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MEDIA KIT 2018 - for a healthier life - Psychology Today
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                                         MEDIA KIT
                                                2018

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Updated: 12/8/17

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HEALTH
Supplemental Science                                       Nature’s Bounty
The freshest knowledge about the vitamins and              From a top chef’s focus on nutrition and taste to a
nutrients that enrich our physical and mental well-        grower’s dedication to the functional properties of
being.                                                     his crops, this feature takes a look at every stage
                                                           of our food, from cultivation to consumption.
Mind Your Body
Tips for improved mood and optimal health,
from ways to get the most out of your doctor
visits to physical and emotional pick-me-ups.

RELATIONSHIPS
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We illuminate the ties that bind us and the                of our social life is one of the most important
pathways to a happier coexistence.                         influences on our mental health.

Sex
The hottest topics in sexuality—from
unexpectedly attractive traits to the meaning
of our fantasies—are unraveled here.
MEDIA KIT 2018 - for a healthier life - Psychology Today
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                                editorial calendar
FEATURES                                                    DEPARTMENTS

January/February
• Cover: Reinvent Yourself at Any Age:                      •    Supplemental Science: Vitamin C
  Change Your Mindset, Change Your Life                     •    Nature’s Bounty: Beer as Health Food
• Personal Space                                            •    Mind Your Body: This Is Your Brain on Daylight
• The Rural Mental Health Crisis                            •    Relationships: Anger and Accountability
• Emotions vs Feelings

    Special Section: RECOVERY ADVISOR

March/April
•   Cover: Depression 2018: A Whole New View                 •   Supplemental Science: Turmeric
•   Infidelity                                               •   Nature’s Bounty: Reinventing Supermarkets
•   The Power of Words                                       •   Mind Your Body: Humiliation
•   How Cities Shape Us                                      •   Relationships: BEing Together

    Special Section: CAREERS IN PSYCHOLOGY

May/June
•   Cover: Love and Loneliness                               • Supplemental Science: Omega Fats
•   The Gut-Brain Axis                                       • Nature’s Bounty: Can You Turbo Charge Your
•   Predatory Behavior                                         Brain?
•   The Secrets of Great Psychotherapists                    • Mind Your Body: Social Support
                                                             • Relationships: The Love Police

July/August
•   Cover: The Changing Shape of Childhood                   •   Supplemental Science: Zinc
•   Digital Fingerprints                                     •   Nature’s Bounty: Nuts as Superfood
•   Resilience: The Art of Adaptation                        •   Mind Your Body: Exercise and the Brian
•   Rethinking Addiction                                     •   Relationships: Listening to Lovers

September/October
•   Cover: Stress: How Much Is Too Much?                     •   Supplemental Science: Prebiotics
•   Telepsychiatry and Chatbots                              •   Nature’s Bounty: The Vegan Wars
•   The Importance of Being Moral                            •   Mind Your Body: Outsmarting Pain
•   In Search of Well Being                                  •   Relationships: Resentment

November/December
•   Cover: Profiles in Leadership                            • Supplemental Science: Quercetin
•   The Meaning of Dreams                                    • Nature’s Bounty: Feeding Your Brain’s
•   Manipulating Memory                                        Mitochondria
•   Breaking Up: The Art and Science of Endings              • Mind Your Body: Getting Self-Appraisal Right
                                                             • Relationships: Bonds at Work

*All editorial content subject to change
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                PsychologyToday.com

                                                                                                       Supplemental Science delivers the
                                                                                                                latest facts, research and information on
                                                                                                              vitamins and other nutritional boosters that
                                                                                                              support brain health and overall well-being.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Topics for 2018
                                                                                                                                                                                          ISSUE                                                                                                                                                                            TOPIC                                                                                                                                                   SPACE CLOSE

                                                                                                                           January/February                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Vitamin C                                                                                                                                                                        11/03/17

                                                                                                                                                         March/April                                                                                                                                                                                                    Turmeric                                                                                                                                                                    01/05/18

                                                                                                                                                                   May/June                                                                                                                                                                                          Omega Fats                                                                                                                                                                   03/02/18

                                                                                                                                                       July/August                                                                                                                                                                                                           Zinc                                                                                                                                                                05/04/18

                                                                                                               September/October                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Prebiotics                                                                                                                                                                  07/06/18

                                                                                                       November/December                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Quercetin                                                                                                                                                                  09/07/18

                                                                              healthSUPPLEMENTAL SCIENCE                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           health                  SUPPLEMENTAL SCIENCE
                                                                      SUPPLEMENTAL SCIENCE                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  SUPPLEMENTAL SCIENCE

                                                                                                           role in the liver and is responsible                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                mood and cognition. But gut bacteria

                                                                                                                                                             Choline                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Facts of
                                                                                                           for transporting fats from the liver to                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             also produce important metabolites

                    6.6%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               and lipids that regulate brain function.

