SECONDARY ACTIVITY PACK - 11-20 March 2022 britishscienceweek.org A range of activities to be run with students up to the age of 14 - WWF
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SECONDARY
ACTIVITY PACK
11-20 March 2022
britishscienceweek.org
A range of activities to be run
with students up to the age of 14
Delivered by Supported by
2022
This activity pack is a one-stop shop to
support you during British Science Week,
and you can use it all year! Feel free to
adapt or extend any of the activities to suit
your students’ needs or the curriculum you
are delivering.
W
hen developing this pack,
we looked for activities
which promote cross-
curricular learning and break down
the stereotypes surrounding science,
technology, engineering and maths
(STEM). We therefore encourage you
to use British Science Week as an
r poster competi
opportunity to link STEM to other
curriculum subjects and to your u tion
ro
students’ own backgrounds, lives and
Ente
interests. Why not ask students to design a poster
based on any of the activities in this pack
This year, we have included activities and enter it into our poster competition?
for students to complete in any Simply look out for the activities marked with
setting, whether that’s their school, a the paintbrush symbol shown opposite! The
club, an organisation or at home with theme for this year’s poster competition is
their families. ‘Growth’, and you can find more information
on how to enter on page 31 and at
britishscienceweek.org/plan-your-
Find an activity near you activities/poster-competition .
You can either create your own
activity, or see what activities are
happening near you. Last year we
reached more than 100,000 people.
Help us make British Science Week
2022 even bigger and better! Visit
sciencelive.net to find science
activities in your local area.
BRITISH SCIENCE WEEK 2022 SECONDARY 22022 CONTENTS 4 Introducing the theme 5 Making the most of volunteers 6 British Science Week at home 7 Gathering resources for the classroom or home 8 Beyond the Week 9 Unlocking skills 10 Future jobs 11 Take it home: Plant growth and nutrients 12 WeCount for net zero emissions 15 GDP Gorillas 16 Plants on Mars: Build an automatic plant watering system 17 Dreamachine: seeing with our brain 19 Conscious consumers 21 Bean here, done that, got the leaves 22 Everything’s connected 23 Career and climate change 26 Investigating urban nature 27 Growing spaghetti towers 28 Developing medicines 30 Designing your eco-farm 31 Poster competition BRITISH SCIENCE WEEK 2022 SECONDARY 3
2022
INTRODUCING
THE THEME
T
he theme this year for British Encourage students to come Here are some other ideas to include
Science Week is ‘Growth’! up with an acrostic poem for at the beginning of British Science
Introduce the theme to students GROWTH by asking them what Week.
in a fun, imaginative way to get them comes to mind when they hear it.
excited about the week ahead. Check You can even turn their acrostic Tell students about the plan
out some ideas below: poem into a jingle which you can for the Week and give them a
sing with them throughout the challenge related to the theme.
Share your brilliant activities, Week to help them remember If you are sending home a family
vlogs or images on social media! their ideas. experiment, maybe you could
Join the conversation or see introduce or demo it at your
Engage students by discussing
what’s happening during the Week setting first.
how growth is part of people,
by tagging the British Science
plants, animals, materials, Growth is all around us. What
Association (@ScienceWeekUK )
countries and other things in their are examples of good and bad
and using the hashtag #BSW22.
everyday lives. What are good growth? Is there any way you can
Try a game, give an audio-visual examples of growth? encourage conversations about
presentation, explore a mystery or this with students?
Invite a special guest or someone
special object, or create a pop-up
from the school community Launch the poster competition
display which communicates the
to share with students their and let parents know about this.
theme of ‘Growth’. These are great
own experience of growth (for See page 31 of this pack for
options to use as fun warm-up
example, how they started their more details.
activities, and are a fantastic way
career and gained their expertise),
to start British Science Week.
showing how great things can
start from small beginnings. See
page 5 for information on how
to get volunteers.
BRITISH SCIENCEWEEK
BRITISH SCIENCE WEEK2022
2022SECONDARY
SECONDARY 42022
MAKING THE MOST
OF VOLUNTEERS
While face-to-face engagement with
external visitors is now possible, don’t
forget that there are still opportunities
to get volunteers and presenters to
engage with students online.
S
TEM Ambassadors are Kick off British Science Week a difference in the world, or an
volunteers who offer their time with a career talk or demo from anecdote about science activities
and enthusiasm to help bring an inspiring volunteer to engage they loved to do as a child.
science and technology subjects to the students. The volunteer could
Book your visitors early (as many
life, and to demonstrate their value highlight how they grew to be
speakers get booked up during
to young people. It is now possible to an expert in their field, or what
British Science Week). Have a
request both in-person and remote significant contributions they
clear idea of what you want them
STEM Ambassador support, meaning have made to bring about that
to do and communicate this with
that Ambassadors from across the UK growth.
them ahead of time.
can inspire young people wherever
Schedule two or three different
they are. Volunteers come from a range
guests for careers talks during
of careers and experiences, from
the Week, if possible, to get
Find out more and make a request engineers, designers and architects
students anticipating who the
for STEM Ambassador support at to scientists and technicians, so
next guest will be and what they
stem.org.uk/stem-ambassadors/ get students looking forward to
do. These sorts of experiences
find-a-stem-ambassador . inspirational career talks which
can inspire students to think
broaden their choices and develop
about what they want to be in the
You can also look for presenters their job interests!
future. Remember, they are never
and volunteers via Science Live
too young to explore their career
(sciencelive.net ) or ask parents Visit the Inspiring the Future website
options!
if they work in STEM-related jobs to (inspiringthefuture.org )
describe what they do in more detail. Where available, choose for some helpful ideas for using
volunteers/ambassadors who volunteers, some of which may be
You could also try some of the
challenge stereotypes the students transferable when using remote
following things.
might have absorbed, and engagement.
promote positive attitudes towards
science, like female engineers.
