PERCEPTIONS OF NGOS & ATTITUDES TOWARD CLIMATE CHANGE/COP26 - Paolo Morini Jennifer Hudson David Hudson
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PERCEPTIONS OF NGOS & ATTITUDES TOWARD CLIMATE CHANGE/COP26 / 19 October 2021 Paolo Morini // French Partner Meeting /// www.developmentcompass.org Jennifer Hudson @DevEngageLab David Hudson
PERCEPTIONS OF INTERNATIONAL NGOS How does the French public view development NGOs?
DEVELOPMENT NGOS ARE POSITIVELY VIEWED BY THE FRENCH PUBLIC 45 55% 40 35 30 25 have favourable views 20 40 about NGOs and charities 15 28 working in developing 10 countries 5 15 6 5 7 0 • On balance, the French public have Plutôt défavorable Je ne sais pas Très favorable Ni favorable ni défavorable Très défavorable Plutôt favorable very favourable views of development NGOs. A majority - 55% - hold very or somewhat favourable views. • Just over one in four (28%) say they have no strong feelings, with 11% holding unfavourable views. • Unsurprisingly, donors to NGOs are more likely to hold positive views (66%) than non-donors (49%). Question: Dans l'ensemble, quelle est votre opinion sur les ONG et les organisations de solidarité internationale qui interviennent dans les pays en développement ? Sample size n=2,001 | Base: FR adults | Data are weighted to be nationally representative | Fieldwork by YouGov, 5-10 Aug 2021
THE FRENCH PUBLIC ARE SPLIT ON NGO EFFICACY 40 35 30 25 37% 20 agree that NGOs or 15 30 35 international charities can 10 make a difference about 14 global inequalities 5 7 7 7 0 • When asked about whether NGOs can Pas d'accord D'accord Je ne sais pas Pas du tout d'accord Tout à fait d'accord Ni d'accord ni pas d'accord make a difference in reducing global inequalities, nearly 4 in 10 agree NGOs are effective (37%) • However, overall views are split with nearly an equal percentage saying they have no strong views. 21% say that NGOs are somewhat or not at all effective. • Comparing those who donate to NGOs to those who do not, donors are much more likely to agree (45%) that NGOs are effective than non-donors (33%). Question: Veuillez indiquer dans quelle mesure vous êtes en accord ou en désaccord avec la phrase suivante : « les ONG ou les organisations de solidarité internationale qui interviennent dans les pays en développement sont en mesure de contribuer à lutter efficacement contre les inégalités à l’échelle du monde » Sample size n=2,001 | Base: FR adults | Data are weighted to be nationally representative | Fieldwork by YouGov, 5-10 Aug 2021
ARE NGO APPEALS TRUSTWORTHY? 37% SAY YES 35 37% 30 25 20 say NGOs and charities are 33 being honest when they 15 30 say donations can save a 10 child’s’ life 5 12 10 7 8 0 • However, one third of respondents Pas d'accord Je ne sais pas Pas du tout d'accord D'accord Tout à fait d'accord Ni d'accord ni pas d'accord neither agree nor disagree with the statement, suggesting there is a large proportion of the public who can be convinced. 22% of respondents say they think NGOs are not telling the truth about the impact of donations. • There is a significant difference between donors and non-donors: 49% of donors agree that NGOs appeals are honest compared to 31% of non-donors. Question: En pensant aux appels aux dons lancés par les ONG, dans quelle mesure êtes-vous en d'accord ou en désaccord avec l'énoncé suivant : « Les ONG et les associations caritatives sont honnêtes lorsqu'elles disent que votre don peut sauver la vie d'un enfant ». Sample size n=2,001 | Base: FR adults | Data are weighted to be nationally representative | Fieldwork by YouGov, 5-10 Aug 2021
