PARLONS ULIP Student Magazine - Issue 3- May 2020 - ULIP Students' Union
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CON TE N TS 4 5 6 EDitor’s Editorial personal Letter Team style 10 14 Top food French spots Degrees 18 20 24 recette du The people book mois of paris Review 26 28 Alumni Lili’s interview poem 30 33 34 immigration guess the meet our su ulip Mum 2 3
Editorial Team Editor’s letter Editor-in-Chief Sasha Hampshire Hello ULIPpers! Deputy Editor Writing this letter during the time of a pandemic isn’t what I imagined for our last issue of Parlons for the academic year. Many of us are Nadia Cusack struggling to adjust to our new realities, which have, unfortunately, impacted our education. We need to remember to give ourselves enough Creative Director credit for persevering with our studies and in life, in general, despite all of the challenges and hardships that have been thrown at us. If there’s Ellie Agar-Brennan one positive element to come from this, it would be the importance of community, and it reminds me of how our close-knit university experience is so special. Even though our ULIP community might be currently dotted Photography around different points of the globe, we’re only a quick message away. Chloe Limitsios On a different note, if you’re missing a bit of Paris, check out page 10 Jamie Jones for Harry Garlick’s top food spots to bookmark for when you’re back. Or perhaps, you need some reading inspo? On page 24, Nadia shares her Harry Garlick recommendations for novels en français to beat that boredom and keep up your French. Even if you’re having a bit of a breakdown and questioning Sasha Hampshire your life choices – Chloe’s got your back with her motivational article on why a French degree is actually useful (page 14). Contributors And finally, as my time as Editor-in-Chief draws to an end, I want to thank all of our amazing contributors and the editorial team, Ellie and Nadia - I Abby Doherty don’t know what I would have done without you! Not forgetting our lovely readers, I hope you enjoy the rest of your time at ULIP (boy, does it go Bea Kessedjian quick!) and look forward to a bigger and brighter future. Alyx Bearman Paris, we’ll be back before you know it! Emma Jordan Harry Garlick All the best, Chloe Limitsios Sasha Hampshire Nadia Cusack Lili Prentice 4 5
f ashion, what does it mean to you? Following on from Parlons’ previous issue, welcome to part 2 of “Fashion, what does it mean to you?”. I interviewed Sean Young, BA3, on how his style has changed since coming to Paris, who he admires in the fashion industry and how he views the connection between fashion and politics. [Abby Doherty]: What does professional drag queen, that enabled fashion mean to you and me to do it because he could do my how do you view fashion in wig and my make-up, etc. It’s a fun way general? of exploring fashion because I get the [Sean Young]: Fashion to me chance to wear things that I couldn’t is following trends, whereas before. There are no real boundaries to style is more individualistic. drag. When I think of fashion, I think of a group of people dressing [AD]: Do you feel like what you wear a certain way, while style is everyday limits you more than if you an outward expression of were dressed in drag? how you feel. My relationship [SY]: Yes and no. I may compromise but with fashion and style has definitely changed I’m still dressing the way I want to. It’s since I’ve moved to Paris and I not extreme, it doesn’t get always have to think about how “Nobody is absolved me down, it’s just something I am presenting myself. I can’t I’m vaguely aware of. Maybe say that I necessarily follow from following when I was a bit younger, I fashion but, innately, nobody fashion entirely, was exploring my identity is absolved from following fashion entirely, we all absorb we all absorb it by more than I am now, but it definitely impacted me more it by osmosis, in some kind of osmosis, in some back then because I wanted way. There are often things kind of way.” to go out in leather short that I would like to wear that shorts and couldn’t. Drag I don’t for safety reasons, is fun and you kind of look because I don’t want to increase my risk of ridiculous anyway in a big wig and stuff passive homophobia. So, I guess I have a weird so you might as well wear whatever the relationship to it in that respect, maybe I’m not f*ck you want. always completely outwardly expressing how I really feel, but then it can be really empowering [AD]: Do you think fashion can be when I dress in drag. political? [SY]: I think fashion is inherently political. [AD]: Is drag something that you’ve recently I think everything is political, but fashion come to do yourself or something you’ve always is in particular, because our bodies are admired? political. As I’ve said, nobody is absolved [SY]: I’ve been thinking about it since 2016, but it from fashion, the same way nobody is 27 wasn’t until I met my boyfriend’s friend, who’s a absolved from politics. It’s political in 6 7
