Liverpool-Capital of Culture: an interdisciplinary opportunity? - Karl Donert National Teaching Fellow, Liverpool Hope ...
←
→
Page content transcription
If your browser does not render page correctly, please read the page content below
Liverpool-Capital of Culture: an interdisciplinary opportunity? Karl Donert donertk@hope.ac.uk National Teaching Fellow, Liverpool Hope University Coordinator: HERODOT Network http://www.herodot.net
Liverpool-Capital of Culture: an interdisciplinary opportunity? Four themes: Capital of Culture Liverpool 2008 CoC Research Interdisciplinarity and CoCs
European Capital of Culture Officially: a city designated by the European Union for one year given a chance to showcase its cultural life and cultural development. cities have used the City of Culture year to transform their cultural base and the way they are viewed internationally
European Capital of Culture
launched June 13, 1985 by the Council of
Ministers
initiative of the Greek Minister of Culture Melina
Mercouri
cultural and socio-economic impact (Garcia,
2005)
major events can be used for widespread urban
regeneration (Garcia, 2004)
García, B. (2005) “De-constructing the City of Culture: The long term cultural legacies of Glasgow 1990” in:
Review Issue of Urban Studies, 42, 5/6, 1-28
García, B. (2004) “Urban Regeneration, Arts Programming and Major events: Glasgow 1990, Sydney 2000 and
Barcelona 2004” in: Gibson, L. & Stevenson, D. (Eds) Special Issue of the International Journal of Cultural
Policy: Urban Space and the Uses of Culture (vol 10, n 1) (pp. 103-118)
Liverpool European Capital of Culture 2008
Liverpool - Capital of Culture Years 2003 - Celebrating Learning 2004 - Faith in One City 2005 - Sea Liverpool 2006 - Performance (Sports, Art, Business) 2007 - 800th Birthday 2008 - European Capital of Culture 2009 - Environment 2010 - Innovation
Liverpool Capital of Culture 2008: goals Positive place marketing ‘Rocket Fuel’ for regeneration Increase in investor interest and confidence 14,000 jobs supported over £2bn investment in the city to support Capital of Culture at least 1.7 million extra visitors by 2008 World Discovery Centre – a huge arts and heritage centre
Liverpool 2008: Main Objectives world class programme of artistic events re-position the city sustainable template for European city regeneration
CoC Research: the issues
Jones and Wilks-Heeg (2004) analyse the political,
economic and social contexts of Liverpool's
successful bid to become European Capital of Culture,
2008.
urban entrepreneurialism and community involvement
re-branding of Liverpool as 'The World in One City'
threatens to transform the real city into culture as
economic development
Stobbard (2002) reminds us that the same was true in
the 18th century, with a resulting loss of cultural space
Jones P and Wilks-Heeg S (2004), Capitalising culture: Liverpool 2008, Local Economy, 19 (4), 341 - 360
Stobart J (2002), Culture versus commerce: societies and spaces for elites in eighteenth-century
Liverpool, Journal of Historical Geography, Volume 28, Number 4, October 2002 , pp. 471-485(15)CoC Research: marketing and media
Reason and Garcia (2007) examine Glasgow’s year as
European City of Culture in 1990 as told through the
news media. They explore the successes and failures
of the approach taken and assess its potential for
development and employment in other contexts.
