FIT FOR THE FUTURE - GROSSETO EXCLUSIVE BALTIC AIR POLICING A CHANGING AIR FORCE - Eurofighter Typhoon
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PROGRAMME NEWS & FEATURES
DECEMBER 2016
GROSSETO EXCLUSIVE
BALTIC AIR POLICING
A CHANGING AIR FORCE
FIT FOR THE FUTURE
2 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD EDITORIAL 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD 3
CONTENTS
EUROFIGHTER WORLD
PROGRAMME NEWS & FEATURES
DECEMBER 2016
05 Editorial 24 Baltic policing role 42 Dardo 03
Welcome from Volker Paltzo, Germany took over NATO’s Journalist David Cenciotti was lucky enough to
CEO of Eurofighter Jagdflugzeug GmbH. Baltic Air Policing (BAP) mis- get a back seat ride during an Italian Air Force
sion in September with five training mission. Read his eye-opening first hand
Eurofighters from the Tactical account of what life onboard the Eurofighter
Title:
Eurofighter Typoon with 06 At the heart of the mix Air Wing 74 in Neuburg, Typhoon is really like.
P3E weapons fit. With the UK RAF evolving to meet new demands we speak to Bavaria deployed to Estonia.
Typhoon Force Commander Air Commodore Ian Duguid about the
Picture: Jamie Hunter
changing shape of the Air Force and what it means for Typhoon.
26 Meet Sina Hinteregger
By day Austrian Sina
Hinteregger is an aircraft
mechanic working on
Typhoon, outside work she
is one of the country’s best
Eurofighter World is published by triathletes. We spoke to her
Eurofighter Jagdflugzeug GmbH
about her twin passions. 46 Power base
PR & Communications
Am Söldnermoos 17, 85399 Hallbergmoos Find out how Eurofighter Typhoon wowed the
Tel: +49 (0) 811-80 1587 crowds at AIRPOWER16, Austria’s biggest Air
communications@eurofighter.com
12 Master of QRA Show.
Editorial Team Discover why Eurofighter Typhoon’s outstanding performance and 28 Flying visit: GROSSETO
Theodor Benien
Martina Schmidmeir
ability make it the perfect aircraft for Quick Reaction Alert. In the first of an exclusive
Adam Morrison two-part special we take an
Becky Taylor
in-depth look at the work
Miranda Watton
14 Fit for the future of the Italian Air Force’s 4th
Contributers Typhoon is on a continuous journey of capability development. In Wing at their base Aero
Airbus Defence and Space
BAE Systems this edition we take a look at what the future could bring with the Grosseto in Tuscany. In this
LEONARDO Finmeccanica team behind Eurofighter’s ‘Long-term Evolution’ initiative. edition we talk to Col Marco
EUROJET Turbo GmbH
Viva PR
Lant 4th Wing Commander
and Lt Col Morgan L, 20th
Photography Squadron Commander.
Eurofighter Jagdflugzeug GmbH
Eurofighter Partner Companies
Geoffrey Lee, Planefocus Limited, UK
Doris Staudenmeyer
36 The genius of Leonardo
Design & Production We took a closer look at our Italian Eurofighter
images.art.design. Werbeagentur GmbH
Partner Company and how its involvement is helping
www.iad-design.de
keep the Typhoon competitive in a global market.
Printed by
ESTA Druck GmbH
www.esta-druck.de
20 New milestone for
Eurofighter World on the Internet Typhoon pilot
www.eurofighter.com
Follow us on: An RAF pilot has created a
piece of Eurofighter Typhoon
history. Find out more about
his incredible milestone. IN OUR NEXT ISSUE...
If you would like to request additional copies of
A special report about the Spanish Air Force at
Eurofighter World, please contact the
PR & Communications Department: the Albacete Air Base.
communications@eurofighter.com
December 2016
4 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD EDITORIAL 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD 5
WELCOME
In our world we are constantly looking to the
next horizon — in search of innovation, new
capabilities and, of course, new customers.
Not surprisingly, this is a theme that runs
throughout this edition of Eurofighter
WORLD.
With Eurofighter Typhoon competing strongly
in a global market for customers and contracts, we have a clear focus
EDITORIAL
on giving customers — both existing and new — exactly what they
need.
Essentially, this boils down to delivering new capabilities. Whenever
we speak to customers, it’s what they tell us they want. Of course, the
specific capabilities may vary from customer to customer, but the
general point remains the same. They all need the aircraft to be capa-
ble of doing continously more to fulfil their national and international
deployments and operations.
That’s why we have a clear capability road map — covering the intro-
duction of new weapons, and also sensors like the E-Scan radar. It’s
also why we have a plan beyond the road map that will help us to
introduce more and futher develop the abilities of the aircraft.
In this edition, you can read more about how Eurofighter is planning
ahead through our Long Term Evolution initiative, to deliver for our
customers not just for next year but for the decades to come.
There’s also an interview with the UK RAF’s Typhoon Force
Commander Ian Duguid and now Eurofighter will remain ‘the back-
bone of the RAF’s combat air power’ until at least 2040.
Sticking to the capability theme, we also take a look at the relation-
ship with one of our key partners LEONARDO, and the work being
done to bring the E-Scan radar to the aircraft.
Looking to the future, Eurofighter Typhoon plays a vital role for our
present customers. This edition of Eurofighter WORLD features the
first of a two-part article on Grosseto Air Base — home to the Italian
Air Forces 9th and 20th Squadrons.
