Florida's Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAV) Business Plan - January 2019
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Florida’s Connected and
Automated Vehicles (CAV)
Business Plan
January 2019
Florida’s CAV Business Plan
Contents
Executive Summary...................................................................................................................................... iii
Legend Key: CAV Business Plan Action Items, Symbols, and Acronyms ...................................................... iv
1. Introduction and Background ................................................................................................................... 1
1.1. Vision, Goals, and Objectives ........................................................................................................ 1
1.1.1. CAV Vision ............................................................................................................................. 2
1.1.2. Safety Objectives................................................................................................................... 2
1.1.3. Operations/Mobility Objectives............................................................................................ 2
1.1.4. Economic Development Objectives ...................................................................................... 2
1.2. Focus Areas ................................................................................................................................... 2
1.3. CAV Implementation Roadmap Overview .................................................................................... 2
2. CAV Focus Areas and Action Items ....................................................................................................... 4
2.1. Policies and Governance ............................................................................................................... 4
2.2. Program Funding ........................................................................................................................... 4
2.3. Education and Outreach ............................................................................................................... 5
2.4. Industry Outreach and Partnerships ............................................................................................. 6
2.5. Technical Standards and Specifications Development ................................................................. 6
2.6. Implementation Readiness ........................................................................................................... 8
2.7. Deployment and Implementation ................................................................................................ 9
3. Project Selection Criteria and Performance Measures ....................................................................... 10
3.1. Selection Criteria ......................................................................................................................... 10
3.2. Evaluation and Performance Measures ...................................................................................... 11
4. Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 11
iFlorida’s CAV Business Plan
List of Figures
Figure 1. Peak Period Congestion 2045 ........................................................................................................ ii
Figure 2. CAV Implementation Roadmap Overview ..................................................................................... 3
List of Tables
Table 1. CAV Focus Areas Roadmap ............................................................................................................. 3
Table 2. Policies and Governance Action Items ............................................................................................ 4
Table 3. Program Funding Action Items ........................................................................................................ 4
Table 4. Education and Outreach Action Items ............................................................................................ 5
Table 5. Industry Outreach and Partnerships Action Items .......................................................................... 6
Table 6. Technical Standards and Specifications Development Action Items .............................................. 7
Table 7. Implementation Readiness Action Items ........................................................................................ 8
Table 8. Deployment and Implementation Action Items ............................................................................. 9
Table 9. Project Selection Criteria and Scoring Matrix ............................................................................... 10
iiFlorida’s CAV Business Plan
Executive Summary
The Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAV) Program at the Florida Department of Transportation
(FDOT) is gaining significant momentum. FDOT’s Central and District Offices, planning and implementation
stakeholders, industry entities, and university partners are aggressively supporting the deployment of the
CAV Program to achieve near-term and sustainable safety, mobility, and economic development (SME)
benefits. FDOT has started planning, designing, and deploying several CAV pilot projects. FDOT has also
started to engage with private-sector companies that are developing, testing, and implementing CAV
technologies and applications. FDOT’s Transportation Systems Management and Operations (TSM&O)
Program and the Statewide Arterial Management Program (STAMP) are key to the Department’s CAV
Program.
This CAV Business Plan identifies and captures the results of FDOT’s coordination through internal and
external meetings and workshops. These meetings and workshops assist in acknowledging the unknowns
and help in developing an institutionalized framework and timeframes to aggressively move the CAV
Program from research and pilot projects into statewide deployment using expedited planning and
outcome-centric SME goals. This CAV Business Plan also outlines preparation efforts for Florida’s
infrastructure while drawing upon lessons learned from prior FDOT projects. This document is not
intended to be a strategic plan, but builds on similar FDOT programs and plans, including but not limited
to the: Florida Transportation Plan (FTP), TSM&O Strategic Plan, STAMP Action Plan, Transportation
Technology Strategic Plan, Strategic Highway Safety Plan (SHSP), Strategic Intermodal System (SIS) Policy
Plan, Florida’s Aging Road Users Strategic Safety Plan (Safe Mobility for Life Coalition), and Traffic Incident
Management (TIM) Plan.
Drawing on the vision and goals from the strategic plans listed above, this CAV Business Plan identifies
specific CAV short-term to long-term action items. This CAV Business Plan will remain active with periodic
updates as opportunities and needs arise. This Plan identifies the following categories of CAV activities as
key elements for fulfilling the SME goals in Florida.
• Identify policies and governance with a goal to develop and communicate an institutionalized
framework for planning, designing, and deploying CAV in Florida to maximize the SME benefits.
