Specification for Learning and Qualifications for Close Protection Operatives - January 2019 - Option B WITH Licence Integration - Snap Surveys
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Specification for Learning and
Qualifications for
Close Protection Operatives
January 2019 – Option B WITH Licence Integration
Security Industry Authority
www.sia.homeoffice.gov.ukForeword
The Security Industry Authority (SIA) recognises that it is essential for security personnel
to have undergone a structured programme of learning and education resulting in
recognised qualifications if they are to be effective and professional in their role.
Increasingly, industry stakeholders also recognise that the individuals who work to provide
a more secure leisure environment must have a broad range of skills and a clear
understanding of their role. As the scope, diversity and importance of their work
continues to grow, so the degree of professionalism expected from security personnel will
increase.
This document is intended to provide a clear specification on the approach that has been
agreed by the SIA and industry stakeholders in relation to the core learning and resulting
qualifications required by SIA licensing.
Page 2 of 23Section 1: Learning Programme Overview
Training leading to an SIA licence-linked qualification for close protection operatives must
include the following areas:
Session Topic
Session 1 Roles and Responsibilities of a Close Protection Operative
Session 2 Legislation of a Close Protection Operative
Session 3 Risk Management
Session 4 Personal and Professional Skills
Session 5 Surveillance Awareness
Session 6 Search Procedures
Session 7 Foot Drills
Session 8 Location Security
Session 9 Route Planning
Session 10 Reconnaissance
Session 11 Journey Management
Session 12 Prepare and Carry Out Close Protection Work
Session 13 Conflict Management
Session 14 Physical Skill in Close protection
Session 15 Terror Threat Awareness
Additional Sessions that allow licence integration
Session Topic
Additional Session 1 Protecting Vulnerable People
Additional Session 2 Licensing Laws
Additional Session 3 Dealing with Queues and Crowds
Page 3 of 23Section 2: Learning Programme Details
Session 1: Roles and Responsibilities of a Close Protection Operative
Aims:
To understand the roles and responsibilities of a close protection operative.
Objectives:
By the end of this session learners will be able to:
Explain the purpose of close protection
Explain the purpose of close protection training and licensing
Explain the different roles and responsibilities within a close protection team
Explain the required standards, behaviours and ethics that apply to a close
protection operative in accordance with Appendix A.
Identify who is likely to require close protection service
State a range of tasks that a close protection operative may undertake for their
principal
Know the tasks a close protection operative may undertake whilst working alone
Explain a range of client types
Explain the difference between a client and a principal within the role of close
protection
Understand the importance of communication between the principal and the close
protection operative
Explain the range of equipment available to the close protection operative
State why continuous professional development (CPD) is necessary for a close
protection operative
Explain the role and responsibilities of protection team members when responding
to a threat to your principal
Know what actions you are authorised to take to deal with incidents that could
compromise the safety and security of your principals, yourself and colleagues
Page 4 of 23Session 2: Legislation of a Close Protection Operative
Aim:
To understand current law and legislation within a close protection context.
Objectives:
By the end of the session learners will be able to understand and explain the parts of civil,
criminal and common law that have an impact on the role of a close protection operative,
including, but not limited to:
Data Protection Act 2018 and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) –
Control and access of confidential information
Corporate Manslaughter and Homicide Act 2007 Criminal Law Act 1996Equality
Act 2010 Freedom of Information Act 2018
Health and Safety at Work Act 1974
Human Rights Act 1998
Misuse of Drugs Act 1971Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000Road
Traffic Act 2018
Trespass Act 1980
Offences against the Person Act 1998
Criminal Damage Act 1971
Current relevant legislation, regulations, codes of practice and guidelines relating
to using physical intervention within close protection
Dealing with:
Breach of the Peace
Citizen’s Arrest
Use of Force
Defending Self, Others and Property
Harassment
Understand what is meant by ‘reasonable’ and ‘necessary force’
Learners will also be able to:
State the main aims of the Private Security Industry Act 2001
Identify the main regulatory functions of the Security Industry Authority
Identify the differences between civil, criminal and common law
Understand SIA licence integration
* It is important to ensure that as legislation changes the content of this session is amended to
reflect current legislation
Page 5 of 23Session 3: Risk Management
Aims:
To understand the importance of threat assessment.
To understand the importance of risk management.
To produce a dynamic risk assessment.