KEY INSIGHTS 55% 37% 37% think that NGOs and think that NGOs and hold favourable views of charities can make a charities are being honest development NGOs and difference about global when they say donations charities inequalities can save children’s lives Favourable views by age Favourable views by age Favourable views by age • 18-24 (62%) • 18-24 (49%) • 18-24 (51%) • 25-34 (52%) • 25-34 (38%) • 25-34 (34%) • 35-44 (58%) • 35-44 (40%) • 35-44 (40%) • 45-54 (37%) • 45-54 (55%) • 45-54 (38%) • 55+ (34%) • 55+ (52%) • 55+ (34%) Favourable views by education Favourable views by education Favourable views by education • No diploma (28%) • No diploma (39%) • No diploma (25%) • High school bac (35%) • High school bac (55%) • High school bac (34%) • Univ degree (42%) • Univ degree (59%) • Univ degree (44%) Favourable views by gender Favourable views by gender • Men (42%) • Men (55) Favourable views by gender • Men (40%) • Women (32%) • Women (54%) • Women (35%)
CLIMATE CHANGE & COP-26
TOP PRIORITIES TO TACKLE ENVIRONMENT ISSUES 54% 41% 26% Biodiversity and Climate change Air pollution ecosystems loss 22% 21% 8% None of these/ Water pollution Soil pollution don’t know Question: En réfléchissant aux problèmes environnementaux suivants, veuillez indiquer quelles devraient être, selon vous, les deux priorités du gouvernement français. Sample size n=2,001 | Base: FR adults | Data are weighted to be nationally representative | Fieldwork by YouGov, 5-10 Aug 2021
WOMEN AND HIGHLY EDUCATED ARE MORE LIKELY TO SAY CLIMATE CHANGE IS TOP PRIORITY 54% Gender Female 58 Male 50 18-24 55 thinks climate change is 25-34 52 our top priority among Age environmental issues 35-44 52 45-54 54 In all demographic groups, the majority thinks that climate change should be 55+ 56 France’s top priority when it comes to environmental issues. Less than Bac 54 The most concerned groups are women Education and highly educated respondents. Bac 51 Concern is higher within the youngest and oldest respondents groups More than Bac 58 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Question: En réfléchissant aux problèmes environnementaux suivants, veuillez indiquer quelles devraient être, selon vous, les deux priorités du gouvernement français. Sample size n=2,001 | Base: FR adults | Data are weighted to be nationally representative | Fieldwork by YouGov, 5-10 Aug 2021
APPETITE FOR ACTION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE 60 73% 50 40 30 49 Think the government 20 34 29 30 should do more to fight 10 24 21 21 19 5 15 3 4 3 15 climate change 7 6 8 9 0 Je ne sais pas Beaucoup moins d'efforts Suffisamment d'efforts Un peu plus d'efforts Beaucoup plus d'efforts Un peu moins d'efforts While appetite for further government action on climate change is high for all demographic groups, women are especially keen to see change: 77% of women think the government should do more, compared to 69% of men. Voting record from the past elections also shows us something quite surprising: 75% of those who voted for Macron think the government should do more, but 71% of Le Pen voters think so as well! Changement climatique Covid-19 Migrants et réfugiés Question: En pensant au rôle du gouvernement français à propos des sujets suivants, quelle affirmation décrit le mieux, selon vous, les efforts que le gouvernement français devrait faire ? Sample size n=2,001 | Base: FR adults | Data are weighted to be nationally representative | Fieldwork by YouGov, 5-10 Aug 2021
DIVERGENT PREFERENCES ON GIVING PRIORITY TO FIGHTING CLIMATE CHANGE OR THE ECONOMY The French public shows a fairly even split when it comes to priorities in the Prioritise fight against climate change or improving the economic condition of the economy the country and its people. The largest group, at 38% would prefer a balance of 32% both. Age is an important factor when it comes to the way people prioritise Balance of both either. 44% of those aged 18-29 would give priority to fighting climate change, 38% with a further 34% wishing for balance Prioritise in policy, and 19% thinking the economy fighting climate should take priority. change On the other hand, only 19% of those Don’t know 25% aged 55+ would prioritise tackling climate change, with 41% more 11% preferring a balanced approach, and 36% who would prioritise the economy. Question: La lutte contre le changement climatique et la protection de l’environnement donnent lieu à des arbitrages. En utilisant une échelle allant de 0 à 10, où 0 signifie « Le gouvernement français devrait donner la priorité à la lutte contre le changement climatique » et 10 signifie « le gouvernement français devrait donner la priorité à l’économie », veuillez indiquer votre opinion. Sample size n=2,001 | Base: FR adults | Data are weighted to be nationally representative | Fieldwork by YouGov, 5-10 Aug 2021
