Lifelong guidance system in France - Centre Inffo
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Lifelong guidance system
in France
CONTENTS
2 GUIDANCE’S DEFINITIONS
3 POLICY AND STRATEGIES
4 INITIAL GUIDANCE
6 CONTINUING GUIDANCE
8 PROFESSIONALIZATION
OF COUNCELLORS
Lifelong guidance in France
Euroguidance Network Publication
When France chose the theme of guidance as In addition, there is a wide range of organisations
focus for the French presidency of the Council that provide information and guidance advice.
of the European Union, it was no doubt far from This wide variety of information, guidance and
imagining that this work would lead to the advice structures differs depending on the target
development and adoption, on 21 November groups, the types of services offered, the status of
2008, of a resolution aimed at «better integrating the institutions or the origin of their funds.
lifelong guidance into lifelong learning strategies». The French system may therefore appear
However, in France, vocational training depends complex. The education and vocational training
as much upon the initial curriculum as on a reforms introduced in 2013 and 2014 have
highly-developed continuous curriculum. This partly modified the guidance system. Their aim
dichotomy has consequences for the guidance is to increase the autonomy of individuals when
system which, even though it forms part of making choices about their careers. National and
the European strategy for lifelong guidance, regional operators work together to guarantee
nevertheless continues to be impacted by an that all assets benefit from a consistent and
approach that is split between the conflicting uniform service over the whole of the country.
ideas of initial guidance and continuous guidance. In this brochure, the Euroguidance-France
This observation also applies to policies, and network describes the main characteristics of
therefore strategies, in the area of guidance, with the French lifelong guidance system - strategies,
an additional tier - the territory, involving measures stakeholders and resources, with the emphasis
at the national and regional levels. placed on a range of current topics of concern.
GUIDANCE’S DEFINITIONS
Guidance is the result of a continuous process The public lifelong guidance service is thus
aimed at developing and implementing a designed to guarantee everybody access
personal training and social insertion project to free, full and objective information on
that individuals carry out based on their careers, training, certification, opportunities
aspirations and abilities. and compensation levels, as well as access to
Under the right to education each individual networked services that offer quality guidance
has the right to be informed, advised and advice and support.
supported in regard to career guidance, Extracts from the Law of 24 November 2009 in respect
whether initial or continuous. of lifelong guidance and vocational training.
2
Guidance as a
capacities and competences. Guidance covers
continuous process enables
a range of individual and collective activities
citizens at any age and at any point in their lives
relating to information giving, counselling,
to identify their capacities, competences and
competence assessment, support, and the
interests, to make educational, training and
teaching of decision-making and career
occupational decisions and to manage their
management skills.
life paths in learning, work and other settings
Definition adopted by the resolution of the Council of
where it is possible to acquire and use these the European Union of 21 November 2008
POLICY AND STRATEGIES - NATIONAL/REGIONAL SHARING
In the middle of the 2000s, a number of The continuous guidance services are very
reports revealed the true complexity of the often co-administered by the Ministry in charge
French system and its main consequence - the of Employment and Work, and by the Regions.
potential beneficiaries of guidance counselling They are responsible for informing and guiding
were confused. One of the solutions was to assets, adults seeking jobs, who wish to change
create, in 2009(1), a (national) public guidance career path, who choose or are required to
service. be professionally mobile, or who desire to
However at the same time, the Regions and acquire additional competences. Organisations
regional and local authorities, had gradually involved in reception, guidance, information,
brought about the decentralisation of the support (AOIA - accueil, orientation, information,
«vocational training» competence to their accompagnement) are structured in networks
advantage. As a result, basing themselves on at the national level, with territorial locations
the principle of a global approach to guidance- extending sometimes as far as the living area
training-insertion for individuals, as early as or labour pool. There are almost 9,000 such
2004 the French Regions claimed control over structures in France.
«guidance». To respond to the rules underlying any public
In 2014 (2) a single law instituted the final stage service (access to free, full and objective
of the decentralisation of «vocational training» information), information on careers, training,
and the (first?) stage of decentralisation of certification, opportunities and levels of
«guidance». compensation is made available based on two
major systems. At the national level, there are
Thus, since 1 January 2015, a regional public
skills and capabilities observatories managed
guidance service (SPRO - service public régional
by social partners, and at the regional level, the
de l’orientation) was created in response to user
resource and information centres de (Centres
expectations, whilst at the same time taking
for training co-ordination, resources and
into account the economic development of the
information known as ‘CARIF’).
territories. The regional territory has become
the level at which the actions of the guidance Finally, apart from the policies and strategies
structures are coordinated. introduced by public decision-making bodies,
private guidance centres and private press
The law of 2014 states that «The State defines,
agencies such as L’Etudiant and Studyrama,
at national level, the guidance policy for pupils
offer information and guidance services to
and students in schools and higher educational
secondary school pupils and students. In
institutions» and «the Region coordinates the
competition with public service structures, and
actions of the other organisations involved in
unlike them, these organisations offer paying
the regional public guidance service».
services.
