Lake Champlain Byway Addison County Corridor Management Plan - Addison County Regional Planning Commission March 2017 - Addison County Regional ...
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Addison County Corridor Management Plan Lake Champlain Byway Addison County Regional Planning Commission March 2017
2 | Addison County Corridor Management Plan – Lake Champlain Byway
PREAMBLE 5 CHAPTER 5 STRATEGIES FOR MAINTENANCE AND
ENHANCEMENT 19
CHAPTER 1 THREE BYWAY CORRIDORS OF THE LAKE
CHAMPLAIN BYWAY 7 PLAN OBJECTIVES AND GOALS 19
19
LAKE CHAMPLAIN ISLANDS 7 MAPS 19
GREATER BURLINGTON 7 PARTNERS 19
ADDISON COUNTY 7 POTENTIAL PARTNERS 20
RECENT PLANNING ACTIVITIES AND RECOMMENDED ACTIONS 20
CHAPTER 2 ORIENTATION 8 2014 SITE MANAGER SURVEY 20
2014 SITE MANAGER MEET‐UP 21
PROJECT IDEAS 21
WHERE IS THE ADDISON COUNTY BYWAY? 8
10 ACTION ITEMS FOR BYWAY COORDINATION EFFORTS 21
BYWAY TOWNS 8
ADDISON 8
8 APPENDIX 23
CORNWALL 9
FERRISBURGH 9 A: BROCHURE, LAKE CHAMPLAIN BYWAY 23
MIDDLEBURY 9 B: BROCHURE, ADDISON COUNTY: GUIDE TO ACTIVITIES
ORWELL 9 ALONG THE LAKE CHAMPLAIN BYWAY 23
PANTON 10 C: BROCHURE, WATER RECREATION SITES OF THE LAKE
SHOREHAM 10 CHAMPLAIN BYWAY 23
VERGENNES 10 D: BROCHURE, WINTER ACTIVITIES ALONG THE LAKE
WHITING 11 CHAMPLAIN BYWAY 23
E: 2014 BYWAY SITE MANAGER SURVEY RESULTS 23
CHAPTER 3 ELEMENTS OF THE CORRIDOR
MANAGEMENT PLAN 12
WHY A NEW PLAN? 12
14 RECOMMENDED ELEMENTS 12
CHAPTER 4 INTRINSIC QUALITIES 14
WHAT IS AN INTRINSIC QUALITY? 14
INTRINSIC ASSESSMENT 15
OPPORTUNITIES AND IMPACTS 16
TOWN PLANNING AND COMMUNITY DESIGN 16
MULTIMODAL 16
MULTI‐DESTINATION 17
WAYPOINT COMMUNITIES 17
FOCUS AREAS 17
3 | Addison County Corridor Management Plan – Lake Champlain Byway
4 | Addison County Corridor Management Plan – Lake Champlain Byway
Preamble Addison County, and developed and constructed two
portable toilet shelters in the Islands.
The Lake Champlain Byway is a Scenic Byway designated FY08‐#05, Corridor Management Plan Update and Capacity
by the State of Vermont located in the northwest portion Building
of the state. From north to south, the formal designated Funded participation of RPC and municipal staff at the
motor route is 134 miles (215 km) long and consists of U.S. 2009 and 2011 National Scenic Byways Conferences
Route 2 through the Grand Isle County, U.S. Route 7 and funded the development of the 2017 updates to
through Chittenden County and then portions of U.S. 7 the three respective County Corridor CMPs.
and portions of Vermont Routes 22‐A, 73 and 74 in FY08‐#06 Chittenden County Recreational & Cultural Sites
Addison County. Inventory
Funded the Chittenden County RPC to create a
The Byway is managed by the Lake Champlain Byway recreational and cultural sites inventory for its eight
Council, a registered Vermont Non‐Profit Corporation. The byway communities and hire contractors to work with
purpose of the Corporation shall be to serve as the each of the communities to provide preliminary
managing and coordinating body for the Lake Champlain designs and cost estimates for various improvements.
Byway, a designated Byway within the State of Vermont recommended by the inventory.
and to undertake and support projects that balance the FY09‐#02 Byway Publications
promotion, preservation, enjoyment, and stewardship of
Developed and distributed a water recreation guide to
the Byway’s intrinsic resources. The Council’s Board of
Lake Champlain and the Byway’s other waterways and
Directors consists of 12 members: representatives of
a winter activities guide.
seven regional organizations and an additional five at‐large
FY10‐#01 and FY11‐#02 Bicyclist Rest Areas
members appointed by the first seven members. The
Byway was first conceived in the 1990s and then came to Via a subcontract from the Byway Council, Local
fruition in the early‐to‐mid 2000s. The formation of the Motion (a regional advocacy group for biking, hiking
Council in November 2004 formalized this long‐standing and walking) designed and installed eight small
collaboration of the various regional planning bicyclist rest areas along the route of the Lake
commissions, regional chambers of commerce and others Champlain Bikeway which traverses through several
organizations. Byway communities.
FY12‐#01 Interpretive Planning
From late 2004 through spring 2017 the Byway Council Developed and completed an Interpretation
carried out various activities to develop the Byway. These Coordination Plan for the Byway.
activities fell into two categories: coordination and project
management. Coordination was carried out by Board Management and development of the Byway is informed
meetings to confer on such topics as development of grant by its three respective Corridor Management Plans for
proposals, tracking grant implementation, and updates to each of the three counties (Grand Isle, Chittenden and
the Council’s Bylaws. Coordination was effected by Addison) traversed by the route of the Byway. The
frequent consultations with the Vermont Agency of purpose of these Plans is to outline protection and
Transportation and the Vermont Department of Tourism enhancement of the byway’s intrinsic qualities and
and Marketing. Going forward it is anticipated that the character.
Byway Council will need to meet less often given the lack
of grant funding. The completion of all three county Corridor Management
Plans” represents the last significant project managed by
Project management consisted of overseeing the the Council as Federal Fiscal Year 2012 was the last year
implementation of seven grants secured by the Council such National Scenic Byway grants were made available.
from the Federal Highway Administration’s National Scenic Going forward, it is anticipated that the only significant
Byway program as follows: project management activity to be undertaken by the
Council will be oversight of the Byway’s website,
FY07‐#01, Travel Information and Improvements www.lakechamplainbyway.com.