Objectives:
By the end of this session learners will be able to:
State the definition of a threat to the protected person(s)
State the definition of risk to the protected person(s)
State the importance of threat and risk management within a close protection
context
Explain the likely threats to a principal within a close protection context
Explain why it is necessary to conduct threat and risk assessments for protected
person(s) and venues
State the importance of profiling the protected person to establish the level of
threat and associated risk
Describe the variations between a threat and risk assessment for the protected
person(s) and venues
Identify the variations in threat assessment and risk management when a principal
is arriving and leaving a location
Explain the need for on-going assessment, response and contingency plans
Describe how close protection operatives gather intelligence for operational
purposes within the UK
Describe how decision making models can be used within a threat and risk
assessment process e.g. National Decision Model
Describe the UK’s Threat Level System
Carry out a risk assessment
Understand the concept of a dynamic risk assessment
Know how to assess the risk involved in using physical skills, particularly in
relation to the threat
Page 6 of 23Session 4: Personal and Professional Skills
Aim:
To explain and demonstrate the importance of personal and professional skills
within a close protection environment.
To understand the importance of teamwork within a close protection
environment.
Objectives:
By the end of the session learners will be able to:
Explain the need for effective interpersonal skills
Explain a range of personal skills required of a close protection operative
Explain the importance of effective personal and professional relationships with
principals, clients and others involved in a close protection operation
Explain what being assertive promotes and with whom
Explain the importance of etiquette, dress code and protocol when dealing with
different types of principals in a close protection environment
Explain the importance of time and resource management
Describe and demonstrate the attributes of an effective team
Explain the importance of knowing and using other team members' abilities and
skills
Explain the importance of personal and team preparation
Demonstrate negotiation skills when working as a close protection operative
Demonstrate a range of personal skills required to work in close protection
Demonstrate a range of practical skills required to work in close protection
Demonstrate a range of professional skills required to work in close protection
Be able to use the phonic alphabet
Be able to use radio protocols effectively in the role of a close protection
operative
Be able to communicate effectively with a diverse demographic
Explain why it is important to record details of attacks and use of force,
particularly when this may have to be used as evidence
Page 7 of 23Session 5: Surveillance Awareness
Aims:
To have an elementary understanding of surveillance, anti-surveillance and
counter-surveillance methods.
To demonstrate and explain basic surveillance, anti-surveillance and counter
surveillance applications.
Objectives:
By the end of this session learners will be able to:
Explain the purpose of surveillance
Describe the range of basic surveillance applications
Explain the purpose of anti-surveillance
Describe a range of basic anti-surveillance applications
Explain the purpose of counter-surveillance
Describe a range of basic counter-surveillance applications
Have an awareness of Technical Surveillance Counter Measures (TSCM)
Describe the likely sources of unwanted attention e.g. criminals, media, followers,
stalkers, fixated persons
Describe the equipment used in surveillance, its capabilities and limitations
Demonstrate the use of basic surveillance, anti-surveillance and counter
surveillance applications to confirm or deny third party activity
State / describe more advanced surveillance skills and equipment (drones etc.)
Be able to recognise signs of potential attack to a principal
Page 8 of 23Session 6: Search Procedures
Aim:
To explain and demonstrate search procedures within a close protection
operation for people, vehicles and buildings/venues.
Objectives:
By the end of the session learners will be able to:
Explain the reason for the search
Explain the law in relation to control of access and searching
Explain different types of searches, the procedures for, and implications of,
searching buildings, vehicles and people
Explain the use and range of technology available to assist in a search
Explain and demonstrate how to deal with unauthorised / dangerous items
Explain the process for sanitising and securing a location prior to and after use
Explain the methods available to secure a vehicle, building or location
Carry out methodical and detailed searches on people, places and property.
Describe the skills required to search people in different environments
Page 9 of 23Session 7: Foot Drills
Aim:
To explain and demonstrate close protection foot drills.
Objectives:
By the end of the session learners will be able to:
State the responsibilities and aims of a close protection operative on foot
Identify the team appointments within a close protection team whilst on foot
Explain the importance of a flexible approach to protection whilst on foot
Explain and demonstrate the range of communication techniques to be used whilst
on foot
Explain and demonstrate the purpose of effective body protection for the
protected person
Explain and demonstrate foot evacuation of protected person(s)
Explain the need for foot route selection and planning
Demonstrate providing protection when operating on foot
Page 10 of 23Session 8: Location Security
Aims:
To explain and demonstrate venue security operations and requirements.
Objectives:
By the end of the session learners will be able to:
Explain the range of venue-related security operations e.g. private and public
Identify common factors that may influence security procedures at a venue
Explain the importance of communication within a venue and the most
appropriate methods to employ, i.e. radios, public address system
Explain the use and maintenance of communication equipment and other
technology that may be used in venue-based close protection
State the importance of identifying communication black spots within a venue
Explain a range of common countermeasures to employ in venue-based close
protection operations e.g. patrolling and access control
Identify a range of in-house resources available to support venue security and the
associated benefits
Explain and demonstrate how to work with resident security teams at a range of
venues
Describe a range of common contingencies that may be employed in venue-based
close protection operations e.g. alarms, safe rooms and evacuation contingencies
Conduct a venue search and identify the measures required to maintain a secure
environment post search
Liaise with in house security teams at a range of locations
Page 11 of 23Session 9: Route Planning
Aim:
To understand the importance of planning, for route selection.