• Leverage program funding and identify other funding opportunities for implementation,
operations, and maintenance.
• Identify education and outreach program objectives with a goal to create awareness of CAV
Program deployments and develop the current and future CAV workforce in Florida.
• Develop industry outreach to implement SME outcome-based CAV technologies through active
partnerships with the industry, universities, and stakeholders.
• Identify and develop technical standards and specifications to create a framework for CAV
infrastructure preparedness including general facilities design, software updates, and hardware
upgrades.
• Establish a platform for CAV implementation readiness in terms of technology implementation,
infrastructure improvements, and needs identification.
• Move towards full-scale CAV deployment and implementation using the most relevant CAV
applications that have the potential to achieve the SME benefits.
iiiFlorida’s CAV Business Plan
Legend Key: CAV Business Plan Action Items, Symbols, and Acronyms
Status Symbols Relative Cost Symbols Role Acronyms
Symbol Meaning Symbol Meaning Symbol Meaning
Low Cost,
O Planned Task $ E Enabler
e.g., < $ 250 K
Medium Cost,
Underway Task $$ NM Needle Mover
e.g., $ 250 K - $ 1 M
High Cost,
Completed Task $$$
e.g., > $ 1 M
Recurring Task Responsibility Acronyms
Traffic Engineering and
TEO R Research
Term Acronyms Operations
D Design PP Policy Planning
S Short-term (< 1 year) PM Program Management P Systems Planning
Strategic Intermodal
M Mid-term (1-2 years) C Construction SIS
System
Forecasting and
L Long-term (3+ years) M Maintenance FT
Trends
Florida University Acronyms Transportation Data
S Safety TDA
(UNIV) Analytics
Florida Atlantic Districts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, Environmental
FAU EM
University D1-7, 7, and/or Management
Florida International FTE Florida Turnpike Transportation
FIU TT
University Enterprise Technology
Metropolitan and
Florida Polytechnic MPO/ Public Information
FPU Transportation Planning PIO
University TPO Office
Organizations
FSU – Florida State – Florida Goal Impact
LP Legislative Programs
FAMU A&M University Acronyms/Symbols
University of
UCF LT Leadership Team S Safety
Central Florida
Freight Logistics and
UF University of Florida FP M Mobility
Passenger Operations
University of Work Program and Economic
UNF WP ED
North Florida Budget Development
University of South Policy, Guidance,
USF/ Florida/ Center for Standard,
CUTR Urban Transportation Specification, Report,
Research etc.
ivFlorida’s CAV Business Plan
1. Introduction and Background
The Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAV) Program at the Florida Department of Transportation
(FDOT) is gaining significant momentum. FDOT’s Central and District Offices, planning and implementation
stakeholders, industry entities, and university partners are aggressively pursuing the deployment of the
CAV Program to achieve sustainable safety, mobility, and economic development (SME) benefits. FDOT
has started planning, designing, and deploying several CAV pilot projects, and is engaging with private
companies that are developing, testing, and implementing CAV technologies. FDOT’s Transportation
Systems Management and Operations (TSM&O) Program and the Statewide Arterial Management
Program (STAMP) are key to the Department’s CAV Program.
FDOT and its partners are committed to continuing the deployment of the CAV projects to support the
SME needs in the state. FDOT’s CAV Program partners include the United States Department of
Transportation (USDOT), local agencies (city and county), Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs),
Transportation Planning Organizations (TPOs), toll authorities, local transit agencies, private-sector
technology and application developers, auto manufacturers (original equipment manufacturers (OEMs)
and Tier 1 and Tier 2 suppliers), Florida and national modal, professional, and standards development
organizations, and universities. This CAV Business Plan links the CAV Program with the various project
activities and the CAV efforts to create a comprehensive statewide approach which includes planning,
research, implementation, maintenance, and operations. This CAV Business Plan follows other FDOT
programs and plans, including the Florida Transportation Plan (FTP), TSM&O Strategic Plan, STAMP Action
Plan, Transportation Technology Strategic Plan, Strategic Highway Safety Plan (SHSP), Strategic
Intermodal System (SIS) Policy Plan, Florida’s Aging Road Users Strategic Safety Plan (Safe Mobility for Life
Coalition), and Traffic Incident Management (TIM) Plan.