Let the volunteers/ambassadors
share how their job is making
BRITISH SCIENCE WEEK 2022 SECONDARY 52022
BRITISH SCIENCE
WEEK AT HOME
Do you want to help students carry on
participating in British Science Week at home,
but are not sure how? Here are our top tips for
engaging parents and carers with the Week.
Make the most of parent Get parents thinking about how Send an experiment idea home
newsletters, the Parent-Teacher their own jobs might link to STEM during the Week to perhaps spark
Association (PTA) and chat group subjects and encourage them to mealtime discussions around
and text messaging services if chat with their children about this. science. Try to make it as low-
you have them. Let all the parents You could do this via a newsletter resource as possible. It can help
know at least a month in advance or send students home with if it’s something the students
of the Week what you have activities they can do with their have tried or seen at school first
planned, and how you’d like them parents, which may then lead so that they feel like the ‘experts’
to be involved. They might be onto further conversations. when they do it at home with
able to collect or donate materials (See page 11 for a great family, allowing them to lead
for use during the Week, and if take-home activity.) the learning. We have a range of
you want them to get involved science-based home activities
Encourage exploring outdoors,
in any experiments at home requiring few resources in the
in the community or in local
they may need time to plan and CREST at home collection at
cultural spots. This could be
collect materials themselves. The collectionslibrary.crestawards.
anything from going on a nature
PTA may be able to support you org/#11-18 .
walk around local parks, to
financially to run activities during
spotting STEM in action on the In addition to this pack, there
the Week or help to drum up
streets around students’ homes. are lots of other useful ideas for
parent volunteers.
Many of our CREST activities take-home activities from series
(collectionslibrary.crestawards. such as this one from The Royal
org/#11-18 ) are quick and Institution: rigb.org/families/
easy to do as fun outdoor experimental .
challenges too.
BRITISH SCIENCE WEEK 2022 SECONDARY 62022
GATHERING
RESOURCES FOR THE
CLASSROOM OR HOME
If you can, try to collect These things can be turned building structures and so on. The
materials all year round that can into rockets, cars, spaceships more colourful, the better!
be cleaned for use during British – you name it, the students
Collect fiction books and
Science Week. will think of it! Look at
reference books around the
childrensscrapstore.co.uk
Alternatively, check to see theme of Growth to create a
to find a UK directory of scrap
whether there is a scrap shop/ themed library.
stores.
store/club open in your local
area. These shops are often Encourage students to take and
membership based and can share photographs when out and
provide a brilliant, inexpensive about to foster discussion and
or free resource for card, fabric raise their level of understanding
and other bits of material. about the growth of plants,
BRITISH SCIENCE WEEK 2022 SECONDARY 72022
BEYOND
THE WEEK
The exploration and curiosity don’t have
to end once British Science Week is over!
Some of the following ideas could help you
to expand the learning beyond the Week.
Get students to take part in a Consider sharing your British If you have the opportunity,
CREST Award. CREST is a scheme Science Week learnings by consider running a STEM club
that encourages young people to running a Continuing Professional or curiosity lab. You can find
think and act like scientists and Development (CPD) session for supporting resources at
engineers. To achieve a CREST other teachers in your school or, stem.org.uk/stem-clubs .
Award, students complete hands- where relevant, academy chain.
on projects to suit their abilities, Think about incorporating the
interests and age groups. Take Science Capital Teaching Approach
a look at the secondary-level into your methods. Find out more
Bronze, Silver and Gold projects at at bsa.sc/UCL-science-capital-
secondarylibrary.crestawards.org . teaching-approach .
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BRITISH SCIENCE WEEK 2022 SECONDARY 11 8Imaginative
Observant
2022
UNLOCKING
SKILLS
Curious
A fantastic way to encourage students to
take an interest in STEM is to introduce
transferable skills used by those working
in STEM-related jobs.
T
hese skills will strengthen of the students with a certificate for Get students to run their own
positive attitudes and reduce a STEM skill which they demonstrate CREST projects and then use
stereotypes of those working in very well during the Week? them as inspiration for a mini
the field. science fair in class. We have
lots of handy CREST resources at
Get students leading the way
You could, for example, engage library.crestawards.org .
students in this STEM Person of the A great way to encourage students’
Ask students to research how
Week (nustem.uk/stem-person-of- interest in STEM is by letting them
growth has influenced the way
the-week ) activity from NUSTEM at lead the way. Here’s how you can
we live our lives today, and then
Northumbria University. Ask students to help them along:
write a report for the school
identify what attributes people working
newsletter or website.
in STEM need. These might include Encourage students to run their
being observant, creative, patient, good own activities during British Encourage students to design
at communication, or curious. Look out Science Week. They could either and create their own display,
for the skills set tags for each activity in run activities for other members such as a display of scientists
this pack. of the class or run some CREST at through time. This could be a
home activities with their family, photo exhibit that emphasises the
See the table below for the complete taking photos to present back to diversity of scientists, and which
list of skills developed by NUSTEM their class. Check out the CREST helps to overcome the ‘scientist in
to use as a talking point or to share resource library (secondarylibrary. a white lab coat’ stereotype.
with other teachers. Or, as a little bit crestawards.org ) for
of motivation, why not award each inspiration.
