revamping Development Plan 2016/17 – 2020/21. Tanzania Fisheries Cooperation; To achieve the objectives, the following construction of a fishing port; projects will be implemented: procurement of large fishing vessel • Industries: developing industrial parks • Economic growth and human including TAMCO in Kibaha; Leather development: fee-free basic education; Industrial Park in Dodoma; Special improved education infrastructure; Economic Zone in Bunda and improved health facilities and supplies; Dodoma; strengthening the research improved availability of water in rural and centres of CAMARTEC, TIRDO, urban areas TEMDO and SIDO Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 14
The 2019/2020 Budget Objectives and Targets • Enhance administration of tax exemptions Revenue policies for by ensuring that they are directed to the Expenditure policies for 2019/20 intended projects; 2019/20 The Government is committed to • Ensure that non-tax revenues are In 2019/20, the Government will continue to increasing and strengthening domestic collected through Government Electronic allocate funds in priority areas to ensure revenue collections by pursuing the Payment Gateway System (GePG) in effective implementation of the 2019/2020 following policies: order to improve efficiency in domestic Annual Development Plan. The Government revenue collection; and will sustain financial discipline in order to • Increase efficiency in administration and collection of domestic revenue • Strengthen monitoring systems in the realise the value for money. In implementing Government institutions in order to this initiative, the Government will carry out through implementation of Integrated ensure that contributions from public the following: Domestic Revenue Administrative System (IDRAS); institutions are timely remitted to the Ensure that the budget deficit does not Government Coffers. exceed 2.3% of GDP; • Widen the tax base through identification and registration of new Strengthen Cooperation with Allocated funds to priority areas and tax payers as well as continue with the Development Partners productivity in order to stimulate economic exercise of informal sector growth in industries and agriculture, formalisation; Grants and concessional loans have economic growth and human development, declined from an average of 26.3% in improvement of enabling business • Invest in areas that have potential of 2010/11to 8.3% in 2017/2018. environment and investment climate, and generating more revenues particularly monitoring and evaluation; in deep sea fishing through The Government will continue to engage construction of fishing port and Development Partners through various Ensured discipline in the use of public funds procurement of fishing ships; dialogues to ensure that the principles as and continue to reduce unnecessary outlined in the Framework for Development expenditure; and • Strengthen capacity for monitoring and Cooperation endorsed by the government in controlling of transfer pricing; Verify, clear and control further accumulation 2017 are complied with by all parties to of arrears. improve sustainable development and disbursements of loans and grants. Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 15
Summary of Targeted Revenue Collection for 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 2019/2020 2018/2019 2019/20 12 month 12 month v Budget Budget 2018/19 TZS' bn TZS' bn Increase Domestic Revenue: Tax Revenue - TRA 19,101 18,000 6.1% Non Tax Revenue 3,179 2,158 47.3% 22,280 20,158 10.5% Local Government Authorities (LGA) own source 765 736 3.9% Domestic Revenue + LGA 23,045 20,894 10.3% Program loans and grants 273 546 -50.0% Project loans and grants 2,311 2,005 15.3% Basket support loans 35 34 2.9% Basket support grants 165 92 79.3% Non Bank borrowing /roll over 3,460 4,600 -24.8% Bank borrowing ( Financing) 1,500 1,194 25.6% Non-concessional borrowings 2,316 3,111 -25.6% Total revenue 33,105 32,476 1.9% Expenditure Recurrent 20,857 20,469 1.9% Development 12,249 12,007 2.0% Total 33,106 32,476 1.9% Recurrent expenditure National Debt Service* 9,721 10,005 -2.8% Wages and Salaries 7,559 7,410 2.0% Other Charges 3,577 3,054 17.1% 20,857 20,469 1.9% Development expenditure Domestic Financing 9,738 9,876 -1.4% Foreign Financing 2,511 2,131 17.8% 12,249 12,007 2.0% *National Debt Service includes: domestic interest TZS 1,439 bn, domestic amortisation (rollover) TZS 3,460 bn, external interest and amortisation TZS 2,963 bn, Government contribution to pension funds TZS 1,256 bn, other expenditure under CFS TZS 603 bn Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 16