At the national level, FDOT is actively involved in committees and initiatives, including the multi-state
Connected Vehicle (CV) Pooled Fund Study, the American Association of State Highway and
Transportation Officials’ (AASHTO) Committee on Transportation System Operations (CTSO), the AASHTO
Committee on Traffic Engineering (CTE), the AASHTO Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) Deployment
Coalition, the I-95 Corridor Coalition, the Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE), and the Intelligent
Transportation Society of America (ITSA). For example, FDOT responded to the AASHTO Signal Phase and
Timing (SPaT) challenge with a project in Tallahassee. Such activities have allowed FDOT to sustain and
expand its national leadership while developing a strong CAV Program.
The CAV Business Plan was initiated within FDOT’s Statewide Traffic Engineering and Operations Office
(STEOO). As the CAV Program is expanding, the coordination and collaboration efforts with FDOT Central
and District Offices are also increasing. To better understand the perspectives of various offices on CAV
opportunities and challenges, and their planned roles, the STEOO interacts and collaborates with internal
partners and external stakeholders. This Plan supports safety, mobility, and infrastructure advancements
achievable by deploying CAV technologies.
1.1. Vision, Goals, and Objectives
The CAV Program goals and objectives support the FDOT TSM&O 2017 Strategic Plan. The CAV
technologies have the potential to significantly reduce highway crashes that result in traffic fatalities. This
is consistent with FDOT’s vision and that of Vision Zero. The CAV technologies also have the potential to
improve travel time, increase vehicle and person mobility, enhance multimodal operations, and positively
affect the economy in Florida.
Page 1 of 11Florida’s CAV Business Plan
1.1.1. CAV Vision
This CAV Business Plan drives, towards Vision Zero with a fatality-free roadway network and a congestion-
free transportation system in Florida using CAV technologies.
1.1.2. Safety Objectives
The objective of the CAV Program is to improve safety for all transportation modes and road users,
including pedestrians and bicyclists. This safety objective aligns with the FDOT’s SHSP, FTP, SIS Policy Plan,
and other state and national programs funded by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), the
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA), and the National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration (NHTSA). NHTSA observed that 94% of highway crashes are caused by human error1.
Recognizing the potential to mitigate human error, while noting that this expectation needs to be tested
and validated, implementation of CAV technology is anticipated to improve safety in the long-term.
1.1.3. Operations/Mobility Objectives
Traffic congestion (Figure 1) in Florida is increasing due to several
factors, including population and tourism growth. According to the
USDOT, CAV signal-control applications reduced travel time by
27%, while the cooperative adaptive cruise control and speed
harmonization reduced travel time by 42%. While continuing to
implement conventional operational improvements, the objective
of the CAV Program is to leverage CAV technologies to significantly
improve traffic operations, and increase vehicle, person, and
multimodal throughput.
1.1.4. Economic Development Objectives
The objective of the CAV Program is to interact with the private
sector to promote economic development in Florida. As of Source: FHWA
September 2018, FDOT has already entered into statewide data Figure 1. Peak Period Congestion 2045
user agreements with Waze, Traffic Technology Services (TTS), Connected Signals (CS), Live Traffic Data
(LTD), and is exploring other industry partners, such as freight, transit, etc. Collaboration with
transportation industry partners is essential for accomplishing this objective.
1.2. Focus Areas
The following are the seven priority focus areas of this Business Plan:
1. Policies and Governance
2. Program Funding
3. Education and Outreach
4. Industry Outreach and Partnerships
5. Technical Standards and Specifications Development
6. Implementation Readiness
7. Deployment and Implementation
1.3. CAV Implementation Roadmap Overview
Of the three phases (Figure 2) to implement this Plan, the Initialization Phase has been in progress since
FY 2017 with various research and pilot projects, along with involvement in national committees and
1
https://crashstats.nhtsa.dot.gov/Api/Public/ViewPublication/812506
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organizations that focus on CAV standards and implementation efforts. Table 1 shows the relationship
between the roadmap and the specific priority focus areas.
Figure 2. CAV Implementation Roadmap Overview
2020+
2017-2018 2019-2020 Full-Scale
Initialization Early Implementation Implementation and
Operations
Table 1. CAV Focus Areas Roadmap
Full-Scale
Early
CAV Focus Area Initialization Implementation
Implementation
and Operations
Policies and Governance
Program Funding
Education and Outreach O
Industry Outreach and Partnerships O
Technical Standards and Specification
O
Development
Implementation Readiness O
Deployment and Implementation O O
NOTE: Please refer to the Legend Key, preceding Page 1.
The 2017-2018 Initialization Phase focus elements include a wide range of activities, including:
• Participate in national organizations such as AASHTO and ITE.
• Develop and build relationships with CAV technology manufacturers and application developers.
• Provide opportunities for both internal and external developers to develop and test technologies
and applications.