Developed a “Lake Champlain Byway” brochure in
both English French and outdoor information panels;;; Each CMP is unique to its respective county, however, the
completed a Byway website;; installed trailblazer signs Lake Champlain Byway Council and the Board of each of
on Route 2 in the Champlain Islands and in towns of the three respective Regional Planning Commissions,
5 Preamble | Addison County Corridor Management Plan – Lake Champlain Byway
hereby endorse the following overarching goal and
strategic actions for the Lake Champlain Byway:
Overarching Goal
To undertake and support projects that balances the
promotion, preservation, enjoyment, and stewardship of
the Byway’s intrinsic resources.
Strategies
1) Economic Development: promote tourism opportunities
that are consistent with the principles of sustainable
development;
2) Transportation Improvements: promote programs and
projects that improve transportation infrastructure for all
travel modes, improve safety and enhance the traveler
experience; and
3) Regional Coordination: promote collaboration in
marketing and interpretation among the agencies and
organizations with an interest in the Byway’s intrinsic
resources.
6 | Addison County Corridor Management Plan – Lake Champlain Byway
Chapter 1 Three Byway Corridors of the fronts Lake Champlain.
Lake Champlain Byway
Winooski, a historic mill city, boasts numerous brick and
stone buildings reflective of its industrial heritage. The
Lake Champlain Islands
downtown is completely redeveloped with pedestrian‐
Nestled between Vermont’s Green Mountains and the
friendly streets and pocket parks and includes a boardwalk
Adirondacks of New York, the Islands sit below the
along the roaring Winooski River as well as two fine local
Canadian border amidst the sixth largest freshwater lake in
museums, quiet nature trails and great fishing holes.
the United States. Together, they are 30 miles long, with
four historic village areas, and a multitude of recreation
opportunities from apple picking, fishing, swimming, South Burlington is a newer, growing suburban community
cycling, ice fishing and skating. There are numerous but has several excellent parks and natural areas all linked
historic sites, lakeside inns and cottages, and several by an extensive recreation path system. Essex Junction is
marinas. a compact village that hosts the Byway’s only Amtrak
passenger station. It is also home to the state’s largest
Alburgh, on the Canadian border, has bike trails and sand outdoor cultural and performance venue, the Champlain
dunes, farmstead cheese and chocolates. The Islands also Valley Exposition which hosts a traditional country fair
host five Vermont State Parks providing ample camping
around Labor Day and numerous other events year‐round.
The towns of Shelburne, Charlotte, Milton and Colchester
have histories based upon agriculture and other traditional
industries. They host many opportunities for outdoor
recreation such as parks and natural areas, rivers, ponds
and hiking trails. The traveler can experience classic New
England village architecture and tour several well‐regarded
local museums. Of particular interest are Shelburne
Museum and Shelburne Farms, Mt. Philo State Park in
Charlotte, Sandbar State Park in Milton and the boating
center of Malletts Bay in Colchester.
opportunities. North Hero has lakeside inns with fine
Addison County
dining and outdoor theater. Grand Isle’s Hyde Log Cabin is Addison County, located in the lower Champlain Valley is
Vermont’s oldest, and South Hero’s apple orchards and bordered by Lake Champlain and the Adirondacks to the
vineyards are open in season.
west and the Green Mountains to the east. Next to
Franklin County, Addison County is the most agricultural
Greater Burlington
The eight byway communities of the greater Burlington county in Vermont. It is rich in scenic lake, pastoral and
area present a diverse menu of opportunities for the mountainous landscapes.
traveler. It includes densely populated urban areas,
growing suburban areas and areas that remain rural. Addison byway towns offer a bounty of both cultural and
Burlington is the hub for the region having a classic small traditional events ‐concerts, community plays, pancake
city downtown with numerous museums and arts and breakfasts, street and farm festivals. Nearby mountains,
entertainment venues and several lakeside parks and forests, lakes and country roads offer numerous outdoor
beaches. Greater Burlington can be traversed by foot, by recreation opportunities from swimming and hiking,
public transportation or use the city’s famed bike path that camping, bird watching, boating and horseback riding. It is
7 Chapter 1 Three Byway Corridors of the Lake Champlain Byway | Addison County Corridor Management Plan –
Lake Champlain Byway
a popular destination for cycling tours and avid cyclists.
See the following Chapter for more on Addison County
Byway Towns.
Chapter 2 Orientation
Where is the Addison County Byway?
First designated as part of the Champlain Valley Byway in
2000, the Addison County sections of the byway includes,
from north to south, the municipalities of Ferrisburgh,
Vergennes, Addison, Panton, Shoreham, Orwell, Cornwall
and Whiting. The Corridor’s designated Byway motor
routes are Route 7, through Ferrisburgh, Vergennes,
Middlebury and East Middlebury, Route 22 through
Vergennes, Route 17 and 125 through Panton and
Addison, Route 74 through Shoreham and Cornwall, and
Route 73 through Orwell.
Byway Towns
Addison
Addison sits on the shores of Lake Champlain and is home
to the historic Lake Champlain Bridge crossing into Essex
County, New York. The Bridge was rebuilt in 2010 and now
accommodates pedestrians and cyclists as well as
vehicular traffic.
Addison was charted in 1761, but has most likely been
inhabited for thousands of years due to its proximity to
Lake Champlain and the rich wildlife area of Dead Creek.
Addison currently has a population of approximately 1,371
residents.
The Lake Champlain Bridge is a historic landmark of
Addison and is in close proximity to other points of
interest including: the D.A.R. John Strong Mansion
Museum, Chimney Point State Historic Site, McCuen's
Slang fishing access, the Dead Creek Wildlife Management
Area and the D.A.R State Park. Other recreational
opportunities include a Geese Viewing Pull off on Route 17
and the Snake Mountain Wildlife Management Area.
The Byway goes along Route 22A and Route 17, passing a
number of commercial properties including a Restaurant,
Campground and Marina. Stunning views of the
Adirondacks exist all along Lake Street, Route 17 and
Route 22A.
