National Education Policy 2019 - Draft - UGC
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Draft
National
Education Policy
2019
Draft National Education Policy 2019 1
The Policy Journey
Process
Composition
of the Discussions with educators, researchers, policy
Committee makers,sector experts, industry, academies,
• community groups,engaged citizens and more
K. Kasturirangan (Chairman)
Consultations with 70 organizations, institutions,
Vasudha Kamat associations and 216 eminent individuals (from July
• 2017 onwards)
Manjul Bhargava
Ram Shankar Kureel Peer Reviewers: Jayaprakash Narayan, P. Rama Rao,
T.V. Kattimani J.S. Rajput, Vijay Kelkar, Aniruddha Deshpande,
• Dinesh Singh, Mohandas Pai
Krishna Mohan Tripathy
Mazhar Asif
M.K. Sridhar
Relevant work and knowledge base from the past
Policies of 1968, 1986 and 1992
Shakila T. Shamsu (Secretary) • TSR Subramanian Committee Report
• MHRD’s Inputs for Draft National Education
• Policy
• Feedback from ground level consultations since
2015
Draft National Education Policy 2019 2
Vision
The National Education Policy 2019
envisions an India-centred education system
that contributes directly to
transforming our nation sustainably
into an equitable and vibrant knowledge society,
by providing high quality education to all.
Draft National Education Policy 2019 3
Rigorous teacher preparation, robust
recruitment, well-defined career path
Overview of the Policy
New vision and architecture for higher
Quality early childhood education education with large, well-resourced,
available for all children between 3-6 multidisciplinary institutions
years by 2025
Every student in Grade 5 and beyond will Broad-based liberal arts undergraduate
achieve foundational literacy and numeracy by education
2025 Flexible curricular structures;
New 5+3+3+4 developmentally- appropriate • Creative combinations of study;
curricular and pedagogical structure for school Multiple exit points
education
Professional education as an integral
Integrated, flexible school curriculum
part of higher education
• Nohierarchy of subjects; No hard separation of
areas; Integration of vocational and academic Empowered governance and autonomy
streams for higher education institutions
100% Gross Enrolment Ratio from pre-school ‘Light but tight’ regulation - separation
to secondary levels by 2030 of functions to eliminate conflicts of
interest
Effective governance through school
complexes National Research Foundation to
catalyze research and innovation
Rashtriya Shiksha Aayog - custodian of
education in India
Draft National Education Policy 2019 4
School Education Draft National Education Policy 2019 5
Strengthening Early The Policy emphasizes the criticality
Childhood Care & of early childhood education and the
Education persistence of its advantages
Quality early childhood care and throughout an individual’s life.
education available for all children
between 3-6 years by 2025
Early childhood education under
Expansion and strengthening of the
facilities with multipronged purview of the Ministry of
approach based on local needs, Education
geography and existing - ensure linkage with the rest of
infrastructure
school education
Special attention / priority to
Right to Education Act extended
socio-economically disadvantaged to all children between 3-6 years
areas and communities
Draft National Education Policy 2019 6Ensuring Foundational Literacy & Numeracy
The Policy recognizes the learning crisis in Three-month school
language and mathematics during the primary preparation module for all
Grade 1 students from 2020
school years and its impact on attendance,
Pupil-teacher ratio under
retention and later learning.
