Lesson 6 Patriotism The Star-Spangled Banner
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Lesson 6
Patriotism
The Star-Spangled Banner
Part 2
Lesson 6 Patriotism: The Star Spangled Banner
Lesson Plan 6
Patriotism:
The Star Spangled Banner
Part 2
Enduring Understandings:
To inspire patriotism in all citizens regardless of age, meaningfully and every day.
Essential Questions:
How can we respect the symbols of our country and patriotism?
How can everyone be patriotic?
How can a community show respect and patriotism?
How can a person do to show their patriotism through when hearing the national anthem?
How can students show respect and patriotism using the American Flag?
Vocabulary/Targeted Skills:
dawn, hail, twilight, perilous, ramparts, gallantly, gleaming
Unit Assessment/Culminating Unit Activity:
Create an action plan sponsored by students and teachers for the school to develop and maintain
proper flag etiquette and education for the school and community.
Lesson 6 Patriotism: The Star Spangled Banner Lesson: The Star Spangled Banner (Part 2) Time: 60 minutes Standard(s): SS.4.C.2.3 – Explain the importance of public service, voting and volunteerism. SS.4.A.1.1 – Analyze primary and secondary resources to identify significant individuals and events throughout Florida History. CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.4.1 Refer to details and examples in a text when explaining what the text says explicitly and when drawing inferences from the text. CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.4.3 Explain events, procedures, ideas, or concepts in a historical, scientific, or technical text, including what happened and why, based on specific information in the text. Content Purpose: The circumstances surrounding the law creating the Star-Spangled Banner as the national anthem. Students should describe the Battle of Fort McHenry, Francis Scott Key’s reasons for writing the Star-Spangled Banner and the path to it becoming the national Anthem. Language Purpose: Honoring the Flag with the Star-Spangled Banner by showing respect. Assessment/Evaluation (for this lesson): 1. Fill- in the Blanks of the Star-Spangled Banner Words 2. Armistead’s letter is an accounting of what happened at the Battle of Fort McHenry. Using this letter and the words to the Star-Spangled Banner compare the two documents and contrast them. Reading Materials/Primary Source links: http://www.nps.gov/fomc/historyculture/francis-scott-key.htm http://www.nps.gov http://uscode/house.gov http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dEIjdNFAeNo http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aZjR8L81yQk http://www.archives.gov/press/press-kits/american-originals.html#ftmchenry
Lesson 6 Patriotism: The Star Spangled Banner
Suggested Procedures:
1. Read Major George Armistead’s letter.
2. Discuss the phrases of the Star-Spangled Banner and Major Armistead’s letter to find
evidence to support the poem.
3. Complete the Fill-In the Blank and Essay question.
4. Watch the Video of the Air Force’s video of the Star Spangled Banner.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dEIjdNFAeNo
Lesson 6 Patriotism: The Star Spangled Banner
Historical Context
Patriotism: The Star Spangled Banner
Francis Scott Key
Francis Scot Key was a successful lawyer in the District of Columbia. In the beginning
of the War, he was opposed to it. However, he changed his mind after witnessing the burning of
public buildings in Washing, D.C. and the humiliating defeat at the Battle of Bladensburg.
During the bombardment of Fort McHenry, Key, an American, is on a British ship. He
had boarded the ship to negotiate the release of a prominent local doctor, Dr. Beanes, the British
had taken prisoner. The British would not allow them to return to Baltimore until the battle was
over.
Key watched as the battle raged through the night. The British would send bombs that
were round iron balls weighing 200 pounds filled with gunpowder to the fort. Attached to these
bombs were fuses that were timed to go off while the bombs were still in the air. This would
send shrapnel (heavy, sharp edged pieces of broken metal) down on the men below. It would
also cause the night sky to light up. When Key saw the flag at sunrise the next morning, he felt
such relief that he wrote
“The Star Spangled Banner” as a poem. Many years later, Key stated about that night,
“Through the clouds of war, the stars of that banner still shone in my view….Then, in
that hour of deliverance and joyful triumph, my hearts poke, and “Does not such a
country, and such defenders of their country, deserve a song?” was its question. With it
came an inspiration not to be resisted: and even though it had been a hanging matter to
make a song, I must have writing it. Let the praise, then, if any be due, be given, not to
me, who only did what I could not help doing, not to the writer, but to the inspirers of the
song!”
Someone eventually gave a copy of the poem to the Baltimore American, Baltimore’s newspaper
and then by several papers on the East Coast. By November, it had been set to the music from a
club song, “The Anacreontic Society.” The Anacreonitic Society was a gentleman’s club in
London.
It took a while for the “Star Spangled Banner” to become the official National Anthem.
By 1905, all military posts and naval vessels were playing it as they raised and lowered the flag
each day. It was understood that all officers and soldiers were required to stand at attention
during the anthem. Civilians also began to stand at attention it was played at plays, movies, and
sporting events. In 1917, the military made “The Star-Spangled Banner” the official national
anthem.