              The Case for Choline
                                                                                                           the rest of the body. Along with the B

                                                                                                                                 I                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 The most effective
                                                                                                                                                T’S THE NEWEST
                                                                                                                                                             Confidential                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     (Bacterial) Life
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Antibiotic treatment   As for   the mind, maintain the best
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                of infection,

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    health
                                                                                                           vitamin folate, choline is needed for
                                                                                                                                                essential ingredient in the

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 SUPPLEMENTAL SCIENCE
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               consumption of a poortroops     among
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            diet,  and the     vast army of bacteria
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          stress
                                                                                                           defanging homocysteine, a substance
                                                                                                                                                dietary cupboard, added                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          “ SMART DRUG”
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    health                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               health
                                                                                                           that undermines the integrity of blood                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              have all been shown  in the    gut andcom-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        to disrupt       you can resist stress and
           The nutrient is essential for brain development and much                                                             in 1998, and its public profile has
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   may be a probiotic
                                             of American adults
           more, but most Americans get nowhere near enough. vessels and is implicated                                                   in cardiovas-
                                                                                                                                been so low that the vast majority of                                                                            SUPPLEMENTAL SCIENCE                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 SUPPLEMENTAL SCIENCE
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               position of the gutrelated
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     bacteria,  disorders
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   affecting  such as depression
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               the substances such  and    anxiety,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        bacteria       says Dinan, ofAntibiotics
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    produce                     Ireland’s used anywhere in or on the
           BY HARA ESTROFF MARANO            consume an adequate                                           cular and Alzheimer’s diseases.
                                                                                                                                Americans do not consume                   enoughisof
                                                                                                                                                                       ➧ Choline        essential for brain                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        to boost learning                           and the signals they University
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       send. ButCollege
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      it may Cork. The        body body’s
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      disrupt the makeup of the biome.
                                                                                                                 As the precursor molecule to
                                                                                                                                it. But choline is a rising nutritional              all- particualarly ofSUPPLEMENTAL                           SCIENCE
                                             amount of choline, a                                          the neurotransmitter acetylcholine,
                                                                                                                                                                       development,
                                                                                                                                star, and recent research is proving it to
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  the                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        SUPPLEMENTAL SCIENCE                                                                                                                  and memory.                                                      response
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               be that diet, antibiotics,     andto   stress
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   stress      intrinsically in-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             also
                                                                                                           choline also serves both memory and                         cortex, the seat of such high-level                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     change the function  volves
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        of the the
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 gutgut
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      inmicrobiome.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          ways                   Hormones
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Germ-free       mice have an exaggerated
                                             nutrient necessary for                                                             be a vitamin so critical for functioning
                                                                                                           muscle function. Did we mention it
                                                                                                                                                                                  evidence that a fiber-poor diet disrupts
                                                                                                                                                                       functions as judgment.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               teers to receive one of two kinds of pre-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               that activate immune released
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          cells,by   the brain’s hypothalmic-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  which,

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                How Much Is Enough?
                                                                                                                                that all food labels must now declare             the balance of gut bugs, drastically                         biotics—fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          hormonal response to stress.
                                             brain development
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Facts                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Deconstructing D                                                                                               pituitary-adrenal         axis in response to
                                                             COGNITIVE                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         by stirring inflammation        in the brain,
                                                                                                           seems to be vital for male fertility?

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               E
                                                           FUNCTIONING                                                          their choline content.                            curbing production of SCFAs. A lack of                       or galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS)—or                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      VERYONE KNOWS THAT
                                                                                                          SYNTHESIS OF
                                                                                                                 The body produces some cho-                              Maternal     deficiency       of  choline                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            induces psychiatric  the   perception of threat prepare the
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       symptoms.
                                             and function.                                             NEUROTRANSMITTER               So far, the most compelling role
                                                                                                                                                                       ➧
                                                                                                                                                                                  SCFAs, scientists say, is a hidden but                       a placebo every day for three weeks. At                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   vitamin D is essential for
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    body     to meet
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              The
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        a challenge or flee from
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    standard        Western diet, high in

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                SUPPLEMENTAL SCIENCE
                                                                                                           line—but only in women, says Zeisel,                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      The Recommended Daily Allowance for Vitamin D is:                                                                                                      chologically and physiologically. The                   Adolescence is     a period    when

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           burden on caregivers was measurably
                                                                                                         ACETYLCHOLINE          of choline is to regulate brain        during    pregnancy
                                                                                                                                                                              develop-
                                                                                                                                                                                  powerful force   permanently
                                                                                                                                                                                                          behind rising rates of               the start and the end of the study, they                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  building strong bones.                                                                                                                                                               saturated fat and sugar, significantly
                                                                                                           because its biosynthesis is tied to es-                     stunts    the                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 400 IU for infants from birth to 12 months.                                                                                                            researchers recorded improvements                  brain connectivityit.    An array of
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     undergoes          changes occurs quickly,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      major
             BRAIN DEVELOPMENT                                                                                                  ment. Maternal intake at the                 start of developing
                                                                                                                                                                                  obesity,      diabetes,brain.
                                                                                                                                                                                                             and such psychologi-              measured cortisol levels for a period                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Yet the so-called sunshine vitamin,                                                                                                                                                                  affects the composition of gut
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               change. It is also a including
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    time whenthe        way the gut functions.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             E Reading
                                                                                                           trogen. Even then, almost 50 percent
                                                                                                                                and during pregnancy is critical for              calde-
                                                                                                                                                                                       ills as anxiety and depression.                         after awakening—an index of the                    ■ The adult human gut microbiota                                                                                                                                   600 IU for people between the ages of 1 and 70.                     produced in the skin as      ■ Most          tissues and
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            it is exposed        to cells in the body have in visuospatial memory as well as a                                                       many
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Onefiresult,     Dinan finds, is an alteration that promote
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              bacteria     in ways