Financial Services Sector The financial sector in Tanzania has seen In August 2018, the central bank took over Non-performing loans some turbulence over the past few months the administration of Bank M Tanzania due to with the Bank of Tanzania (BoT) revoking the liquidity issues. In the early half of 2019, the The Non-Performing Loans (NPLs) of most licenses of some banks during the first half of BoT authorised the merger between Azania banks in the country have been cited as 2018 due to inadequate capital requirements Bank and Bank M. among the major reasons that contribute to and taking control of some banks due to declining profit margin. The rise in NPL ratios In March 2019, Exim Bank Tanzania is driven by a combination of economic liquidity and under capitalization. The BoT announced that it was planning to acquire developments and poor credit risk revoked the licences of Covenant Bank, UBL Bank through a joint statement issued by management. Efatha Bank, Njombe, Community Bank, the two banks. One month later, Equity Group Kagera Farmers’ Cooperative Bank, Mbinga announced that it has entered into an Early in 2018, the BoT took measures to Community, Bank and Meru Community agreement with Atlas Mara, a pan Africa reduce the burden of unpaid loans. BoT Bank. focus banking group to acquire banking issued a circular entitled Measures to Mergers and acquisition operations in four African countries including Increase Credit to the Private Sector and Tanzania. Atlas Mara is the majority Contain Non-Performing Loans, in which, The banking sector in Tanzania has also shareholder of BancABC Tanzania. among other things, it waved some witnessed a number of mergers and provisions of Banking and Financial acquisitions over the recent months involving CBA and NIC Bank Tanzania are also Institutions Regulations 2014 for two years up both local and foreign banks. In August, the expected to undergo consolidation following to December 2020 to enable banks to collect central bank ordered three state-owned the banks’ groups in Kenya approved the unpaid loans. Some of the other measures banks namely TPB Bank, Twiga Bancorp and merger deal in their respective annual instituted by the BoT include directing banks TWB Bank to merge. The BoT also issued general meetings in April 2019. During the to improve loan granting process, requiring banking license to China Dasheng Bank in same month, Hakika Microfinance Bank banks with high non-performing loans to November 2018, which was previously issued announced the intent to acquire Mwanga submit strategies to contain non-performing with provisional license in November 2017. Community Bank based in Kilimanjaro region. loans as well as enforcing the requirement to Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 17
Financial Services Sector use credit reference system by submitting total assets reaching TZS 30,215.9 billion at In terms of growth rates, credit to agriculture, credit information to the system and using the end of December 2018, from TZS mining and quarrying, manufacturing and that information to scrutinize credit 29,804.9 billion recorded at the end of personal activities grew faster as in February applicants. December 2017. 2019. Noteworthy, credit extended by banks to transport and communication activities Interest rates cut As per the BoT monthly recorded positive growth in March 2019 after economic review for April 2019, a sustained contraction since October 2018. BoT also took other measures to boost sectoral composition of stock of liquidity by cutting the discount rate three credit extended by banks to the times in 18 months, from 16 per cent to 12 private sector remained almost per cent in March 2017 and again to 9 per the same as in the previous cent in August 2017 and further to 7 per cent month and corresponding in August 2018. month of 2018. Personal loans, often used to finance small and Industry performance medium-size businesses, and The Tanzania banking sector remains highly credit to trade activities concentrated with two former state banks accounted for the largest share CRDB and NMB, holding around 35% of total of the outstanding credit, banking assets and a combined 40% of the holding 28.6 percent and 18.2 deposits. The top 5 largest banks have over percent in March 2019, 50% of the total banking assets. According to respectively. the BoT mid-year review – 2018/2019, the banking sector remains sound, stable and profitable; with levels of capital and liquidity above regulatory requirements. The sector Composition of Banks’ Outstanding Credit by Major continued to maintain steady growth, with Economic Activities Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 18