There were 15 different bills introduced in the U.S. Congress between 1912 and 1917 to
have it become the National Anthem. A bill did not pass both houses of Congress until 1931.
President Herbert Hoover signed it into law on March 3rd of that year.
It is now established that “The Star-Spangled Banner” is the national anthem. When the
first note of the music is played, people in military uniform should salute it until the last note of
the music. Those who are veterans or are members of the Armed Forces, but are not in uniforms,
should also salute the flag. All other person present should face the flag and stand at attention
with their right hand over the heart. Men not in uniforms should remove the headdress or hat
with their right hand and hold it at the left shoulder, the hand being over the should. When “TheLesson 6 Patriotism: The Star Spangled Banner Star-Spangled Banner” is played without a flag, all present should face toward the music and act in the same manner they would if the flag were present. http://www.nps.gov/fomc/historyculture/francis-scott-key.htm http://www.nps.gov http://uscode/house.gov http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dEIjdNFAeNo http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aZjR8L81yQk http://www.nps.gov/fomc/index.htm
Lesson 6 Patriotism: The Star Spangled Banner and the National Anthem
The Star Spangled Banner
Compare the words in the “Star Spangled Banner” to the Letter that Major Armstead wrote to James
Monroe. Do the words match what Major Armstead’s account of what happened that night?
Phrases in the “Star Spangled Banner” Evidence to Support from Major Armstead’s letter
O! say can you see by the dawn’s early light.
What so proudly we hailed at the twilight’s last
gleaming.
Whose broad stripe and bright stars through the perilous
fight,
O’er the ramparts we watch’d, were so gallantly
streaming?
And the Rockets’ red glare,
the Bombs bursting in air.
Gave proof through the night that our Flag was still
there;
O! say does that star’spangled Banner yet wave,
O’er the Land of the free,
and the home of the brave?Lesson 6 Patriotism: The Star Spangled Banner
Star-Spangled Banner
Fill in the blank
___ _______! Can you see, by the ___________ early _________.
What so ________________ we _______________ at the ________
last gleaming. Whose bright ___________ and bright ___________
thro’ the ______________ night, O’er the ____________
we watched, were so __________________ streaming!
And the rockets _______ glare, the __________ bursting in air,
Gave ________ through the ____________ that our _________ was
still there. ____ _______ does that ________-_______________
Banner yet _________ O’er the land of the ________________ and
the home of the ______________.
Essay
Armistead’s letter is an accounting of what happened at the Battle of
Fort McHenry. Using this letter and the words to the Star-Spangled
Banner compare the two documents and contrast them.Lesson 6 Patriotism: The Star Spangled Banner Francis Scott Key’s original transcript of The Star-Spangled Banner http://amhistory.si.edu/starspangledbanner/
Lesson 6 Patriotism: The Star Spangled Banner
This is a photograph of the garrison flag that flew over Fort McHenry on the
morning of September, 14, 1814. It is now on display at the Smithsonian Institution’s of
National Museum of American History in Washington, D.C. This flag originally
measured 30 feet by 42 feet. However it now measures 30 feet by 34 feet.
It was a family heirloom of the Armistead family and they would cut off
“snippings” to give to people especially veterans as souvenirs. In 1912, George
Armistead’s grandson was overwhelmed with the responsibility of maintaining the flag
and all of the requests to display it, so he donated it to the Smithsonian Institution in
Washington.
http://www.nps.gov/fomc/historyculture/francis-scott-key.htmLesson 6 Patriotism: The Star Spangled Banner
Lesson 6 Patriotism: The Star Spangled Banner
Lesson 6 Patriotism: The Star Spangled Banner
Lesson 6 Patriotism: The Star Spangled Banner
Lesson 6 Patriotism: The Star Spangled Banner
Lesson 6 Patriotism: The Star Spangled Banner General Armistead’s Letter Page One and Page Six http://www.archives.gov/press/press-kits/american-originals.html#ftmchenry
Official Account of the Bombardment of Fort McHenry.
Copy of a letter from Lieut. Colonel Armistead, to the Secretary of War, dated
Fort McHenry, Sept. 24th, 1814
A severe indisposition, the effect of great fatigue and exposure, has prevented me heretofore from presenting you with an account
of the attack on this post. On the night of Saturday the 10th inst. the British fleet, consisting of ships of the line, heavy frigates, and
bomb vessels, amounting in the whole to 30 sail, appeared at the mouth of the river Patapsco, with every indication of an attempt
on the city of Baltimore. My own force consisted of one company of U.S. artillery, under Capt. Evans, and two companies of sea
fencibles, under Capts. Bunbury and Addison. Of these three companies, 35 men were unfortunately on the sick list, and unfit for
duty. I had been furnished with two companies of volunteer artillery from Baltimore, under Capt. Berry, and Lt. Commandant
Pennington. --To these I must add another very fine company of volunteer artillerists, under Judge Nicholson, who had proffered
their services to aid in the defense of this post whenever an attack might be apprehended; and also a detachment from
Commodore Barney's flotilla under Lieut. Redman. Brig. Gen. Winder had also furnished me with about six hundred infantry, and
Major Lane, consisting of detachments from the 12th, 14th, 36th, and 38th Regim. of U.S. troops - the total amounting to more
than 1000 effective men.