30:1 at every school
By 2025, every student in Grade 5 and beyond Launch of two new
must achieve foundational literacy and numeracy programmes
Measures to attain foundational literacy and • National Tutors Programme
numeracy - focusing on peer tutors
• Increased focus on early language and • Remedial Instructional
Aides Programme -
mathematics in Grades 1-5
instructors from the local
• Expansion of the mid-day meal programme to community
ensure adequate nutrition in these years
Social workers and
• Availability of quality learning materials counselors to help ensure
• Regular learning assessments positive mental health and
retention of all children
Draft National Education Policy 2019 7Ensuring Universal Access & Retention
While deeply appreciating the progress Tracking attendance and learning
in enrollment, the Policy expresses outcomes of enrolled children
concern at our inability to retain all Tracking drop-outs and out-of-school
children in school till Grade 12. children by teachers, social workers and
counsellors
100% Gross Enrolment Ratio from pre-
school to secondary levels by 2030 Programmes for long-term out-of-
school adolescents
Increased intake in existing schools
Multiple pathways to learning - formal
New facilities in underserved locations
and non-formal modes, strengthening
School rationalization supported by of open and distance schooling,
transport and hostel facilities while technology platforms to enable this
ensuring safety of all students, Right to Education Act extended up to
particularly girls
Grade 12
Draft National Education Policy 2019 85+3+3+4 design
New Curricular &
Foundational Stage (Pre-Primary
Pedagogical Structure
o
& Grades 1-2)
Rapid brain development
The Policy envisages a new curricular
Play and active discovery
and pedagogical structure for school
o Preparatory Stage (Grades 3-5)
education that is responsive and
Build on play and discovery
relevant to the needs and interests of
Transition to structuredlearning
learners at different stages of their
development. Middle Stage (Grades 6-8)
Concepts in subjects
o
Structure based on cognitive and socio-
emotional developmental stages Begin navigating adolescence
Secondary Stage (Grades 9-12)
Stages correspond to the age ranges of 3–8,
8–11, 11–14, and 14–18 years, respectively o
Preparation for livelihood and
higher education
Curricular framework and classroom
pedagogy to be based on this structure Transition into young adulthood
Draft National Education Policy 2019 9Transformation of Integrated curriculum
• Equal emphasis all subjects - no
Curriculum & Pedagogy hierarchy of subjects
• No hard separation of curricular, co-
The Policy aims to transform curriculum curricular or extra-curricular areas -
& pedagogy by 2022 to encourage holistic equal status for all
development with minimal rote learning. • Integration of vocational and
academic streams
Flexible curriculum
Curriculum to develop language
proficiency, scientific temper, sense of • Choices for students
aesthetics, ethical reasoning, digital • Reduced curriculum load, emphasis
literacy, knowledge of India, current affairs on key concepts, essential ideas
National Curriculum Framework revised by • Space for experiential learning, allow
end-2020 - made available in all languages for analysis and reflection
Assessment
High quality new textbooks developed in
Indian languages • Test core concepts and skills along
with higher order capacities
Draft National Education Policy 2019 10Equitable & Inclusive
This Policy aims to shape an
Education for Every education system that benefits
Child in the Country all of India’s children.
Special Education Zones in Alternate pathways for recruitment
disadvantaged regions across the of teachers from under-
country to act upon all that is stated represented groups, sensitizing
in this Policy for inclusion of under- teachers
represented groups 25:1 pupil-teacher ratio in schools
National Fund for providing with high proportion of students
scholarships, developing resources from under-represented groups
and facilities for students from under- Creation of inclusive school
represented groups
environments, inclusive curriculum
Targeted funding and support to
Focus on urban poor in addition to
identified districts / institutions for
other under-represented groups
inclusion and access
Draft National Education Policy 2019 11Language
Since children learn languages most quickly between 2-8 years, and multilingualism has great
cognitive benefits for students, children will be immersed in three languages early on, from the
Foundational Stage.
• Home language/mother tongue as medium of instruction
• Exposure to three or more languages to students from pre-school and Grade 1 will be given
• The three language formula will be continued with flexibility in choice of languages.
• Major effort from both the Central and State governments to invest in large numbers of
language teachers in all regional languages around the country, and in particular all
Schedule 8 languages.
• Flexibility in the three-language formula such that students who wish to change one or
more of the three languages they are studying may do so in Grade 6 or Grade 7, so long as
they are able to still demonstrate proficiency in three languages (one language at the
literature level) in their modular Board Examinations some time during secondary school
• A choice of foreign language(s) would be as elective(s) during secondary school
• Sanskrit will be offered at all levels of school and higher education as one of the optional
languages on par with all Schedule 8 languages
• In addition to Sanskrit, the teaching of other classical languages and literatures, including
Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Odia, Pali, Persian, and Prakrit, will also be widely
available in schools
Draft National Education Policy 2019 11Teachers: The Torchbearers of Change
This Policy reiterates the centrality of Teacher career development
teachers - the success of any effort to • Move into educational administration
foster quality education is dependent or teacher education after a minimum
upon the quality of the teacher number of teaching years
Adequate physical infrastructure, Continuous teacher professional
learning resources, pupil-teacher development
ratio
• Flexible and modular approach where
to facilitate teachers’ work teachers choose what and how they
Robust recruitment process want to learn
Redesigned Teacher Eligibility
• No centralized determination of
• Test, followed by interview and curriculum, no cascade-model
teaching demonstration
training, no rigid norms
Teachers recruited to district and • High-quality material for teachers and
• appointed to school complex teacher educators in Indian languages
• Rejuvenated academic support
Practice of ‘para-teachers’ institutions - SCERT, DIET, BITE, BRC,
(unqualified, CRC, CTE, IASE
contract teachers) stopped by 2022
Draft National Education Policy 2019 12Teacher Education
This Policy aims to ensure rigorous Current two-year B.Ed.