that it drastically alters the way we are perceived. [SY]: Funnily enough, it’s directly related to the affecting us. She’s a political activist, left- Uni is generally a safe space but, if I went out in essay I’m writing at the moment. I think, bizarrely wing, she’s pro-labour. I’m into her and I value Paris in leather short shorts, people would look at we have attached gender to clothes. It does her morals and that’s important when you’re me, understand me and speak to me differently. change because once upon a time, close to 200 investing in anything really; you should know Drag and subverting gender roles through the years ago, men wore high heels but now you most where it’s coming from. Speaking specifically way you dress is very political. I think it’s an likely wouldn’t see a man on the street wearing about fashion, I respect her and her products. It’s important, visible position to take by f*cking off them every day. I find the relationships that we mostly ethically produced - I try to avoid fast- these weird gender roles that come with the way have with gender expression, clothes and fashion fashion, that has such a rapid turn-over and is we dress. It’s mad that it can really change the strange. Gender is a construct, and it’s mad that complicated by the use of slave labour to keep way people understand you. It’s interesting to we understand it through clothes because you making cheap produce and I try to be conscious me because when I’ve been presenting female can assume so much about someone’s gender of not supporting that. So, I don’t buy much from and I’ve had traditionally women’s clothing by the way that they’re dressed. It doesn’t high-street stores anymore. Obviously, there on, people interact with me differently. I’ve make sense unless it’s essential, like a bra or are layers to this and we shouldn’t scrutinise noticed that men have felt more entitled to the something practical. buying from high street stores - sometimes the space around me, and like they have more of a affordable option is the only option. Like I said, purchase on me, but maybe that’s a lot to do [AD]: Similar to how parents buy blue clothes for there are limits to it but when I can I find ways with drag queens in general. People feel like they a boy and pink for a girl. of buying more ethically, which is why I have have certain rights to your body [SY]: Yeah, it’s really weird. I a lot of respect for Vivienne Westwood. Fast because of how you’re dressed. think it’s the human brain trying fashion is really dangerous, so I mostly buy “I’ve noticed that from charity, vintage or kilo shops now because to understand broad concepts [AD]: Tell me more about how men have felt more by categorising. Everything is I think we need to be investing more in reusing your fashion sense has changed entitled to the space so gendered, colour is gendered, and recycling. since you’ve moved here. names are gendered, the way we [SY]: Before I came here, I had around me, and like dress is gendered. I like being able [AD]: How different do you think fashion is here fantasies about dress and fashion they have more of a to reject that, even though I do compared to Liverpool? because Paris is the fashion dress like a guy but then like I said, [SY]: Liverpool fashion is amazing; scouse capital of the world. I thought purchase on me” women are known for their image because they it’s a safety thing. I think now more differently about dress when I than ever people are doing a good take pride in the way they look. They just really was younger, I thought ‘wow, I’ll have all of these job of moving away from that, but is it always a show up for dressing up. Liverpool races are such opportunities to wear these cute, extravagant bad thing? Sometimes I think that it’s a strange a thing, like Ladies’ Day. You get dressed up and things’ because I figured that Paris lends itself to experience, but I find it really empowering to look beautiful - there’s a phenomenon around expression through fashion more than anywhere dress in women’s clothes and there is something it now but Liverpudlians are scrutinised and else in the world, but having come here I don’t to be enjoyed in the swapping of roles. Even demonised by the right-wing media, eg. The Sun. think that’s the case at all. Paris, in general, is though the roles are a bit weird, it’s interesting to The hair, the make-up, the nails and the false tan more oppressive than Liverpool, I wouldn’t feel at subvert them and there’s something incredibly - there’s so much pride to be had, it’s honourable liberty to dress differently here. French fashion is political in doing that. that Liverpudlians take pride in presentation. very minimalistic and understated, I don’t think Liverpudlians have a happy attitude towards Parisians are that mad on fashion in the way that [AD]: It’s similar to how the gender roles that are fashion, I’d like to think. They don’t get enough people glorify them for