8 Chapter 2 Orientation | Addison County Corridor Management Plan – Lake Champlain Byway
Cornwall Landmark, is a 90‐acre historic site which is one of the best
Cornwall, in the central part of Addison County, is located documented Underground Railroad sites in the country.
four miles southwest of Middlebury. Cornwall was largely
an agricultural town, specializing in Merino sheep Middlebury
production, Morgan horses and apple orchards with many Middlebury, also known as the ‘Shire Town’ of Addison
dairy farms as well. Today, Cornwall has several working County, was chartered in 1761 and was settled just after
dairy farms remaining and one fully operating apple the Revolutionary War. Today it has a population of 8,200.
The village is listed on the National Register of Historic
Places. Middlebury is home to internationally‐recognized
Middlebury College, many businesses, restaurants,
breweries and architecturally distinguished churches and
public buildings as well as a 16 mile public walking trail –
the Trail Around Middlebury (TAM).
orchard. Natural resources include the Lemon Fair River
which crosses the northwest corner of town and Otter
Creek which flows along part of the eastern boundary. The
Cedar Swamp takes up much of Cornwall’s southeast
corner, being several thousand acres. There is a major
limestone ledge in the center part of the town.
Passing through the heart of the historic village is the
Otter Creek, the longest river in Vermont. You can see its
powerful waterfall from the Battell Bridge and through the
windows of an art gallery. In Cannon Park, across from the
Henry Sheldon Museum of Vermont History, there is an
historic marker commemorating John Deere and his
invention of the “the plow that broke the plains.” From
1821 to 1825 Deere apprenticed at an area blacksmith
shop. Deere then moved to Illinois where he built the
world’s first steel moldboard plow.
Ferrisburgh Orwell
Founded in 1762, Ferrisburgh’s western boundary is Lake Home to approximately 1,200 residents, Orwell features
Champlain where much of the shoreline constitutes some many farms, orchards, and several access points to Lake
of the best natural harbors on the lake. Two Vermont Champlain for boating, kayaking and fishing.
State Parks are located in Ferrisburgh—Button Bay and
Kingsland Bay State Park—offering camping, picnicking, The Town of Orwell was chartered in 1763, but no
swimming, and boat access. Nearby, the Lake Champlain settlement occurred in town until 1771. By the mid‐1770s,
Maritime Museum shares the rich history and archaeology a few families were living in town, clearing land and
of Lake Champlain. Rokeby Museum, a National Historic
9 Chapter 2 Orientation | Addison County Corridor Management Plan – Lake Champlain Byway
building shelters for themselves and their livestock. With
access to Lake Champlain and a hill looking across the lake
towards Fort Ticonderoga, the military base, Mount
Independence was constructed by the American colonial
forces in 1776. It was one of was one of the largest military
complex communities in North America. The 300‐acre site
is now one of Vermont’s premier state‐operated historic
sites.
Panton
Panton sits on the shores of Lake Champlain, in the
western, central area of Addison County. Views to the Over the years Shoreham has had carding mills, an ax
Lake, the Adirondack Mountains, agricultural landscape handle factory, an iron forge, sawmills, grist mills, and a
and narrow roads along lake inlets and tributaries make quarry producing some of the best black marble in the
Panton an intriguing town. 22A is the primary designated country. Agriculture is still prevalent in the town today
byway route, with Panton Road/Lake Street the secondary with several apple orchards. There are several access
route. These roads are also part of the Champlain Valley points to Lake Champlain for boating and fishing.
bikeway. Other recreational features include trails up
Snake Mountain, and fishing and camping near the lake. Vergennes
Historic buildings include the Town Hall, Ferris Homestead Just two square miles, Vergennes bills itself as America’s
site, and various school houses. The Town of Panton smallest city and was named in honor of the Comte de
Selectboard voted to become a member community in the Vergennes who served as the French Minister of Foreign
Lake Champlain Byway in 2011. Affairs and negotiator of the Treaty of Paris. Just west of
Governor Benning Wentworth of New Hampshire signed downtown are the scenic Vergennes Falls where Otter
the Panton charter of 1761. This original document as well Creek traverses the city and water‐powered sawmills
as all of its early records dating back to pre‐Revolutionary once operated. The City Hall and Vergennes Opera House‚
times exists in the Town’s vault. Panton has a dramatic, if constructed in 1897‚ is still the center of Vergennes’
virtually unknown, history that helped to create the very business and cultural life. The beautifully restored‚
beginning of our country. Benedict Arnold was a hero of acoustically superb Opera House presents year‐round jazz‚
the times by delaying the British from taking Lake opera‚ folk‚ classical and theater performances. A walk
Champlain. He was acquainted with Peter Ferris of Panton down Main Street brings you by Bixby Library, with its
and chose his bay to scuttle his fleet and save them from beautiful stained‐glass domed ceiling. A detour down the
being captured by the British. sidewalk‐lined side streets takes one past houses that
speak of the city’s 19th century prosperity.
Shoreham
Shoreham was instrumental in the 1775 capture of Fort
Ticonderoga when the Green Mountain Boys launched
from its shores. Agriculture has always been a mainstay of
the Shoreham economy. Merino sheep were first imported
in 1816. For much of the 19th century they brought wealth
and recognition to the town. Now dairy cattle outnumber
sheep.
10 Chapter 2 Orientation | Addison County Corridor Management Plan – Lake Champlain BywaySee maps in the appendix for a summary of Byway features
by town.
Whiting
Chartered in 1763 the town of Whiting is currently home
to 420 residents. The town borders Otter Creek and
approximately one third of the town’s land is occupied by
what is now known as the Cornwall Swamp Wildlife
Management area. Otter Creek originally contained no
valuable fish until a resident transferred various species
from Lake Champlain into the creek in 1819 making it an
excellent source for fishing. The Whiting Swamp, land
recently purchased by the Nature Conservancy, provides
access for fishing, boating and hiking.