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  lessened. Nevertheless, other trials of
                                                                                                           of women have a genetic variation                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             the sun’s ultraviolet Breceptors                fora vitamin   D.                  blunted hormonal response to stress.               psychiatric disorders        rst appear.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            91%
                                                                                                                                veloping layering of the brain                cortexdeficiency
                                                                                                                                                                       ➧ Choline       in“There are   during   pregnancy
                                                                                                                                                                                                           genes  and products                 neuroendocrine response to stress.                 comprises more than 1,000 species and                                                                                                                              800 IU for those over 70.                                                                            rays, does          lot                                                                                                                                             neuroinflammation and cognitive
                                          studies suggest that adequacy of                                 that compromises their ability to turn                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   The bacterial composition of the                                in the diversity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               According to neurovirologist          Robertof the gut bacteria.
                                                                                                                                the fetus, reports Steven Zeisel,      is nowdirec-
                                                                                                                                                                                  in theinvestigation
                                                                                                                                                                                 under       microbiomeas     that
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 a we absolutely               Responses to emotionally positive and              7,000 strains of bacteria.                                                                                                                                         Most Americans have insufficient (under 30 ng/ml) or frankly        more. It is also proving to be essential
                                          choline during early development                                 estrogen into choline. Boys, men, and                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           In addition      to influencing    dysfunction.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     daily
                                                                                                                                tor of the Nutrition Research                Institute
                                                                                                                                                                       possible   require,”
                                                                                                                                                                                    cause ofsays        Timothy Dinan, profes-
                                                                                                                                                                                                  autism.                                      negative stimuli were also assessed, as                                                                                                                                                                               deficient levels (under 20 ng/ml) of vitamin D.                     for central nervous system   ■ In the                 and D promotes calciummicrobiome may also be responsible
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       gut, vitamin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    growth                                                                                     Yolken, adolescents may         be especially

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  vitamin E supplementation on pro-
                                          may play a role in preventing memory                             postmenopausal women must meet
                                                                                                                                of the University of North Carolina.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     activity. What underlies     absorption.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              the mark-                                     for much of the ebb and flow of symp-              susceptible to the functioning,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    psychiatric eff    there
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          ectsis also growing
                                                                                                                                                                                  sor of psychiatry at University College                      an attentional tilt toward negatives is a          ■ Maintaining diversity of gut bacteria                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           evidence      thatfrom
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         there are particular
               MEMORY                     decline later in life.                         CELL-MEMBRANE     all their needs for choline through                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              toms in such psychiatric conditions as             of gut-bacteria shifts    resulting                            Prenatal stress diminishes the diversity
                                                                                          INTEGRITY AND                         The need continues during the first               Cork, Ireland.         “Withthenarrowing of the              hallmark of anxiety and depression.                protects against frailty in the elderly.                                                                                                                           frontal lobes to the hippocampus.            the later appearanceedly      different effects in two disparate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          of autism-
                                                  But choline’s role is not limited               to       what   they  consume.    Eggs,  chicken,                    ➧ Low choline         intake impairs                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 bipolar                                                                 “windows”        during development                 of themicrobiome.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              of the infant
                                                                                            SIGNALING                           few years of life, when brain growth                  is
                                                                                                                                                                                  microbiota,         there’s  a failure to produce                  “GOS prebiotic intake was associ-                                                                                                                                                                               Vitamin D affects not only dif-                                     biological
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  related traits, as manifest    on a systems is a■common  Vitamin Dactor—  regulates the amount of calcium      in disorder and schizophrenia.                antibiotic use. Infection      prevention

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  gression of Alzheimer’s disease have
                                          the brain. It builds every cell mem-                             turkey, and salmon are top sources.                         structure,     motility, and       energy                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Researchers at Johns Hopkins, for                  and control, in fact,nervous
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       may besystem
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  the next  when its very thresh-
                                                                                                                                especially rapid. Problems with judg-             certain molecules that are essential to                      ated with decreased waking salivary                ■ Depressed people have far less                                                                                                                                   ferentiation of brain cell types             widely used measurethe   of mineral
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               social- calcium, the    which  blood  vitamin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        and its availability for bone growth.
                                          brane and is necessary for the integrity                               The data are worrisome. One
                                                                                                                                ment and anxiety are just two of the
                                                                                                                                                                       of sperm.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         D regulates.                                                                       example, have found a more than five-              frontier of mental old     of responsiveness
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    illness    treatment.            is setChildbirth
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                by the by cesarean section may
                                                                                                                                                                                  normal brain function.”                                      cortisol reactivity and altered atten-             diversity in the microbiome than do those                                                                                                                          from neural stem cells but also              emotional communication.          LowBut the vitamin also has                                                                                                                     diversityto   of restore
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     bacteria that make
                                          of cells and their ability to send and                           recent study, reported in the Journal                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            fold increase in manic episodes among                   The use of probiotics                                     alterup     the
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     composition       of the infant biome to

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  yielded inconsistent results.
                                                                                                                                consequences when maternal cholineA flurry of recent research shows,                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     some brain      tricks entirely          its own.