being. reinforced when we’re kids are reflected in how credit for it, unlike the Parisians. we present ourselves when we’re older. [AD]: Yeah, it’s like they’re trying hard to look like [SY]: We’re all just conditioned from birth to [AD]: It’s ironic that Paris is the fashion capital they haven’t tried hard. understand things through the gender binary. We but what you actually see here is rather basic [SY]: Yeah, so in first year and second year of uni can’t help but absorb these gender roles all the and controlled. I haven’t heard anything about I was also trying to do that and trying to dress for time and they’re kind of pushed onto us and we what the trans community is like here. Paris, in some way. Parisians don’t wear a lot of begin to believe in them and conform to them. [SY]: Yeah, I read an interesting article about drag colour, neither do I, I think I’ve worn less colour queens in Paris and how they’re not free to just since I’ve come to Paris. Even though I’m sat in [AD]: Who do you admire in the fashion industry walk around. They get an Uber from their house a bright orange top, it’s not often I would wear and why? to the venue and then back again because they’d bright colours, it would usually be quite tame. I [SY]: I admire Vivienne Westwood because of how become victims of hate crimes. I’m generalising honestly don’t see a lot of fashion that inspires the brand started up through the punk scene and a little, but I don’t really see a lot of diversity here, me in Paris, whereas, I went to Copenhagen being involved with Malcolm McLaren and the despite the many amazing cultures in Paris. I’m this year and I thought there were lots of young Sex Pistols. The punk scene in the 60s, 70s and not convinced it’s living up to its reputation as people that were dressed really cool. up into the 80s is really interesting to me. I like the fashion capital. Written by that her brand is rooted in anti-establishment [AD]: Do you think fashion is performative in philosophy and that she uses her platform in a A huge thanks to Sean for providing an gender roles or does it just emit your outward useful way, she’s really concerned with political interesting insight into how he views fashion in Abby Doherty 89 identity and how you’re presenting in general? issues and climate change and how that is Paris and providing his own experiences of how politics and fashion collide. 9
the food spots and Marcel This is the most versatile place on this list; namely cool shots guide due to it being able to cater for Brunch, Lunch and Dinner. While I have only been for Brunch, I was able to see numerous dishes that would easily appeal to your Lunch and Dinner time desires. to paris Many will suggest the French Toast - which is fantastic, but don’t sleep on their Pancakes (yes Pancakes, not Crêpes) with Blueberries and Maple Syrup. Price: 10-20 Euros. Food fanatic Harry Garlick takes you on a brief tour of a wide variety of Parisian restaurants, tried and tested by the man himself. Humm Donuts Wholywood Homer Simpson would be very proud of this one. Speciality doughnuts which are huge Normally I am not swayed by vegan food, but yet simultaneously packed to the brim with Wholywood made me eager to return. This vegan flavour. Some permanent fixtures are a bit more café showcases a wide variety of delicious dishes straightforward, but they also offer special to cater to all your foodie needs for a reasonable doughnuts that change every month and often price. Whether that be a hot-dog or a peanut tailored to fit with the season (Halloween and butter cookie, there’s something for every crowd. Christmas doughnuts sound fun!). Price: 3-5 Euros It is quite small, however, so don’t be surprised if per doughnut. you have to wait a little bit. Price: 5-15 Euros. Olive & Thym Trantranzai Like Wholywood, this place is also very small (fits Many may not realise how many great noodle no more than 20 people) but offers such great places there are throughout Paris, but Trantranzai Mediterranean cuisine that it’s worth a look! is for sure my favourite. They offer not only enticing Conveniently, it isn’t overly expensive, and you are flavours but also a welcoming atmosphere that’s paying for great quality food. If you still have room sure to make you feel at home. I love how you can left after your meal, try the pastries for dessert set how spicy you’d like your dish so that everyone which are a great sweet note to an excellent dining can be happy when they visit! Price 5-15 Euros. experience! Price: 10-20 Euros. 10 11