• Build industry partnerships and update the relevant FDOT policies and approaches.
• Participate in CAV initiatives and use available tools such as those from USDOT.
• Develop, implement, and evaluate CAV pilot projects.
• Develop a data management plan, an operations and maintenance (O&M) framework, education
and outreach activities, and understand the existing conditions.
• Coordinate internally on CAV activities, while aligning with other plans and FDOT’s vision.
The 2019-2020 Early Implementation Phase focuses on small- to medium-scale implementation and pilot
projects, using O&M funds, phasing in CAV, upgrading SunGuide® software, utilizing the Data Integration
and Video Aggregation System (DIVAS), updating architecture documents, developing performance
measures, and collaborating with private and public industry partners.
The 2020+ Full-Scale Implementation and Operations Phase focuses on completing infrastructure
upgrades, implementing large CAV projects, conducting performance and outcome assessments,
performing O&M activities, advancing outreach with stakeholders, and analyzing the impacts of agency
and industry partnerships.
Page 3 of 11Florida’s CAV Business Plan
2. CAV Focus Areas and Action Items
2.1. Policies and Governance
This CAV Business Plan identifies the policies and governance elements with a goal to develop and
communicate an institutionalized framework for planning, designing, and deploying the CAV Program in
Florida. Table 2 shows the specific action items.
Table 2. Policies and Governance Action Items
Functional Areas and Action Items Activity Status Term Main Role Outcome Responsibility* Cost
Perform Coordination for Technology, Data
1 S E TEO, TT, PP, LP $
Governance, and Policies.
Implement and Maintain the CAV Business Plan. 2 S NM TEO $
Oversee CAV Program Delivery and Messaging. 3 M E S, M, ED LT, TEO $
Collaborate with the Office of Transportation
TEO, TT, FP,
Technology to develop an enterprise operation 4 M E $
EM
change management framework, if required.
NOTE: Please refer to the Legend Key, preceding Page 1.
*Several Offices (TEO, PM, D, C, D1-7, FTE, MPO/TPO, LT, R, PP, P, SIS, FT, TDA, EM, WP, FP, PIO and TT) may have a role.
The key initial steps for the policies and governance action items include:
• Identify opportunities to prioritize and coordinate CAV Program activities within Florida.
• Develop statewide CAV Program messaging.
• Incorporate other state agencies into the CAV project implementation process.
• Incorporate local agencies into the CAV project implementation process, leveraging the existing
Local Agency Program (LAP) certifications to the extent possible.
• Evaluate federal and state policies related to CAV.
• Develop CAV Program workforce-related items such as training, skill development, resource
needs, etc.
• Develop economic impacts through the CAV Program to follow FTP goals.
• Summarize current state and national legislation supporting CAV.
• Leverage and discuss SIS Policy Plan to support CAV Program.
• Identify roles and responsibilities for states, governing/regulatory agencies, local agencies, etc.
• Discuss and understand the CAV regulation elements.
2.2. Program Funding
Developing a program funding strategy can assist FDOT to prioritize work and make the best use of
available funds. A sound funding strategy can assist with identifying grants or funding opportunities in
advance to avoid last-minute proposals and make the best use of available resources. Table 3 shows the
specific action items.
Table 3. Program Funding Action Items
Main
Functional Areas and Action Items Activity Status Term Outcome Responsibility* Cost
Role
Establish Sustainable CAV Implementation, O&M LT, TEO, WP,
5 S NM S, M, ED $$$
Funding using State/SIS/District/Local Funds. FP, PP
Page 4 of 11Florida’s CAV Business Plan
Main
Functional Areas and Action Items Activity Status Term Outcome Responsibility* Cost
Role
Track the role of CAV in the TSM&O Cost Feasible
6 S E TEO, D1-7, FTE $
Plan.
Study CAV Implementation and O&M Best
7 M E TEO $
Practices, and Staffing Needs.
NOTE: Please refer to the Legend Key, preceding Page 1.
*Several Offices (TEO, PM, D, C, D1-7, FTE, MPO/TPO, LT, R, PP, P, SIS, FT, TDA, EM, WP, FP, PIO and TT) may have a role.
The key initial steps for the program funding action items include:
• Identify funds to foster CAV deployments including O&M funding.
• Determine types and priority of projects that FDOT wants to support with startup funding.
• Actively coordinate with and involve Policy and System Planning, District Planning, and TPOs and
MPOs early in the project planning process.
• Determine funding sources that FDOT intends to use.