                                                                                                                                               From
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               tional bias compared to placebo,” the              who are not depressed.                                                                                                                                             neurotransmitter release and the             vitamin D levels in maternal       blood            ■ Multiple           brain functions are modulated
                                          receive signals. It plays an important                           of the American College of Nutrition,
                                                                                                                                deficiency during pregnancy            ➧ Fororadults
                                                                                                                                                                                lacta-    as well as children,                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  From gestation to            vitamin D, including neurogenesis in psychiatric
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      bysenescence,                                         the               patients taking antibiotics.     bacterial balance microbiome.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    is already under    Those periods—pre- and
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              lastingly affect stress responsiveness.
                                                                                                                                                                                  for example, that SCFAs help keep                            researchers report in Psychopharma-                                                                                                                                                                                   calcium signaling that opens the             in mid-gestation and in umbilical                                                                                                                                                 perinatal     development and again at
                                                                                                           found that most Americans do not                            choline is essential for                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     There    is a  direct      channel of com- study  as a treatment      for  psychiatric
                                                                                                                                tion undermines cortical develop-

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         ever, recent      research suggests
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Vitamin Ethat
                                                                                                                                                                                  appetite in check by stimulating the                         cology. Those receiving GOS also paid              ■ Consuming the meat of animals treated                                                                                                                            gates for all nerve activity.                cord blood at birth arevitamin     D carries out developing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            significantly              an array of brain, neurotransmitter release
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    adolescence—may
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       and colleagues be especially                    critical

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     encompasses eight nutrients,
                                                                                                           consume enough choline. Analysis

                                                                                                                                               Food to                                                                                                  In addition to protecting     brain
                                                                                                                                ment. “These are the results                 of mouse
                                                                                                                                                                       neurotransmitter            synthesis.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            physiological                                                                      munication between the gut and the                 conditions. Yolken
                                                                                                           of data from the 2009–2012 National                                    release of satiety         peptides in the in-               more attention to positive than to                 with antibiotics reduces diversity of the                                                                                                                                 Significant evidence that vita-       related to deficits of social   cogni- activities   in thein the      brain,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    adult        a and neuroprotection in
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            brain,                             the                                                                  in creating
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Gut bacteria transferred from
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    susceptibility to or resil-
                                                                                                                                studies,” Zeisel says, “but they likely                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     brain via the vagus nerve, and gut bac-            are now testing whether          probiotic
                                                                                                                                                                                  testines and sending neural signals to                       negative stimuli.                                                                                                                                                                                                     min D levels are neurally important          tion and stereotypic growing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         mannerisms  numberin of studies            show, and                                                                                                                                                 patients with major depression to
                                             The Ages
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            of adults in the United
                                                                                                           Health and Nutrition Examination                                                                                                                                                       human microbiome.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   aging brain.                                                                                                                  ience    to stress throughout              the lifetime.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         the tocotrienols
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   burden may be          even    morechemically known as
                                                                                                                                reflect what happens in people.”                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         it is essential for normal development                                             teria produce specific neural signaling            treatment reduces      the occurrence           of

                                                                                                                                               Mood
                                                                                                        LIPID TRANSPORT                                                ➧ Liver dysfunction,
                                                                                                                                                                                  the   appetite      including
                                                                                                                                                                                                      centers   infatty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   the   brain.  Other               In his own studies,   Dinan  has                                                                                                                                                                                during gestation comes from the              children at age 6.                                                                                                                                                                                                          animals     also transfer depressive-like
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           The   microbiome         not       only   seems

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  tissue from the cumulative
                                                                                                           Survey shows that only 6.6 percent of
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        four  of them
                                                                                                                                      Clinical studies add to             the is astudies                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   molecules by which messages are                    manic episodes in those with bipolar
                                                                                                                                                                       liver,       common     showconsequence
                                                                                                                                                                                                        that specifiofc prebiotics             transplanted fecal matter from                                                                                                                                                                                        Generation R study, a population-                 The autism-likeof     the organ
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          traits  assesseditself. In fact,        maternal

                                             of Choline
                    LIVER FUNCTION                                                                         adult Americans achieve an adequate                                                                                                                                                    ■ It takes less than two weeks for a                                                                                                                                                                                                                                ■ Vitamin           D facilitates memory                                                                                      to set the level of stress susceptibil-   behaviors to the animals.
                                                                                                                                evidence that adequate choline                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           vitamin     D defi                                                                 transmitted to the brain, influencing              disorder.
                                                                                                                                                                       inadequate known        to
                                                                                                                                                                                          choline boost    SCFAs
                                                                                                                                                                                                     intake.       curb   the  neuro-          depressed patients into germ-free                  switch from a good diet to a fast-food                                                                                                                             based study of infants in Rotterdam,         in the study are typical    of those  in ciency consolidation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       during preg-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               by boosting the strength of                                                                          ity, it also plays a role in learning,

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         potent E   antioxidants     than    the tocoph-
                                                                                                           intake of choline. The mean intake is
                                                                                                                                consumption during pregnancy is                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          nancyand  appears
                                                                                                                                                                                  endocrine
                                                                                                                                                                                        gut response to stress, dampen-                        rats. “To our amazement,” he reports,                                                                                                                                                                                 the Netherlands, followed from fetal         autism spectrum disorder             are to interrupt             early brain

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  of oxidative stress, vitamin        may
                                                                                                                                                   The bugs              in your                                                                                                                  diet to induce changes in the microbiota.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         researchers find. Specific strains        Parkinson’s
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        of gut   disease has been linked