Financial Services Sector The BoT monthly economic review for April 2019 mentioned that the level of credit extended by banks to the private sector grew significantly by 9.6 percent in the year ending March 2019 compared with 1.2 percent in the corresponding period of 2018. The outturn was because of sustained accommodative monetary policy stance and measures taken by banks to reduce the amount of non- performing loans, including mandatory use of credit reference system before loan approval. Credit to the Private Sector by Banks Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 19
Financial Services Sector Foreign exchange bureaux reforms Early this year, the BoT initiated the process to revoke licenses of bureau de change in Dar es Salaam which were understood to be operating without observing laws, regulations and procedures guiding foreign exchange businesses. As a result of this operation, banks and financial institutions have been urged to continue playing an active role in providing foreign exchange services to the public. Following this operation, the BoT revised the rules for operating retail foreign exchange bureaux in the country. Insurance sector In an effort to increase coverage and stimulate growth in the Insurance sector, the Tanzania National Insurance Regulatory Authority (TIRA) announced early this year that the sector is expected to undergo some major reforms in 2019. This is being planned banks to provide insurance services. Currently banks act merely as insurance agents. In when the sector experienced a 7.7% growth addition measures are expected to be taken to establish an appropriate legal and regulatory during the first nine months of 2018. Such framework for Islamic insurance practices as demand for Islamic insurance products is reforms will include policy reforms to allow considerably high. Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 20
Consumer Industrial Products and Services Sector Telecommunication Growth in information and communication Voice Telecom Subscription The mobile sector remains concerned with remained buoyant at 9.1% in 2018. the high level of taxation on the sector as Operator 2017 2018 % change Technological disruption (by way of third- illustrated in the summary schedule below : Airtel 10,855,955 10,954,621 1% party instant call services or over-the-top Smart 131,501 132,292 1% (OTT) platforms such as WhatsApp, Skype, 2017/18 to date Halotel 3,799,691 3,941,237 4% Viber and Facebook Messenger) have Tigo 11,062,852 12,583,640 14% TZS TZS continued to cause a drastic decline in voice TTCL 429,735 711,411 66% Gross charge before tax 100.0 revenue but this has been countered by Vodacom 12,866,059 14,143,657 10% 17.0% 17.0 17.0 Excise Duty strong growth in mobile money and data Zantel 935,161 1,153,641 23% revenue. As an example, the preliminary 117.0 Total 40,080,954 43,620,499 9% results publicly issued by Vodacom PLC for VAT 18.0% 21.1 21.1 the year ended 31 March 2019 show a Mobile money subscriptions 138.1 38.1 decrease in mobile voice revenue by 1.1% 2017 2018 % change Local tax - service levy 0.3% 0.3 year on year but growth in M-Pesa and data Airtel Money 5,875,149 4,848,545 -17% TCRA;UCAF revenue by 14.5% and 17.9%. Tigo Pesa 6,863,349 7,586,240 11% (0.8%;0.3% up to June M-Pesa 8,085,684 9,014,088 11% 2017 and 1.1%;0.9% Statistics from the Telecommunications Ezy Pesa 280,825 546,353 95% 2.0% 2.0 afterwards) Regulatory Authority (“TCRA”) show the Halotel Money 781,476 1,342,206 72% following share of voice subscriptions and TTCL 3,135 30,394 870% Total tax and levies 40.4 mobile money subscriptions as at December Total 21,889,618 23,367,826 7% on gross income 2017 and December 2018: This budget saw no change to these rates. Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 21