Image of Liverpool and CoC is addressed by Shukla et
al. (2006)
Nobili (2006) compares the ‘place branding’ in the
marketing mix of Liverpool and Genoa as CoCs
Reason M and Garcia B (2007), Approaches to the newspaper archive: content analysis and press
coverage of Glasgow’s Year of Culture , Media, Culture & Society, Vol. 29, No. 2, 304-331
Shukla, Paurav, Brown, Janice and Harper, Donna (2006) Image association and European capital of
culture: Emprirical insights through the case study of Liverpool. Tourism Review, 61 (4). pp. 6-12
Nobili V (2006) The role of European Capital of Culture events within Genoa's and Liverpool's branding
and positioning efforts, Place Branding (2005) 1, 316–328CoC Research: the process
Favre (2004) focuses on the success factors of the bid by
Liverpool, exploring challenges faced to create and
sustain a long-lasting and distinctive appeal to ensure
long-term benefits
Ben Tovim (2003) explores the present and possible
futures for Liverpool
Binns (2005) explores issues related to capitalising on
culture in terms of urban regeneration, with a plea for
holistic policy
Favre, C. (2004), Liverpool: winning and sustaining the European Capital of Culture title, Hospitality
Review, 2004 (Vol. 6) (No. 3) 5-13
Ben Tovim R (2003), futures of Liverpool, in Munck R Reinventing the City?: Liverpool in Comparative
Perspective, 227-257, Liverpool, Liverpool University Press
Binns L (2005), Capitalising on Culture: an evaluation of culture-led urban regeneration policy,
http://www.dit.ie/DIT/built/futuresacademy/publications/docs/CAPITALISING-ON-2005.docCoC Research: the outcomes
Symbolic capitals (Aiello and Thurlow, 2006)
Kokosalakis et al. (2006) review the projected
image campaign and the influence of the
media and the promotion of culture on city
regeneration in Liverpool
Aiello G and Thurlow C (2006), Symbolic Capitals: Visual Discourse and Intercultural Exchange in the
European Capital of Culture Scheme, Language and Intercultural Communication 6(2), 148-162
Kokosalakis C, Bagnall G, Selby M and Burns S (2006), Place image and urban regeneration in Liverpool,
International Journal of Consumer Studies 30 (4), 389–397CoC Research: culture and cities
convergence between culture and economic
development (Miles, Hall and Borden, 2003)
culture more important – for economic returns
City is an event – actors and spectators
Ideas formed and transformed - create our way
of life – architecture, fashion, travel
Miles M, Hall T and Borden I (eds.) (2003), The City Cultures Reader, RoutledgeCity as Culture (Bianchini, 1999)
reinvent the ‘industrial’ city into a creative
knowledge economy (Landry, 2000)
selling the place, images of place
culture as a source of urban renewal
hallmark infrastructure (waterfront)
major events
ephemeral versus permanent activity
local and international focus
Bianchini, F (1999) Cultural Planning in: Greed, C Social
Town Planning London: Routledge.
Landry C (2000) The Creative City: A Toolkit for Urban
Innovators, London: Comedia,City as Culture (Zukin, 1996)
economy based on tourism, media,
entertainment and education
Culture as ethnicity
Culture as aesthetic
Culture as marketing
Redevelopment of city centre spaces
Zukin S (1996), Space and Symbols in an Age of Decline, in
Re-Presenting the City. King A (Ed.), London: Macmillan. Pp.
43-59City as Culture (Scott, 2000)
culture produced through unique urban
communities
anchored to particular places
social relations between economic functions
cultural experimentation and renewal is high in
these locations
Scott AJ (2000), The Cultural Economy of Cities: Essays on
the geographies of image producing industries, London: Sage.City as Culture
consumption from further away … globalisation
issue of retaining character – competitive
branding – often artificial, not authentic (Miles et
al., 2000)
consumers want unique experiences
theme Park versus original (Kearns and Philo, 1993)
Miles M; Borden I and Hall T (Eds.) (2000), The City Cultures
Reader, Routledge, London
Kearns G and Philo C (1993), Selling Places: The City as
Cultural Capital, Past and Present, Pergamon, OxfordWhat research has been done?
Historical
The Achievement
News and media
The application
Impacts
Marketing – image and brand
City as culture
Effects and implications
Political -transformation
Economic - regenerationInterdisciplinarity What it is? Why consider it? How does it relate to Capitals of Culture and higher education?
Interdisciplinarity: what is it?
Confusing terminology:
Transdisciplinary, interdisciplinary and
multidisciplinary are all used
They all:
describe the organisation of knowledge geared
to the solution of practical problems
seek to overcome disciplinary boundaries
draw on different fields of expertiseInterdisciplinarity: what it is NOT?
Confusing terminology:
Multidisciplinary research occurs when several
disciplines work in parallel
Normally with independent goals
With minimal communication
Transdisciplinary activity is integrated where functions
and expertise overlaps
Implies the act of crossing disciplinary boundaries
Explain one subject in the terms of anotherInterdisciplinarity Disciplines collaborate in an integrated way in the research (and learning) process Integration of knowledge from the disciplines being brought to bear on an issue Disciplinary knowledge, concepts, tools, and rules of investigation are considered, contrasted, and INTEGRATED in such a way that the resulting understanding is greater than simply the sum of its disciplinary parts.
Interdisciplinarity: what is it? real interdisciplinary thinking means the use of each discipline as a valid source of knowledge in its own right and a valuable contribution to the discussion at hand Interdisciplinary approaches typically focus on problems felt by the investigators to be too complex or wide-ranging to be dealt with using the knowledge and methodology of a single discipline
Interdisciplinarity: definition What it is? Why consider it? How does it relate to Capitals of Culture and higher education?