Piconi Many understand that Paris is an expensive place Cupkie to eat out, so finding somewhere relatively cheap While it may have only opened in December 2019, while still being of great quality seems practically Cupkie is already becoming a firm favourite of ice impossible, right? Well, look no further than Piconi. cream and cookie dough fanatics. With a plethora Piconi offers a Pizza in a cone that can be bought of ways to customise your ice cream and cookie for as little as 5 Euros!! Customise your pizza to dough (with over 40 toppings), you are for sure your heart’s desire or take a look at their own set spoilt for choice. Price: 5-10 Euros. creations: both are sure to satisfy. Price: 5-10 Euros. Pide Pizza Street Bangkok There must be countless ways to make a pizza, so Street food has become increasingly popular as of it’s hard to make it stand out from the crowd. Pide late, and Street Bangkok is taking full advantage of Pizza (originating from Turkey) is a boat-shaped it! There’s a large variety of Thai food on offer, with delight with a great selection of pizzas to choose each site having different takes on Thai cuisine from. There’s a bit more to it than your typical 3am (hence why the names might vary slightly). The Uber Eats pizza order, so expect plenty of great neon lights (which vary depending on which one flavours. Price: 10-20 Euros. you visit) are great for an Instagram shot or two. Price: 10-20 Euros. Mami Bakery Frenchie to go Where do I begin with this bakery? Truly delightful, with such friendly staff, it offers spectacular sweet This is the most expensive place on this list, but and savoury selections. I’d highly recommend the the quality in return for what you’re paying makes it Babka which is essentially a giant chocolate and truly worth it! The Reuben (a toasted pastrami and almond twist, it’s worth every penny; you might cheese sandwich) is their staple and it promises even like to share it! (I know, sharing food is such a not to disappoint. Forewarning, however, this isn’t crazy concept nowadays, right?). If you don’t have suited for the veggie and vegan crowds. If you like eyes bigger than your stomach, you can order your meat and fish, FTG is basically heaven on a smaller, roll form for a few euros. Price: 3-12 Earth! Price: 12-30 Euros. Euros. Instagram: @food_spots_n_cool_shots Written by Harry Garlick 12 13
Paris French Degrees ‘A FRENCH DEGREE IS USELESS; EVERYONE SPEAKS ENGLISH NOW’ and other things people get wrong about language degrees Taken from a real conversation I had just before starting university: Me: Yes, I’m going to be studying French in Paris next September, I’m quite excited! Friend: A French degree? Why would you want to do a French degree? Everyone in the world speaks English already! There’s no need! 14 15
H ow many of you have experienced a personalities and backgrounds; it is through where they were, most likely, not linguistically similar conversation with a friend or extending our reach that we can change our challenged. According to a shared statement, the family, perhaps even someone whose world perspective and learn to understand British Academy, the Royal Society, the Academy opinion you didn’t ask for? I’ll assume different cultures. of Medical Sciences and the Royal Academy of quite a few. You may have also shared similar Engineering, the impact of studying languages doubts about pursuing such a flouncy and 2. The brain works in wonderful ways, especially will not only affect your career but the national pretentious degree. That makes sense too, as when studying a foreign language. According to economy too! They reported, ‘The economic cost we know choosing what you want to do as an research professor, Albert Costa, the advantages of the UK’s linguistic underperformance in terms undergraduate degree can be difficult. of being bilingual ‘aren’t only cultural breadth or of lost trade and investment has been estimated depth, but also better decision-making: we’re less at 3.5 percent of GDP’. If you’re not doing it for It is impossible to ignore the historical prestige instinctive and kneejerk in a foreign language, yourself, do it for the UK economy. We need you! associated with language degrees and the ability more able to be utilitarian and cold-headed’. to speak another language was often associated Therefore, not only are we more culturally aware, 5. Regardless of what people say or think, a and reserved to those at the higher end of the but we are also more chilled people - who would languages degree, whatever language you social hierarchy in the past. More have thought? choose to study, is important and has value in recently, the idea of pursuing “the advantages this current education system, economy and studies in such a domain can seem most importantly society. Equally, as a student ridiculous. After all, what can you of being bilingual 3. Isn’t being bilingual a cool enough reason to study a foreign of a language degree, you are valued and, indeed, do with another language under ‘aren’t only cultural language? Having the capacity to with the right motivation, will become an asset your belt? Go on holiday? I mean, in whichever work domain you join. While it is we are essentially paying nine breadth or depth, but communicate in not one but two true we will have to endure some rather abstract languages is an amazing feat that grand a year so that professors also better decision- should be