Consumer Industrial Products and Services Sector Manufacturing During 2018/19, the Government continued Effective 1 June, the Government has materials and other factor inputs needed for with implementation of the industrialisation banned the use of plastic bags in the country the bags. agenda whereby, 3,530 new industries have in order to preserve the environment. The Manufacturing features strongly under the list been established in various regions. The time lapse between the announcement of the of priority projects and activities of r2019/20 established industries include manufacturing ban and the effective date was only 2 to be implemented as a continuation of the industries for construction (cement, tiles, and months. This is a short period of time to National Five Year Development Plan steel bars) and agriculture, in particular, ensure that the demands of the country in 2016/17 - 2020/21. Specific projects to foster processing fruits, oil and skin. replacing plastic bags has been met without industrialisation include the development of disruption in the supply of the bags. On the A number of manufacturers have been industrial parksm and the encouragement of positive side this will create opportunities for affected by the roll out of the new electronic value addition in crop production and agro- companies manufacturing specific bags that tax stamp (ETS) system to replace the processing. are not plastic and those who will supply previous paper tax stamp process. While the objective is a good one, namely to help create transparency in assessing taxes on these businesses, a number of manufacturers are unhappy that the additional cost of the system is borne by the taxpayer rather than only the Government. Another concern for the manufacturing sector remains the delays in payment of VAT (for exporters) and excise duty refunds. Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 22
Consumer Industrial Products and Services Sector Tourism Tanzania is targeting India and China to Tanzania has not been a major player in to attract conferences and business bolster tourism and drive growth in guest MICE (meetings, incentives, conventions and meetings. nights. The country is stepping up its exhibitions) tourism but is looking to improve According to a forthcoming PwC Hotels marketing and promotional activities in India its offerings. The Ministry of Tourism is Outlook: 2019 to 2023 report, 2018 saw a and China to attract more tourists from those establishing a national convention bureau rebound in guest nights which returned to countries. that will supervise the expansion of facilities their 2015-16 level. (Guest nights had declined in 2017, with demand adversely impacted by the introduction of the 18% VAT on tourism services introduced in 2016 and the fixed rate concession fee introduced in 2017.). There was also a benefit from an increase in available rooms with the opening of new hotels (for example, City Lodge and Zuri Zanzibar and the full-year impact of a new Melia hotel that opened in late 2017). Looking forward a number of planned openings in the coming years, are expected to add around a 1,000 rooms cumulatively over the next 5 years. We expect the tourist initiatives and an emerging MICE market, along with a strong global economy, to lead to further growth in guest nights, which we project will rise at a 3.5% compound annual rate. Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 23
Consumer Industrial Products and Services Sector Agriculture The agriculture sector grew by 5.3% in 2018 compared to 4.8% in 2016. This growth has contributed to increased food security, decline in food inflation to 2.7 percent in April 2019 compared to 7.3 percent in April 2016 and an increase in receipts from export of traditional goods from USD 793.4 million in 2015 to USD 1,020.7 million in 2017, equivalent to an increase of 28.6 percent. For exporters of agricultural products a continuing concern is the delay in processing of VAT refunds - in particular, for some companies VAT refunds have not been processed for over 3 years. Falling world commodity prices for certain items (e.g. cloves and coffee) also cause concern. Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 24
Government and Public Sector - Infrastructure Rufiji Hydroelectric Project Tanga port in Tanzania. With an estimated cost of USD 3.5bn, the EACOP will be the In December 2018, Tanzania signed the longest electrically-heated pipeline in the agreement to build the Stiegler’s Gorge Continent. It is expected that residents from Hydroelectric Power Station, on the Rufiji 226 villages in Tanzania are set to benefit River. The project is estimated to cost $2.9bn from the EACOP project. The start of the and will be entirely financed by the construction of the pipeline awaits finalisation Government of Tanzania. The hydropower of prolonged negotiations including in relation plant is expected to be finalized in 42 months to provisions of the host government and should have the capacity to produce agreement, shareholder agreements and Since coming into office in 2015, the fifth- 2,115 MW by 2022, dramatically increasing transportation tariffs. phase Government has prioritised initiatives the country’s