Interdisciplinarity: why consider it? discipline-based model dominant in most universities controls resources for teaching, research, and other activities Bologna changes in education and training imply: a redesign of educational management reform of learning (student-centred) some authors (Barnett, 2003; Dawson, 2003) consider a lifelong learning perspective is essential the learner is engaged in the lifelong process of trying to live in the world fully and engage with its paradoxes and contradictions
Interdisciplinarity: why consider it?
Under Bologna:
new courses that provide relevant skills and approaches for
employability within European society
the Council of Ministers (2000) stated that Europe needs academic
approaches which are increasingly interdisciplinary
European Student Association (ESIB, 2004) suggest Europe needs
academic approaches which are increasingly interdisciplinary
students need a conceptual tools to understand the modern
world, while contributing to the social and economic development of
member states and the establishment of democratic citizenship.
higher education has so far paid little attention to this and to this
point paid it has struggled to come to grips with these needs
Council of Ministers (2000), Recommendation Rec(2000)24 of the Committee of Ministers to member
states on the Development of European Studies for Democratic Citizenship, Committee of Ministers,
adopted on 20 December 2000, Council of Europe, Strasbourg
ESIB (2003), Bologna and interdisciplinarity, National Union of Students in Europe http://www.esib.orgInterdisciplinarity: why consider it?
Market-orientation directs universities towards practical,
entrepreneurial objectives that will increasingly engage them in an
interdisciplinary world
Murray (2004) suggests that universities need to remove barriers to
and create mechanisms for much more interdisciplinary
undergraduate and postgraduate education.
Many courses remain within traditional boundaries
Academics seek to protect their own space to exclude others.
New demands on education has resulted in activities that merge or
combine fields, thus pushing the limits of academic activities into
new territories.
Working in a genuinely interdisciplinary way is considered to be
extremely challenging and thus worthy of significant interest
(Barnett, 2003).
Barnett, R. (2003) Beyond all Reason: living with ideology in the university, SRHE/Open University Press
Murray B (2004),Weaving an interdisciplinary education, Enquiry-based courses
http://www.ous.pdx.edu/main.htmInterdisciplinarity: why do it? (Nisani, 2006)
Creative Breakthroughs:
involves linkage of previously unrelated ideas
Cross-disciplinary Oversights:
Errors or omissions can be best detected by people familiar with two
or more disciplines
Intellectual, Social, and Practical Problems:
Many problems require holistic approaches.
Unity of Knowledge:
Impossible to become an expert in everything. But we should not
forget how much we don't know or cannot know.
interdisciplinarity can help us see the various components of human
knowledge for what they are: pieces in a panoramic jigsaw puzzle
Moti Nissani (2006), Interdisciplinarity. What? Where? Why? http://www.is.wayne.edu/mnissani/PAGEPUB/ispessay.htmInterdisciplinarity: Capitals of Culture? What it is? Why consider it? How does it relate to Capitals of Culture and higher education?
Capital of Culture
To experience Europe
To understand EuropeInterdisciplinarity and Capitals of Culture
An opportunity for members of UNeECC to
consider the sort of research should we be
undertaking?
Should UNeECC seek to create such
interdisciplinary research teams?
If the answer is ‘yes’
What sort of preparation for interdisciplinarity
should we be trying to provide in our
universities?Interdisciplinarity: how might we deal
with studying Capitals of Culture?
Some interdisciplinary research approaches that could be tried include:
blended research, with an emphasis on academic enquiry
blending perspectives from different subject areas, bringing in
experts (Evenback and Williams, 1998)
linking viewpoints
drawing in materials and expertise from cross-disciplinary sources
comparing and contrasting approaches and blending perspectives
linking studies in different disciplines
to establish a “research community" approach, to cement
connections between researchers and their students (Davis, 1996)
Evenback S and Williams G (1998), Learning communities: An instructional team approach, Metropolitan
Universities, 9, 35-47
Davis JR (1996), Interdisciplinary Courses and Team Teaching: New Arrangements for Learning,
American Council on Education/Oryx Press Series on Higher Education, New YorkInterdisciplinarity: Conclusions Literature almost entirely relates to the USA, little or no research or analysis has yet been undertaken in a European context European Capitals of Culture provide us with an opportunity Discussion …..
Invitation to you and your
students to visit Liverpool
The Big Hope – June 2008
http://www.hope.ac.uk/thebighope
HERODOT Conference
4-7 September 2008
http://www.herodot.netYou can also read