teacher preparation in vibrant program to continue till
multidisciplinary institutions. 2030
• After 2030, only those
4-year integrated Bachelor of Education at institutions offering a 4-
multidisciplinary institutions year teacher education
programme can offer the
• Undergraduate programme of study, including
2-year programme
both disciplinary and teacher preparation courses
No other kind of pre-
• Stage-specific, subject-specific programme to
service teacher
prepare teachers from Foundational to Secondary
preparation programmes
stage
will be offered after 2030
• All subjects including arts, sports, vocational Substandard and
education, special education
dysfunctional teacher
• Par with other undergraduate degrees - graduates education institutes shut
eligible for Masters programme down
Draft National Education Policy 2019 22School Complexes: Why School Complexes
• Effective administrative unit
Effective Administration without compromising access - will
& Management of Schools not require physical relocation of
schools
• Enable sharing of learning
The Policy aims to render school
resources e.g. laboratories,
governance more local, effective and libraries, sports equipment & fields
efficient while facilitating the sharing of
resources through school complexes. • Enable sharing of subject teachers,
sports, music and art teachers,
counsellors and social workers
School complex as the minimum viable • Create community of teachers to
unit of school governance work together, support each other
What is a School Complex • Create coherent set of educational
institutions in each geography
• Cluster of around 30 public schools
from Foundational to Secondary stage School Management Committees
within a contiguous geography and School Complex Management
• Comprises one Secondary school and Committees to take ownership
all other neighbourhood public schools
Draft National Education Policy 2019 13Regulation of School Education
This Policy believes that regulation Boards of Certification / Examination -
must become an engine of educational certification of school completion - no
improvement and energize India’s role in determining curricula or
school education system. textbooks
Each SCERT to develop a School Quality
Regulation and operation of schools Assessment and Accreditation
(service provision) carried out by Framework - will be used as the
separate bodies to eliminate conflicts accreditation framework by the State
of interest School Regulatory Authority for
regulation
New State School Regulatory Authority
- independent State-wide regulatory Sample-based National Achievement
body created for each State Survey of student learning levels to
continue - States may continue to
Directorate of School Education - conduct a census-based State
handle operations of the public school Assessment Survey
system
Public and private schools regulated on
SCERT - lead all academic matters for the same criteria, benchmarks and
all school education processes
Draft National Education Policy 2019 14Additional Key Focus Areas Draft National Education Policy 2019 26
Education Technology
This Policy aims at appropriately New National Educational
integrating technology into all levels Technology Forum
of education. • Autonomous body - platform
for free exchange of ideas on
Technology in education to be used to the use of technology to
• Improve teaching, learning and improve learning, assessment,
evaluation planning, administration
• Support teacher preparation and • Facilitate decision-making on
continuous teacher professional induction, deployment, use of
development technology
• Enhance educational access to National Repository of Educational
disadvantaged groups Data - will maintain all records
related to institutions, teachers
• Streamline education planning, and students in digital form
administration and management
Draft National Education Policy 2019 27Integration of Vocational Education
Vocational education must be an Capacity and quality of teacher
integral part of all education - this preparation will be addressed
Policy aims to provide access to National Committee for the
vocational education to at least 50% Integration of Vocational
of all learners by 2025. Education to oversee the effort
National Skills Qualifications
Vocational education as an integral part
Framework detailed further for
of the larger vision of liberal education each of the disciplines / vocations
Vocational education integrated into all / professions
education institutions in a phased ‘Lok Vidya’, knowledge developed
manner over the next decade in India, made accessible to
Focus areas chosen based on skills gap students through integration into
analysis, mapping of local opportunities vocational education courses
Draft National Education Policy 2019 28Adult Education
This Policy aims to achieve 100% Cadre of Adult Education Centre
youth and adult literacy by managers and instructors created
2030, and significantly expand through the National Adult Education
adult and continuing education Tutors Programme
programmes. Existing mechanisms leveraged to
identify participants, community
National Curriculum Framework volunteers encouraged - each literate
for Adult Education member of the community to teach at
least one person to read
Textbooks and learning materials,
Large scale public awareness generated
criteria for assessment and
certification aligned to this Special emphasis on women’s literacy
Framework
Draft National Education Policy 2019 29Promotion of Indian languages
Focus on language, literature, scientific
vocabulary in Indian languages
It is critical to preserve the
truly rich languages and Strong Indian language and literature programmes
literatures of India - the across the country, recruitment of language teachers
Policy will ensure the and faculty, focused research
preservation, growth, and Existing national institutes for promotion of classical
vibrancy of all Indian languages and literature strengthened
languages National Institute for Pali, Persian and Prakrit set up
Mandate of the Commission for Scientific and
Technical Terminology renewed and expanded to
include all disciplines and fields, not just the physical
sciences
• An Indian Institute of Translation and Interpretation
(IITI) will be established, to carry out high quality translations
of materials of importance between various
Indian languages as well between foreign languages and Indian
languages.