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            States fail to consume
                                                                                                           approximately 300 mg a day.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                nerve cell signals.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        tocopherols,      four of them tocotrienols. Stress Cycles
                                                                                                                                necessary for cognitive           capability                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             development,        including the assign-
                                                                                                                                                                                  ing
                                                                                                                                                                                     PREVENTS
                                                                                                                                                                                       secretion       of the hormone cortisol.                “we found that they become far more                                                                                                                                                                                   life onward to identify genetic and          likely influenced by the     same genes.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              A Bug in the System
                                            PREBIRTH & INFANCY                                                   Choline deficiency is now have hidden                 ➧ Normal ways muscle of function                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             bacteria influence fear learning                  and in the microbiome.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              to changes
                                                                                                                                of offspring throughout life. Higher
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     MAY LESSEN
                                                                                                         HOMOCYSTEINE
                                                                                                                                                                                  SCFAs       also  modulate the way the brain                 anxious and they develop anhedonia,                                                                                                                                                                                   environmental causes of normal                                      ment of neural
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Studies of animals subjected       to pre-stem cells           for specific

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         erols, that all the forms of vitamin E
                                            ➧ Spurs development of neocortex,                              implicated in conditions as diverse
                                                                                                           REDUCTION                               helping           you
                                                                                                                                                                       requiresmaster
                                                                                                                                                                                    choline.  your                                                                                                ■ Foods that beget high levels of SCFAs                                                                                                                                                                                                                             ■ There’s evidence that vitamin D deficiency                                                                                  extinction, processes dependent on
                                                                                                                                levels of dietary choline intake during                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  functions.     Asge-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            a result, it may play a role

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      ASTHMA combat Alzheimer’s disease by other
                                                                                                                                                                                     DEMENTIA
                                                                                                                                                                                  processes emotional information,                             a key feature of severe depression.”                                                                                                                                                                                  and abnormal growth. From 2002               natal vitamin D deficiency      report
                                               hippocampus                                                 as fatty liver, atherosclerosis, and    emotions.
                                                                                                                                the first and second        trimesters      BYofHARA
                                                                                                                                                                                  preg-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  from gut bacteria include Jerusalem
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         in thechanges
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  genesis as
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      during development disrupts normal growth
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            of both autism spectrum
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    the amygdala and central to                   anxiety prebiotics and probiotics
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Consuming
                                            ➧ Sets neural pathways for lifelong                                                                                                   keeping       it from   dwelling    on  negatives.                 A plant-rich high-fi  ber–low-meat           artichokes, globe artichokes, onions,                                                                                                                              through 2005, the study enrolled             netic and neurochemical                                                                                                                                                           conditions      such     as PTSD.         The   research
                                                                                                           neurological disorders. Further,ESTROFF Zeisel              ➧MARANO
                                                                                                                                                                          The U.S. Food and Drug

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            an adequate amount of
                                               memory function                                                                  nancy resulted in better performance                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  of dopamine neurons,               putting offspring
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Susceptibility              at risk
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     to psychiatric           disorders may be set by gut                                                                     during    puberty may confer stress
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         disorders     and schizophrenia.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         (and   their anti-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        metabolites) have other
                                                                                                           says, because of possible genetic varia-                                       At the University of Oxford, psy-                    diet is essential for diversity of the             garlic, leeks, chicory, and bananas.                                                                                                                               nearly 10,000 mothers.                       well as behavioral changes       charac-            ofciency
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            schizophrenia.                                                                                                          raises the possibility of engineering
                                                                                                                                on visual memory tasks inAdministration  children at 7 recommends an intake                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    bacteria.                                                                                                                                      resilience and prevent the development

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  mechanisms, notably      through
                                                                                                                                                                                  chiatrist Philip Burnet and colleagues                       microbiome, observes Dinan. And that                                                                                                                                                                                         Using data on over 4,000 of                                         Vitamin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  teristic of ASD. In yet other studies,   D  insuffi                  is a                  BY   HARA     ESTROFF           MARANO

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Vitamin E was identified in 1922, but the
                                            CHILDHOOD                                                      tions all along the multiple metabolic                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        ANXIETY                                                    stress    resistance, especially in sol-
                                                                                                                                years of age, a team of Harvard        of 550 mg of choline a day.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      HPA AXIS                              of psychiatric disorders.
                                            ➧ Test performance reflects early intake                       pathways in which choline is involved,                                 randomly assigned 45 healthy volun-                          maximizes production of SCFAs.                     ■ SCFAs serve as key energy sources for                                                                                                                            the children in the Dutch study,             D deficiency at birth growing
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         has beenproblem
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      tied to in the industrial-                                                       DEPRESSION
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    diers, through a probiotic-rich diet.
                                                                                                                                researchers     has   found.     In    a  recent                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Low     levels of vitamin D are associated

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         important       biological   eff ects  as  well,
                                            ➧ Higher current intake improves grades                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  researchers have so far found that                                  ized world,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  later signs of schizophrenia,          especially
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     known
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      ■in       northerly

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               I
                                                                                                           some people may show symptoms of                    HERE ARE MORE than two pounds of bacteria that make their perma-                                                                   the cells that make up the large intestine.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     gases, and a handful of metabolites                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          decline and an axiom of medicine: “You can’t have a healthy
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             T’S BECOMING                                                                                  When Dinan and colleagues sup-

                                                                                                                                               T                                                                                                  inflammatory effects and transduc-
                                                                                                                                study of 234 Swedish adolescents,

