INTERACTIVE COURSES - AS A FACTOR TO INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY OF TEACHING TECHNOLOGY - Master Journals
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CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS 2(9): 150-158,
September 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/pedagogics-crjp-02-09-33
ISSN 2767-3278
©2021 Master Journals
Accepted 25thSeptember, 2021 & Published 30thSeptember, 2021
INTERACTIVE COURSES - AS A FACTOR TO INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY OF TEACHING
TECHNOLOGY
Ismoil Karimov
Candidate Of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, Kokand State Pedagogy Named After Muqimi, Uzbekistan
ABSTRACT
The article discusses some aspects of the organization of new pedagogical technologies in the teaching of
technology in general secondary schools, including the effectiveness of the use of interactive methods in the
teaching of technology.
KEYWORDS:- Technology, student, teaching, national education, integrated lesson, interactive lesson,
pedagogical technology, educational technology, teaching technology, technological process, technological
operation, technological map, technological mode, technologicalization of education, essence, content,
interest, profession, profession , result.
not find a decent job, we will lose this deposit."2
INTRODUCTION This issue, along with other disciplines, is a key
task in the teaching of technology. This requires
The issues of upbringing a harmoniously the effective and rational use of teaching
developed generation and leading a healthy methods in the teaching process, as well as the
lifestyle of young people are considered as improvement of these methods, the search for
topical issues on the agenda of the meetings and new ones, increasing the effectiveness of
speeches of the head of our state during his visit technology education. Therefore, the main issue
to each region. As the President said: "If we do in the field of education today is the training of
not bring up our children properly, if we do not qualified teachers who are well versed in the
pay attention to their behavior every day, every methods and forms of education and can easily
minute, if we do not teach them science, if we do apply them in practice. Because the
not find a decent job, we will lose this deposit."1
The issues of upbringing a harmoniously _________________________
developed generation and leading a healthy 1Mirziyoev Sh. Let us be more united and work
lifestyle of young people are considered as resolutely for the fate and future of our country.
topical issues on the agenda of the meetings and // "People's word" newspaper, June 16, 2017.
speeches of the head of our state during his visit
to each region. As the President said: "If we do 2Decree of the President of the Republic of
not bring up our children properly, if we do not Uzbekistan "On measures to develop education
pay attention to their behavior every day, every and science in the new period of development of
minute, if we do not teach them science, if we do Uzbekistan." T., November 6, 2020 PF-6108
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https://masterjournals.com/index.php/crjpCURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS 2(9): 150-158,
September 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/pedagogics-crjp-02-09-33
ISSN 2767-3278
©2021 Master Journals
Accepted 25thSeptember, 2021 & Published 30thSeptember, 2021
transportation, warehousing, storage and
teacher's personality and his activity are of production (process-action aspect of
special importance in educating students, technology).
directing them to professions. Hence the In production, the following concepts derived
openness that the teacher leads from the word “technology” are used.
nothing else can overwhelm the communication- Technological process – a unit of technological
style training process. Therefore, improving the operations that form a single process in the
quality and effectiveness of education is an processing of a manufactured product.
important factor in the training of qualified Technological operation – part of a process in the
teachers, to improve their professional skills. form of a completed action performed by a
The term technology, its types and applications. worker at his or her workplace.
It is known that "Technology" is derived from the Technological map – a document describing the
Greek word "tehne", which means skill, art and sequence of technological operations in the
"logos" - the word, doctrine, science. The term production of a particular product.
was first used in science in the 1870s in
connection with the development of production Технологик режим - is a procedure for
and technology, and was considered as a science determining the implementation of technological
of processing materials, semi-finished products, operations, which determines the timing and
changing their composition, properties, conditions of operations that can be performed
appearance, preparation, scope. Technology is in the production of a particular product.
divided into technical (manufacturing) and "Pedagogical technology", which is part of the
humanitarian (educational) technologies. humanities, is an educational process that uses
“Technology”, “Technical technology”, technologies that shape the personality, develop
“Pedagogical technology” What do the concepts its qualities and characteristics in pedagogical
mean? theory and practice, and the educational process
Technical technology means: a unit of ways that implements teaching and didactic
and methods of obtaining, processing or technologies.