Objectives:
By the end of the session learners will be able to:
Explain the need for route selection and planning
Explain the importance of assessing risks associated with route selection and the
factors that must be taken into account
State the considerations when selecting modes of transport for primary and
secondary routes
Describe the range of technological and non-technological tools for use in route
planning
Explain the advantages and disadvantages associated with the use of technological
tools in route planning
Explain the advantages and disadvantages associated with the use of non-electric
maps in route planning, e.g. Atlas, A-Z
Explain the factors to be considered when planning and timing a route
Produce a primary and secondary route plan using paper based and technology
based resources.
Page 12 of 23Session 10: Conduct Reconnaissance
Aim:
To explain and demonstrate the purpose of, and carry out, reconnaissance.
Objectives:
By the end of the session learners will be able to:
Explain the purpose of reconnaissance
Describe the issues for consideration when conducting a reconnaissance
Describe the role of a Security Advance Party (SAP)
Explain the difference between discreet and overt reconnaissance
Conduct reconnaissance activity
Complete a site/venue report
Page 13 of 23Session 11: Journey Management
Aim:
To understand the importance of managing transport arrangements within a close
protection environment.
Objectives:
By the end of the session learners will be able to:
Know how to manage mobile security
Explain the need for mobile security
Explain different types of transport and the reasons why choosing the correct
mode of transport is essential within a security context
Describe the risks associated with all modes of transport
Explain the need for alternative transport plans
Describe the variety of transport arrangements and their potential consequences
for the close protection operative and team, i.e. chauffeurs, self-drive, people
accompanying the protected person
State the checks that must be completed when selecting modes of transport
Complete risk-based contingency planning
Carry out incident management follow-up
Demonstrate embus/debus techniques
Page 14 of 23Session 12: Prepare and Carry Out Close Protection Work
Aims:
To understand the importance of teamwork within a close protection
environment.
To conduct an operational briefing, handover and de-briefing.
To explain and demonstrate how to deal with a range of incidents within a close
protection environment.
To explain the importance of operational planning.
Objectives:
By the end of the session learners will be able to:
Explain the purpose of operational planning
Explain the importance of threat and risk assessment in operational planning
Explain the importance of time and resource management
Identify the relevant agencies that may need to be contacted in the course of
operational planning
Develop and implement an operational plan
Conduct a team briefing, handover and debriefing
To explain and demonstrate how to deal with a range of incidents within a close
protection environment.
Explain the range of incidents a close protection operative may encounter
Explain the personal responsibility of a close protection operative when dealing
with an incident
Explain the importance and role of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) within
a close protection context
Explain and demonstrate how to manage incidents that may arise during close
protection operations, including, but not limited to:
o Vehicle incidents
o Conflict (dealing with conflict within the team, with the protected person
and third parties)
o Managing unexpected illness
o Attack on protected person (verbal and/or physical)
o Loss of property
o Breach of security
Page 15 of 23Session 13: Conflict Management
Note: This is likely to be the material covered in the ‘Specification for Learning and Qualifications in Conflict
Management’.
Page 16 of 23Session 14: Physical Skills in Close protection
Aims:
Respond to threats to your principals
Use physical intervention to protect your principals
Objectives:
By the end of the session learners will be able to:
Maintain the security and confidentiality of information relevant to threats to your
principal
Give clear and concise instructions to the principal and team members where
appropriate, following standard operating procedures
Act within the responsibilities of your role in the protection team
Maintain the health, safety and welfare of the principal, yourself and colleagues
whilst taking responsive action to deal with threats to a principal
Minimise the threat of harm or injury to others who are not directly involved in
incidents
Be aware of and prepared for secondary or subsequent incidents that could
compromise the safety of the principal
Know how to use physical intervention techniques effectively
Use physical intervention techniques immediately, decisively and effectively to
protect the principal
Neutralise sources of threat using only reasonable, necessary and proportionate
force required to maintain the safety and security of the principal, yourself and
colleagues
Call for assistance as necessary to maintain the safety and security of the principal
Remove the principal from sources of threat to a position of safety as soon as
practicable
Use physical intervention techniques effectively to facilitate the removal of the
principal from the threats
Maintain the health, safety and welfare of the principal, yourself and colleagues
while using physical intervention to deal with threats to the principal
Be aware of and prepared for secondary or subsequent incidents that could
compromise the safety or security of your principals
Record accurate and full details of threats and force used to protect the principal,
in line with standards operating procedures
Demonstrate appropriate use of force
Page 17 of 23Session 15: Terror Threat Awareness
Note: This session is drawn from the ‘Specification for Learning and Qualifications for Common Security
Industry Knowledge’.
Aim:
To understand terror threats and the role of a Security Operative in event of a
threat.