appreciated more. The and mind-boggling essays that will catch you can teach us niche theories from making” opportunities you are presented questioning why you chose to fork out on the maternalism in late nineteenth- with when you can communicate in twenty-one grand loan, before reaching the century French literature and the more than your mother tongue are working world, it is important to remember the life importance of le français standard in France, boundless. As Nelson Mandela once said, ‘If you skills you will gain through this. Of course, I don’t as opposed to regional dialects, not to mention talk to a man in a language he understands, that mean how to file your taxes or pay bills, don’t get our excellent skills in reproducing immaculate goes to head. If you talk to him in his language, ahead of yourself, it is a languages degree. Don’t copies of cover letters in French. that goes to his heart.’ I remember reading this forget that you will learn how to conduct a sales quote on the wall of my A-Level French classroom pitch in a SECOND language (even if you are Apart from spending three years gallivanting and thinking what a beautiful way of summing selling a ridiculous, imaginary product), you will around Paris, eating baguettes and getting a up the beauty of multilingualism. Sometimes it learn how to successfully, translate professional, splash of French culture, is there a point in our can work out to think with your heart, as well as legal documents in a SECOND language and French degrees? You’ve heard it here first: yes. your head. finally, you will learn to exist in a completely new Here are some benefits you might not have and different country in a SECOND language. considered… 4. Let’s talk about employability for a moment: And that right there is the most impressive thing You. Are. SO. EMPLOYABLE. After studying a you can do with a language’s degree. 1. With French in our arsenal, we can go wherever languages degree, particularly at ULIP, where we wish within the Francophone world. You should never underestimate the importance you have spent three years or more abroad, your brain will be wired in a completely different Written by of building connections with a broad range of way to your peers who remained in a place Chloe Limitsios 16 17
RECETTE DU MOIS 5. occasionally. You want the aubergine to get nice and soft! Add a splash of water if the pan is getting too dry. Add in any other vegetables and the garlic cloves, roughly Shakshuka, also known as Moroccan eggs or eggs in chopped, then sprinkle over about two tablespoons of Ras purgatory, is a delicious and well-balanced meal that I’ve been living on recently. Beautifully stewed veggies with an el Hanout seasoning and a teaspoon of cumin. egg poached on top, tangy feta and rich pine nuts? A recipe 6. Let this cook for around 10 minutes, then add the tinned for perfection. tomatoes, mix, and simmer. Ingredients 7. While it’s simmering, make some garlic bread, have a glass of wine, tidy the kitchen! It needs to simmer for about 15 - 1 aubergine minutes. - 1 large onion or 2 small onions - 3 cloves of garlic 8. When you’re close to serving, make wells in the mixture, - Extra veg of your choice: add beans and pulses, peppers, crack eggs in (1 in each well), cover and let cook. These will courgettes - use what you’ve got! only need about 7-8 minutes in a moderately high heat pan. - Ras el Hanout spice (available in many Indian grocers!) and 9. When the eggs have set, carefully dish into your serving cumin. - Tinned tomatoes bowls. Top with crumbled feta, pine nuts and cracked black - Feta pepper. Parsley or coriander is an optional garnish! - Pine nuts - Eggs, 1 or 2 per person Enjoy! I’m sure you’ll love it as much as I do! Method Written by Alyx Bearman 1. Roughly chop the onion(s), you want each ingredient to be quite chunky so I’d keep the onion pieces at about 2cm wide! 2. In a large frying pan that you have a lid for, fry the onion in some olive oil. 3. Meanwhile, cut the aubergine. Again, slice into thick rounds then quarter each circle. This will stop the pieces disintegrating too much. 4. Add these with an extra glug of oil, a sprinkle of salt, then reduce the heat to medium. Cover the pan, checking 18 19
The People of Paris Harry Garlick Jamie Jones Harry Garlick Chloe Limitsios 20 1921
Harry Garlick Jamie Jones Chloe Limitsios 22 23