processing of raw materials, semi-finished A new type of curriculum, syllabus and
products or products, ie it is a production educational standards have been developed to
technology, which consists of a set of methods improve the national education system. But in
for processing and processing of labor objects order to fully implement them, to bring new
(technological process- descriptive aspect). In pedagogical experiences, technologies into the
other words, it is the science that develops and content of education, it is necessary to create
perfects the ways, methods described above. conditions for their introduction. Consequently,
The task of technology as a science is to identify the class-lesson method of traditional teaching
efficient, cost-effective production processes that that is now widely used has its own advantages
require the least expenditure of material and disadvantages. In the lectures, stories,
resources and time, and to find laws to apply in conversations, and similar methods used, the
practice (scientific aspect). idea given by the teacher is often absorbed one-
sidedly by the student. In this case, the feedback
The process itself consists of technical control of between the teacher and the student is not ideal.
finding, mining, processing, processing, If the teacher is skilled and has a culture of
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https://masterjournals.com/index.php/crjpCURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS 2(9): 150-158,
September 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/pedagogics-crjp-02-09-33
ISSN 2767-3278
©2021 Master Journals
Accepted 25thSeptember, 2021 & Published 30thSeptember, 2021
speech, is able to express their ideas clearly, 2) its rules are not very constructive and lag
simply and clearly – the goal can also be achieved behind the requirements of the time;
with this method. Of course, not all educators 3) Techniques, programmed into the
have this ability. So, the main guarantee of educational process in the 60s of XX century
success is the active involvement of all students the introduction of training machines, and so
in the teaching-learning process. on.
Lessons by giving him the signs of perfection, Hence, the flow of pedagogical technology was
clarity, orderliness, orderliness, fluency, born in the United States and in the 70s and 80s
calmness of the learning process of the twentieth century covered almost all
The search for ways to increase efficiency and developed countries and was also approved by
optimization has always been carried out in the UNESCO.
field of pedagogy. Jan Amos Comenius is such a The idea of technologicalization of education is
master of “time, subjects and methods” in the based on the full management of the educational
learning process tried to find a lesson distributed process in order to increase the efficiency of the
with and its ideal appearance (variant). Then, in educational process, to ensure that students
Comenius's view, "everything moves forward, achieve the projected learning outcomes in the
like a clock with stones of the right balance, and given conditions and time. The essence of such
with the accuracy that can be achieved in such a an approach is to systematize the educational
pleasing and joyful and, ultimately, skillfully process, to maximize its formation by breaking it
crafted instrument as the construction of this down into clearly defined and detailed elements
kind of machine gun." Modern pedagogy also in detail.
develops such models of education, approaches
to it that allow to give education, as in the The subject of pedagogical technologies consists
production-technological process, a character of proving the conceptual foundations of the
that guarantees the achievement of educational education system, setting goals, formulating
goals under certain conditions and within a results, selecting and structuring teaching
specified time. materials, choosing a model of education to
implement them, designing their optimal and
The first research on the technological approach effective level. At that time, the essence of
to teaching, that is, the technological-repetitive pedagogical technology was to abandon the
nature of the learning process, as well as the traditional method of oral narration of the
process of production, was conducted by teacher, to teach by machine (computer) on the
American scientists in the early 60s of the basis of tests, to encourage students to learn
twentieth century. In particular, the term more independently, but now the meaning of the
"pedagogical technology" was first used by the phrase has expanded.