• Develop funding applications for grant opportunities such as Advanced Transportation and
Congestion Management Technology Deployment (ATCMTD), Accelerated Innovation Deployment
(AID) Demonstration, and Better Utilizing Investments to Leverage Development (BUILD).
• Address staffing needs for implementation, maintenance, and development.
• Discuss SIS routes and potential of including CV technology earlier in the planning process.
The CAV equipment will require periodic and responsive maintenance such as inspections, preventive
maintenance, repairs, and monitoring. Required on-call staff will handle critical emergency repairs as well
as scheduled upgrades and replacements. Just as with ITS devices, CAV equipment will eventually start to
age, and bring a considerable increase to its annual maintenance costs. Therefore, there is a need for
dedicated O&M and replacement funds for the CAV deployment projects.
2.3. Education and Outreach
The education and outreach program is aimed at organizational change management, while creating a
unified message, and increasing awareness about CAV opportunities. Education and outreach are meant
to provide the current and future transportation workforce with increased CAV Program knowledge and
skills including, but not limited to, technology, deployment, integration, and software development. FDOT
will explore the need for developing the educational outreach program to inform transportation planners,
managers, engineers, local agencies, and users (travelling public, motor carriers, other road users) about
the CAV Program. Outreach will assist in providing a better understanding of how CAV infrastructure will
be deployed and operated, while also addressing the infrastructure requirements, standards,
implications, and challenges with CAV deployments. Table 4 shows the Education and Outreach action
items.
Table 4. Education and Outreach Action Items
Main
Functional Areas and Action Items Activity Status Term Outcome Responsibility* Cost
Role
Develop CAV information. 8 M E TEO, P, TDA $
TEO, P, TDA, D1-
Implement CAV awareness outreach. 9 M E $
7, FTE
Support Florida Automated Vehicles (FAV) Summit
10 L E ED TDA, TEO, LP, FP $
and other CAV events.
Page 5 of 11Florida’s CAV Business Plan
Main
Functional Areas and Action Items Activity Status Term Outcome Responsibility* Cost
Role
Exploring teaming with organizations to collaborate TEO, TT, FP, D1-
11 L E $
on CAV education. 7, FTE
NOTE: Please refer to the Legend Key, preceding Page 1.
*Several Offices (TEO, PM, D, C, D1-7, FTE, MPO/TPO, LT, R, PP, P, SIS, FT, TDA, EM, WP, FP, PIO and TT) may have a role.
Educational outreach programs may:
• Highlight CAV benefits and trends.
• Identify elements and functions pertaining to the CAV Program.
• Develop CAV case studies and lessons learned.
• Provide an understanding and explanation of CAV architecture and infrastructure needs.
• Communicate CAV opportunities, challenges, benefits, and perceptions.
• Partner with Florida universities including FAU, FIU, FPU, FSU-FAMU, UCF, UF, UNF, USF/CUTR.
• Research the impacts of ride-hailing, shared mobility etc. on vehicle-miles traveled and CAV.
2.4. Industry Outreach and Partnerships
The goal of industry outreach and partnerships is to foster economic development and to leverage private
sector efforts to improve safety and mobility, and to implement outcome-based CAV solutions through
strategic partnerships with the industry, universities, and others. Collaborating with industry leaders,
researchers, and the private sector can assist FDOT to better prepare for leveraging opportunities and
addressing challenges of CAVs. Table 5 shows the Industry Outreach and Partnerships action items.
Table 5. Industry Outreach and Partnerships Action Items
Functional Areas and Action Items Activity Status Term Main Role Outcome Responsibility* Cost
Engage, Establish Favorable Environment for, TEO, TDA, LT,
12 S, M NM S, M, ED $$
and Create Public-Private Partnerships. LP
Provide Opportunities for Industry Partners to
13 S NM S, M, ED TEO, TT $$$
Test Hardware and Software.
NOTE: Please refer to the Legend Key, preceding Page 1.
*Several Offices (TEO, PM, D, C, D1-7, FTE, MPO/TPO, LT, R, PP, P, SIS, FT, TDA, EM, WP, FP, PIO and TT) may have a role.