The Region is also responsible for «the creation
of the professional development council» and
(1) Law n° 2009-1437 of 24 November 2009 related to
providing «an information role, in particular in
lifelong guidance and professional training
respect of training and the validation of prior
(2)
Law n° 2014-288 of 5 March 2014 related to
experience». professional training, employment and social
The initial guidance services are administered democracy
by the Ministry of National Education, Higher
Education and Research although other
Ministries may be involved in providing further information : www.cnefop.gouv.fr portal
information, such as the Minister for Urban of the National Employment, Professional Training
Affairs, Youth and Sports and the Minister and Guidance Council, responsible in particular
of Agriculture. The guidance services of the for promoting dialogue between the various
Ministry of National Education target general stakeholders (decision-making bodies, financiers,
and professional secondary education service providers) and for assessing the policies
establishments along with higher education and strategies in its areas of competence including
establishments. guidance.
INITIAL GUIDANCE
Principal structures, some tools
For reasons of simplicity only the main guidance
networks are presented here. For the initial
training of young people and students, two main
networks that depend on the Ministry of National
Education, Higher Education and Research are
located across the whole of the country - the
network of the Information and Guidance Centres
(CIO - Centres d’Information et d’Orientation) and
the network of the Joint University and Guidance
and Professional Insertion Services (SCUIO-IP -
Services Communs Universitaires
d’Information et d’Orientation et
de l’Insertion Professionnelle).
The CIOs accept applicants
from all walks of life and
prioritise young people at school
and their families. Main activities
- information on studying,
professional training, qualifications
and professions, individual
counselling, organisation of exchanges
and discussions between partners in
the education system. Counselling
4 psychologists who work there will also visit
secondary schools (collèges and lycées),
they are responsible for the school adjustment
of pupils and are involved in preventing and www.education.gouv.fr
reducing the dropout rate. They support pupils www.enseignementsup-recherche.gouv.fr/
in obtaining lifelong career decision-making pid24842/orientation.html
skills. At the same time, they are responsible for
ht t p ://ed u s col.ed u cat i on.f r/ci d 48057/
and co-ordinate the organisation of information
orientation-priorites.html
provided to pupils on self-awareness, activities
to promote discovery of the world of business www.onisep.fr
and work, in partnership with the educational www.cidj.com
teams. Finally, they act as technical advisers
to headteachers to put in place a customised
guidance programme, in accordance with
national policies.
The SCUIO-IP are present for students in all
universities, and are often associated with
professional integration help desks. Main
activities - providing information on university
curricula, monitoring and providing help to
students in the form of tutoring and support,
support for their training project and for
creating their career plan in the form of one-
on-one meetings and counselling, information
on career changes from the first year onwards,
advice on finding training programmes,
information and workshops on professional
integration.
As the Youth Information network depends
on the Ministry for Youth it has reception areas
located throughout the territory that enable it
to respond to the demands and requirements
of young people in matters of information on
day-to-day living and vocational or educational
guidance.
Portfolio of Competences
A portfolio of competences is an has grown steadily and today
individual file created slowly over time is used in 35 of the country’s
using a range of documents, which 75 universities. Since its
allows individuals to certify the experimental creation
competences they have obtained as in 2007 by 4 founding
a result of training and experience. universities, 700 teachers
The term «portfolio of skills» is also have been trained to help students throughout
used. For a number of years, as a result of their course create their professional integration
the rapid spread of digital technology, there has project by the means of an e-portfolio. This
been an increase in the number of e-portfolios. tool is aimed at empowering students and
Portfolios of competences are increasingly giving them control over their career path by
used in higher education establishments, in teaching them how to describe and promote
particular in universities. their experiences and their skills. Since 2012, the
convergence of the PEC with Europass has led to
Among the numerous portfolios developed, the
a greater co-ordination and complementarity of
Portfolio of Experience and Competences (PEC -
the two portfolios.
Portefeuille d’Expériences et de Compétences)
further information : www.pec-univ.fr
Parcours Avenir - a guidance tool to
help acquire new skills by becoming
familiar with the socio-economic
world and by taking initiatives
PARCOURS AVENIR or interdisciplinary courses
a guidance tool to help acquire new skills by becoming familiar and is part of a guidance
with the socio-economic world and by taking initiatives approach that involves all
stakeholders.