American pedagogical scientist Skinner. As a
result of studying and analyzing the pedagogical The body of the concept of training technology
literature, it became clear that the reason for the for foreign professionals believe that the history
emergence of this phrase in the education system of its arrival and development consists of three
was: stages. Training in the first stage the process
was carried out only by the teacher himself and
1) the principles of didactics are not recognized there were no tools to help him. In the words of
in all countries (especially in the United N.F. Talizina, “human experience has served as a
States);
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September 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/pedagogics-crjp-02-09-33
ISSN 2767-3278
©2021 Master Journals
Accepted 25thSeptember, 2021 & Published 30thSeptember, 2021
learning technology”. In the second After the The technological approach to teaching,
publication of stage books and manuals, there developed in the United States, is now
was a radical change in the content of teaching successfully used in a number of countries
technology: in addition to textbooks and didactic around the world (England, France, Japan, Korea,
materials created for teachers, students and Taiwan, Malaysia, etc.). This idea has also been
pupils, various technical means, modern endorsed by UNESCO and recommended for
computers (teaching machines) were added. In implementation in all countries.
the future, under the influence of the revolution The introduction of the technological nature of
of scientific and technological progress, further the educational process in the theory and
improvement of teaching technology in higher practice of education began in the 50s of the
education is expected. twentieth century. These are reflected in the
After the publication of stage books and manuals, creation of a set of technical tools for traditional
there was a radical change in the content of teaching. At present, pedagogical technology is
teaching technology: in addition to textbooks and not simply “considered as research in the use of
didactic materials created for teachers, students teaching aids or computers; factors that increase
and pupils, various technical means, modern the effectiveness of this training research aimed
computers (teaching machines) were added. In at developing methods for identifying and
the future, under the influence of the revolution optimizing the principles of the educational
of scientific and technological progress, further process through analysis and application, as well
improvement of teaching technology in higher as through the evaluation of the methods used.
education is expected. According to VP Bespalko, the transfer of all
The main aspects of the organization of teaching educational work to the path of pedagogical
in a technological way, which are radically technology means a sharp shift from the
different from traditional methods, are: voluntary in the construction and
implementation of teaching practice, pedagogical
1. Separation of identified learning objectives process to the systematic justification of each
for each topic (unit of study), the element and stage, the pursuit of an objectively
development of test assignments in diagnosed end result.
accordance with them.
He is currently in pedagogical science and
2. Transition of the organization of the practice "Pedagogical technology", "educational
educational process to the independent technology", “teaching technology” terms such as
mastery, leaving the teacher the functions of are widely used. Along with their common
referral, counseling. similarities, there are also specific differences in
3. Organization of the teaching process in a understanding them. In particular, pedagogical
repetitive way, ensuring full mastery of each technology is a systematic category that defines
unit by all pupils and students. the technology of the educational process as a
whole. Education technology, teaching
4. To teach students to perform actions that can technology, etc. can be used as a synonym to
be observed from the outside in relation to
define all other concepts of technology. Teaching
the science (specialty). technology is, first and foremost, a process action
5. Make adjustments to the purpose and aspect of pedagogical technology. This allows the
content of the learning process depending on learning process to be guaranteed in the
the learning outcomes, etc. changing conditions, to achieve the desired
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https://masterjournals.com/index.php/crjpCURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS 2(9): 150-158,
September 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/pedagogics-crjp-02-09-33
ISSN 2767-3278
©2021 Master Journals
Accepted 25thSeptember, 2021 & Published 30thSeptember, 2021
results in the allotted time, and to provide learning information). 3. Process part (methods,
specific training, technological process of ways, means, forms of teaching, information and
development and implementation of the management).
educational model, which combines the orderly Teaching technology (OT) - a clear (specific)
unity of methods and tools (technological educational goal
operations) that ensure the implementation of
educational processes; second, it represents a the process of development and implementation
process-descriptive aspect of pedagogical of the training model and its description
technology. It is a statement of the (technological map), which guarantees the
implementation of the project of both implementation and achievement of the desired
pedagogical and educational activities to achieve results in the future. OT structure: methods,
this goal and achieve the desired result in the ways, tools, learning information and
future (technological map). management forms.