While obtaining industry input and feedback on CAV policy formulation and the development and
implementation of this Plan, the Department will discuss its internal role versus what will be expected of
the industry. Partnerships with different segments of the CAV industry can keep FDOT informed and better
aligned with their short- and long-term decisions. Benefits to the industry and other partnerships in
Florida include:
• Opportunities to fast-track CAV deployments
• Improved understanding of standards development process including O&M practices
• Increased ability to access innovation and test advanced technologies
• Better-aligned research and development investments with CAV industry needs
• Well-defined roles and responsibilities of public versus private entities
• Managed CAV agreements and deliverables
• Properly formulated policy on CAV with private industry engagement
2.5. Technical Standards and Specifications Development
Standards play a vital role by providing interoperability between new and existing infrastructure,
functions, and processes. These standards form the basis of how products and processes interact with
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each other. The goal of CAV technical standards and specifications development is to create a framework
for consistent infrastructure preparedness, including general facility design, software updates, and
hardware upgrades. The CAV standards are currently under development through a cooperative
partnership between the industry and USDOT. Advancing and adopting these standards will assist in
expediting the deployment of CAV applications in Florida. Table 6 shows the specific action items.
Table 6. Technical Standards and Specifications Development Action Items
Functional Areas and Action Items Activity Status Term Main Role Outcome Responsibility* Cost
Develop Systems Engineering Process for CAV. 14 M E TEO $$
Implement Security Credential Management
System (SCMS), and Cybersecurity and Physical 15 M NM , S TEO, TT $$$
Security of CAV Equipment.
Mainstream CAV into FDOT Standards and
16 M E , S TEO, PM, D $$
Specifications, Guides, and Manuals.
NOTE: Please refer to the Legend Key, preceding Page 1.
*Several Offices (TEO, PM, D, C, D1-7, FTE, MPO/TPO, LT, R, PP, P, SIS, FT, TDA, EM, WP, FP, PIO and TT) may have a role.
Several professional associations are currently developing, maintaining, and updating CAV-related
standards. The USDOT also offers an array of useful online tools and requirements for collecting and
distributing CAV data in real-time based on these standards. The following are the key implementation
steps:
• Following the FDOT Transportation Technology Plan Enterprise Architecture
• Follow national/international standard associations/agencies, such as:
o Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) – J2735, J2945, etc.
o Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) – P802.11p-2010, 802.3, 1609.0
o 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)
o National Transportation Commissions for ITS Protocol (NTCIP) – 1202, 1206, etc.
o National/International Agencies such as Dan law, OmniAir Consortium, 7layers, etc.
o International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
• Follow USDOT initiatives, such as:
o Roadside Unit (RSU) Specifications
o USDOT Proof of Concepts – SCMS, etc.
o Information Data Exchange (IDE) Proof of Concept
o USDOT (SPaT) MAP Data Development Tool
o USDOT Pilot Projects – CAV Pilots, Smart City, Test Beds
o Crash Avoidance Metrics Partnership (CAMP) Initiatives
o Strategic Transit Automation Research Plan
o Central Florida Connected Vehicles (CV) Proving Ground
o Federal Transit Administration (FTA) Transit Automation Initiative Guidance
• Leverage lessons learned from various CAV pilot projects in Florida
• Participate in professional associations, such as Association of Unmanned Vehicle Systems
International (AUVSI), IEEE, NTCIP, 3GPP, etc.
• Coordinate with FDOT Design Office for specifications and design standard updates
• Address security elements pertaining to SCMS usage and applications, physical security, and
network and data security; refer to 14-2 F.A.C. cybersecurity standards, as applicable
Page 7 of 11Florida’s CAV Business Plan
2.6. Implementation Readiness
The goal of CAV implementation readiness is to create a statewide CAV-ready environment for
deployment of infrastructure and meeting any identified needs. For example, FDOT is implementing
projects such as the SPaT Challenge and I-75 FRAME, while partnering with the University of Florida’s (UF)
I-STREET and Florida Turnpike Enterprise’s SunTrax. As FDOT accelerates CAV deployment around the
state, each project will have unique requirements that entail specific approaches to implementation and
deployment; however, there is a large set of commonalities among the deployments. Table 7 provides the
Implementation Readiness action items.
Table 7. Implementation Readiness Action Items
Main
Functional Areas and Action Items Activity Status Term Outcome Responsibility* Cost
Role
Use and Apply USDOT Implementation Tools. 17 M E S, M, ED TEO, D1-7, FTE $$$
Develop CAV-related Items for Traffic
Engineering Research Laboratory (TERL) 18 M NM TEO $$$
Processes.
Develop CAV Infrastructure Deployment Plan. 19 L E , ED TEO $$
TEO, D1-D7, FTE,
Address RTMC Needs for Data Usage/Storage. 20 M E $$
TT
Analyze CAV Safety Elements/SHSP Focus Areas. 21 M E , S TEO $$
Prepare for Communication Options. 22 M NM TEO, TT $$
TEO, D1-7, FTE,
Develop Decision Support Systems. 23 M NM S, M $$$
ED, EM
NOTE: Please refer to the Legend Key, preceding Page 1.