11 Chapter 2 Orientation | Addison County Corridor Management Plan – Lake Champlain BywayChapter 3 Elements of the Corridor nationally recognized Lake Champlain Byway should,
Management Plan however, be maintained with particularly high standards,
not only for travelers' safety and comfort, but also for
preserving the highest levels of visual integrity and
Why a New Plan? attractiveness.
This Corridor Management Plan (CMP) seeks to document
the towns, their intrinsic resources, and the partners of (4) A schedule and a listing of all agency, group, and
the Byway, and to create a roadmap for the upkeep, individual responsibilities in the implementation of the
integrity and relevance of the Byway. corridor management plan, and a description of
enforcement and review mechanisms, including a schedule
The last Addison County Byways Corridor Management for the continuing review of how well those
Plan was written in 2000. Since 2000, more towns have responsibilities are being met.
become official byway towns and there have been many
national, state and regional changes which impact the (5) A strategy describing how existing development might
Byway and how they are used, understood and funded. be enhanced and new development might be
accommodated while still preserving the intrinsic qualities
Currently, federal funding for the Byways program has of the corridor. This can be done through design review,
been eliminated. If this funding were to return, it will be and such land management techniques as zoning,
advantageous to have a clear set of goals and action items easements and economic incentives.
to put forward. In the meantime, this program is
administered by the Lake Champlain Byway Council, (6) A plan to assure on‐going public participation in the
Regional Planning Commissions and many other partners implementation of corridor management objectives.
invested in the celebration of recreational, historic and
cultural resources of this region. A CMP is essential in (7) A general review of the roads or highway's safety and
bringing stakeholders together. accident record to identify any correctable faults in
highway design, maintenance, or operation.
The Byway program must fit into the present economic,
(8) A plan to accommodate commerce while maintaining a
environmental and political climate. It must recognize the
safe and efficient level of highway service, including
needs and desires of the local traveler, and recognize
convenient user facilities.
opportunities to incorporate energy conservation,
alternative transportation opportunities, and the
(9) A demonstration that intrusions on the visitor
promotion of local farms, food and other Vermont
experience have been minimized to the extent feasible,
businesses.
and a plan for making improvements to enhance that
experience.
14 Recommended Elements
The Federal Highway Administration and the Vermont (10) A demonstration of compliance with all existing local,
Agency of Transportation recommend having the following State, and Federal laws on the control of outdoor
elements in a CMP:
advertising.
(1) A map identifying the corridor boundaries and the (11) A signage plan that demonstrates how the State will
location of intrinsic qualities and different land uses within insure and make the number and placement of signs more
the corridor. supportive of the visitor experience.
(2) An assessment of such intrinsic qualities and of their (12) A narrative describing how the National Scenic Byway
context. will be positioned for marketing.
(3) A strategy for maintaining and enhancing those (13) A discussion of design standards relating to any
intrinsic qualities. The level of protection for different proposed modification of the roadway. This discussion
parts of a National Scenic Byway or All‐American Road can should include an evaluation of how the proposed changes
vary, with the highest level of protection afforded those may affect the intrinsic qualities of the byway corridor.
parts which most reflect their intrinsic values. All
12 Chapter 3 Elements of the Corridor Management Plan | Addison County Corridor Management Plan – Lake
Champlain Byway(14) A description of plans to interpret the significant
resources of the scenic byway.
b. In addition to the information identified in Paragraph 9a
above, corridor management plans for All‐American Roads
must include some combination of outstanding scenic,
natural, historic, cultural, archeological and/or
recreational assets.
13 | Addison County Corridor Management Plan – Lake Champlain BywayChapter 4 Intrinsic Qualities
Outdoor recreation: Both active and passive recreation
features, such as state and local parks, reforestation areas,
hiking trails, water access points, bike and pedestrian trails,
What is an Intrinsic Quality?
indoor recreation facilities, and cross‐country and downhill ski
An intrinsic quality is defined as: “features that are
areas.
considered representative, unique, irreplaceable, or
distinctly characteristic of an area. Intrinsic qualities arise
from a particular combination of resources along a byway
that together define its character, interest and appeal.” Historic Quality encompasses legacies of the past that are
distinctly associated with physical elements of the landscape,
whether natural or manmade, that are of such historic
The National Lake Champlain Byway program places
significance that they educate the viewer and stir an
intrinsic resources into six categories: appreciation for the past. The historic elements reflect the
actions of people and may include buildings, settlement
patterns, and other examples of human activity. Historic
scenic features can be inventoried, mapped, and interpreted. They
outdoor recreation possess integrity of location, design, setting, material,
historic workmanship, feeling, and association.
natural
cultural
archeological
Scenic Quality: the heightened visual experience derived
from the view of natural and manmade elements of the visual
environment of the scenic byway corridor. The characteristics
of the landscape are strikingly distinct and offer a pleasing
and most memorable visual experience. All elements of the
landscape‐‐landform, water, vegetation, and manmade
development‐‐contribute to the quality of the corridor's visual
environment. Everything present is in harmony and shares in
the intrinsic qualities.
Natural Quality: found in unusual geologic formations,
topography, climate, hydrologic features, wildlife, and habitats
for rare or endangered species.
Cultural Quality is evidence and expressions of the
customs or Traditions of a distinct group of people. Cultural
features including, but not limited to, crafts, music, dance,
rituals, festivals, speech, food, special events, vernacular
architecture, etc., are currently practiced. The cultural qualities
of the corridor could highlight one or more significant
communities and/or ethnic traditions.
14 Chapter 4 Intrinsic Qualities | Addison County Corridor Management Plan – Lake Champlain BywayArcheological Quality involves those characteristics of
the scenic Byways corridor that are physical evidence of historic
or prehistoric human life or activity that are visible and capable
of being inventoried and interpreted. The scenic byway corridor's
archeological interest, as identified through ruins, artifacts,
structural remains, and other physical evidence have scientific
significance that educate the viewer and stir an appreciation for
the past.
Intrinsic Assessment
Addison’s Byway abounds with these intrinsic qualities.
The visual, scenic experience includes both broad vistas
and intimate scenes. The visual landscape is framed by
extensive views of several unique geographic features. To
the west, are the vast Adirondack Mountains while in the
foreground is Lake Champlain. To the east lie the Green
Mountains. The valleys are lush with wetlands, forests,
meadows, and orchards. Towns are nestled into the hills,
back dropped by views west and east.