PRIORITIES FOR THE COP26 AGENDA 37% of the French public believe cutting emissions should be the highest priority among the four key goals of COP26. 37% 21% Adaptation, financing and cooperation Encourage cooperation remain the more misunderstood side of the Cut global emissions by 50% between governments, private world’s work to fighting climate change. in the next 10 years and reach companies and civil society to Older, more educated respondents think net zero by 2050 tackle climate change mitigation should be prioritized even more: 34% of respondents aged 18-24 think it should be the top priority, compared to 17% 13% 41% of those aged 55+. Similarly, 33% of respondents with less than a Bac think it should be the top priority, compared to 39% of those that hold titles higher than a Bac. Increase financing from Adopt measures to help developed countries and countries and people affected private companies to tackle by climate change to adapt climate change worldwide Question: La prochaine Conférence internationale sur les changements climatiques des Nations unies (COP-26) aura lieu au Royaume Uni en novembre 2021. A cette occasion, les pays vont devoir discuter des mesures à prendre pour limiter le réchauffement climatique à moins de 1,5 degrés à l’horizon 2100. Parmi les propositions suivantes, veuillez classer la première, la seconde, la troisième, puis la quatrième priorité la plus importante selon vous. Sample sizes n=2,001 | Base: FR adults | Data are weighted to be nationally representative | Fieldwork by YouGov, 5-10 Aug 2021
THE FRENCH PUBLIC IS PESSIMISTIC ABOUT MEETING THE PARIS AGREEMENT TARGETS The majority of French respondents in our survey are not optimistic we will reach the zero-emission target agreed in the Paris Agreement by 2050. 55% Pessimism is especially high for older and younger respondents. 53% of those aged 18-24% say they are pessimistic, compared to 46% of those aged 25-34, Pessimistic 25% 52% of those aged 35-54 and 61% of those aged 55+. By far, the most pessimistic Neutral 13% demographic group is respondents who hold an education title higher than Bac: 62% of them are pessimistic about our chance to stop CO2 emissions. Optimistic 7% Don’t know Question: Lors de la COP-21, la Conférence internationale des Nations unies sur le climat qui a eu lieu en France en 2015, les pays participants ont signé l’Accord de Paris dans lequel ils se sont engagés à limiter l’augmentation de la température globale à 1,5 degrés d’ici la fin du siècle. Êtes-vous plutôt optimiste ou pessimiste quant au fait que cet objectif sera tenu ? Sample sizes n=2,001 | Base: FR adults | Data are weighted to be nationally representative | Fieldwork by YouGov, 5-10 Aug 2021
KEY INSIGHTS 73% 37% 55% think the government think that the top priority should do more to fight at COP26 should be to feel pessimistic about us climate change reach net zero by 2050 reaching our 2050 goal The vast majority agrees: it’s time for Mitigation remains the key issue from In tandem with clear public demand for action against climate change in France. the public, leaving adaptation, further action to tackle climate change, cooperation and financing as the lesser French respondents feel like our chance Women are particularly keen to see points of interest for COP26. to achieve the Paris targets in 2050 are more work done by the government slim. (77% think they should do more), and Older (41%), and more educated surprisingly there’s no rift between respondents (39%), are even more likely Older (61%), younger (53%) and more electors of Macron (75%) and Le Pen to think mitigation should be our top educated (62%) respondents are the (71%). priority. most pessimistic groups among all French respondents.
APPENDIX How does the French public view development NGOs?