*Several Offices (TEO, PM, D, C, D1-7, FTE, MPO/TPO, LT, R, PP, P, SIS, FT, TDA, EM, WP, FP, PIO and TT) may have a role.
The following are the key implementation steps:
• Leverage the Open Source Application Development Portal.
• Make resources and investments available based on alternative evaluations.
• Prepare readiness plans for freeways and expressways, signalized intersections, non-signalized
intersections, and integrated corridors.
• Perform analysis of infrastructure, and capabilities of network, data centers, local agencies, etc.
• Prepare for continuous and real-time collection of data, data archival, data retrieval and analysis
of data from the pilot projects
• Develop CAV Infrastructure Deployment Plan - establish a method to identify, track,
communicate, and meet miscellaneous CAV infrastructure needs through the CAV technical
standards and specifications development process.
• Address risk management by:
o increasing the knowledge and understanding of risk amongst all stakeholders,
o improving internal risk culture and aligning the CAV Program goals with risks,
o identifying economic impacts and assessing risks of the CAV Program, and
o identifying risks such as those related to interoperability, obtaining the Federal
Communications Commission (FCC) approvals in a timely manner, and data storage.
• Analyze Regional Transportation Management Center (RTMC) requirements for:
o data retrieval, storage, archival, sharing, etc.,
o integration with ROADS,
o establishing data governance, and
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o utilizing data in SunGuide, sharing data through DIVAS.
• Analyze CAV safety elements to address statewide safety issues and SHSP priority focus areas.
2.7. Deployment and Implementation
The FDOT’s CAV deployment and implementation effort focuses on phasing in the CAV applications. The
goal is to move from planning to full-scale CAV deployment and implementation using various applications
to achieve the SME goals in Florida. Based on the type of deployment planned, the FDOT Central Office
(CO) will assist the District Offices and local agencies in identifying the infrastructure required for the
deployment. FDOT has traditionally identified deployment projects that are funded through various
sources including those with federal match or through state and research programs; these projects (I-75
FRAME, US 90 SPaT, Gainesville SPaT Trapezium, etc.) are being planned or deployed. This approach
should continue at a fast pace since the industry is rapidly evolving and technologies are changing. CAV
Deployment and Implementation generally work together with applicable recurring tasks in prior Sections
2.1 through 2.6. Table 8 shows the Deployment and Implementation action items.
Table 8. Deployment and Implementation Action Items
Main
Functional Areas and Action Items Activity Status Term Outcome Responsibility* Cost
Role
Implement Statewide CAV Deployment Plan. 24 M NM S, M, ED TEO, FP $$$
Incorporate CAV into RTMC Operations. 25 M NM S, M TEO, D1-7, FTE $$$
Develop Standard Operating Procedures. 25.01 M NM TEO, D1-7, FTE $$
Develop and Implement Updates to SunGuide®. 25.02 M NM TEO, D1-7, FTE $$$
Develop Benefit-Cost (B/C) Ratios (In-Field or
26 S E D1-7, FTE $$$
Proxy) for CAV Applications.
NOTE: Please refer to the Legend Key, preceding Page 1.
*Several Offices (TEO, PM, D, C, D1-7, FTE, MPO/TPO, LT, R, PP, P, SIS, FT, TDA, EM, WP, FP, PIO and TT) may have a role.
The following are the key steps to deployment and implementation:
• Perform a District survey, and advise, on regional long-range transportation plan and project
needs in coordination and consultation with the District and Central Planning Offices.
• Focus on the MPOs and TPOs, in consultation with FDOT Central and District Offices.
• Leverage existing regional partnerships with cities, counties, and universities.
• Advance projects based on Districts’ needs following the guidance from the TSM&O Leadership
Team.
• Potential near-term CAV Deployment Plan project categories include:
o Provide network connectivity and types of connections from field locations to the RTMCs
and Traffic Management Centers.
o Upgrade traffic signal controllers and evaluate upgrade options so that signal controllers
can interface with an RSU for extraction of SPaT basic safety messages.
o Develop MAP data for pilot locations.
o Conduct pilot projects with applications in Smart Work Zones (SWZ), Autonomous Truck
Mounted Attenuators (ATMA), Truck Platooning, pedestrian safety applications,
multimodal applications including transit and freight, and aging driver mobility
applications.
o Implement CAV projects in all FDOT Districts to achieve the SME goals. This shall be
accomplished with input from the Districts and the TSM&O Leadership Team.