Recreation opportunities are in close proximity to the
Byway routes, including opportunities for hiking, cycling, Vergennes and Middlebury are the biggest towns within
winter sports, boating, bird‐watching, horseback riding, the Addison County byway towns. For this reason they are
leaf‐peeping, fishing, hunting and camping. Needless to synonymous with larger festivals and other cultural
say, opportunities abound in this landscape. Numerous events. Farmers markets, summer music festivals and
bed and breakfasts, including farm B and B’s can be found recreational events, such as running and cycling fund‐
in Addison byway towns. raisers happen throughout the year. Middlebury hosts
Festival on the Green, Vermont Chili Festival, Very Merry
The landscape and built environment are testament to the
Middlebury, Cheese and Wine Festival, CiderFest, Friday
history of the area. Colonial era homes and civic buildings
Arts Walk, to name a few. Such events have become
are around every corner. Old barns, fences, stone walls tell
tradition in the county, not to mention other agricultural
the tale of Addison’s agricultural legacy. The Rokeby
related events that happen in the more rural towns.
museum offers stories, images and artifacts which speak
Addison’s long running Fair and Field Days, and
to pivotal historical events such as the Underground
Shoreham’s new tradition of Apple Fest, and Pirate Day at
Railroad, early settlement in Vermont and religious
the Maritime Museum in Ferrisburgh are a few examples.
conflicts.
The natural features of the area – the hills, valleys,
waterways, meadows and forests shape the landscape and
provide unique, identifiable character to each town. They
are vital wildlife habitats and distinguish Addison County
as a rural county. Sighting osprey, deer, bobcat and many
other animals is a common occurrence and part and parcel
to visiting this area.
15 Chapter 4 Intrinsic Qualities | Addison County Corridor Management Plan – Lake Champlain BywayArcheological elements within the byway towns are
harder to detect. Thankfully experts at the Maritime
Museum, the Rokeby Museum, and the Vermont Folk life
Center in Middlebury are some of the keepers of this
information, all of which are places along the Byways
which visitors can explore, not to mention the historical
societies within each town.
Opportunities and Impacts
As noted in the most recent work sessions and survey,
hosted by the Lake Champlain Byway Council, there is
ample room for improving our Byway. The Byway
identifies scenic, recreational and cultural journeys and
destinations. In this way they are conduits for both local
adventurers and tourists. They bring attention to places of
interest and in this way can be a way to support the small,
rural towns and villages, farmers and business owners who
are in close proximity.
Tourism has always been an economic necessity for
Vermont. In this way, the unique, rural landscape,
agricultural presence, outdoor recreational opportunities,
and walkable town centers are the fabric keeping the
tourist economy in place.
Town Planning and Community Design
Town planning and cultural programming is essential in
cultivating places that people wish to visit and for
preserving the unique natural and agricultural landscape
that define Addison County. Town’s along the Route 7
corridor, such as Vergennes, Ferrisburgh and Middlebury
have a particular challenge to keep sprawl development
from impacting this scenic corridor. Cornwall and Whiting,
located along Route 30, have to make efforts to slow
traffic and welcome visitors to stop and linger. Robust
town plans, zoning regulations and design standards must
be in place in order to accomplish these goals.
Multimodal
To fit within Vermont’s current State and regional goals,
such as the Vermont State Energy Plan and Vermont’s
Agency of Transportation’s (VTRANS) policies for multi‐
modal opportunities. The Byway must incorporate
walking, cycling, and public transportation opportunities
alongside the car.
16 Chapter 4 Intrinsic Qualities | Addison County Corridor Management Plan – Lake Champlain BywayAddison County Transit Resources (ACTR) is Addison
County’s regional public bus system. ACTR provides
opportunities to travel from Middlebury, Vergennes and
Bristol, with stops in‐between. Bikes can be placed on the
front of all of these buses. There is also bus route
connection between Rutland (the Rutland Connector),
Middlebury and Burlington daily. There are seasonal train
tours through Addison County with the Ethan Allen
Express. Vermont Rail hopes to expand travel through this
north‐south corridor in the next five years, contingent on
bridge work in the Town of Middlebury.
National and State efforts which advocate and support
increased opportunities for safe walking and cycling are
increasing. The Vermont Safe Routes To School Program,
VTRANS’s Alternative Transportation Grants and other
State and Federal grants are allowing towns to pursue the
implementation of trails, sidewalks and road striping for
safer cycling.
Offering opportunities to get out of the car create a
areas. Ferrisburgh is also well situated to be a waypoint
welcoming and interesting environment to both local and
community in the future. Byway goals and features should
non‐local travelers.
be considered in any economic development for these and
all byway towns.
Multi‐destination
It is essential that all byway sites identified within the Lake
Focus Areas
Champlain Byway share resources and opportunities in Based on Addison County’s characteristics, past byway
order to become more financially feasible and sustainable committees have recognized Addison County’s strongest
into the future. Ideas such as event calendar sharing and attributes to be agriculture (local food) and outdoor
‘suggested routes and stops’ will serve this purpose. recreation. These areas can guide priority partnerships and
theme ideas for byway planning in Addison County.
Please see Chapter 5 for more on strategies.