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            vitamin E from food.
                                   MALE FERTILITY:                                                                                                                     ➧ Physiologic needs for choline differ                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            latitudes    and particularlywith increased
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   during win-  risk of cognitive                                                                                                                             The best “smart drug” may be a
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     gestational D deficiency is linked to        to occur along some of     the same
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        tocotrienols were not until 1965.
                                   SPERM MOTILITY                                                          muscle problems and liver dysfunc-                  nent       home     in your     gut,   and  scientists   increasingly     think  of them  as an       called  short-chain   fatty acids  (SCFAs).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             mind without a healthy gut,” as Timothy G. Dinan, one of the world’s                   plied the probiotic Bifidobacterium
                                            ADULTHOOD                            MUSCLE     FUNCTION                            those with the highest plasma                  cholineby ethnic group.
                                                                                                                                                                       significantly                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ter. At least one teamimpairment.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        of researchers                                                                                                                                                        probiotic; boosting the microbiome also
                                                                                                                                                   How the Gut Talks to the Brain
                                                                                                           tion at levels of choline intake that do auxiliary genome, giving you the DNA for powers that would be hard                                                                            ■ The most
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Highly active biologically,    SCFAs abundant SCFAs are acetate,                                                                                                                                                                       genetic fault lines as ASD. It may                                                         foremost researchers on the microbiome puts it. Actually, you can’t                    longum 1714 to 22 healthy male volun-

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         and that people need to consume an
                                            ➧ Maintains visual and verbal memory                                                levels achieved higher grades on                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         predicts that supplements of vitamin                                                                                                                                                                 booststhemlearning and memory.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  be, says Darryl Eyles of Australia’s

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  tion of cell signals. Paradoxically,
                                            ➧ Improves cognitive function                                  not affect other people. Symptoms to  pack   of
                                                                                                                                                         into   your      body    cells.    Cumulatively       they  carry  about    100  times  more   genes        are  one of the many    ways proprionate,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   the gut com-  and butyrate.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 have a healthy anything without a healthy gut. In many ways still not fully                          teers for a month and subjected
                                                                                                                                school tests than those with lower                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       D may markedly reduce        ■ Few         foods contain
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              prevalence          of vitamin D; cod liver oil,
                                                                                                                                                                       ➧ Only    7 percent of American women                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Queensland Brain Institute, that
      ALAMY

                                            ➧ Provides neuroprotection                                     inadequacy cover a wide range:    than lowyour    alreadyOther   crowded chromosomes. Researchers all over the world are try-                             municates with the brain. SCFAs serve                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     understood, the gut influences the integrity of the immune system, metabolism,                       to a specific challenge, they found
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Beyond
                                                                                                                                blood levels     of the   nutrient.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      neurodevelopmentalsalmon,        disorders.   and sardines are the richest sources.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                ALAMY

                                                                                                           energy level, memory loss, cognitive                        consume       the    recommended         amount                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            lack of vitamin D paves the way                                                                                                                                                                                             Specific strains
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           psy- of bifidobacteria and

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         array   of  forms   of  vitamin    E  because
                                                                                                                                             ing to pin down the many ways that the gut bacteria abet human health, a feat that                                      as signaling molecules throughout
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  ■ Low levels of proprionate and butyrate                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     cardiovascular function, to name just a few systems.                                                 reduced levels of stress measured
                                            SENIOR YEARS                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        It’s not clear whether vitamin D                                                         ALTERED                                                        ALTERED

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  however, high levels of some vitamin theThe
                                                                                                           decline, muscle aches, and mood   earns beneficialofbugs         choline.
                                                                                                                                                                                the moniker “probiotics.” This much is known for sure: The                           the body—mobilizing hormones have been and
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              found to contribute to                                                                                                                                                                              for both disorders by disrupting                                                                                                                                                                                            lactobacilli are most linked to positive
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Brain
                                            ➧ Preserves visual and verbal memory                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      METABOLOME                                                    GUT FUNCTION
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         is necessary for brain■growth      Vitamindur-   D is produced naturally in the
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 SHUTTERSTOCK

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              best-known role of all varieties of
                                            ➧ Protects against cognitive decline                           changes or disorders. Many symptoms
                                                                                                                                             microbes       inI 2017
                                                                                                                                                                your       intestines      are a diversified lot, and their very diversity is critical               activating nerve pathways       and many processes in the intestines
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  inflammatory                                                                                                                                                                                                    formation of the nerve cell channels                                                                                                                                                                                        effects on brain and behavior.
                                                                                                                                              JANUARY/FEBRUARY       I PSYCHOLOGY TODAY I 31
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         ing a critical period ofskin     gestation        or to the sun’s ultraviolet
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 by exposure

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         they generally       work in concert.
                                                                                                           are reversible with adequatefor    intake.
                                                                                                                                                  your well-being. That diversity hinges on what you eat.                                                            types of cells to regulate appetite,    en- in the body.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  and elsewhere                                                                                                                                                                                                   through which calcium operates.                                                                                                                                                                           MAY/JUNE I 2017 I PSYCHOLOGY TODAY I 31

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E components may promote           accumu-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         if the brain is sensitive         to the
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      B rays,          vita-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     then   converted to its active form,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          SHUTTERSTOCK, ISTOCKPHOTO (COMPOSITE)

                                                                                                                                                    For most of human history, our ancestors got by on a hardscrabble diet in which                                  ergy balance, body weight, immunity,                                                                                                                                                            Vitamin D is a key player in the health           Despite the many unknowns
                                                                                                                                                                     PROTECTS                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            min throughout fetalcholecalciferol,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         life. Vitamin or vitamin D3, by actions of