Observant Open-minded Committed Tenacious
Creative Imaginative Patient Collaborative
Resilient Communicator Passionate Organised
Curious Self-motivated Hard-working Logical
BRITISH SCIENCE WEEK 2022 SECONDARY 92022
FUTURE JOBS
It is difficult to imagine a career sector which won’t be
affected by these major industrial trends: an ageing society,
artificial intelligence, clean growth and the future of mobility.
In this activity, you will explore how one career sector might
be affected by one or all of these global trends. You will
make recommendations about the changes needed in your
chosen sector which could possibly lead to the growth of
new industries or technologies.
2+ hours
Skills set: Communicator, curious, self-motivated
Kit list Instructions which will enable you to learn more about
1 Select a career sector to focus on. Keep their current job and how they think it will
Safety sheet it broad rather than specific to a job. For change in future.
example, you could choose healthcare,
science.cleapss. 6 Reflect on what you have found out from
agriculture, construction, or TV and media
org.uk/Resources/ your research and from your interview.
– whatever you are most interested in.
Student-Safety- Consider the following questions.
Sheets 2 Research your chosen sector. Find out
What are the new opportunities and
what its purpose is, how many people
challenges in this sector?
are employed in this area, the latest
Computer (optional)
technology being used and the impact of How do you think it will look in ten
the sector on the environment. You could years’ time?
Internet access focus on a few key jobs and use a careers
(optional) What is the wider impact of your
website to help you.
research? What changes do you think
3 Consider how the global trends might need to happen to help your chosen
impact on jobs and ask yourself some sector to prepare for the future?
questions.
Will some jobs be replaced by machines?
Watch out
What kind of environment will
Always complete a risk assessment before
people work in?
you start this activity. Use the Student Safety
If people are living longer and there Sheets available online at science.cleapss.org.
are more older people, what problems uk/Resources/Student-Safety-Sheets to
and opportunities might there be? help you to assess the risks (i.e., think about what
could go wrong and how serious it might be).
4 Search for evidence to support your ideas.
You could use scientific magazines such
as New Scientist and Wired to search for
relevant articles. Next steps
5 Ask your teacher to help you to contact This activity can be put towards a CREST
someone in a relevant job who you can Bronze Award. For more information, go to
interview. Prepare a list of questions crestawards.org/crest-bronze. .
BRITISH SCIENCE WEEK 2022 SECONDARY 102022
Take it home:
PLANT GROWTH
AND NUTRIENTS
A plant’s growth rate is affected by different factors
like light, temperature, moisture and soil nutrients. In
this activity, you will investigate how the nutrients in
compost affect the rate of the growth of seedlings.
2+ hours
Skills set: Observant, organised, patient
Kit list Instructions
Interpret your results with the following
1 Prepare your seed trays with different
Seeds: radish or questions in mind.
combinations of compost and soil.
lettuce because
they grow quickly 2 Plant your seeds in the seed trays, Did the results agree with what you expected?
following packet instructions. Water them
Was there a pattern to your results?
Seed trays and place them in a well-lit location.
Were your results consistent enough for you
Soil 3 You can help the seedlings to grow
to be able to make a conclusion?
by using a propagator lid to maintain
Compost humidity. Alternatively, you could use Which of the different ways of measuring
makeshift propagators such as a simple plant growth do you think was the most
Propagator lid polythene bag inflated around the seed suitable? Why?
or makeshift tray, or a plastic bottle cut in half to
propagator provide a close-fitting lid.
(optional) Watch out
4 Ensure that the soil/compost in the trays
remains moist – trays without covers will Always complete a risk assessment before you
need regular watering. start your experiment. Use the Student Safety
Sheets available at science.cleapss.org.uk/
5 Remember that you want your tests to
Resources/Student-Safety-Sheets to help
be fair so make sure all your seeds are in
you to assess the risks (i.e., think about what
the same conditions of light, temperature,
could go wrong and how serious it might be).
moisture and so on.
Make sure you pick soil samples that are not
6 Keep a daily record of the number of
contaminated, such as those containing dog
seeds that have germinated, plant growth,
muck or broken glass.
and observations about plant health
such as colour and height. Decide what Ensure you do not eat and drink in science
measurements to use as indicators of practicals.
plant growth, such as plant height or the
Always wash your hands thoroughly after
number and sizes of leaves.
handling seeds and soil.
7 You will need to make your measurements
daily for about three to four weeks.
Next steps
8 Choose at least two of your indicators
of plant growth to plot as graphs to This activity can be put towards a CREST
show how the different combinations Bronze Award. For more information, go to
of compost and soil affect plant growth. crestawards.org/crest-bronze .
BRITISH SCIENCE WEEK 2022 SECONDARY 112022
WECOUNT FOR NET
ZERO EMISSIONS
In this activity, you will explore proportion and graphs, as
well as data collection, through the concept of climate
change. You will interpret graphs, have a go at creating a net
zero scenario for 2050 and draw graphs to represent traffic
numbers on your (school) street. You will then discuss local
actions that can be taken, based on the evidence.