Agriculture
Waypoint Communities In the past 10 years, the local Farm and Food
In the previous management plan, Waypoint Communities movement has grown at an unprecedented rate.
were identified as communities along a byway that offer Addison County has over 250 diversified farms
(or have the potential to offer) multimodal transportation, which are described and mapped in the
visitor services and amenities, traveler information, public Local Farm and Food Guide published by Addison
restrooms, and can serve as a ‘hub’ to other nearby County Relocalization Network (ACORN) and the
resources. Addison’s larger waypoint communities, along Addison Independent. The Vermont Food Systems
the current Byways, are Vergennes and Middlebury. Atlas is another great resource for
finding local food/routes partnerships. The
Since the last management plan it is clear that now, both Addison County Farm Bureau continues to
Shoreham and Orwell also have the potential to provide showcase Addison County’s agricultural legacy.
waypoint amenities and services in the more rural byway
17 Chapter 4 Intrinsic Qualities | Addison County Corridor Management Plan – Lake Champlain BywayIn Addison County there are year‐round farmers markets and food‐related festivities in numerous byway towns. Shoreham has their Apple Fest in September, Middlebury their Chili Festival in March, Cornwall their strawberry festival in June – and the list goes on. Local food is the buzz word of the decade and Addison County has much to showcase. Recreation Opportunities for outdoor recreation abound in Addison County. The byway towns, and their neighboring towns offer hiking, birding, water sports, cycling routes and tours, including sections of the Lake Champlain Bikeway, snow sports, such as Nordic skiing, snow shoeing, ice‐skating and snowmobiling on nearby VAST trails. Byway planning needs to consider people’s love of being out of their cars. Suggested trips need to consider a visitors ability to get out of their car and move by foot, bike, and/or boat from one destination to another –thinking about recreation in the context of the journey and not just the final destination. See appendix for the 2014 water recreation map. 18 Chapter 4 Intrinsic Qualities | Addison County Corridor Management Plan – Lake Champlain Byway
Chapter 5 Strategies for Maintenance and
Enhancement GOALS for the Addison County Corridor of the
Lake Champlain Byway:
Plan Objectives and Goals INTRINSIC RESOURCES
To promote and celebrate the cultural, scenic
and recreational resources within the byway
The objective and purpose of the corridor
management plan is to conserve the intrinsic corridor.
values of a byway in sustainable balance with
economic development and tourism. It is a ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
process to identify and document resources To highlight and enhance tourism
with broad community involvement, monitoring opportunities at the local and regional level.
and continued advocacy.
TRANSPORTATION
The corridor management plan is to reflect the
community’s vision of their Byway with an To evolve multi‐modal transportation options
implementable action plan to establish and within the byway corridor to reflect regional
maintain the byway. The development of the and local transportation goals.
plan is expected to be a grass‐roots driven
process.
Maps
Mapping and interactive website resources are a critical
piece in marketing the Lake Champlain Byway. Byway web
content, accessible via www.lakechamplainbyway.com can
be regularly updated.
Byway maps highlight recreational, historic, natural and
cultural points of interest. There is a separate map for
water‐related recreation. See appendix and embedded
links for associated byway maps.
Partners
The current partners in Addison County for Lake
Champlain Byway efforts are:
o Lake Champlain Byway Council
o Addison County Chamber of Commerce
o Rokeby Museum
o Addison County Site Managers
o Town of Middlebury
o Addison County Walk‐Bike Council
19 Chapter 5 Strategies for Maintenance and Enhancement | Addison County Corridor Management Plan – Lake
Champlain Bywayo Addison County Regional Planning and
Transportation Advisory Committee (TAC)
o Town of Bristol
o Town of Ferrisburgh
o City of Vergennes
o Town of Panton
o Town of Addison
o Town of Shoreham
o Town of Orwell
o Town of Cornwall
o Town of Whiting
Potential Partners
o Addison County Economic Development Corp.
o Addison County Re‐localization Network (ACORN)
o Addison County Transit Resources (ACTR)
o Lake Champlain Basin Program Survey Categories covered included:
o Lake Champlain Bikeways Operational – when is the site open, who is coming, how
o Middlebury Downtown Business Association many are coming and who are the site managers trying to
o Vermont Agency of Transportation attract?
o Vermont Department of Forests and Parks Interpretive programming – are there paid/unpaid
o Vermont Division for Historic Preservation
interpretive staff, what kind of interpretive
o Vermont Farm Bureau
o Other Addison County Towns methods/material/special programs and what is most
o Historical Societies popular of these?
o Crown Point Road Association Interpretive Themes – what, if any, is the interpretive
o George D. Aiken Resource Conservation and theme of the site?
Development Council Outreach Services and Marketing – what outreach
o Hannaford Career Center services do the sites use and are site managers interested
o Heart of Vermont Lodging Association
in a joint membership and/or discount ticket program?
o Otter Creek Audubon Society
o Otter Creek Natural Resources Conservation
District
o Middlebury Area Land Trust (MALT)
Recent Planning Activities and Recommended Actions
2014 Site Manager Survey
In the spring of 2014 the Lake Champlain Byway Council
sent out a survey to forty seven sites along the Champlain
Byway, which included the Addison County sections. The
survey was available for two months. The intention of the
survey was to better understand the opportunities,
challenges and current use of the sites along the byway,
and how efforts between site managers could be
coordinated.
20 Chapter 5 Strategies for Maintenance and Enhancement | Addison County Corridor Management Plan – Lake
Champlain Byway Byway theme of the year
Who’s in Our World – within a 30 min drive
2014 Survey Conclusions Routes ‘the journey is part of the experience’
Start a ‘Byways club’
1. Majority of sites have no paid or Attract locals
volunteer interpretive staff Develop exit survey for site visitors
Engage the for‐profit sector
2. Printed material, followed closely by Better way‐finding
special programs are the most popular Building critical mass among year round facilities
interpretive materials Share major events on an updateable, on‐line
calendar
3. Outdoor interpretive panels and exhibits
10 Action Items for Byway Coordination
are the next most popular programming
Efforts
Based on the May 6th discussions and the above
4. Answering questions and providing
mentioned survey responses, Landslide Inc. wrote a
demonstrations are the primary
summary report ‐ The Lake Champlain Byway
interpretive staff interactions with the
Interpretation Coordination Plan.
public
This document contains recommended action items to
increase the success of the Lake Champlain Byway
program and associated sites.
The following Action items pertain to Addison County, and
are recommended tasks to pursue to increase the
2014 Site Manager Meet‐Up functionality of sites along our Byway, and encourage
On May 6th, 2014 the LCBC hosted a site manager meet‐ visitors to our byway towns:
up at Shelburne Museum. Seventeen sites participated
and shared experiences, beneficial partnerships, barriers
to success and opportunities for collaboration.
Collaborative, statewide projects/programs were
identified that benefit more than one site along the LCB.