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        vitamin E isby antioxidant; it neutralizes
                                                                                                                                             nuggets of nutrients came bundled in indigestible plant material. The human gut                                                       SCFAs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     brain function,   and mood   ■states.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Butyrate is especially important for                                                                                                                            of many body systems, including:             about autism and how it devel-

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  lation in the brain of toxicThe     use of alpha-tocopherol
                                                                                                                                                                                    Neurotransmitters                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                ■ Calcium and other mineral absorption                              D receptors exist in the     first  nucleus
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 the liverofand then the kidneys.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        D Is for Development
                                          32 I JANUARY/FEBRUARY I PSYCHOLOGY TODAY I 2017                                                    was adapted to a diet of more than 100 grams per day of fiber from foraged food.                                              That, at least, is the script. Over the integrity of the gut’s
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  maintaining                                                                                                                                                                                                     ops, Eyles and colleagues believe
                                                                                                                                                                     THE HEART                                                                                                   substances
PT0117_SupplementalScience_R1.indd 31                                                                                                                                               17/11/2016 3:01 PM                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  in the gut                                                       all cells in the brain, and PT0617_SupplementalScience_r1.indd
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                molecular                                   32 I PSYCHOLOGY TODAY I MAY/JUNE I 2017
                                                                                                                                                    Such fibrous foods travel through the stomach and small intestine intact but                                     the past several decades,barrier
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   the typical
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           function. It also protects against                                                                                                                                                                     there may be a broadly applicable                                                                  31                                                                                                                                       3/24/17 9:41 AM
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ■ Bone health                                                       studies show that their             activationof vitamin D deficiency is linked

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         itself may explain why reactive           oxygen,     known to promulgate
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Immune          Vagus                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   ■ Prevalence
                                                                                                                                             eventually meet their match. In the colon, they are fodder                           for resident   microbes,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Spinal       Western diet of energy-dense        foods
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  the development     of colorectal cancer.                                                                                                                                                                       preventive. “Just as prenatal folate

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        a number      of
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 cells/       nerve
                                                                                                                                 ISTOCKPHOTO

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ■ Cardiovascular function                                           regulates early gene expression
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      to increasedrelat-
                                                                                                                                             which work over the resistant carbohydrates (known ascytokines                    prebiotics becausepathways
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       they          has come to supply less than 15 grams                                                                                                                                                                                                        supplementation has reduced                                                body weight, reduced time spent

                                                                                                                                                                                               of cognitive impairment over the sub- BOOSTS       associated
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     IMMUNITY with dementia.
                                                                                                                                             enhance the growth of beneficent gut bugs) by fermenting                              them—    releasing energy,        of fiber a day. There’s mounting
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Vitamin D may be responsible
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ■ Immune modulationfor establishing the architecture                ing to perception, cognition,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  the incidence of spina bifida,” the                 outdoors,memory,   avoidance of sun exposure, and
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  ■ SCFAs have been found to protect
                                 PT0117_SupplementalScience_R0.indd 32                                                                                                                                                    16/11/2016  1:44 PM
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  of the nervous system.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ■ MuscleBYactivity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 HARA ESTROFF MARANO                                     language, and movement—from the

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        oxidative    stress   throughout the body.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   PT0617_SupplementalScience_r1.indd 32                                                                                                                                     3/24/17            9:42 AM
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      widespread use of sunscreens.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         studies in recent
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         pro- years have failed to
                                                                                                                                                                                Intestinal                                                                                                     against diet-induced obesity and                                                                                                                                                                                   researchers report in Molecular Psy-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              IN THE ELDERLY                                                                                                                                                                                                         ■ Prevention of cancer, especially colon,

                                                                                                                                                                                               sequent eight years. The beneficial                      Vitamin E may specifically
                                                                                                                                                                               Epithelium                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         chiatry,  “we speculate    that  prenatal
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               metabolic syndrome.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 SHUTTERSTOCK

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Microbiota                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    prostate, and breast cancers
                                                                                                                                                                                     Lumen                                                                             SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER I 2017 I PSYCHOLOGY TODAY I 31
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     ■ Glucose regulation and prevention          vitamin D supplementation may                       ■ Sunscreens with an SPF of 8 or more appear

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         show    signifi  cant  benefi   ts of vitamin     E
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      NOVEMBER/DECEMBER I 2017 I PSYCHOLOGY TODAY I 33
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        of diabetes                               reduce the incidence of ASD.”                       to block vitamin D-producing UVB rays.

                                                                                                                                                                                               effects of vitamin E in the diet were              tect the aging body against infection
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         supplementation                At the
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   against      cellular level, the most important
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            cardiovas-
                                                                                                                             PT0917_SupplementalScience.indd 31                                                                                                                                                  7/12/17 12:42 PM
                                                                                                                                                                       32 I PSYCHOLOGY TODAY I SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER I 2017                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         34 I PSYCHOLOGY TODAY I NOVEMBER/DECEMBER I 2017

                                                                                                                                                                                               dependent on normal cholesterol                    and cancer by preserving      immune
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      PT1217_SupplementalScience_r2.indd 33                                                                                                                                                             9/28/17 9:47 AM

                                                                                                                                                            PT0917_SupplementalScience.indd 32
                                                                                                                                                                                               levels in the blood.                               function. Studies show cular
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             thatdisease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    among   in healthyaction
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          people,   even E is preventing the
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 of vitamin               7/12/17 12:43 PM                                                                                                            PT1217_SupplementalScience_r2.indd 34                                                                                                                              9/28/17 9:47 AM