60 minutes
Skills set Communicator, observant, organised
Kit list Instructions
4 Create a graph showing numbers of
1 Look at the graphs on the next page. the different transport types you would
Internet and computer Cover the answers to the right of the expect to see on your (school) street
access for all students graph. What do these graphs tell us? Look over a one-week period. Think about the
carefully at the labels. Reveal the answers. spread of different transport modes, and
Paper to draw the days of the week and times of day
2 We need to create a behavioural shift
graphs and write that would be busiest and why. Once
away from cars, so that more people
complete, explain your graph in a few
walk, cycle, scoot or take public transport.
paragraphs and present to the class. Are
What type of information do we need to
there any patterns among the graphs
understand current road use and barriers
(e.g. high number of cars, low number of
to behaviour change?
pedestrians, etc.)?
What transport modes people take,
5 Create your future emissions scenario for
and how frequently.
2050 here: bit.ly/my2050simple .
Where people use their car most, and First, reduce emissions in just the transport
for what type of activity e.g. shopping, sector. Is this enough? Go back and make
work, education. changes in each sector. Report on your
results, explaining what decisions you
People’s interests in taking alternative
have made to reduce emissions and
transport modes.
capture carbon.
3 Digital sensors can help people to count
6 Record your ambition levels for each
transport, and car speeds, so that they
activity and then transfer it into this
can use this evidence to change certain
database to produce your graph:
behaviours. This is an example of Digital
bit.ly/my2050complex . Report on
Engineering. Use the Telraam website
results using mathematical concepts
(Telraam.net/en ) to show active
learnt in Step 1. Share your findings with
sensors. Zoom into one street and click
the class.
more data, to show activity across a day,
and a week.
BRITISH SCIENCE WEEK 2022 SECONDARY 12WECOUNT FOR NET ZERO EMISSIONS
7 Discuss what you learnt from the scenario
At home
exercise. What can we do to reach the
higher ambition levels for transport? Now you are aware of these issues, and
the impact your/our school street is having
on emissions, do you want to do anything
Next steps about it? Who else is responsible for these
changes? What changes do you think would
Further lesson plans are available from
be accepted by the residents/road users?
the WeCount or DETI websites below.
Complete some graph exercises on growth
By completing this lesson your school
and decay.
could be working towards Modeshift STARS
accreditation. Find out more and sign up at
modeshiftstars.org/education .
Career options
WeCount was a Horizon2020 funded
The initiative for Digital Engineering
citizen science project under grant
Technology and Innovation (DETI) aims to
agreement 872743. Find out more at
show how digital technology can be used to
we-count.net .
engineer a better world. Find out more at:
Next week, conduct a traffic survey for digitaltrailblazers.co.uk/about .
real. Either count manually throughout
the week, or buy the kit for a Telraam to
digitally count. Find out how here:
bit.ly/WeCountSchools .
WHAT DO THESE GRAPHS SHOW US?
Documenting climate change over time
Temperature increases in line with atmospheric
CO2 concentrations. There seems to be a cyclical
pattern every 100,000 years. However, in the
last 100 years or so, temperatures and CO2 levels
have increased exponentially.
Exponential means a rapid increase (growth)
or decrease (decay) in the value of something.
Exponential growth is expressed as y = 2x. Y
represents the y-axis, and x the x-axis. Add a minus
before the x if it was an exponential decay.
Read more here: https://bit.ly/tempco24000 .
BRITISH SCIENCE WEEK 2022 SECONDARY 13WHAT DO THESE GRAPHS SHOW US?
Exponential decay Exponential decay
Examples of increase can include annual growth of:
Money invested in a savings account with 2%
interest, or the spread of infectious disease, like
COVID-19.
Examples of decay could be the annual decrease of a
city population due to heavy pollution.
Test out the pollution example with your class by
walking through these steps: bit.ly/expodecay .
x
y = ab a > 0 0 < b < 1
Where do transport emissions come from? 7
Indirect emissions from
This graph shows us that each year, transport electricity generation
6
emissions are increasing. However, road transport is Road
increasing the most. What is the relationship? 5
Rail
Answer: directly proportional. It is not exponential,
4 Pipeline etc.
but there is a significant increase over time.
HFC & indirect aviation
Can this keep growing? In theory, yes, but in terms of 3
International aviation
protecting the planet no.
2 Domestic aviation
Did you know, transport is the largest emitting sector of
greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, producing 27% of the 1
International &
coastal shipping
UK’s total emissions in 2019.
Domestic waterborne
0
Read more here: bit.ly/emissionstransport .
1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Greenhouse gas emissions by sector Dedicated GHG removal
500
The graph shows how the UK could look in the future, Electricity generation
giving an indication of the type of reductions we need 400 Hydrogen production
to make. You can see that the biggest reductions need Other energy supply
to come from transport. Waste management
300
Specifically, it shows us what reductions we need from Agriculture and land use
each industry sector to reduce total GHG emissions 200
Industry
from its current level of 500 million tonnes CO2 Buildings- residential
equivalent per year to Net Zero by 2050. Buildings- non-residential
100
Net zero means achieving a balance between the Transport- domestic
greenhouse gases we put into the atmosphere and Transport- international
0
those taken out (e.g. through tree planting). Total emissions
Read more here: bit.ly/uknetzerograph . -100
Summary
CO2 and temperatures increase and Emissions from transport is increasingly above 1.5 degrees, which could lead to
decrease in a cyclical pattern every significantly each year, suggesting it runaway climate change. Some cities
100,000 years, however the pace of has a large bearing on the exponential have pledged to reach Net Zero by
increase in the last 100 years has rise we are observing. We need to reach 2030 – this would mean reducing the
been exponential. net zero by 2050 to prevent warming cars on our roads by 40%.