On Monday morning very early, it was perceived that the enemy was landing troops on the east side of the Patapsco, distant
about ten miles. During the day and the ensuing night, he had brought sixteen ships (including five bomb ships) within about two
miles and a half of this Fort. I had arranged my force as follows: - The regular artillerists under Capt. Evans and the volunteers
under Capt. Nicholson, manned the bastions in the Star Fort. Captains Bunbury's, Addison's, Redman's, Berry's and Lieut.
Commandant Pennington's command were stationed on the lower works, and the infantry under Lieut. Col. Stewart and Major
Lane were on the outer ditch, to meet the enemy at his landing, should he attempt one.
On Tuesday morning about sunrise, the enemy commenced the attack from his five bomb vessels, at the distance about two
miles, when finding that his shells reached us, he anchored and kept an incessant and well directed bombardment. We
immediately opened our batteries, and kept a brisk fire from our guns and mortars, but unfortunately our shot and shells all fell
considerably short of him. This was to me a most distressing circumstance, as it left us exposed to constant and tremendous
shower of shells, without the remote possibility of our doing him the slightest injury. It affords me the highest gratification to state,
that although we were left exposed, and thus inactive, not a man shrunk from the conflict.
About 2 o'clock, P.M. one of the 24 pounders on the south west bastion, under the immediate command of Capt. Nicholson, was
dismounted by a shell, the explosion of which killed his second Lieut. and wounded several of his men; the bustle necessarily
produced in removing the wounded and remounting the gun probably induced the enemy to suspect that we were in a state of
confusion, as he brought three of the bomb ships to what I believed to be a good striking distance. I immediately ordered a fire to
be opened, which was obeyed with alacrity through the whole garrison, and in a half an hour those intruders again sheltered
themselves by withdrawing beyond our reach. - We gave three cheers, and again ceased firing. The enemy continued throwing
shells, with one or two slight intermissions, till one o'clock in the morning of Wednesday; when it was discovered that he had
availed himself of the darkness of the night and had thrown a considerable force above to our right; they had approached very
near to Fort Covington, when they began to throw rockets; intended I presume, to give them an opportunity of examining the
shores - as I have since understood, they had detached 1250 picket men with scaling ladders, for the purpose of storming this
Fort. We once more had an opportunity of opening our batteries, and kept a continued blaze for nearly two hours which had the
effect again to drive them off.
In justice to Lieut. Newcomb, of the United States Navy, who commanded Fort Covington, with a detachment of sailors, and Lieut.
Webster, of the flotilla, who commanded the Six Gun Battery, near the Fort, I ought to state, that during this time, they kept an
animated, and I believe very destructive fire, to which I am persuaded, we are much indebted in repulsing the enemy. One of his
sunken barges has since been found with two dead men in it - others have been seen floating in the river. The only means we had
of directing our guns, was by the blaze of their rockets and the flashes of their guns. Had they ventured to the same situation in
the day time, not a man would have escaped.
The bombardment continued on the part of the enemy until 7 o'clock on Wednesday morning, when it ceased; and about nine,
their ships got under weigh and stood down the river. During the bombardment which lasted 25 hours (with two slight
intermissions) from the best calculations I can make, from fifteen to eighteen hundred shells were thrown by the enemy. A few of
these fell short. A large proportion burst over us, throwing their fragments among us, and threatening destruction. Many passed
over, and about four hundred fell within the works. Two of the public buildings are materially injured - the others but slightly. I am
happy to inform you (wonderful as it may appear) that our loss amounts to only four men killed, and 24 wounded. The latter will all
recover. Among the killed, I have to lament the loss of Lieutenant Clagget and Sergeant Clemm, both of Capt. Nicholson's
volunteers; two men whose fate is to be deplored, not only for their personal bravery, but for their high standing, amiable
demeanor and spotless integrity in private life. Lieut. Russel, of the company under Lieut. Pennington, received early in the attack
a severe contusion in the heel; notwithstanding which, he remained at his post during the whole bombardment.
Were I to name any individual who signalized themselves, it would be doing injustice to the others. Suffice it to say, that every
officer and soldier under my command did their duty to my entire satisfaction.
I have the honor to remain respectfully, your obedient servant,
G. Armistead, Lt Col. U.S.A
Hon. James Monroe, Secretary of WarYou can also read