Sites in Addison County benefit from the following:
Lake Champlain Basin Program
Local Motion
Green Coupon
VT Department of Tourism and Marketing
Project Ideas
The following were project ideas from the meeting:
Develop a specific, unifying theme of alternative
transportation corridors (bicycling and
international waterway)
Suggested itineraries
21 Chapter 5 Strategies for Maintenance and Enhancement | Addison County Corridor Management Plan – Lake
Champlain BywayLake Champlain Byway Based on these tasks, the following recommended
2014 Identified Tasks for Interpretation actions can be identified for Addison County,
specifically:
Coordination
1. Share major events on an updateable, on‐line
calendar to increase awareness of on‐going
Lake Champlain Byway:
activities and special events, updated by site
Addison County Corridor
managers throughout the year.
Recommended Actions
2. Who’s in Our World (within a thirty minute 1. Reinvigorate partnerships between the Lake
drive)– produce a spreadsheet that outlines Champlain Byway Council and a diversity of
proximity of sites and other venues to each Addison County stakeholders within the two
byway feature focus areas of agriculture and recreation:
farmers, local food producers, recreation‐
3. Provide ‘suggested itineraries’ or ‘routes’ for business owners etc.
visitors based on proximities ‐ ‘go on historic
place walk, see the views at point view, go for 2. Create partnerships between fellow Addison
swim here and end up at pub X’. County byway towns, byway site managers, local
business owners and transportation experts and
4. With the Lake Champlain Byway Council, committees.
develop annual unifying theme for the Lake
Champlain Byway – building programing and 3. Create an updated Bike and Pedestrian
events around a theme. Regional Plan for Addison County.
5. Consider focusing efforts on alternative
transportation opportunities along Byway –
cycling, boating, and train, especially as a way to
attract locals.
6. Start a ‘Byway Club’ to incentive visiting all
sites along a byway.
7. Work with the Lake Champlain Byway Council
to develop an ‘exit survey’ for visitors.
8. Attract locals by weaving ‘stay‐cation’ and ‘buy
local’ campaigns into marketing the Byway.
9. Engage the for‐profit sector. For‐profit
businesses should provide a symbiotic
relationship to the Byway. Meet with these
potential partners.
10. Improve way‐finding. With the Lake
Champlain Byway Council develop both on‐line
and pdf versions of routes, and consider a
common family of signs.
22 | Addison County Corridor Management Plan – Lake Champlain BywayAppendix
A: Brochure, Lake Champlain Byway
B: Brochure, Addison County: Guide to activities
along the Lake Champlain Byway
C: Brochure, Water Recreation Sites of the Lake
Champlain Byway
D: Brochure, Winter Activities along the Lake
Champlain Byway
E: 2014 Byway Site Manager Survey Results
23 Appendix | Addison County Corridor Management Plan – Lake Champlain Bywaythe Philadelphia, or viewing the many other historic
play. The Museum of Art hosts outstanding exhibits
emanate from the stunning Kevin P. Mahaney Center
in 1800. Much of the modern-day cultural activities
County a destination for all varieties of outdoor
ddison County is the southern-most
the oldest incorporated village museum in America.
Mountains and the shores of Lake Champlain.
concerts, plays and other programs for all tastes.
www.AddisonCounty.com
here you can easily continue your drive and
of the college’s permanent collection and visiting
key role in the Revolutionary
Other historical and cultural gems include Rokeby
lake. At the Lake Champlain
history as well as it played a
Addison County!
are members of the Byway program.) From
lake’s rich maritime history by boarding a replica
Addison County is rich with
of Benedict Arnold’s Revolutionary War gunboat,
collection of municipalities along
one of Vermont’s most historically significant
exhibits. With two beautifully restored theaters,
for the Arts, which on any given day may offer a
natural resources—miles of fertile farmland
connect to other Vermont Byways—Stone
modern dance recital, concert, or a one-person
the Vergennes Opera House and Middlebury’s
Museum, a National Historic Landmark and one
Museum of Vermont History, founded in 1882, is
Running through the county is Otter Creek,
acre Mount Independence
1-800-SEE-VERMONT
to freedom. Visit the 300-
of the best-documented Underground Railroad
(Seven of the county’s 23 municipalities
Maritime Museum visitors can experience the
is the state’s longest river. The proximity of
lakes, rivers and mountains make Addison
strategically-located Fort
State Historic Site or the
War and America’s road
sites in America. Middlebury’s Henry Sheldon
waterways, and at 100 miles in length, it
Ticonderoga across the
activities—hiking, biking, skiing, fishing,
Town Hall Theater, Addison County offers
the Lake Champlain Byway.
bordered by the foothills of the Green
Welcome to
boating—just to name a few.
itself a historic treasure founded
the Crossroad of Vermont
This region of Vermont is
blessed with magnificent
County is Middlebury College,
south, Mad River Valley
Byway to our southeast.
the history of Vermont through
documenting and maintaining
milk and honey” as it is
Byway to the east, and
The cultural heart of Addison
also in Middlebury, has been
known as “the land of
The Vermont Folklife Center,
Valley Byway to the
countless interviews with
interesting Vermonters.
vessels and exhibits.
A
Middlebury
Middlebury, the shire town of Addison County, was chartered in 1761 and
was settled just after the Revolutionary War. Today, the village is listed on the Historic inns, Town Hall Theater (featuring year-round music, dance, opera
National Register of Historic Places and is home to internationally-recognized and plays), Henry Sheldon Museum, Vermont Folklife Center and The National
Middlebury College, many businesses, architecturally distinguished churches Museum of the Morgan Horse are all within a ten-minute walk of the Town
and public buildings, as well as approximately 8,200 residents. Green and gazebo. Middlebury College has a full schedule of performing arts
events, a Museum of Fine Arts, many outdoor art installations, outstanding
Passing through the heart of the historic village is the Otter Creek, the longest college athletics and much more.
river in Vermont. You can see its powerful waterfall from the Battell Bridge and
through the windows of the art gallery that was once a mill. In Cannon Park, Within a short drive from your base in Middlebury, you can visit two covered
across from the Henry Sheldon Museum of Vermont History, there is an historic bridges, several scenic vistas, the University of Vermont Morgan Horse Farm,
marker commemorating John Deere and his invention of the “the plow that or several local manufacturers that welcome you to see pewter, wood products
broke the plains.” From 1821 to 1825 Deere apprenticed at an area blacksmith or craft-brewed beer being made. If you are looking for exercise jump on the
shop. Deere then moved to Illinois where he built the world’s first steel Trail Around Middlebury, which welcomes walkers, bicyclists, cross-country
moldboard plow. skiers and snow shoe enthusiasts.