Educational technology is used to define the Subject methodology (PM) is a field of
scientific aspect of pedagogical technology. This pedagogical science that answers the following
(subject) is "a systematic way of creating, questions: What should be taught? How to teach?
applying and defining all processes of teaching How to read? The content of the PM is to define
and learning, taking into account the technical the tasks and content of teaching this subject and
and human resources and their cooperation, to implement it.
which aims to optimize the forms of education." From the above, it is clear that educational
What are the similarities and differences technology is a pedagogical system
between the concepts of "pedagogical system",
component. The process part is an important
"educational technology", "teaching technology"
element of educational technology.
and "subject methodology"?
In contrast to the subject-based teaching
A comparative description of these concepts is as
methodology, the technology is designed as
follows: Pedagogical system (PT) is a specific
follows:
whole consisting of a set of interrelated tools,
methods, processes necessary for targeted and • focuses on pre-conceived specific
predetermined pedagogical impact on the pedagogical activities aimed at achieving the
formation of a person with defined qualities. PT desired results, depending on the specific
components: 1. Teaching. 2. The learner. 3. circumstances;
Purposeful. 4. Result. 5. Content of educational • its effectiveness, the restoration of results, is
information. 6. Pedagogical technology (methods, characterized by the fact that the word "if" is
ways, means and forms of management). 7. not used in most cases, if there is a sufficient
Control analytical component. number of talented teachers and talented
Educational technology (TT) is a systematic way learners, teaching aids, including information
of creating, applying and defining teaching and technology, etc
learning processes, taking into account the • there can be no alternatives, its main task is
cooperation of technical and human resources, as to ensure the achievement of the planned
well as the task of optimizing the forms of result;
education. TT structure: 1. Conceptual
framework. 2. Content part goals (results, • The course is aimed at ensuring that learners
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September 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/pedagogics-crjp-02-09-33
ISSN 2767-3278
©2021 Master Journals
Accepted 25thSeptember, 2021 & Published 30thSeptember, 2021
achieve academic success through learning knowledge and the application of knowledge
and individual learning, as opposed to acquired by the learner: problematic in nature,
methodological development; inquisitive, creative. The integrity of education
• There should be nothing superfluous in and upbringing is focused on the development of
technology: changing the ways, means and individual culture. A new process of teaching:
means of assimilation, which is a sign of the learner - textbook - educator. Analysis of this
lack of technology. data shows that modern education based on new
pedagogical technologies differs significantly
It should be noted that in the educational from traditional education in terms of conceptual
process, the pedagogue-technologist does not foundations, teaching methods and tools, forms
conduct a separate experiment, he works on the of its organization and results, the level of
basis of a predicted result; relies only on well- knowledge, skills and abilities of students. It is a
known, tested, grounded, and unsuspecting fact that the introduction of modern pedagogical
information. technologies does not require proof that it helps
The following are the differences and signs to improve the learning process. This, in turn,
between traditional teaching and modern will accelerate the positive changes in the public
technology-based teaching. education system of independent Uzbekistan.
Summing up the essence of modern pedagogical
Traditional teaching асосий features (conceptual
technology, we can say the following: The
foundations) - coercive, instructive approach to
essence of pedagogical technology is the pre-
the learner, reproductive in most ways, based on
design of the teaching process as a whole and
an authoritarian pedagogy that strictly organizes
complete.
teaching, does not provide much independence
and initiative of learners. Teaching is aimed at In a well-designed technological process, the
the student, who has been somehow average, to chain of pedagogical and lesson work actions,
master and re-acquire knowledge. Reading is a operations and communications has the form of
function of memory, and teaching is a leading expected concrete results, is formed in strict
activity. The person is superficially aware of the accordance with the set goals. The step-by-step
concepts and information, does not fully design and sequencing of technological
understand their essence, and h. Teaching operations, on the one hand, must be reworked
process: teacher - textbook - learner. by any learner, Яъни: on the other hand, it is
necessary to ensure that the planned results are
The main features of teaching based on modern
achieved by all learners, with the technological
technology
process taking into account the interrelated
(conceptual foundations) - based on education activities of the teacher and the learner, the
aimed at shaping the individual. The learner is a principles of differentiation and their
key figure in the learning process. individuality, the optimal implementation of the
The humanism and democratization of relations, human factor and technical capabilities.
