FOR PRELIMS AND MAINS - DAILY NEWS DIARY 09.12.2021
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DAILY NEWS DIARY 09.12.2021
DAILY NEWS DIARY
Of
09.12.2021
FOR PRELIMS AND MAINS
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DAILY NEWS DIARY 09.12.2021
Warm Greetings.
➢ DnD aims to provide every day news analysis in sync with the UPSC pattern.
➢ It is targeted at UPSC – Prelims & Mains.
➢ Daily articles are provided in the form of Question and Answers
• To have a bank of mains questions.
• And interesting to read.
• Providing precise information that can be carried straight to the exam, rather than over
dumping.
Enjoy reading.
THE HINDU - TH
INDIAN EXPRESS - IE
BUSINESS LINE - BL
ECONOMIC TIMES - ET
TIMES OF INDIA - TOI
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DAILY NEWS DIARY 09.12.2021
INDEX
Essay Paper
1. Bipin Rawat was on a mission to modernise the military….………………………………………………….......04
GS 2
1. Significance of the Ken-Betwa River Interlinking project……………………………………………………….…..06
2. Relevance of US defence spending bill for the world nations…………………………………………………….07
GS 3
1. Underperforming Smog Towers…….………………………………..…………………………………………………..…..08
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DAILY NEWS DIARY 09.12.2021
ESSAY PAPER
Editorial
Q- General Bipin Rawat, India’s first CDS, was on a mission to modernise the military.
Elaborate?
INTRODUCTION = In the untimely death of General Bipin Rawat in a helicopter crash in Coonoor,
Tamil Nadu, India has lost a fine soldier who rose to become the country’s most senior general
as its first Chief of Defence Staff. All but one of the 14 people on board were killed in the crash
of the Mi-17V5 transporter, which was ferrying them from Sulur air base to the Staff College at
Wellington.
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DAILY NEWS DIARY 09.12.2021
▪ Rawat, who was Army chief until December 2019, when he was elevated to the newly
created office of CDS, was a vastly experienced officer, having served in both the
Northern and Eastern commands.
▪ He also headed the Southern command.
▪ He was involved in counter-insurgency operations in both Jammu and Kashmir and the
Northeast, and his battalion was among those deployed along the Line of Actual
Control in Arunachal Pradesh during the 1987 clash with the People’s Liberation Army in
Sumdorong Chu.
▪ Rawat’s tenure as Army chief coincided with India’s political leadership adopting a more
muscular policy against Pakistan.
▪ The stand-off with China at Doklam on the LAC also took place under his watch. At the
time he was among the first to speak openly about the possibility of India facing a “two-
front war”.
▪ He courted controversy both as Army chief and as CDS when he waded into matters
outside the remit of his office.
▪ His remarks against the protests over the citizenship law amendments, comparison of
migration into Assam as an act of Bangladesh seeking lebensraum, his approval of
lynching as an acceptable way of dealing with terrorists in J&K, description of the Air
Force as a “support arm” of the Army were regrettable.
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As CDS, it fell to Rawat to draw up plans for the modernisation of the military and make it an
efficient fighting force, a responsibility he took up with much enthusiasm as it was a cause close
to his heart –
1. However, the Integrated Battle Commands into which he wanted to reorganise the Army
did not materialise, mainly due to costs.
2. The proposal to eliminate the rank of Brigadier too got a cool reception.
In the last few months, he was preoccupied with the challenge of “theaterisation” or “jointness”
of the armed forces, envisaging five “integrated theatre commands” that would combine the tri-
services instead of each force having several regional commands. Reforming a military is no easy
task, but in the one year that remained of his tenure, he was determined to push them through.
GS 2
❖ Governance
Q- Comment on the significance of the Ken-Betwa River Interlinking project?
BACKGROUND = The Union Cabinet approved the funding and implementation of the Ken-Betwa
river interlinking project at a cost of ₹44,605 crore at the 2020-21 price level.
Significance
▪ The project involves transferring of water from the Ken river to the Betwa river through
the construction of Daudhan dam and a canal linking the two rivers, the Lower Orr Project,
Kotha Barrage and the Bina Complex Multipurpose Project.
▪ The project is slated to irrigate 10.62 lakh hectares annually, provide drinking water
supply to 62 lakh people and generate 103 MW of hydropower and 27 MW of solar power.
The project is proposed to be completed in eight years.
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▪ The project will be of immense benefit to the water-starved Bundelkhand region, spread
across Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh.
▪ This project will provide enormous benefits to the districts of Panna, Tikamgarh,
Chhatarpur, Sagar, Damoh, Datia, Vidisha, Shivpuri and Raisen of Madhya Pradesh, and
Banda, Mahoba, Jhansi and Lalitpur of Uttar Pradesh.