Ferrisburgh
Founded in 1762, Ferrisburgh’s western boundary is Lake Champlain
where much of the shoreline constitutes some of the best natural harbors Vergennes
on the lake. Otter Creek is navigable to Vergennes, a distance of eight Just two square miles, Vergennes bills itself as America’s smallest
miles, and but for the falls there and at Middlebury, the river could be city and was named in honor of the Comte de Vergennes who
navigated by small craft for a considerable distance. served as the French Minister of Foreign Affairs and negotiator of
the Treaty of Paris. Just west of downtown are the scenic Vergennes
Two Vermont State Parks are located in Ferrisburgh—Button Bay and Falls where Otter Creek traverses the city and water-powered sawmills
Kingsland Bay—offering camping, picnicking, swimming, and boat once operated.
access. Nearby, the Lake Champlain Maritime Museum shares the rich
history and archaeology of Lake Champlain. The City Hall and Vergennes Opera House‚ constructed in 1897‚ is
still the center of Vergennes’ business and cultural life. The beautifully
Rokeby Museum, a National Historic Landmark, is a 90-acre historic restored‚ acoustically superb Opera House presents year-round jazz‚
site which is one of the best-documented Underground Railroad sites opera‚ folk‚ classical and theater performances. A walk down Main
in the country. Street brings you by Bixby Library, with its beautiful stained-glass
domed ceiling. A detour down the sidewalk-lined side streets takes
one past houses that speak of the city’s 19th century prosperity.
Cornwall
Cornwall, in the central part of Addison County, is located
four miles southwest of Middlebury. Cornwall was largely an Shoreham
agricultural town, specializing in Merino sheep production, Shoreham was instrumental in the 1775 capture of Fort
Morgan horses and apple orchards with many dairy farms as Ticonderoga when the Green Mountain Boys launched from
well. Today, Cornwall has a few working dairy farms remaining its shores.
and one fully operating apple orchard.
Agriculture has always been a mainstay of the Shoreham
Natural resources include the Lemon Fair River which crosses economy. Merino sheep were first imported in 1816. For
the northwest corner and Otter Creek which flows along a much of the 19th century they brought wealth and recognition
part of the eastern boundary. The cedar swamp takes up much to the town. Now dairy cattle outnumber sheep. Over the
of Cornwall’s southeast corner, the swamp being several years Shoreham has had carding mills, an ax handle factory,
thousand acres. There is a major limestone ledge in the an iron forge, sawmills, grist mills, and a quarry producing
center part of the town. some of the best black marble in the country.
Agriculture is still prevalent in the town today with several
apple orchards. There are several access points to Lake
Champlain for boating and fishing.
Orwell
The Town of Orwell was chartered in 1763, but no
settlement occurred in town until 1771. By the mid-
Whiting
1770s, a few families were living in town, clearing land Chartered in 1763 the town of Whiting is home to less than
and building shelters for themselves and their livestock. 400 residents today. The town borders on Otter Creek and
approximately one third of the town’s land is occupied
With access to Lake Champlain and a hill looking across by what is now known as the Cornwall Swamp Wildlife
the lake towards Fort Ticonderoga, Mount Independence Management area. Otter Creek originally contained no
was constructed by the American colonial forces. valuable fish until a resident transferred various species
In 1776 the military complex was one of the largest from Lake Champlain into the creek in 1819 making it
communities in North America. The 300-acre site is now an excellent source for fishing. The Whiting Swamp, land
one of Vermont’s premier state-operated historic sites. recently purchased by the Nature Conservancy, provides
access for fishing, boating and hiking.
Home to approximately 1,200 residents, the community
features many farms, orchards, and several access points
to Lake Champlain for boating, kayaking and fishing.
Culture
For more information on the Lake Champlain Byway visit www.LakeChamplainByway.com
This brochure was funded in part by the Federal Highway Administration.
memorable roads. The Byway works to support unique travel experiences
and enhance local quality of life by preserving, protecting, interpreting,
P: 800-SEE-VERMONT or 802-388-7951
Lake Cha
Guide to A
Addison County Chamber of Commerce
Middlebury, Kevin P. Mahaney ’84 Center for the Arts, Middlebury
Program which promotes the recognition and enjoyment of America’s
Orwell: Mount Independence. Courtesy of Mount Independence
The Byway works with the Administration’s National Scenic Byways
and promoting its intrinsic qualities. For more information, visit the
Addiso
Vergennes: City Hall and Vergennes Opera House, Vergennes
Cornwall: Cornwall pastures and distant view of Adirondacks
Front cover: Cornwall hay fields. Courtesy of Kirsten Hoving
Ferrisburgh: Button Bay State Park. Courtesy of LandWorks/
Middlebury: Otter Creek Falls, viewed from Marble Works,
Welcome section: top to bottom: Foliage, Addison County;
Otter Creek Basin, Vergennes; Farmers Market, Middlebury
W: www.AddisonCounty.com
E: info@addisoncounty.com
93 Court Street/Route 7
Back cover: Middlebury College Bread Loaf Campus
Nature
Middlebury, VT 05753
Byway’s website at www.lakechamplainbyway.com.
Shoreham: Shoreham Whiting Covered Bridge
Chamber of Commerce unless otherwise noted.
c
m
t
Whiting: Whiting Community Church
i
n
v
p
Histor
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Photos courtesy of Addison County
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ies Along the
ai
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College, Middlebury
u
State Historic Site
Sensible World
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Recreati
Photos:
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··
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·24 Appendix | Addison County Corridor Management Plan – Lake Champlain Byway
25 Appendix | Addison County Corridor Management Plan – Lake Champlain Byway
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