BRITISH SCIENCE WEEK 2022 SECONDARY 142022
GDP GORILLAS 5 Discuss:
How much do these issues matter to you?
Economists and politicians talk about economic growth all
the time. Growth is normally seen as the ultimate goal of an Considering the ‘GDP Gorillas’, would
economy. But is growth (measured by an indicator known as you agree that economic growth is the
GDP) always the best way to assess our economies? In this best way to measure our economy?
activity, we will look at what this economic measure misses out
Can you decide as a group which
on.
out of the two is the most important
30+ minutes issue? Or are both GDP Gorillas just as
important as the other?
Skills set Communicator, curious, collaborative
Watch out
Make sure you’re considerate of other
people’s views and arguments, and listen
carefully to what others are saying. This
Kit list Instructions activity shows just how important it is
Access to a computer 1 Test how good your attention is in a that we have a diverse set of opinions and
quick experiment! Watch the video viewpoints in economics.
Activity handout ‘The Monkey Business Illusion’
plus slides on youtube.com/watch?v=IGQmdoK_ZfY .
What is economic
Next steps
while concentrating. Ensure you understand
growth? the instructions before you start! It can be Watch this video of a speech by a
ecnmy.org/science fun to do this as a competition. politician criticising economic growth
week2022 as a way to measure the economy:
2 Did you spot the right number of passes?
cusp.ac.uk/themes/aetw/rfk-gdp50 .
What did you think about what else
Optional prize for happened? How did you feel while watching? Do
step 1 you agree? Film your own speech and
Read through the slides
we’ll publish the best - see
‘What is economic growth?’
ecnmy.org/scienceweek2022 .
ecnmy.org/scienceweek2022 .
Think:
At home
Why do you think we showed you this
GDP doesn’t help us measure the value of any
experiment?
work done for free, for example in the home.
What have you learned about how we Try noticing the value of the ‘services’ in your
pay attention to the economy? home, for example, how long it takes to go
grocery shopping and cook dinner. What do
3 Now watch another video
you think this is worth?
‘Two monkeys were paid unequally’
youtube.com/watch?v=meiU6TxysCg .
Make sure you watch right to the end. Career options
What was the effect of inequality Economics might seem like it’s about money
shown in this experiment? and maths, but actually it’s much more like a
conversation about what’s fair and our future.
Does this seem important for society?
Talking about how we measure the economy
4 Inequality and environmental damage are can help you become a local MP, politician or
two examples of things that economic policy maker. Considering multiple viewpoints
growth can distract us from. Read more is essential in every career.
about the issues on your handout.
BRITISH SCIENCE WEEK 2022 SECONDARY 152022
PLANTS ON MARS:
BUILD AN AUTOMATIC
PLANT WATERING SYSTEM
Watch out
In order for a mission to Mars to be successful, the astronauts
Ensure you have a bucket to collect any
will need to be as self-sustaining as possible. This includes
water.
recycling resources and growing their own food. In this
activity, you will develop a system which would allow a Keep water and electronic devices at a
computer to remotely monitor the welfare of a plant, and safe distance.
water it automatically.
3 hours Next steps
Skills set Logical, imaginative, tenacious Meet Arduino! More Arduino activities from
ESA esamultimedia.esa.int/docs/edu/
T04.1_Meet_Arduino_C.pdf .
At home
Watch ‘The Martian’ movie to find out
Kit list Instructions the unusual way Matt Damon’s character
Computer 1 This activity has detailed instructions astronaut Mark Watney grew his own food!
found here stem.org.uk/system/files/
Arduino
elibrary-resources/2019/10/Plants%20
Career options
Breadboard on%20mars.pdf .
In this activity, you can explore your options
Circuit cables 2 You may need to create an account to
from being an astrobiologist, a computer
access the link.
Micro servo motor scientist, to an electrical engineer, or even a
3 Following the steps from the link, you programmer.
Humidity sensor will explore technology used in space
through the Arduino tool. You will build
Bottle
an automatic watering system that
Blu-tack measures soil humidity and waters a plant
accordingly.
Cable ties
4 When you have finished, think about:
Watering tube
How could the system be developed
Bucket to be an inclusive, autonomous
Potted plant system capable of monitoring and
keeping plants healthy in a Martian
environment?
Is there anything unique about the
environment on Mars that we need to
take into account?
Are there any other concerns with a
mission to Mars?
BRITISH SCIENCE WEEK 2022 SECONDARY 162022
DREAMACHINE:
SEEING WITH
OUR BRAIN
This starter activity is linked to Dreamachine, an artwork
exploring the power of our minds and how we see and
experience the world around us differently. Our brains use rules
and guesses to inform us what our growing bodies sense.
This optical illusion, known as the Ames Window, plays
around with the brain’s knowledge of perspective.
30 minutes
Skills set Creative, curious, open-minded
Might we never see the world the way
it really is?
How do you think this might relate to
other ways you encounter the world?
Kit list Instructions
A4 paper 1 Print or trace the window template on the
next page twice. Glue to a thick card so it Watch out
Trapezoid window is the same on both sides then cut out.