NGO FAVOURABILITY: COMPARISON WITH GB 45 the French public 40 have more positive 35 views (55%) of 30 NGOs, on average, 25 than the the 20 40 British public 34 34 15 (44%) 28 10 15 5 10 10 • Looking at a country comparison 6 5 6 7 6 with Great Britain, on average, the 0 Ni favorable ni Plutôt défavorable Je ne sais pas Très favorable Très défavorable Plutôt favorable French public have more favourable défavorable views. • GB respondents are more likely to say they have no strong views (34%) than French respondents (28%). • GB respondents are slightly more negative than French respondents, but the profiles are similar. France United Kingdom Question: Dans l'ensemble, quelle est votre opinion sur les ONG et les organisations de solidarité internationale qui interviennent dans les pays en développement ? Sample size n=2,001 | Base: FR adults | Data are weighted to be nationally representative | Fieldwork by YouGov, 5-10 Aug 2021
NGO TRUSTWORTHINESS: COMPARISON WITH GB 35 the French public 30 see NGOs as more 25 honest (37%), on 20 average, than the 33 British public 15 30 29 24 (30%) 10 17 12 13 11 5 10 8 7 6 • Comparing French and British 0 Pas d'accord Je ne sais pas Pas du tout d'accord D'accord Ni d'accord ni pas Tout à fait d'accord respondents, the British are far more skeptical of the claim in many NGO d'accord appeals that a donation can save a child’s life. • 30% of British respondents say they disagree with the statement comparted to 22% of French respondents. France United Kingdom Question: En pensant aux appels aux dons lancés par les ONG, dans quelle mesure êtes-vous en d'accord ou en désaccord avec l'énoncé suivant : « Les ONG et les associations caritatives sont honnêtes lorsqu'elles disent que votre don peut sauver la vie d'un enfant ». Sample size n=2,001 | Base: FR adults | Data are weighted to be nationally representative | Fieldwork by YouGov, 5-10 Aug 2021
DONORS HAVE MORE FAVOURABLE VIEWS OF NGOS ON BALANCE 50 55% 45 40 35 30 have favourable views 25 about NGOs and charities 46 20 40 working in developing 37 15 31 countries 28 10 20 20 15 5 12 • Donors to NGOs are statistically 6 6 6 5 4 6 7 4 8 more likely to have positive views of 0 Ni favorable ni Plutôt défavorable Je ne sais pas Très favorable Très défavorable Plutôt favorable NGOs, and are much less likely to be défavorable indifferent. • Among those who have negative views, there are little differences among donors and non-donors, suggesting negative views are determined by other factors. All Donors Non-donors Question: Dans l'ensemble, quelle est votre opinion sur les ONG et les organisations de solidarité internationale qui interviennent dans les pays en développement ? Sample size n=2,001 | Base: FR adults | Data are weighted to be nationally representative | Fieldwork by YouGov, 5-10 Aug 2021
VIEWS ON EFFICACY BY DONORS & NON-DONORS 40 35 30 25 37% 20 agree that NGOs or 35 35 32 36 international charities can 15 30 27 make a difference about 10 14 global inequalities 14 13 5 10 9 8 7 6 7 5 7 4 0 • Donors are more likely to say Pas d'accord Je ne sais pas Pas du tout d'accord Ni d'accord ni pas D'accord Tout à fait d'accord development NGOs can be effective d'accord at reducing global inequalities than non-donors. All Donors Non-donors Question: Veuillez indiquer dans quelle mesure vous êtes en accord ou en désaccord avec la phrase suivante : « les ONG ou les organisations de solidarité internationale qui interviennent dans les pays en développement sont en mesure de contribuer à lutter efficacement contre les inégalités à l’échelle du monde » Sample size n=2,001 | Base: FR adults | Data are weighted to be nationally representative | Fieldwork by YouGov, 5-10 Aug 2021
NON-DONORS ARE MORE UNDECIDED 45 37% 40 35 30 say NGOs and charities are 25 being honest when they 20 40 35 33 say donations can save a 15 30 26 29 child’s’ life 10 5 12 13 10 11 10 7 9 5 9 8 8 5 • Non-donors are far more likely to be 0 Pas d'accord Je ne sais pas Pas du tout d'accord D'accord Ni d'accord ni pas Tout à fait d'accord unmoved by the statement, saying they neither agree nor disagree with d'accord the statement that donations can save a child’s life. All Donors Non-donor Question: En pensant aux appels aux dons lancés par les ONG, dans quelle mesure êtes-vous en d'accord ou en désaccord avec l'énoncé suivant : « Les ONG et les associations caritatives sont honnêtes lorsqu'elles disent que votre don peut sauver la vie d'un enfant ». Sample size n=2,001 | Base: FR adults | Data are weighted to be nationally representative | Fieldwork by YouGov, 5-10 Aug 2021
CUTS BY IDEOLOGY