Draft National Education Policy 2019 30Higher Education Draft National Education Policy 2019 15
Institutional Restructuring & Consolidation
A new vision and architecture for higher education has been envisaged in the
Policy with large, well-resourced, vibrant multidisciplinary institutions.
Consolidation of current 800 universities Significantly expand reach and
and 40,000 colleges into about 15,000 capacity while building strong
large, well-resourced, vibrant educational communities
multidisciplinary institutions All higher education institutions to
All higher education institutions to be become multidisciplinary institutions,
consolidated into three types of with teaching programmes across
institutions: disciplines and fields
• Research Universities - equal focus on Mission Nalanda and Mission
research and teaching Takshashila launched to catalyze new
architecture
• Teaching Universities - primary focus
on teaching with significant focus on High quality institutions in
research disadvantaged geographies a priority
• Autonomous degree-granting colleges Substantial public investment
- almost exclusive focus on teaching
Draft National Education Policy 2019 16Towards High Quality Liberal Education
The Policy envisages an 3-4 year undergraduate degree with multiple
imaginative and broad-based exit options
liberal undergraduate education • 4-year programme - Bachelors of Liberal
with rigorous specialization in Arts/Education in chosen major and minors
chosen disciplines and fields. • 3-year programme - Bachelors' degree
• Both 3 & 4 year programmes - lead to a
Liberal education with broad degree with honours with research work
multidisciplinary exposure • Exit with a 2 year advanced diploma or a 1
• Imaginative and flexible year certificate
curricular structures
• Creative combinations of
Flexible Masters degree programmes
disciplines of study
• Multiple exit and entry • 2 years for those with 3 year
points undergraduate degree
• Masters and doctoral • 1 year for those with 4 year undergraduate
education provide research- degree with honours
based specializations • Integrated 5 year programme
Draft National Education Policy 2019 17Optimal Learning The Policy envisions a joyful, rigorous
and responsive curriculum, engaging
Environments & and effective pedagogy, and caring
Student Support support to optimize learning and the
overall development of students.
National Higher Education Students assessed not only on
Qualifications Framework to articulate academic aspects but also on broad
learning outcomes capacities and dispositions
National Skills Qualifications Academic, financial and emotional
Framework aligned with the above to support available for students to help
ensure equivalence and mobility attain better outcomes
Choice Based Credit System to be Open and distance learning expanded
revised and improved to allow for Internationalization of education
flexibility and innovation facilitated
Stimulating learning experiences Inter-University Centre for
offered through effective pedagogical International Education set up within
practices selected Indian universities
Draft National Education Policy 2019 18Energised, Engaged & Capable Faculty
The most important factor for the Appropriately designed permanent
success of higher education employment (tenure) track system in
institutions is the quality and all institutions by 2030
engagement of its faculty: this Policy Continuous professional development
puts faculty back into the heart of plan for all faculty
higher education.
Faculty recruitment and development,
career progression, compensation
Adequate faculty in every management to be part of every
institution Institutional Development Plan
Prevalent approach of ad-hoc,
contractual appointments stopped Faculty empowered to make
Faculty recruitment based on curricular choices for their courses;
academic expertise, teaching pursue research with academic
capacities, dispositions for public freedom
service
Draft National Education Policy 2019 19Empowered Governance & Autonomy
in Higher Education Governance
This Policy sees independent, Formation and appointment of the Board,
the Chair and the Vice Chancellor to
self-governed higher education
ensure elimination of external interference
institutions with capable and
- enable engagement of high-capacity
ethical leadership as a driver of people with institutional commitment
educational change.