Be careful when cutting out the centre
template
2 Attach string to each corner of the holes of the window.
Thick A4 card window and hang it in front of a plain
Make sure you find a safe and stable
wall.
Scissors place to hang your window, such as
3 Make the window rotate by winding the a doorframe, table edge or securely
String string and letting go. attached wall shelf.
Hole punch 4 Stand far back and watch. Try looking with
one eye closed or filming it.
Sticky tack or tape Next steps
5 The window is spinning 360° but to most
Glue This is just for starters! Explore a range
people it looks like it is oscillating and
of optical illusions and perception
Pencil or paper straw changing direction! Although the window
explorations through the Dreamachine
looks rectangular at a distance, it is really
Ruler resources, a major schools programme for
a trapezoid. If two things are the same
2022 focused on our sense of self, how
distance away, but one is larger, the brain
Colouring pens our brains help us perceive the world and
often guesses that the larger object is
how we connect to others.
Optional: closer, even if it isn’t.
dreamachine.world
phone or tablet
6 Attach a pencil so it is inserted through
Check out illusionsindex.org for more
one of the window holes and spin again.
illusions.
The pencil cannot really be passing
through the window and turning in a
different direction...so why does it look
At home
like it is?
Show family and friends the illusion. Does
7 Why do you think our brains make
everybody see the same thing? Ask each other
guesses about what we see?
about why some people see things differently
Does this make you think that what to others. What other examples does it make
you see is unique to you? you think of?
BRITISH SCIENCE WEEK 2022 SECONDARY 17DREAMACHINE: SEEING WITH OUR BRAIN
WINDOW TEMPLATE
Career options
Neuroscientists and psychologists
study the nervous system,
Hole
the brain, and the mind in
order to help advance science,
medicine, technology, and society.
Philosophers study the nature
of mind and experience, among
many other things. By knowing
about how we experience illusions,
people working in these areas
can learn more about perception.
Artists, filmmakers, designers, and
Don’t forget to colour the
architects often play with colour,
purple parts in if you are
perspective, and illusion.
tracing the template!
You can choose any
colour you like.
Cut along the
dotted lines.
Hole
BRITISH SCIENCE WEEK 2022 SECONDARY 182022
CONSCIOUS
CONSUMERS
As humans, our food choices have massive effects
on habitats of animals and plants. Humans represent
just 0.01% of all living things, but we’ve caused the
loss of 83% of wild mammals and half of all plants
through farming, logging and urbanisation. In this
activity, we will rethink our place in the food web!
30 minutes
Skills set Creative, curious, open-minded
personalised nutrition, animal welfare, climate
Kit list Instructions change and rewilding. It’s very complex but
1 Look at the facts on the next page to the choices we make as consumers can make
Pens see how much human food choices a difference!
shape which species are most dominant ysawards.co.uk/2021/10/22/1228
Paper
on Earth.
Colouring pencils/ The Conscious Consumers project was
2 Now it’s time to take the plant food
pens designed for the Food and Farming Discovery
web challenge!
Trust by: The SAW Trust, LEAF Education, and
Computer/laptop/ 3 Draw three menu boxes like the examples Youth STEMM Award.
tablet/phone with on the next page to create a menu for
internet access the day. The Conscious Consumers project was funded
by: Chadacre Agricultural Trust.
4 Use the species levels in the food
chain table to see how you score on the
food chain and on the number of plants
you eat. At home
5 Go online for recipe ideas to maximise Why not dust off your cookery skills and put
your plant score. If you choose meat or your menu to the test! Could you eat 30
fish ingredients, investigate what they different plants a week?
like to eat!
6 There’s an extra bonus for eating a bigger
range of coloured plants, so add colours Career options
to your boxes to represent the colours in
Feeding a growing population while limiting
your meal!
the impacts of climate change, protecting
biodiversity and improving human nutrition
requires scientists from different disciplines
Next steps to work together with farmers to find
Build your understanding of our impact on sustainable solutions. From ecology, computer
the planet by checking out the Conscious modelling, robotics, biology, engineering,
Consumers resources to delve deeper into agriculture and economics, there’s a wealth
the topics of food miles, plant-based diets, of opportunities for creative individuals!
BRITISH SCIENCE WEEK 2022 SECONDARY 19CONSCIOUS CONSUMERS
ACTIVITY SHEET
In this table, species in a simple food chain or web are given a position based on their diet.
The Food Chain table
Level 1 Producers who make their own food (plants, algae) Omnivores
eat a truly mixed
Level 2 Herbivores who eat plants (primary consumers) diet putting most
of them in
Level 3 Carnivores who eat herbivores or their products – eg, milk (secondary consumers) Level 4 but with
the ability to eat
Level 4 Carnivores who eat other carnivores (tertiary consumers)
plants & animals.
Level 5 Apex predators have no predators (at the top of the food chain)
Eat a typical diet in the UK and you are closer to pigs in the food chain than lions!