PUBLIC VIEW OF NGOS AND CHARITIES 50 55% 45 40 35 30 have favourable views 25 about NGOs and charities 46 20 40 working in developing 32 33 15 countries 28 24 10 15 16 5 12 11 Macron voters tend to have more 6 5 7 5 3 7 6 6 favourable views of NGOs: 62% 0 Ni favorable ni Plutôt défavorable Je ne sais pas Très favorable Très défavorable Plutôt favorable compared to 55% of other voters. défavorable Le Pen voters are more undecided than opposed to the work of NGOs. However, among these voters 11% has very unfavourable views of NGOs, compared to 3% among Macron supporters. All respondents Voted Macron Voted Le Pen Question: Dans l'ensemble, quelle est votre opinion sur les ONG et les organisations de solidarité internationale qui interviennent dans les pays en développement ? Sample size n=2,001 | Base: FR adults | Data are weighted to be nationally representative | Fieldwork by YouGov, 5-10 Aug 2021
PUBLIC OPINION ON NGOS EFFICACY 40 35 30 25 37% 20 agree that NGOs or 34 35 34 36 international charities can 15 30 24 make a difference about 10 global inequalities 14 12 12 14 5 9 9 7 6 7 4 7 6 0 The split in opinion of NGO efficacy is Pas d'accord Je ne sais pas Pas du tout d'accord Ni d'accord ni pas D'accord Tout à fait d'accord persistent when looking at Macron vs. d'accord Le Pen voters. Views are more negative among Le Pen voters: 14% of them completely disagree that NGOs can make a difference, compared to just 4% for Macron voters. Overall Voted Macron Voted Le Pen Question: Veuillez indiquer dans quelle mesure vous êtes en accord ou en désaccord avec la phrase suivante : « les ONG ou les organisations de solidarité internationale qui interviennent dans les pays en développement sont en mesure de contribuer à lutter efficacement contre les inégalités à l’échelle du monde » Sample size n=2,001 | Base: FR adults | Data are weighted to be nationally representative | Fieldwork by YouGov, 5-10 Aug 2021
PUBLIC OPINION ON NGO APPEALS 40 37% 35 30 25 say NGOs and charities are 20 being honest when they 36 33 33 35 15 30 say donations can save a 23 child’s life 10 17 5 12 13 8 10 10 8 8 7 6 5 7 Macron voters are more trustworthy of 0 Pas d'accord Je ne sais pas Pas du tout d'accord D'accord Ni d'accord ni pas Tout à fait d'accord NGO and charity appeals: 44% of Macron voter (compared to 29% of Le d'accord Pen supporters) think that the appeals are honest when they say a donation can save a child’s life. Skepticism is much higher for Le Pen voters: 17% of them think NGOs are dishonest about the claimed importance of donations. Overall Voted Macron Voted Le Pen Question: En pensant aux appels aux dons lancés par les ONG, dans quelle mesure êtes-vous en d'accord ou en désaccord avec l'énoncé suivant : « Les ONG et les associations caritatives sont honnêtes lorsqu'elles disent que votre don peut sauver la vie d'un enfant ». Sample size n=2,001 | Base: FR adults | Data are weighted to be nationally representative | Fieldwork by YouGov, 5-10 Aug 2021
CLIMATE CHANGE AS A TOP PRIORITY 54% Macron 60 think climate change is our top priority among environmental issues Le Pen 50 While concern for climate change is clearly higher for Macron voters, Le Pen supporters are definitely not tuning out. 50% of Le Pen supporter think fighting climate change should be the top priority when it comes to environmental Overall 54 issues. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Question: En réfléchissant aux problèmes environnementaux suivants, veuillez indiquer quelles devraient être, selon vous, les deux priorités du gouvernement français. Sample size n=2,001 | Base: FR adults | Data are weighted to be nationally representative | Fieldwork by YouGov, 5-10 Aug 2021
PUBLIC SUPPORT FOR GOVERNMENT ACTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE 60 73% 50 40 30 49 48 48 think the government 20 should do more to fight 10 24 27 22 15 16 15 3 3 3 climate change 5 1 6 6 5 5 0 Je ne sais pas Beaucoup moins d'efforts Suffisamment d'efforts Un peu plus d'efforts Beaucoup plus d'efforts Un peu moins d'efforts Our data show that the need for more government efforts to tackle climate change is not seen differently by Macron or Le Pen supporters who broadly agree the government should do more. It is worth noting that 11% of Le Pen voters think the government should do less, compared to 4% of Macron supporters. Overall Voted Macron Voted Le Pen Question: En pensant au rôle du gouvernement français à propos des sujets suivants, quelle affirmation décrit le mieux, selon vous, les efforts que le gouvernement français devrait faire ? Sample size n=2,001 | Base: FR adults | Data are weighted to be nationally representative | Fieldwork by YouGov, 5-10 Aug 2021