current power production to clampdown on corruption, improve public capacity of 1,560 MW. It will also include a Standard Gauge Railway administration and manage public resources 400 KV substation and a transmission line (SGR) for improved social outcomes. In seeking to integrated into the national electricity grid. drive Tanzania towards a modern economy, SGR is the new railway project that will in line with Tanzania’s Vision 2025 (of being a The East Africa Crude Oil eventually connect Dar es Salaam to Kigali semi-industrialized middle-income country by Pipeline along 1,090 miles of track. The Government 2025), a key focus has been to focus on expects the first phase, costing USD 1.9bn implementation of various infrastructure The Governments of the Republic of Uganda and covering 186 miles between Dar es projects at an accelerated pace so as to and the United Republic of Tanzania signed Salaam and Morogoro, to be completed by support the growth that this Vision the Inter-Governmental Agreement for the December 2019. In his budget presentation contemplates. East Africa Crude Oil Pipeline (EACOP) for FY2019/2020, the Minister for Works, Project in May 2017. The EACOP is a 1,445 Transport and Communication, requested for Notable infrastructure projects that the km crude oil export pipeline that will transport TZS 2.5 trillion out of the total development Government of Tanzania is implementing Uganda’s crude oil from Kabaale – Hoima in budget of TZS 4.8 trillion (52%) to be set include the following: Uganda to the Chongoleani peninsula near aside for the construction of the SGR. Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 25
Government and Public Sector - Infrastructure New Airports and Revival of new planes including a Boeing 787 Dreamliner. Long haul international flights Air Tanzania were planned to commence from earlier this The Government has continued with the year, but the expectation now is that these construction and rehabilitation of several will first start from July this year. airports in the country including the following: New Selander Bridge in Dar • Dar es Salaam: Construction of the es Salaam new Terminal III at Julius Nyerere International Airport, now 90% When completed, the New Selander Bridge complete; will be 6.2 kilometres long and 20.5 m wide and will have four ways for cars and two • Mwanza: Completion of the 500 pedestrian routes. The bridge is estimated to meters extension of the runway and cost TZS 256 billion and to be built in about The actualisation of this project will make expansion of the apron at Mwanza 30 months. The funding is provided by a Tanzania the third country in the region (after airport; and concessionary loan from the Republic of Ethiopia and Kenya) to have rolled out a • Dodoma: Design of the Msalato Korea through its Economic Development modern standard gauge network, The trains International Airport in Dodoma is at Cooperation Fund (EDCF). The bridge will to be used will be electric trains, and so the an advanced stage, and once link the areas surrounding Aga Khan Hospital availability of reliable power supply will be constructed it will be the fifth and Coco Beach in Masaki and aims to key. If all goes according to the plan, the international airport in the country. reduce traffic congestion. entire project is expected to be completed in The financing (USD 200 million) is five years’ time i.e. by 2023. from the African Development Bank. The Government has also revived the state- owned Air Tanzania Company Limited (ATCL) with the purchase of half a dozen Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 26
Government and Public Sector - Infrastructure Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) (total length of 20.3 km) which is expected to completion of: Dodoma – Babati (251.4 km); commence in July this year and be Sumbawanga - Kanazi (75.0 km), Kanazi - system of Dar Es Salaam completed in 36 months at an estimated of Kizi - Kibaoni (76.6 km); Sitalike – Mpanda (DART) cost $160m (to be financed by AfDB and (36.9 km); Kyaka - Bugene (59.1 km); and GoT), will include two flyovers of 24m width Uyovu - Bwanga (45 km). There is also The Dar es Salaam BRT is planned as an and 150m length each, 29 bus terminals, a significant progress on the following road extensive system of 137 km of corridors to be control centre and a garage. construction: Kidahwe - Kasulu - Kibondo – built in six sequential phases. Nyakanazi road (310 km); Tabora – Ipole – Dodoma – The Capital City koga – Mpanda road (373 km). In addition, In its quest to restore Dodoma as Tanzania’s