                                                                                                                                                                                                    In a double-blind placebo-con-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                             CONTROLS                                    though     population-wide
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  the elderly, vitamin E supplementa-                       studies
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        oxidation     sug-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     of  polyunsaturated fats in
                                                                                                                                                                       CHECKS CELLULAR
                                                                                                                                                                          SENESCENCE                                       INFLAMMATION
                                                                                                                                                                                               trolled study of 561 American veterans                                    gest thatdecline
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  tion counteracts age-related        consumptionlipid-rich
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        of vitamin     E–membranes.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    cell
                                                                                                                                                                                               with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s                                         rich  foods
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  in some populations of immune cells.  lowers    the incidence     of both
                                                                                                                                                                                               disease, supplementation with 2,000
                                                                                                                                                                                               international units of alpha-tocoph-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         heart
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        There is much that
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         on the
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  trying to figure out about
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 disease
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             science
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                vitamin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            and dementia.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         is still               Research
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Tocotrienols
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   tocotrienols, latecomers
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        antioxidant
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         have 40 to 60 times more
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    to power
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        the than tocopherols;
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Editorial Contact
                                                                                                                                                                                               erol daily, an unusually high dose,
                                                                                                                                                                                     GUARDS AGAINST
                                                                                                                                                                                               significantly slowed cognitive decline
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  E—including how much
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  PRESERVES SKIN to consume. Although the
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         vitamin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     E party, is only in its infancy.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              we ought                                        Hara Estroff Marano
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        animal studies suggest they may
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     vitamin E compounds curb
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  recom-
                                                                                                                                                                                       COLON CANCER                                                                                                     especially protect the brain after a stroke.
                                                                                                                                                                                               over the next five years. Vitamin E–               mended daily amount    theisrogue
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         ated
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               15 mg molecules
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                bynot
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        (22.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    theyet
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      of oxygen gener-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          body’s myriad chemical
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Editor-at-Large/Health & Nutrition
                                                                                                                                                                                               treated subjects did better at maintain-           IU) for adults, research   has                        The body does not synthesize vitamin E;
                                                                                                                                                                                               ing activities of daily living, and the            established the optimalreactions
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              intake.and limit the harm such
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         molecules do to tissue.itAs      must       Email: hmarano@psychologytoday.com
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 be obtained through diet.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              antioxi-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         dants, they are especially protective

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   E-ssential!
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         of cell membranes, and         The
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          playU.S. government
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 a signifi  -      recommends

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        The Other Side of VITAMIN E      cant role in maintaining
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         of nerve cells in the cerebral
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        that
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           theadults   consume 15 mg (22.4 IU)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                integrity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        of vitamin    E daily. The optimal dose of
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                cortex,
                                                                                                                                                                   Vitamin E is as necessary   Tocotrienolsas oxygen,
                                                                                                                                                                                                              have beenbut      just
                                                                                                                                                                                                                           called  thehow
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       vitaminmuch E of the 21st century.rich as they are in the polyunsaturat-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        vitamin E is not known.
                                                                                                                                                                   we need is still up in the air. BY HARA ESTROFF MARANO                                                ed omega-3 fat DHA and other lipids.
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		 and label it “Page 1/Side A”).
3. All skids must be secured, wrapped and banded with plastic banding, not metal.
4. The total height of the skid can be no more than 45”, the dimensions of which must be no more than 48” long by
   40” wide and not less then 46” long by 36” wide.

Quad/Graphics reserves the right to refuse delivery of materials that do not meet the packaging requirements OR to
repackage the materials for a fee (based on prevailing rates) OR to require the materials be picked up by the Customer.

Quad/Graphics Job Number
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Quad/Graphics job number is not available, the BOL must include the title and issue of the product being delivered.

Scheduled Delivery Appointments
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appointment, delivery will not be refused, but will be delayed until the receiving schedule permits an unscheduled delivery. When
calling please specify “Insert Receiving.”

                                                       Issue           Job           Proof & Stock Due at Insert Due at
  Printer’s address                                   Months          Number *        Psychology Today ** Quad/Graphics
  Quad/Graphics, Inc.
  56 Duplainville Road                            Jan/Feb ‘18 		       B73M9H		             11/10/17 			         11/29/17
  Saratoga Springs, NY 12866                      Mar/Apr ‘18 		       B8083C 		           01/12/18 			         01/31/18
  Attention: Receiving                            May/Jun ‘18 		       B8083D 		           03/09/18 			         03/28/18
                                                  Jul/Aug ‘18 		       B8083E 		           05/11/18 			         05/30/18
  Appointment phone number:
                                                  Sep/Oct ‘18 		       B8085L		            07/13/18 			         08/01/18
  518-581-4182 (7am—5pm EST)
                                                  Nov/Dec ‘18 		       B8085M		            09/14/18 			         10/03/18
  Insert Delivery: 7am—5pm EST
                                                  * JOB NUMBER must be clearly marked on all boxes of inserts sent to printer

     ** Before printing, you must mail the 8.25” x 10.75” insert ad creative proof (labeled side A/front of insert)
              and two samples of the actual insert stock (labeled with the stock weight) for approval, to:
           Psychology Today/Production Department 115 East 23rd Street, 9th Floor New York, NY 10010

                                                    Questions
    Ray Ramcharitar, Production Director • 212-260-7210 x208 • 212-260-7566 fax • ray@psychologytoday.com
for a healthier life

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