Strategie, politiche e azioni della Commissione Europea per il suolo - Luca Montanarella European Commission, JRC.D.3
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Strategie, politiche e azioni della Commissione Europea per il suolo Luca Montanarella European Commission, JRC.D.3
Il suolo nel quadro legislativo Europeo
The European Green Deal
Mobilising research
and fostering innovation
Transforming the
Increasing the EU’s Climate
EU’s economy for a A zero pollution ambition
ambition for 2030 and 2050 sustainable future for a toxic-free environment
Supplying clean, affordable Preserving and restoring
and secure energy The ecosystems and biodiversity
European
Mobilising industry Green From ‘Farm to Fork’: a fair,
for a clean and circular economy Deal healthy and environmentally
friendly food system
Building and renovating in an Accelerating the shift to
energy and resource efficient way And leave
sustainable and smart mobility
No one behind
Leave no one behind
Financing the transition
(Just Transition)
The EU as a A European
global leader Climate Pact
The European Green Deal
• European ‘Climate Law’ enshrining the 2050 climate
Increasing the EU’s Climate
ambition for 2030 and 2050
neutrality objective in legislation by March 2020
• Comprehensive plan to increase the EU’s climate target for
2030 to at least 50% and towards 55% in a responsible way
by October 2020
• ReviewTheand revise where needed all relevant legislative
European
measures to deliver on this increased ambition by June
2021 Green
Deal
• Carbon border adjustment mechanism for selected sectors
by 2021.
• A new EU Strategy on Adaptation in 2020/2021
The EU as a A European
global leader Climate Pact
The global carbon balance
Soils contain:
• 2-3 time more
carbon than the
atmosphere
• and more than 3
time of carbon
than vegetation
Land Use and Coverage Area frame Survey
An harmonised approach to monitor SOC
LUCAS SOIL
• Systematic approach for 25,000 locations across the EU
• Harmonized sampling protocol
• Standard analytical procedures to measure parameters
• Single laboratory
• Data from 2009, 2015, 2018, 2021/2022...
• EU/Regional statistics, point-based applications
SOC at EU Scale: Baselines?
de Brogniez, D., Ballabio, C., Stevens, A., Jones, R. J. A., Montanarella, L.
and van Wesemael, B. (2015), A map of the topsoil organic carbon content
of Europe generated by a generalized additive model. Eur J Soil Sci, 66:
121–134. doi:10.1111/ejss.12193
JRC (D.3) is modelling the current soil organic carbon stock and changes
Current SOC stock in agricultural soils SOC changes 2015-1990
Smooth changes
Land use change
Lugato et al., 2014. GCB
LUCAS in modelling assessments N2O emissions from LUCAS points on EU agricultural soils • Nitrogen fertilizer management important element of carbon sequestration
Integrated research: Soil organic carbon loss due to erosion
Scenario analysis of mitigation potential
under agricultural management
(carbon sequestration by 2050)
1) Conversion from arable to grassland
(LUC_AR_GR);
2) Crop residue management (AR_RES);
3) Reduced tillage scenario (AR_RT)
4) Combined residue incorporation +
reduced tillage (AR_RET);
5) Ley in rotation (AR_LEY);
6) Cover crop (AR_CC);
Lugato et al., 2014. GCBThe European Green Deal
• EU Industrial Strategy by March 2020
The
• A new circular economy action plan by March
European
2020, including a sustainable products policy
Mobilising industry Green
• Clean Steel breakthrough technologies leading to
for a clean and circular economy Deal
a zero carbon steel making process by 2030.
• Legislation on Batteries and Circular Economy in
2020
• Propose legislative reforms tackling waste
The EU as a A European
global leader Climate PactLand footprinting
Il JRC ha sviluppato dei metodi per la valutazione degli impatti sulla qualita’ del suolo lungo tutta la
catena produttiva di beni e servizi, integrati nella metodologia di Life cycle assessment
Tra le 16 categorie di impatto dell “
environmental footprint”, il suolo e
la sua qualita’ rivestono un ruolo
fondamentale
Input di
risorse, tra
le quali il
suolo, per Emissioni al suolo
ogni fase del per ogni fase del
ciclo di vita ciclo di vita
di un (nutrienti, pesticide,
prodotto fertilizzanti, metalli
pesanti, sostanze
chimiche)
Impatti sul suolo :
• Acidificazione
• Eutrofizzazione dei suoli
• Riduzione di servizi ecosistemici
• Ecotossicita’The European Green Deal
• Zero pollution action plan for air, water and soil in 2021
• Address industrial pollution from large industrial
installations in 2021 A zero pollution ambition
for a toxic-free environment
• Chemicals strategy for sustainability in June 2020
The
European
Green
Deal
The EU as a A European
global leader Climate PactIl suolo e Zero Pollution
I suoli sani sono la chiave per la sicurezza alimentare e il nostro
futuro sostenibile.