Page 9 of 11Florida’s CAV Business Plan
3. Project Selection Criteria and Performance Measures
3.1. Selection Criteria
All projects to be funded for deployment should follow the systems engineering (SE) process. A high-level
operational concept should be developed to define user needs and perform stakeholder coordination.
The following project selection criteria provide general guidance to develop CAV deployment projects. A
score on a scale of 1-10 (10 being the most beneficial rank) may be assigned to the identified project for
each criterion (see Table 9). These criteria may be used for various purposes, including project
prioritization at the Districts and by the Central Office.
Table 9. Project Selection Criteria and Scoring Matrix
Categories Criteria Self-Score
Accelerate the Does this project accelerate the deployment and implementation of CAV
CAV Program technologies in Florida?
Does this project directly reduce or have the potential to reduce fatal, serious
Safety
injury and/or secondary crashes?
From a mobility perspective, does this project directly benefit all modes including
Mobility pedestrians, bicyclists, disabled, economically disadvantaged, and aging road
users?
Does this project directly benefit (or have potential to impact) efficiency and/or
Efficiency and
reliability for all travelers, freight, transit riders, aging road users, pedestrians, and
Reliability
bicyclists?
Is this project implementable (technology-ready), scalable, and portable for
statewide deployment?
Do proposed technologies comply with or have the potential to comply with
Feasibility
relevant state and federal safety law?
Is the proposed project interoperable and/or does it have the potential to become
interoperable with the existing or programmed CAV Projects?
Does this project leverage federal, local, and/or private funds? Are there any
private organization and/or local agency partners? If yes, what are their match
Funds
types and roles? Is there an agreement or Memorandum of Understanding (MOU)
in place?
Benefit/Cost Does this project offer benefits with a high B/C and a good return on investment?
Does this project collect, disseminate, and use real-time traffic, transit, parking,
Data and and other transportation information to improve safety and mobility, and reduce
Security congestion? Explain how the project will safeguard data privacy and deploy a
cybersecurity platform.
Does this project address staffing, funding, and procedures for operations,
Operations and
maintenance, and replacement of CAV infrastructure, technologies, and
Maintenance
applications?
Does this project have pre-defined performance measures? What and how are
these outcomes measured?
Project Will there be a before and after analysis performed, and lessons learned
Evaluation documented? If yes, how will this be documented and shared?
Is there a systems validation and verification process in place? Explain how this
will be performed.
Total Score
Page 10 of 11Florida’s CAV Business Plan
3.2. Evaluation and Performance Measures
Project evaluation is an integral part of pilot implementation. Evaluation should be performed at two
stages of the project life cycle:
• Pre-project evaluation for the selection of projects based on strategies listed in Section 3.1 to
meet the overall statewide CAV Program’s SME goals
• Post-project evaluation to assess the impact of the project meeting the overall project objectives
and goals
These evaluations are identified to document and share lessons learned and to develop future guidance.
All projects should have verification, validation, and testing, and should answer the following questions:
• Was the system built as envisioned and designed? Is the project doing what it is intended to do?
For example, are the SPaT and MAP messages being broadcasted, are they accurate, etc.?
• Did the project achieve the benefits expected when the project was selected for implementation?
For example, are intersection-related crashes and delays at SPaT-equipped intersections reduced?
The project-specific performance measures may be discussed and developed by the stakeholder team.
The SME benefit-cost analysis should also be conducted during the pre-project evaluation phase with the
benefit-cost and return on investments analyses evaluated and tracked after implementing the projects.
4. Summary
This CAV Business Plan identified the following categories of CAV Program activities as key elements for
fulfilling the SME goals in Florida.
• Identify policies and governance with a goal to develop and communicate an institutionalized
framework for planning, designing, and deploying CAV in Florida.
• Leverage program funding and identify additional funding opportunities for implementation,
operations, and maintenance.
• Identify education and outreach program objectives with a goal to create awareness and usage
of CAV Program deployments and develop workforce on CAV Program practice in Florida.
• Develop industry outreach and partnerships to implement SME outcome-based CAV technologies
through active partnerships with the industry, universities, and stakeholders.
• Identify and develop technical standards and specifications to create the framework for
consistent CAV infrastructure preparedness, including general facilities design, software updates,
and hardware upgrades.
• Establish a platform for CAV implementation readiness in terms of technology implementation,
infrastructure improvements, and gaps identification.
• Move to full-scale CAV deployment and implementation using the most relevant CAV applications
that have the potential to achieve the SME benefits, and track the benefits realized from CAV
deployments.
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