Pupils in A digital tool (called Folios)
secondary Partners Aims
schools allows each pupil to record
Better professional
inclusion what they have learned,
their experiences, academic
In collège, and in the lycée, the Parcours Avenir and extracurricular skills and to promote them
«must allow each pupil to understand the when designing their individual guidance
world of work and business, to experience the pathway.
diversity of jobs and training programmes, further information : to support its
to develop their sense of commitment and implementation, the ONISEP has produced a
initiative and to draw up their academic and brochure that can be found in the teaching
vocational guidance programme», (Cf. decree of section of the site : www.onisep.fr
1st July published in the Official Journal of 7 July
2015). It consists of a range of activities that are
carried out during courses within a disciplineCONTINUING GUIDANCE
Principal structures offering guidance services
for people entering the labour market
NETWORK MISSIONS
National employment • Support for and placement of job seekers
agency • Support for companies in the area of recruitment
Pôle Emploi • Career Guidance Counselling (CEP)
Agency for • Support and advice for executives throughout their careers
the employment • Help to companies to optimise their recruitment and the management of their internal skills
of Managers - APEC • Career Guidance Counselling (CEP)
• Social and professional integration of young people aged between 16 and 25 in all areas - guidance, training,
Local Mission employment, accommodation, health, mobility, citizenship, sport, leisure, culture
• Career Guidance Counselling (CEP)
• The Cité des Métiers brings together, in the same location, professionals in the areas of guidance, training,
Cité des métiers employment, competence assessment and business creation, who pool their resources in order to offer
better guidance, better integration and a better career path for individuals. .
• Customised Support and Counselling
Employment office/
• Promotion of training and employment measures
6 Training office
• Actions in favour of employment and companies
• Guidance professionnelle personnalisée
MIFE • Promotion de la formation et des dispositifs d’emploi
• Actions en faveur de l’emploi et des entreprises
• Support and counselling for disabled people
Cap Emploi • Help with placing disabled people in private or public companies
• Career Guidance Counselling (CEP)
Fund for the • Support and counselling for disabled people so that they may be recruited or maintained in employment,
Integration of in the three public functions
Handicapped People
into the Civil Service
FIPHFP
Network of information • Reception, Information on women’s rights including employment, professional training and company
on women’s rights creation
CIDFF
• Information and Guidance of the public on Validation of Prior Experience procedures de (VAE)
VAE Counselling Relay
• Support during the different steps of the approach and administrative formalities, via one-on-one
Points
meetings and counselling
Skills audit service • Completion of skills audit
provider
Main mission - support employees in drawing up their training project in respect of Individual Training
Leave (analysis of requests and funding)
Approved joint body But also :
in respect of individual • Support for employees in drawing up their training project in respect of the CIF, a competence assessment
training leave (CIF)
or a VAE
OPACIF
• Information provided to these individuals
• Career Guidance Counselling (CEP)
CONSULAR CHAMBER Main mission: Representing the interests of companies to public authorities.
Chamber of trade Including :
and crafts • Development of general interest events (fairs, shows, conferences, …) in the service of companies, their
Chamber of Commerce territory and the attractiveness of their geographic territory.
and Industry • Management of Decision Support Centres to help young people take decisions about their future and
Chamber of Agriculture provide information on contracts, jobs, diplomasThe Validation of Prior certification referential, the training nature of
Experience – VAE work is acknowledged by the VAE. The creation
of a dossier of evidence before a sovereign jury
Originating from the law for Social confers upon it a social and legal recognition in
Modernisation of 2002, the Validation the same way as certification acquired in initial
of Prior Experience is recognised by or continuous training.
the Education Code as the 4th method
of access to professional certification further information : www.vae.gouv.fr
in France*. By combining the knowledge * 4th method of access to professional certification such as
and competences acquired in a professional initial or continuous training and apprenticeship.
situation or during unpaid activities, with a
AU D I E N C E S F U R T H E R I N F O R M AT I O N
• Job seeker (paid or not) www.pole-emploi.fr
• Private sector executive employee www.apec.fr
• Executive job seeker (paid or not)
• Students who have finished their higher education
• Young people aged between 16 and 25 www.unml.info
• All audiences http://reseaucitesdesmetiers.com
• All audiences www.ville-emploi.asso.fr
• All audiences www.intermife.fr
Career Guidance
Counselling – CEP
• Job seeker (paid or not), in particular www.capemploi.com
(Conseil en Evolution
• with a «disabled» issue Professionnelle)
Originating from the law of
2013 relating to job security,
• Job seeker (paid or not), public sector employee, www.fiphfp.fr
Career Guidance Counselling is
in particular with a «disabled» issue
a new right that is available to any individual
(employee, self-employed, job seeker…)
throughout their working life.