Kilombero and Kavuu bridges as well as the Capital City, the Government is overhauling TAZARA flyover have been completed. The Dodoma’s entire infrastructure. Except for the construction of the 266 meter Ubungo President’s office, all other Government interchange, which was launched in March Ministries, Departments and Agencies have 2017 is 25% complete. It is expected to be shifted to Dodoma. The expectation is for fully completed by December 2020 with a International Development Agencies and total cost of TZS 200.73 billion. Embassies to shift headquarters to Dodoma Infrastructure-driven development will in the due course of time once the supporting certainly foster economic growth, infrastructure is complete. however to achieve sustainable results, they need to be well-planned, carefully Construction of the first phase (total length of Roads and Bridges implemented and make financial sense. In 21 km) was completed in December 2015 at a total cost of EUR134m, funded by the Infrastructure tandem with this, and because most of these mega projects are financed by the African Development Bank (AfDB), the World Significant investment continues in the Government, there is a need to constantly Bank and the Government of Tanzania construction of roads that connect regional monitor benchmarks related to the level of (GoT). Construction of the second phase headquarters and those that link Tanzania the resultant debt. and neighbouring countries. These include Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 27
Mining Sector Contribution to exports Production updates (based on 16.6% of AAL’s global 2018 Tanzania’s mining industry continues to be a publicly issued financial production). Acacia’s production was significantly down on 2017 and 2016 (when significant contributor to export earnings with accounts) production was 767,883 oz and 829,705 oz estimated mineral exports in 2018 of USD 1,549 million representing 40% of the USD The sector is dominated by the gold mining respectively), with the majority of production 3,893 million total goods exports. sector, and in particular subsidiaries of now coming from the North Mara mine AnglogoldAshanti Limited (“AAL”) and Acacia (336,055 oz). Although the Bulyanhulu mine Mining Plc (“Acacia”) whose 2018 production is currently on reduced operations, with only was 564,000 oz and 521,980 oz 40,485 oz produced in 2018, the provisional respectively. A smaller contributor to the mix outcome of an optimisation study of the mine was Shanta Gold’s New Luika Mine (81,872 indicates an estimated 18 year mine life with oz). Production from AAL’s flagship Geita annual production of between 300,000 oz to mine was 5% up on 2017 (and represents 350,000 oz. Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 28
Mining Sector NRGI study of average effective tax rate from a gold project with development costs of USD 420 million, per unit operating costs of $600 per ounce and a gold price of $1,300 per ounce [based on a 10 percent discount rate, assuming that the government continues to treat gold doré as a “raw mineral” and therefore not eligible for VAT] refunds: Fiscal and regulatory Table from Natural Resource Governance Institute (NRGI) environment Average Effective Tax Rate The delay and / or non-payment of VAT Tanzania 2017 74% refunds continues to pose significant challenges for existing operators. The sector Guinea 61% has raised concerns as to the impact of South Africa 59% recent regulatory and fiscal changes, most notably changes made in 2017. In a January Ghana 58% 2019 publication, the Natural Resources Governance Institute issued a preliminary Tanzania pre-2017 51% analysis of the current fiscal regime for Tanzania’s mining sector and concluded that: Chile 48% • The fiscal regime now places a Peru 45% significantly larger tax burden on projects Western Australia 45% than other comparator gold mining countries. Zambia 44% • The tax mix, with high royalties and limited Kyrgyz Republic 39% value added tax refunds, mean that this difference is even greater for less 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% profitable mines. The publication was issued shortly after a review the 2017 fiscal regime if recent increased taxes could be seen to be hindering rather than multi-stakeholder meeting between the helping efforts to collect more revenue from the sector. While the immediate focus was on President and the mining sector, where he artisanal and small-scale mining and tax evasion, ultimately the same concerns can impact had stated the government’s intention to large-scale investment. Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 29