Book La chanson douce by Leila Slimani Winner of the Goncourt Prize in 2016, recommendations this psychological thriller is alluring enough to read in one sitting or if you’re not much of a reader, catch the studio canal film adaption of the book to keep your online. Although the book is ‘dark’ and dubbed a ‘killer nanny novel’, it intricately evokes a Parisian feel French fresh within the text with its strong sense of place and culture, perfect for when you randomly get a pang of longing for over summer Paris when sitting back in the UK. Les lettres chinoises by Ying Chen I picked this one up in the basement La tresse by Laetitia Colombani and there are plenty of others left! This one is perfect for some light reading in With three different female protagonists, French as it’s short and uses simple one from India, one from Canada and vocab. A young couple, Yuan and one from Sicily, this book is perfect Sassa, are separated as Yuan moves for emerging into some culture. Each to Montréal and Sassa is reluctant to woman’s poignant story about the leave Shanghai. The book is structured role of hair in their lives connects the as letters between the two, detailing women, whilst highlighting their cultural their difficulties and love. Overall, an differences. Colombani encapsulates easy read with an insight into cultural the hope and determination felt by each differences. woman, as well as the sense of duty and family. Beautifully written and an Bonjour Tristesse by Françoise Sagan international best-seller, intriguing yet realistic - this book is a must-read. Set along the French Riviera with storylines permeated with emotion- fuelled decisions, this is a perfect Dans le jardin de l’ogre by Leila Slimani beach read. A coming of age story comparable to the classic Emma or In some ways, this may be comparable modern Wild Child, the main character to the first of its kind, Madame Bovary, seventeen-year-old Cécile is frivolous but this tale of a bored wife committing but likeable, with the consequences adultery plunges deeper into the harsh of her meddling in others’ lives realities of the act. With a unique female culminating in an unforgettable twist protagonist having no notions of making ending. any effort in her home or work life, often appearing emotionless and constantly making selfish decisions this protagonist Written by Nadia Cusack makes for a captivating read. 24 25
meet jack kelly In the third instalment of Bea’s alumni Has this vision changed since graduation? interviews, she catches up with Jack Kelly Since graduation, I realized that I had and discusses all the things that he’s been a passion for people. I enjoyed offering up to since graduating from ULIP in 2018. support to them through coaching, advice and building relationships with people Tell me a bit about yourself? from all different backgrounds/functions. I’m Jack, from Essex. I joined ULIP in 2015 My vision now is taking an HR approach in studying French with History. I’m currently my career, where I’m currently in the Talent working in London in Talent Acquisition, Acquisition function, as well as studying for using French daily and I sometimes visit my CIPD diploma. our Paris office to conduct interviews there! What memories stand out for you from your time in Paris and at ULIP? Career-wise did you have a vision of what Moving to Paris and studying at ULIP, has direction you wanted to take before/during honestly given me friends for life. The your time at ULIP? challenges of university and adapting to a Though I have always been slightly unsure new culture can be exciting but exhausting of the specifics of what I wanted to do in life, and those friendships are what got me I was determined that it would have to do through. The graduation day was fantastic. with freelance writing. Whether that would To know that you’ve all achieved something, be a journalist, an author, a copywriter or a despite knock backs and difficult times is an translator. Preferring to major in a general empowering feeling. degree, I wanted to ensure that I was still free to follow whatever path I wanted whilst gaining essential writing skills. What advice would you give your younger self/current students at ULIP? Has this vision changed since graduation? Make the most of your time in Paris and at Before joining ULIP, I always had ambitions university. Of course, you can stay in Paris of training to be a Commercial Pilot, after graduation, but it certainly isn’t the having a passion for the aviation industry. same as the student experience. Also, make Although my passion for flying remains, I sure that you’re passionate about these learnt of all the other opportunities that I subjects that you’re taking, as it will make could get stuck into because of my ability the endless reading and essay writing a hell to speak a foreign language. It’s scary when of a lot easier. My only real regret was not you’re at university because you feel as if making use of academic support provided you need to make a decision about your by the tutors and so I’d recommend always life, but you certainly don’t! It’s normal to discussing your essay plans and ideas in change your mind and discover new things. advance. Written by Bea Kessedjian 26 27