It allows them notably to obtain information
• All audiences, in particular women www.infofemmes.com
on their professional environment and the
way jobs are developing in the region, to
better understand their competences so as to
• Any person having at least 3 years’ professional experience www.intercariforef.org/reseau/ be able to promote them, to identify jobs that
reseau-carif-oref correspond to their competences and to know
the measures available to complete a career
development project.
• Private sector employee
The free and confidential CEP, comprises three
• Public sector employee
levels, a one-on-one meeting, customised
• Private sector employee www.fongecif.com/contact.html counselling and support for implementation
• Job seeker (paid or not) www.afdas.com of the project*. It is provided by five networks
www.faftt.fr of national operators (see table opposite), and
www.fafsea.com possibly by other stakeholders designated by
www.unagecif.com the Regions.
www.unifaf.fr *Career engineering and financial engineering
www.uniformation.fr
• Company bosses www.cci.fr
• Entrepreneur (employee or job seeker) www.artisanat.fr
•Young person in search of companies in the context of www.chambres-agriculture.fr
sandwich courses (apprenticeship, professionalisation
contract)PROFESSIONALIZATION OF COUNCELLORS
Training guidance counsellors Training adult guidance
for pupils and students professionals
The profession of guidance counsellor is not a regulated Within the multiple structures of continuous
profession in France. Only public service counselling guidance (see the main networks p 6 & 7), the
psychologists who work in Information and Guidance practitioners of continuous guidance may be,
Centres and in schools have a degree in psychology integration counsellors, employment counsellors,
and a specific diploma known as the Diplôme d’Etat de researchers, training counsellors… There is no
Conseiller d’Orientation Psychologue. To be qualified, single professional reference framework. There is
students must have a degree in psychology and sit an therefore no single training to prepare practitioners
exam designed to recruit officers from the Ministry of for carrying out these activities.
Education. For their initial training, these practitioners were
From 2016 onwards, the creation of a single body of able to follow a wide variety of training courses but
psychologists from the national education system will often in human sciences (educational sciences or
amend the frame of reference of competences and how occupational psychology).
they are recruited. They must hold a Master’s degree
Once guidance professionals have been recruited,
in Psychology and shall benefit from an additional
it is the network to which they belong that is
year of training, on a sandwich course, leading to a
responsible for their professionalisation, and their
specialised certificate. Teachers are also involved in
access to continuous training. There is a large
offering guidance to pupils and in structures designed
number of service providers that offer professional
to prevent and combat school dropout rates.
development paths. We should note that the
Joint university information and guidance services
Ministry of Employment, entrusted to the Carif-Orefs
include teams consisting of guidance counselling
the task of making such an offer.
psychologists, design engineers, documentalists,
psychologists, teachers with university qualifications. further information :
•The Carif-Orefs www.intercariforef.org/reseau/
further information :
page/professionnalisation-des-acteurs
• counselling psychologists association of France :
• Inffo Centre charged with developing information
8
http://acop-asso.org
in the field of professional guidance and training at
• University Conference Network of Counsellors in the
the national level www.centre-inffo.fr
Guidance and Professional Integration of students
www.lacourroie.fr
• Institut de recherche en orientation professionnelle :
http://inetop.cnam.fr/
© Centre Inffo november 2015
Webography
www.pole-emploi.fr site of the Agence nationale
www.orientation-pour-tous.fr pour l’emploi - see in particular the «Je m’oriente»
the national lifelong guidance section.
portal (information on initial and
www.apec.fr site dedicated to executive
continuous training programmes,
employment - job offers, guidance tools.
jobs, guidance structures, etc).
www.unml.info portal of the Union Nationale
www.monorientationenligne.fr des Missions Locales (UNML) - representative and
an online youth guidance service. federative union of the network of Local Missions and
www.onisep.fr a national publisher of information other integration organisations.
on jobs and teaching. www.capemploi.com portal of the national
www.euroguidance-France.org Specialised Placement Organisations network in the
the site of the French Euroguidance network, for the service of disabled persons.
European dimension of guidance and to promote www.intercariforef.org portal of the network
mobility. of the Carif-Orefs in charge in particular of the
information and professionalisation of stakeholders
www.cidj.com the network of youth information involved in adult guidance.
centres.
Editing
Euroguidance-France
Authors :
Graziana Boscato, Isabelle Dekeister,
Régis Guillemette, Elisabeth Kunze,
Laurent Lascrou, Régis Roussel,
Alice Vielajus
This publication was produced with the support of the European Commission under the Euroguidance France programme. Layout : Claudie Carpentier
This publication is the sole responsibility of its author and the European Commission accepts no liability for the use that may be made of the information contained in it.You can also read