L'inquinamento del suolo provoca una reazione a catena. Altera la
biodiversità dei suoli, riduce la materia organica del suolo, la
capacità dei suoli di agire da filtro, contamina l'acqua e provoca uno
squilibrio dei nutrienti del suolo.
Il JRC focalizza la sua attenzione sull’inquinamento del suolo da
metalli pesanti, da inquinanti organici persistenti e da inquinanti
emergenti, incluse le micro-plastiche.Monitoraggio dell’inquinamento diffuso
Indagine più completa sui residui di
Analisi dell'inquinamento da plastica nel suolo
pesticidi nel suolo per l'UEDistribution of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) in agricultural topsoils of the European Union
Contaminates & Remediated sites
Number of Identified & Reported
sites
Estimations based on
extrapolations in 39
countries
Panagos et al (2013)Density (identified PCS/1,000 capita)
PCS: Potentially Contaminated Site
Panagos et al (2013)The European Green Deal
• EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 in March
2020
• Follow up with concrete measures in 2021 to Preserving and restoring
address the main drivers of The
biodiversity loss ecosystems and biodiversity
European
• A new EU Forest Strategy in 2020
Green
• Measures to support deforestation-free value
chains from 2020 Deal
The EU as a A European
global leader Climate PactIl suolo nella Biodiversity Strategy 2030
I suoli ospitano almeno un quarto della biodiversità del mondo.
Questa biodiversità è alla base della produzione di alimenti nutrienti,
acqua potabile e il sequestro di carbonio.
Il suolo è un elemento specifico nella strategia.
La strategia tematica per il suolo sarà rivista.
Viene creato un sistema di monitoraggio del suolo su scala Europea
(Osservatorio Europeo del Suolo)The Soil Thematic Strategy (STS) COM(2006)231
Overall objective is the protection of soil
functions and sustainable use of soil,
based on the following guiding principles:
Prevention of soil degradation
Restoration of degraded soils Awareness
Research
raising
Sets out the four pillars of EU soil policy
To be implemented by Member States
Integration
2012 Report from the Commission on the Legislation in other
policies
implementation of the STS COM(2012)46EU SOIL OBSERVATORY (ESO)
Competences:
Target Future Available
EU land degradation deliverables • ESDAC as the primary soil knowledge
hub for the EU and global data
monitoring system and EU land degradation outlook • Coordination of EU-wide and global
support to 2030 land sampling surveys
Soil pollution indicators
degradation neutrality (pesticides, heavy metals, antibiotics, LUCAS Soil since 2009, Africa in 2020
targets plastics, contaminated sites, …) • Modelling and indicator development
indicators in relation to the soil
health aspects of the SDG & Missing
CAP, Biodiversity and Climate • Critical mass
Change Strategies • Expertise on: land degradation
neutrality, soil health, economics of land
degradation
FPI GROW AGRI ENV CLIMA ESTAT DEVCO SANTE
European Climate Law Farm to Fork strategy’s international dimensions
European Green Deal
• Biodiversity Strategy 2030 Stronger Europe in the World Protecting our European Way of Life
• Zero Pollution Strategy • Comprehensive Strategy on Africa • Cooperation towards Sustainable GrowthThe European Green Deal
The
• Farm to Fork Strategy in spring 2020
European reduce the
• Measures, including legislative, to significantly
Green
use of chemical pesticides, fertilizers and antibiotics From ‘Farm to Fork’: a fair,
Deal healthy and environmentally
• Examination of the draft national strategic plans, to
friendly food system
meet the ambitions of the European Green Deal and the
Farm to Fork Strategy in 2020/2021
The EU as a A European
global leader Climate PactIl suolo nell’agricoltura e sviluppo rurale
La tutela dell’ambiente, le azioni a contrasto dei cambiamenti
climatici e la tutela dei paesaggi e della biodiversità sono tre
dei nove obiettivi della prossima Politica Agricola Comunitaria.
Sette GAEC (Good agricultural and environmental conditions)
su dieci riguardano il suolo e hanno un impatto su erosione e
perdita di carbonio organico!
Gli indicatori di impatto relativi a erosione e carbonio verranno
monitorati attraverso l’Osservatorio Europeo del SuoloIl JRC e il support alle
Politiche per il Suolo
Monitoraggio delle caratteristiche del
suolo: LUCAS-Soil
Il programma di Monitoraggio LUCAS
copre tutti gli stati membri europei.
• Il 7 % dei punti di monitoraggio del suolo
sono in Italia
• 1333 sono stati monitorati, nel 2009; 1642
nel 2015; 2086 nel 2018LUCAS is… Expandable • Modular structure • New points • New properties • Monitoring
LUCAS is… Composite • Raw and fine data • More than 20 derived data sets • Peer-reviewed
Grazie per l’attenzione
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