La fin, quoi qu’il en soit... my naked body lies exposed Sunday reeling from last night’s fictitious display in our garden all that thrives are nettles and my body is burned from where the ash settles kisses on my neck turn sour and bruise today’s greatest question; which poison to choose? i’m slipping further now i’m constantly dazed no cohesion in this madness we are crazed the creature in the mirror isn’t who i want to see i can’t scrub away the marks left on me the echoes in my head are seeping in once more i can’t bare to clear the waste consuming my bedroom floor familiar objects no longer hold sentiment the weight of my sins is suffocating and i cannot repent there is danger in every secure thing yet the pain is so comforting Written by Lili Prentice 28 29
O Intelligence testing, Immigration and The Great Gatsby riginally, intelligence testing was created as a tool to allow doctors to diagnose people with learning disabilities. However, in response to the influx of immigrants coming to the USA in the late 1800s and early 1900s, immigration officials on Ellis Island began to use intelligence tests to sift out people who were seen by the state as being undesirable, i.e. people with specific medical conditions and physical disabilities or learning disabilities, to deny them citizenship. One of the main issues with intelligence testing is that the data can be manipulated to fit the psychologist’s views. Sometimes, a person’s individual or political biases influence their scientific research and the interpretation of their findings. Deciding who can and can’t enter a country based on their intelligence is dangerously close to practising a form of eugenics, despite the fact that in 1917 the Americans would enter the First World War and ultimately finish describing their participation during both of the world wars as a fight for freedom for all. But apparently, you’re not free to live in America if you’re physically disabled or neuro-divergent. Officials on Ellis Island were very good at singling out people with medical conditions and physical disabilities, but they were not so good at identifying people with learning disabilities. Therefore, in the 1910s Howard Knox and his team developed a series of tests to determine whether each immigrant was mentally fit or not. These tests used reasoning tasks alone to identify the person’s intelligence. Because the interviews were conducted one by one, by the time candidates were being Written by: Emma Jordan seen they had made the dangerous journey by sea, then waited for hours to be seen, so the tests clearly weren’t capturing the individual’s would always be less intelligent than others. white race will be — will be utterly submerged. everyday mental capacity accurately. Nor do F. Scott Fitzgerald, the seminal narrator of It’s all scientific stuff; it’s been proved.” they appear to have made allowances for the the American existence, perfectly captured person’s mental or emotional state, or their the feeling that racism was in the process “Tom’s getting very profound,” said Daisy, native language during the testing. It was not of being legitimised by science in 1920s in with an expression of unthoughtful sadness. an accurate representation of their intelligence. the character of Tom in The Great Gatsby: “He reads deep books with long words in them. What was that word we ——” Unfortunately, eugenics was very popular at this “Civilization’s going to pieces,” broke out Tom time, so many people genuinely believed that violently. “I’ve gotten to be a terrible pessimist “Well, these books are all scientific,” insisted there was an inbuilt difference in intelligence about things. Have you read ‘The Rise of Tom, glancing at her impatiently. “This fellow between groups in society. Francis Galton and the Colored Empires’ by this man Goddard?” has worked out the whole thing. It’s up to us, the craniometrics’ comparisons of people of who are the dominant race, to watch out or different social class or racial backgrounds “Why, no,” I answered, rather surprised by his tone. these other races will have control of things.” reinforced this opinion. Because they believed that a person’s intelligence is fixed and passed “Well, it’s a fine book, and everybody ought “We’ve got to beat them down,” whispered Daisy, on through genetics, certain groups of people to read it. The idea is if we don’t look out the winking ferociously toward the fervent sun. 30 31
33 32 1.Abby Doherty (BA2) 4. Bea Kessedjian (BA3) 7. India Peart-Barr (BA2) 2. Alice Hall (BA1) 5.Chloe Limitsios (BA3) 8. Skye McCoy (BA3) 3. Alyx Bearman (BA3) 6.Ella Hardwick-Allan (BA3) 9. Sophie Weston (BA2) 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 guess the ulip mum
thank you to our Su executive team for 2019-2020 President: Eleanor Pearson Vice President: Chloe Limitsios Secretary: Heather Wright Treasurer: Geraint Davies Welfare Officer: Abby Doherty Education Officer: Bea Kessedjian Heads of Events and Societies: India Peart-Barr and Pheobe Blythin meet our new Su executive team for 2020-2021 President: Vice President: Secretary: Tresurer: India Peart-Barr Clara Dunster Emily Forster Pheobe Blythin Welfare Officer: Education Officer: Heads of Events and Societies: Ellie Kerr Bevin Anandarajah Freya Kershaw and Aysha Hafayed
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