Mining Sector Looking forward Grounds for optimism for further growth in the gold sector includes a 6 September 2018 announcement of a completion agreement between the Orecorp Group and Acacia which (subject to certain conditions) paves the way for Orecorp to move to 100% ownership of the Nyanzaga Gold Project with a view to its subsequent development. Aside from gold, and other existing minerals in production (for example diamonds), there are expectations that a number of projects for other minerals (including graphite, niobium, rare earths, helium) could move to development. Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 30
Contacts David Tarimo Rishit Shah Joseph Lyimo Mirumbe Mseti Partner Partner Partner Partner +255 (0) 22 219 2600 +255 (0) 22 219 2601 +255 (0) 22 219 2613 +255 (0) 22 219 2616 david.tarimo@pwc.com rishit.shah@pwc.com joseph.lyimo@pwc.com mirumbe.mseti@pwc.com Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 31
Appendix 1 Presumptive income tax rates Current rates Proposed rates Section 35 of the Section 35 of the TAA Section 35 of the Section 35 of the TAA TAA 2015 is not complied 2015 is complied with TAA 2015 is not 2015 is complied with with (Taxpayer maintains complied with (Taxpayer (Taxpayer does records) (Taxpayer does maintains records) not maintain records) not maintain records) Turnover (TZS) Tax liability (TZS) Tax liability (TZS) Turnover (TZS) Tax liability (TZS) Tax liability (TZS) < 4,000,000 NIL NIL < 4,000,000 NIL NIL 4,000,000 – 3% of amount in 4,000,000 – 3% of amount in excess 150,000 100,000 7,500,000 excess of 4m 7,000,000 of 4m 135,000 plus 3.8% of 7,500,000 – 7,000,000 – 90,000 plus 3% of 318,000 amount in excess of 250,000 11,500,000 11,000,000 amount in excess of 7m 7.5m 285,000 plus 4.5% of 11,500,000 – 11,000,000 – 230,000 plus 3% of 546,000 amount in excess of 450,000 16,000,000 14,000,000 amount in excess of 11m 11.5m 487,000 plus 5.3% of 16,000,000 – 14,000,000 – 450,000 plus 3.5% of 862,500 amount in excess of N/A 20,000,000 100,000,000 amount in excess of 14m 16m Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 32
Appendix 2 - Customs Duty Increase of customs duty rates 1. Stay of application of the EAC-CET rate of The measure is intended to protect 6. Stay of application of EAC-CET rate of 25% 25% and instead apply a duty rate of 35% domestic industries and employment or USD 200 per metric ton whichever is on roasted coffee for one year (HS Code as well as addressing the challenges higher on reinforcement bars and hollow 09.01) to protect domestic industries and of under-invoicing and under– profiles and apply a duty rate of 25% or increase Government revenue. valuation. USD 250 per metric ton whichever is higher for one year to protect local manufacturers of 2. Imposing an import duty of 10% or USD 4. Imposing an import duty of 10% or reinforcement bars in the region and 125 per metric ton on flat-rolled USD 250 per metric ton on flat-rolled enhancing competitiveness of domestically products of iron or non-alloy steel and products of iron or non-alloy steel, produced iron and steel products (HS codes flat-rolled products of other alloy steel whichever is higher for one year (HS 7213.10.00; 7213.20.00; 7213.99.00; of width of 600mm or more, whichever Code 7212.60.00). The objective is to 7214.10.00; 7214.20.00; 7214.30.00; is higher for one year. The referred protect domestic industries and 7214.90.00; 7214.99.00; 7215.10.00; products are those under HS Codes employment and also addressing the 7215.50.00; 7215.90.00; 7225.90.00; 7209.16.00; 7209.17.00; 7209.18.00; challenges of under-invoicing and 7225.92.00; 7225.99.00; 7306.30.00; 7209.26.00; 7209.27.00; 7209.28.00; under-valuation. 7306.50.00; 7306.61.00; 7306.69.00; and 7209.90.00; 7211.23.00; 7211.90.00; 5. Imposing an import duty of 25% or 7306.90.00). 7225.50.00 and 7226.92.00. This is to USD 250 per metric ton on flat-rolled protect domestic industries and address products whichever is higher for one the challenges of under-invoicing and year (HS codes 7210.41.00; undervaluation. 7210.49.00; 7210.61.00; 7210.69.00; 3. Imposing an import duty of 25% or USD 7210.70.00 and 7210.90.00) in order 200 per metric ton on flat-rolled to protect domestic producers of flat- products of iron or non-alloy steels rolled products in the EAC region. whichever is higher for one year (HS Code 7212.30.00; 7212.40.00; and 7212.50.00). Sustaining the Momentum: National Budget 2019/20 June 2019 PwC 33
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