▪ The project is expected to boost socio-economic prosperity in the backward Bundelkhand
region on account of increased agricultural activities and employment generation. It
would also help in arresting distress migration from this region.
Hurdles -
Several obstacles have dogged the project. For one, the project will partly submerge the Panna
Tiger Reserve in Madhya Pradesh and affect the habitat of vultures and jackals. After years of
protests, it was finally cleared by the apex wildlife regulator, the National Board for Wildlife, in
2016.
Then Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh reached an agreement on how water would be shared
in March.
❖ International Relations
Q- What is the relevance of US defence spending bill for the world nations?
BACKGROUND = The U.S. House of Representatives passed the $768 billion National Defense
Authorization Act (FY2022), authorising defence spending and addressing defence reforms.
1. This year’s Bill, which passed the House 363-70, asks the President to provide a ‘Grand
Strategy With Respect to China’ to deepen alliances in the Indo-Pacific and contains
measures to reform how harassment and sexual assault in the U.S. armed forces are
prosecuted, among other provisions.
2. The Bill enables the setting up of a 16-member ‘Afghanistan War Commission’ to study
the 20-year U.S. occupation of Afghanistan and “lessons learned” from the past 20 years.
3. In addition it also asks for a number of other reports related to the country, including
Beijing’s missile development, a comparative study of U.S. and China’s development
and deployment of hypersonics and China’s influence in Latin America and the
Caribbean.
4. The countries and alliances named include Japan, South Korea, Australia and New
Zealand, ASEAN, India (mentioned in this order) and others. The Bill calls for “investing in
an enhanced military posture and capabilities” in the U.S. Indo-Pacific Command area.
5. With regard to India, the legislation calls for the “broadening” of U.S. engagement with
India, “including through the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue — to advance the shared
objective of a free and open Indo-Pacific region through bilateral and multilateral
engagements and participation in military exercises, expanded defence trade, and
collaboration on humanitarian aid and disaster response; and to enable greater
cooperation on maritime security and the threat of global pandemics, including COVID–
19”.
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GS 3
❖ Environment
Q- Underperforming Smog Towers a menace to the Society. Justify?
BACKGROUND = The Delhi Government said that a smog tower can clean up to 80% of polluted
air. However, two months later, the percentage of pollution being reduced is only 34%-43%,
according to six readings between November 30 and December 1.
The smog tower at Connaught Place, a pilot project installed at a cost of ₹20 crore.
▪ This statement has been challenged by the readings at the same tower on December 1,
where at 10 a.m, the level of PM2.5 — a chief pollutant — at the inlet of the tower was
460.06 ug/m3 and the value at outlet after purification was 299.22 ug/m3 — a reduction
of only 34.9%. The reduction in the level of pollutants at a distance from the tower will
be even lesser.
▪ At 9 a.m. on November 30, the level of PM2.5 at the inlet of the tower was 314.62 ug/m3
and at the outlet of the tower was 179.1 ug/m3, a reduction of 43.07%. This is the highest
reduction in pollution levels among the six readings between November 30 and December
The smog tower is a 24 metre-high structure fitted with fans and air filters which draw in polluted
air from the top and release purified air near the ground through fans fitted on the sides. The
tower has 40 big fans and 5,000 filters to clean the air.
Answering why the efficiency of the tower being “only half” of what the Government had
announced - It may be because filters of the tower have been clogged with pollutants and need
to be changed. Also, now the tower is operating at a higher pollution load compared to October.”
Smog tower is a terrible idea. You cannot vacuum clean air. You just cannot do it. It has to be
addressed at the source of pollution appropriate technologies. The Government has not made
these reading public till now.
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Q- Consider the following statements regarding the Chief of Defence Staff Position –
1. After the appointment of the CDS, the armed forces were brought within the ambit of
the Department of Military Affairs
2. The DMA also deals with works relating to the three Services, and with procurement
exclusive to the Services, except capital acquisitions which remains with the Department
of Defence.
Choose the CORRECT answer using the code below –
a. 1 only
b. 2 only
c. Both
d. Neither 1 nor 2
Q- Who among the following founded Serampore Mission Press, Serampore College and the
Serampore University, the first degree-awarding university in India?
a. William Jones
b. Jonathan Duncan
c. William Carey
d. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
Answer: c
NOTE: William Carey was a British Christian missionary, a translator, social reformer and
cultural anthropologist. He founded the Serampore Mission Press, Serampore College and the
Serampore University, the first-degree awarding university in India. Hence, option (c) is correct.
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