the renunciation of compulsion to study. presupposes the use of dialogue and
Differentiated approach to teaching: the general communication. That is:
level of intellectual development of the learner The main part of pedagogical technology is the
and his taking into account the subject, mastery implementation of specific criteria and indicators
of the subject, its abilities and qualities. Learning of performance evaluation with equal
activity is the independent acquisition of opportunities, and thus the process of diagnosis;
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September 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/pedagogics-crjp-02-09-33
ISSN 2767-3278
©2021 Master Journals
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The process of making corrections should focus activities of organizations, institutions:
on changing the way the learning process is court, investigation, tribunal, circus,
applied to the learner, not on the learner’s patent, bureau, academic council.
mistakes. 2. Lessons based on simulation activities for
So, one of the most advanced methods of modern public and cultural events: field trip, trip
teaching is interactive methods of teaching, to the past, literary tour, literary hotel,
which activate the learning process, increase interview, reportage.
responsibility for reading, initiative from 3. Lessons based on traditional
teachers and students, foster the spirit of extracurricular activities: cheerful and
independent learning and creativity, make the clever debate, discussion or poetry lesson,
teaching process more lively and interesting. mornings, performance-lesson, concert-
The use of interactive teaching methods brings lesson, analysis of works of art, club of
enthusiasm and enthusiasm to the educational scholars, "Investigation is led by
work in the school. Skilled, creative teachers use knowledge", etc.
interactive methods of teaching in schools and 4. Интеграциялашган (уйғунлашган)
achieve high results in educational work. Thanks дарс.
to their creative pursuits and efforts, they are in
modern teaching practice Modern lesson theory, 5. Lessons with modified traditional
methodological bases, technology are created methods of lesson construction: lesson-
and used in educational institutions. Interactive consultation, lesson-practicum, lesson-
lessons are divided into the following groups seminar, double question, express,
according to their content, purpose and method: assessment defense, TV lesson without TV
Мусобақа, ўйин тарзидаги дарслар: конкурс, and so on.
турнир, relay, lingi-vistik, domestic life, duel, The purpose of interactive lessons is to organize
day, practical, role, plot games, crossword lessons:
puzzles, quizzes and more.
conduct lessons taking into account the
Lessons that organize the game material in an individual characteristics of each student;
unconventional way: wisdom lesson, open mind
lesson, lesson-block, lesson-doubler, etc. to allow each student to study topics
independently and creatively, to express their
Courses available in social practice in their own ideas freely and fully in the lessons;
genre, content, forms, and style: research,
Improving the culture of behavior and other
invention, study and interpretation of primary
sources, intellectual attack, interview, reportage, human qualities in students;
review, and so on. Conducting trainings in a business environment,
Lessons reminiscent of formal treatment: press saving time.
conference, auction, rally, debate, discussion In general, the above goal can be achieved if
(regular), panorama, television, teleconference, interactive lessons are always organized in a
report, film, "live newspaper", oral journal. festive way, in which each student can express
1. Lessons based on fantasy: fairy-tale- themselves, and the creative environment in the
classroom prevails.
lesson, lesson-surprise, Ibn Khattab's gift
lesson. Courses based on the imitation It is advisable to follow the following
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September 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/pedagogics-crjp-02-09-33
ISSN 2767-3278
©2021 Master Journals
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recommendations when organizing of a conscious attitude. Since activism arises as a
interactive lessons: result of consciousness, it requires the
Use interactive lessons to assess and record, coordination of the content, form of organization,
consolidate and generalize, expand and methods and means of implementation of
improve knowledge and skills, skills; educational work. The teacher should try to
consciously increase the interest of students in
The use of the same method by the teacher reading.
does not give a positive result, but weakens
the interest in it; REFERENCES
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level of preparation and characteristics of education and science in the new period of
the class;
development of Uzbekistan." T., November 6,
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©2021 Master Journals
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