To feed a growing population and help wild plants and animals
Fact 1: survive we need to think about our diet! Eating more plants can
be excellent for our health. Some people are championing the
As consumers of meat, we have
challenge to eat 30 different plants a week!’
shaped which animals are most
dominant on the planet, leaving less
Plant food web challenge
habitat for wild animals:
Breakfast
Orange juice, cornflakes, milk, banana
60% oflivestock,
all mammals are
mostly Food chain levels: 2/3
cattle and pigs
No of plants: Three
70% offarmed
all birds are
poultry
Lunch
Chicken, mayo, lettuce, tomato & cucumber sandwich
Food chain levels: 2/3/4
No of plants: Four
Fact 2:
There are ~400,000 Tea
plant species on
Vegetable curry & rice (red onion, pepper, carrot,
Earth, around
courgette, garlic & aubergine), strawberries
300,000 of which
are edible… …and yet, most of Food chain levels: 2
our plant protein and No of plants: Eight
calories come from just
three plants; maize,
rice and wheat.
BRITISH SCIENCE WEEK 2022 SECONDARY 202022
BEAN HERE,
DONE THAT,
GOT THE LEAVES
We know that when seeds germinate they grow roots
and shoots, but which do they grow first? Do seeds
from the same batch all grow at the same rate or is
there variation? Does each seedling grow at the same
rate or do they grow more during hours of daylight?
20 minutes
Skills set Curious, observant, patient Watch out
Don’t be tempted to use garden soil as a
substitute for the compost as it may be
contaminated with animal droppings.
Wash your hands thoroughly after
handling compost.
Kit list Instructions
1 Fold the paper towel to form a cylinder Next steps
Transparent beaker that will fit vertically into the beaker. It
glass or clear plastic Variation is an important idea in Science
should fit snugly. The top of the cylinder
such as for drinking at KS3 (and beyond). The Collins KS3 Lab
should align with the top of the container.
cups (these can be Book has details of a range of experiments,
re-used many times) 2 Fill the centre of the cylinder including another one on variation in
with compost. seedlings.
Paper towels
3 Now take two or three beans and insert
General purpose them between the paper towel and the
compost beaker so they are about halfway down. At home
They should be clearly visible and held
Think about how you could make a
Beans– sold as seeds in place.
timelapse video of the seedlings growing.
30cm rulers 4 Water the compost but don’t let it become
Research the term ‘tropism’ and consider
waterlogged.
how the seedling knows the direction the
Tablet/smartphone
(optional) 5 Label the beaker and leave it in a sunny root should grow in.
place. Observe changes over the next
couple of weeks.
Career options
6 Observe and record changes including
lengths of roots and shoots. Horticulturists have a strong interest in
They could be photographed understanding how plants grow and how
(include a ruler in the shots). to get the best crop. Plant breeders study
the characteristics of plants and breed new
7 Compare the seedlings and consider the
varieties to develop desirable traits. Plant
variation.
geneticists are interested in variation amongst
8 Graph the data against time and decide if similar plants. Variation is important to enable
the growth rate is constant. plants to respond to changing conditions.
BRITISH SCIENCE WEEK 2022 SECONDARY 212022
EVERYTHING’S
CONNECTED 3 Humans make lifestyle choices not
directly tied to our survival, allowing for
more complex communities, but also
All living organisms are social creatures. Whether living more complex impacts on the ecological
alone, in family groups or existing as part of a supercolony, networks we belong to.
we all rely on, and are impacted by, interactions with other
4 Consider interactions at an individual
organisms and our environment. In this activity you’ll explore
level, community level, and species
these connections, grow and map new ones, and uncover your
level, mapping the networks like before,
own ecological networks.
to explore how the growth of our own
30 minutes communities impacts the growth of our
planet’s biodiversity. Can you discover how
Skills set Collaborative, logical, open-minded
interactions link together to form larger
webs, or even loop back on themselves?
Kit list Instructions
Paper 1 Let’s begin with simple interactions. All
animals need food to survive whether
Pens
they’re hunting, foraging, or growing it
Pencils themselves. These differences impact Humans Fewer Marine
ecological networks in different ways decide to eat fish ecosystems
Ruler and determine how the biodiversity of less fish harvested recover
String or twine an ecosystem will grow and change over
time.
Blu-tac
2 Think of three animals, an interaction
Optional: Thumbtacks each has with its environment, and the Watch out
and a corkboard subsequent impacts on their ecological
Ecological interactions and impacts make
network. Map these relationships on
good discussion topics. Avoid conflict by
paper or use twine to build a physical
listening to other people’s views, being
ecological web.
understanding and allowing real learning to
flow.
Next steps
You can learn all about how animal lifestyles
inform ecological networks, create feedback
loops and affect community growth by going to
MyLearning.org and searching for ‘ecology’.
Foxes Rabbit Plant growth
eat rabbits population declines increases, Career options
supporting larger If you enjoy nature and have keen interest on
rabbit population the relationships between living things and
next year their environment, you can pursue a career as
an ecologist or a research scientist.
BRITISH SCIENCE WEEK 2022 SECONDARY 222022
CAREER AND
CLIMATE CHANGE
Did you know that as climate change is escalating,
Next steps
the demand for careers that are helping to fight it is Make Happen is part of the Office for
also growing? Many universities now offer degrees in Students’ Uni Connect programme, unlocking
environmental sciences and many career routes now include opportunities for young people by helping
options to help protect the environment. In this activity, you them make informed choices about their
will find out more about jobs in the environmental sector education and future. It brings schools and
that you might enjoy, from renewable energy engineering to colleges in Essex, UK together with universities
sustainability management. and other local educational partners to raise
awareness about higher education, and to help
30 minutes paper activity +
them support their students.