PUBLIC VIEWS ON PRIORITISING THE ECONOMY OR THE FIGHT AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE 45 40 35 30 25 20 38 39 41 Views on the trade off between the 32 35 economy and fighting climate change 15 31 25 26 also do not differ greatly among Macron 10 19 and Le Pen supporters. 5 5 4 5 0 While the largest categories for both groups wish to see balance between the Don't know Prioritise the economy Prioritise fighting climate Balance of both environment and the economy, Le Pen supporters are slightly more likely to wish for priority to be given to the change economy (35% compared to 31% of Macron voters) and less to fighting climate change (19% compared to 26%). Overall Voted Macron Voted Le Pen Question: La lutte contre le changement climatique et la protection de l’environnement donnent lieu à des arbitrages. En utilisant une échelle allant de 0 à 10, où 0 signifie « Le gouvernement français devrait donner la priorité à la lutte contre le changement climatique » et 10 signifie « le gouvernement français devrait donner la priorité à l’économie », veuillez indiquer votre opinion. Sample size n=2,001 | Base: FR adults | Data are weighted to be nationally representative | Fieldwork by YouGov, 5-10 Aug 2021
PRIORITIES FOR THE COP26 AGENDA 45 40 35 30 25 20 41 Le Pen supporters are much more likely 37 38 to say they ‘Don’t know’ than Macron 15 supporters, but overall the two groups do not differ significantly on priorities 10 19 21 19 20 17 18 for the COP agenda. 15 13 14 5 10 12 7 0 Don't know Finance Cooperation Mitigation Adaptation Overall Voted Macron Voted Le Pen Question: La prochaine Conférence internationale sur les changements climatiques des Nations unies (COP-26) aura lieu au Royaume Uni en novembre 2021. A cette occasion, les pays vont devoir discuter des mesures à prendre pour limiter le réchauffement climatique à moins de 1,5 degrés à l’horizon 2100. Parmi les propositions suivantes, veuillez classer la première, la seconde, la troisième, puis la quatrième priorité la plus importante selon vous. Sample sizes n=2,001 | Base: FR adults | Data are weighted to be nationally representative | Fieldwork by YouGov, 5-10 Aug 2021
PUBLIC OPTIMISM AND PESSIMISM ABOUT REACHING THE PARIS GOALS 60 50 40 30 55 53 52 20 Pessimism is the strongest feeling 26 27 across political groups, with a majority 25 10 of all respondents saying we are 13 16 13 8 unlikely to hit the 2050 targets. 7 5 0 Don't know Optimistic Pessimistic No strong feelings Overall Voted Macron Voted Le Pen Question: Lors de la COP-21, la Conférence internationale des Nations unies sur le climat qui a eu lieu en France en 2015, les pays participants ont signé l’Accord de Paris dans lequel ils se sont engagés à limiter l’augmentation de la température globale à 1,5 degrés d’ici la fin du siècle. Êtes-vous plutôt optimiste ou pessimiste quant au fait que cet objectif sera tenu ? Sample sizes n=2,001 | Base: FR adults | Data are weighted to be nationally representative | Fieldwork by YouGov, 5-10 Aug 2021
DATA AND USE DATA The data for this deck come from the DEL France Sandbox, July 2021 (n=2,001). Data are weighted to be nationally representative. Fieldwork conducted by YouGov, 5-10 August 2021. USE DEL data and analysis are a public good and can be used and shared with the appropriate citation. CITATION Morini, P., Hudson, J., 2021. France Sandbox, July 2021: NGOs perceptions and attitudes to climate change towards COP26. London: Development Engagement Lab.
The Development Engagement Lab (DEL) is a five-year study of public attitudes and engagement with global development in France, Germany, Great Britain, and the United States (2018- The Development Engagement Lab 2023). (Aid Attitudes Tracker Phase 2) has three goals: 1. Co-production of an evidence base for development DEL is a partner focussed research programme, convening and campaigning co-producing research and insights with over 30 international 2. Enabling collaboration across the sector development NGOs and government agencies to understand the 3. Increasing advocacy capacity through the sharing of research drivers of engagement and inform development and strategic insights communications. You can find out more information about DEL research at Fieldwork is carried out by YouGov and surveys are weighted to www.developmentcompass.org, follow us on Twitter be a nationally representative of the adult population. DEL is @DevEngageLab or by contacting del@ucl.ac.uk. funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and led by Professor Jennifer Hudson (University College London) and Cover photo: Luca Bravo on Unsplash Professor David Hudson (University of Birmingham).
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