To know and understand the basic procedures for emergency situations related to
terrorist activity.
Objectives:
By the end of this session learners will be able to:
Know threat level awareness (critical, server etc.)
Recognise current terror attack methods and know what actions to take in the
event of a terror attack including;
o Firearm (lone shooter)
o Knife
o IED
o PIED
o Vehicle ramming
o Acid attack
o Marauding shooters
Understand the actions to take in event of a terror threat
Understand how the threat of terrorism applies to the role of a security operative
Know and understand key local and national initiatives to raise awareness of the
terror threats Action Counters Terrorism (ACT)
Know what action to take in the event of an attack using acid
Know the HOT principle for suspicious packages (Hidden, Obviously suspicious,
Typical)Know the process of disaster management
Identify hostile reconnaissance and how to respond to suspicious activity
Know how to report suspicious behaviour
Page 18 of 23Additional Session 1: Protecting Vulnerable People
Note: This session is drawn from the ‘Specification for Learning and Qualifications for Common Security
Industry Knowledge’.
Aim:
To know and understand how to keep vulnerable people safe.
Objectives:
By the end of this session learners will be able to:
Identify vulnerable people
Understand how the security operatives response to mental health issues
Recognise the effects of drugs and alcohol on people
Identify vulnerable children or adults and the actions that should be taken
Explain the term ‘duty of care’ and safeguarding in relation to vulnerable people
Identify how the well-being of vulnerable people is maintained following an
interaction with a security operative
Identify the behaviours shown by of potential sexual predators and know when to
report them
Identify and know how to report indicators of child sexual exploitation
Know how to deal with allegations of sexual assault
Know how to deal with anti-social behaviour including from minors (use of force,
law appropriate person, theft, etc.)
Page 19 of 23Additional Session 2: Licensing Law
Note: This session is drawn from the ‘Specification for Learning and Qualifications for Door Supervision
Industry Knowledge’.
Aim:
To know and understand licensing law and the licensee’s social responsibility.
Objectives:
By the end of this session leaners will be able to:
Know the licensing objectives under licensing law
Understand the law in relation to refusing entry and ejecting customers
Understand police powers in relation to licensed premises
Understand the rights and duties of licensees and door supervisors as their
representatives
Understand the law in relation to children and young persons
Know what conduct is considered unlawful under licensing, gaming and sexual
offences legislation
Recognise and identify acceptable forms of proof of age
Page 20 of 23Additional Session 3: Dealing with Queues and Crowds
Note: This session is drawn from the ‘Specification for Learning and Qualifications for Door Supervision
Industry Knowledge’.
Aim:
To know and understand the responsibilities of door staff in relation to crowd
management within a queue system and crowd capacity within a venue.
Objectives:
By the end of this session, learners will be able to:
Know the responsibilities of a door supervisor in relation to queue control
Describe the requirement for and importance of queue control
Explain the importance of following dispersal processes
Understand why communication is important throughout the queuing process
Know the responsibilities in relation to crowd capacity regulations (including
specific areas of venues)
Know how and when to monitor the queue for potential safety issues (including
safety of barriers and welfare issues)
Understand how and when to report incidents in the queue.
Page 21 of 23Appendix A
Standards of Behaviour for a Close Protection
Operative
Personal Appearance
A close protection operative should at all times:
Wear clothing which is smart, presentable, and appropriate for assignments and
are in accordance with the employer/principle guidelines
Wear his/her Security Industry Authority (SIA) licence on the outside of their
clothing whilst on duty, displaying the photograph side
Professional Attitude & Skills
A security operative should:
Greet people they come into contact with in a friendly and courteous manner
Act fairly and not discriminate on the grounds of gender, sexual orientation,
marital status, race, nationality, ethnicity, religion or beliefs, disability, or any other
difference in individuals which is not relevant to the security operatives’
responsibility
Carry out his/her duties in a professional and courteous manner with due regard
and consideration to others
Behave with personal integrity and understanding
Use moderate language, which is not defamatory or abusive, when dealing with
members of the public and colleagues
Be fit for work and remain alert at all times
Develop knowledge of local services and amenities appropriately.
General Conduct
In carrying out his/her duty, a security operative should:
Never solicit or accept any bribe or other consideration from any person
Not drink alcohol or be under the influence of alcohol or drugs
Not display preferential treatment towards individuals
Never abuse his/her position of authority
Page 22 of 23 Never carry any item which is or could be considered to be threatening
Report all incidents to the management
Co-operate fully with members of the police and partners, local authority, SIA,
and other statutory agencies with an interest in the premises or the way they are
run.
Organisation / Company Values and Standards
A security operative should:
Adhere to the employing organisation / company standards
Be perceptive of the employing organisation / company culture and values
Contribute to the goals and objectives of the employing organisation / company.
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