All institutions free to start and run
All higher education institutions to programmes, decide curricula, student
become autonomous self-governing capacity and resource requirements,
entities develop internal systems for governance
and people management
Higher education institutions to be
governed by Independent Boards Affiliation to stop - affiliated colleges will
with complete academic and develop into autonomous degree granting
administrative autonomy colleges; affiliating universities will develop
into vibrant multidisciplinary institutions
Draft National Education Policy 2019 20Higher Education Governance & Regulation
This Policy aims to set up effective, New General Education Council -
enabling and responsive regulation to develop National Higher Education
encourage excellence and public- Qualifications Framework
spiritedness in higher education. Accreditation as basis for regulation -
National Assessment and Accreditation
Standard setting, funding, accreditation Council - oversee and develop an
and regulation separated - conducted ecosystem of Accreditation Institutions
by independent bodies, eliminating State Departments of Higher Education -
concentration of power and conflicts of involved at a policy level
interest State Councils of Higher Education -
National Higher Education Regulatory facilitate peer support and best practice
Authority - only regulator for all higher sharing
education including professional Common regulatory regime for public
education and private institutions
University Grants Commission - Private philanthropic initiatives
transform into Higher Education Grants encouraged
Council
Draft National Education Policy 2019 21Integrating Professional
Education into Higher Education
This Policy aims to build a Preparation of professionals must involve an
holistic approach to the education in the ethic and importance of
preparation of professionals, public purpose, an education in the
by ensuring broad-based discipline, and an education for practice - for
this to happen, professional education must
competencies, an
not happen in the isolation of specialty
understanding of the social-
human context, a strong ethical Professional education is an integral part of
compass, in addition to the the higher education system
highest-quality professional Stand-alone technical universities, health
capacities. science universities, legal and agricultural
universities, or institutions in these or other
fields, will be discontinued
All institutions offering either professional
or general education must organically evolve
into institutions offering both by 2030
Draft National Education Policy 2019 23National Research Foundation Draft National Education Policy 2019 24
National Research Foundation
This Policy has a strong emphasis Scope of work of the Foundation will
on catalyzing and energizing include
research and innovation across • Funding research in all disciplines
the country in all academic through a competitive, peer-review
disciplines. based process
• Building research capacity at academic
National Research Foundation will institutions across the country
significantly expand research and
• Creating beneficial linkages between
innovation in the country
researchers, government and industry
Autonomous body, set up through
• Recognising outstanding research
an Act of Parliament
through special prizes and seminars
Annual grant of Rs. 20,000 crores -
The Foundation will have four major
increased progressively over the
divisions to start with - Sciences,
next decade
Technology, Social Sciences, Arts and
Humanities
Draft National Education Policy 2019 25Rashtriya Shiksha Aayog Draft National Education Policy 2019 31
Rashtriya Shiksha Aayog
The Indian education system Aayog will comprise eminent educationists,
needs inspiring leadership which researchers, Union Ministers,
will also ensure excellence of representation of Chief Ministers of States,
execution. eminent professionals from various fields
All members of the Aayog will be people
Rashtriya Shiksha Aayog or the with high expertise, record of public
National Education Commission - contribution in their fields, unimpeachable
apex body to be constituted, integrity and independence
chaired by the Prime Minister Aayog will work closely with every State to
Union Minister of Education shall ensure coordination and synergy
be the Vice Chairman with direct States may set up Rajya Shiksha Aayog or
responsibilities related to day-to- State Education Commission
day matters The Aayog will be the custodian of
education in India
Draft National Education Policy 2019 32Financing Education Draft National Education Policy 2019 33
Financing This Policy is committed to raising educational
investment - there is no better investment towards a
Education society’s future.
Increase in public investment by Central and State Rejuvenation, active
Governments to 20% of overall public expenditure promotion and support for
over a 10 year period private philanthropic
Key thrust areas activity in education
• Expansion and improvement of early childhood Smooth, timely, appropriate
education flow of funds, usage with
probity
• Ensuring foundational literacy and numeracy
• Adequate and appropriate resourcing of school Clamp down on
complexes commercialization of
education - ‘light but tight’
• Food and nutrition (breakfast and midday meal) regulation, substantial
• Teacher education and continuing professional investment in public
development of teachers education, mechanisms of
• Revamping colleges and universities good governance
• Research
Draft National Education Policy 2019 34In every epoch of humankind, knowledge represents the sum of what is created
by all previous generations, to which the present generation adds its own.
The motif of the Mobius strip symbolizes the perpetual, developing and live
nature of knowledge - that which has no beginning and that which has no end.
This Policy envisages creation, transmission, use and dissemination of
knowledge as a part of this continuum.
Draft National Education Policy 2019 35You can also read