30 minutes to discover more on the webpage
Skills set Committed, passionate, tenacious
At home
Discuss one of the jobs you learned about
with your friends, parents and carers. Are
Kit list Instructions there any other jobs in the word cloud that
they haven’t heard of before?
1 Think of climate change causes, effects,
Pen and solutions. How is climate change
affecting the planet? Fill in the mind map
Pencil Career options
on page 24 and add your ideas.
Internet access Think of what YOU are interested in and
2 What careers might support fighting climate
the positive impact your career can have on
change? There are some examples shown
the world!
in the word cloud on page 25 . Pick three
that sound interesting, then research them
It’s ok if you haven’t discovered what career
using the websites below and fill in the
path you’d like to follow yet, but hopefully
table on page 25 .
this activity will give you some inspiration.
Some careers are in well-established jobs, Exploring careers is a long-term activity, it
for example an engineer that specialises takes time to explore your strengths and
in developing cars that produce no CO2 understand your goals. As you are searching,
emissions (a clean car engineer). Whereas, think about what sounds interesting to
some careers are in totally new areas, you, and if you would enjoy using the skills
such as conservation science. involved in each job.
3 Think of your own strengths, skills,
interests and qualities that would help
You can find information about different
you choose a career you enjoy and thrive
jobs and careers on websites such as:
in. Have a look at the examples listed on
prospects.ac.uk/job-profiles
page 24 and circle the ones you think
apply to you. There’s space to add your
ucas.com/ucas/after-gcses/find-
own if you’d like to. What do you need to
career-ideas/explore-jobs#js=on
do to achieve your goals? Fill in the table
with your thoughts and ideas.
ucas.com/further-education/find-
career-ideas
makehappen.org/guides/british-
science-week-2022
BRITISH SCIENCE WEEK 2022 SECONDARY 23CAREER AND
CLIMATE CHANGE
ACTIVITY SHEET
Mind Map
Burning
fossil fuels
Causes
Solutions
Effects
Report Talk about it Invent Investigate
Monitor Report Plan
Manage
Your strengths, skills and interests Your career goals
teamwork kindness ambition time management
creative thinking report writing helpfulness resilience
problem solver good listener caring curious
well organised communicative experimentative dedication
open minded planning logical researching sources
reasoning design negotiating attention to detail Steps to take in order to achieve your goals
investigating constructing an argument debating
calm under pressure positive attitude leadership
friendly self motivated reliable independent
BRITISH SCIENCE WEEK 2022 SECONDARY 24CAREER AND
CLIMATE CHANGE
ACTIVITY SHEET
Title: Bioclimatic architect Title:
Purpose: To design buildings in harmony with natural Purpose:
surroundings and use of means like solar radiation and air flow
for heating and cooling.
Some day-to-day duties: Some day to day duties:
Produce detailed workings, drawings and specifications
Specify the nature and quality of materials required
Keep within financial budgets and deadlines
Assess the impact on the local environment
How to get it: Through studying to become an architect at How to get it:
university, or an architecture apprenticeship. Alternative routes
also include practice based qualifications.
(source: riba.com)
Average salary: £40,000 with 5 years of experience Average salary:
Title: Title:
Purpose: Purpose:
Some day to day duties: Some day to day duties:
How to get it: How to get it:
Average salary: Average salary:
BRITISH SCIENCE WEEK 2022 SECONDARY 252022
INVESTIGATING
URBAN NATURE
As towns and cities grow, we need to find ways
to support the needs of humans, while allowing
urban biodiversity to flourish for the benefit
of everyone. In this activity you will become a
scientist by making observations of nature on your
doorstep and letting the Natural History Museum
(NHM) know what you think the most important
scientific questions for us all to address are.
30 minutes
Skills set Creative, curious, observant
Kit list Instructions Next steps
1 Get to know your urban nature by finding Tell the Natural History Museum at
Notebook and pen or any small green space close to your home nhm.ac.uk/bsagoexplore what you
device to record your or school. Look closely for a few minutes think the most important questions are that
ideas while outside for any signs of life. Make a note of what we should be asking about urban nature.
you’ve seen in your notebook or device.
Computer access to Go to our website nhm.ac.uk/schools/
2 Next, note down any evidence of humans
the NHM question explore-urban-nature.html to learn more
influencing nature, positive or negative.
submission portal about the challenges urban nature is facing,
The impacts can be big or small (e.g.
{link to follow} and what you can do to support it.
buildings, flower beds).
3 Discuss with a friend what benefits
Computer access to
having more plants and animals in your
the ‘Asking scientific At home
questions’ resources neighbourhood could have for nature, and
{link to follow} for people. What about benefits of making What could you do in your community to
more space for the things that people advocate for urban nature? Are there local
need? Note down what you think the conservation organisations you could join,
correct balance is. or groups you are a part of that you could
encourage to act sustainably?
4 Finally, can you think of any scientific
questions you could test to find out the
best balance? You can use our guide and
examples of what makes a good scientific Career options
question to help here {link to follow}.
Many jobs in the future will require an
understanding of how to collect data and
use it to make decisions about how to
Watch out balance human needs with those of wildlife
Look but don’t touch! Urban nature, for in towns and cities. Governments, technology
example trees, can be exposed to many pests companies, environmental charities, and
and diseases. Try to avoid spreading any of scientists are just a few examples.
them by not touching plants or animals, and
cleaning your shoes.
BRITISH SCIENCE WEEK 2022 SECONDARY 26You can also read