There’s plenty more interesting features, including journalist David
Cenciotti’s first hand experience of witnessing an Italian Air Force
training mission from the back seat of a Typhoon and a look at the
Baltic Air Policing role being carried out by the German Air Force.
I hope you enjoy the read and, as ever, I welcome any feedback you
may have.
Yours
Volker Paltzo
CEO
Eurofighter Jagdflugzeug GmbH
6 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD INTERVIEW INTERVIEW 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD 7
AT THE HEART OF
NEW MIX
The RAF is evolving, changing
to meet new demands. Tornado —
for decades a lynchpin of the
On the record with
UK´s force mix — is heading out
AIR COMMODORE
of service. At the same time,
IAN DUGUID
preparations are taking place to
say hello to the new kid on the
block, the F-35, when it enters
into service before the end of the
decade. Meanwhile Typhoon is
going through an intense period
of development with weapons and
E-Scan radar integration. In this
edition of Eurofighter WORLD, we
speak to UK RAF Typhoon Force
Commander Air Commodore Ian
Duguid about the changing shape
of the Royal Air Force and
ultimately what it means for the
role of Typhoon. >>
Photo by: SAC Megan Woodhouse(RAF). © UK MOD Crown Copyright 2015
8 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD INTERVIEW INTERVIEW 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD 9
>> AT THE HEART OF NEW MIX
G
oodbye Tornado. Hello upgraded understand and develop our tactics and currently fly three different Tranche of aircraft
Typhoon and the F-35. Two aircraft — procedures. — and there will always be continuous up-
one fundamental job — providing a na- “In one sense it’s not a question of how im- grades. For example, in the early 2020s we
tion’s air power. Given this state of flux there’s portant or relevant Typhoon will be but how may potentially look at upgrades to the displays
a question about the role of Typhoon in the important the force mix will be in the future. within the cockpit and start to examine the
coming decades in the context of UK Air The prospect of the two aircraft, working next generation of head up display or whether
Power. From his vantage point at Typhoon together looks incredibly exciting.” we go to a helmet-mounted system. These are
Force HQ in RAF Coningsby, Air Commodore The work to mature the Eurofighter plat- things we are already discussing and putting
Ian Duguid is very clear about this. form in both the Air-to-Surface and Air-to-Air onto a ‘possible capability’ road map. But as for
domains is developing with real intensity. a traditionally defined midlife upgrade I would
Tests are taking place for the integration of argue that the delivery of Project Centurion and
Storm Shadow, Meteor and Brimstone, as well E-Scan radar is effectively like that anyway,
as the dawning of E-Scan radar for Typhoon. except it isn’t coming midlife.”
These are all vital for the UK, with Typhoon be-
ing expected to step forward and carry out the
heavy lifting in the Air-to-Surface domain in
the RAF´s post Tornado era. The RAF’s
Project Centurion is designed to ensure a
seamless transition between Typhoon and
Tornado capabilities when Tornado goes out
of service for the RAF in early 2019.
“Typhoon is in a really good place right
now — with its current capabilities it is one of
the most advanced 4th gen aircraft in the
Photo by: Craig Sluman
world. But it’s going to get even better over
the next few years. That will absolutely under-
“The simple answer is that it is going to be pin its utility for the next 25 years of its life.
really important for a couple of reasons. First, “We know that Typhoon already offers an
while we all recognise the capability of the excellent multi-role capability. That is mani-
F-35 as a low observable, modern fighter with fest through our direct support of the two
a highly capable sensor, the bottom line is current operations, Operation SHADER,
that the backbone of the RAF’s combat air countering the Islamic State forces in Iraq and
power is going to be provided by Typhoon. Syria, and the NATO Baltic Air Policing mis-
“That’s going to be the case for at least the sion, ensuring the integrity of Estonian air
next two and a half decades because the UK space. Both of these operations are different
Government’s Strategic Defence Spending and extol the virtues of Typhoon as a multi-
Review of 2015 saw an extension of Typhoon’s role platform. However, the aircraft’s growth
Typhoons training with F-35
life out to 2040, and that’s really good news. plan, in terms of capability, amplifies and
“Typhoon will be hugely important and it develops the role.
will remain relevant for two main reasons: “Project Centurion will deliver a stand off
firstly, because of its capability, and secondly, air-launched cruise missile capability through Typhoon’s future capability is not simply
because of the relative size of the forces we the introduction of Storm Shadow; it will intro- cast around being a replacement for Tornado
will have. The RAF aspires to have eight duce the Brimstone 2 Air-to-Surface missile, but as a fundamental part in a team of assets.
Typhoon squadrons by the early 2020s, by as well as the highly capable Meteor Air-to-Air Not surprisingly, a lot of thought and planning
contrast the F-35 Lightning Force will com- missile, which will produce significant beyond- has gone into the question of how Typhoon
prise two front line squadrons. You can see visual-range capability over and above what will operate alongside other manned and un-
straight away, from that ratio, Typhoon will be we have right now. manned aircraft in the years ahead.
hugely relevant. “These are really positive steps forward in “For me it’s not a case of ‘how will they’
“But it’s not just a question of numbers, their own right but when you also add to that but ‘how do they’ because that is exactly what
the important bit is capability. Typhoon will E-Scan radar and, potentially, the introduction we are doing right now. We are already setting
bring an awful lot to the party and Typhoon of a stand off Air-to-Surface weapon capabili- some really good conditions for developing fu-
and F-35 will complement one another.” ty such as Spear Cap3, then Typhoon will ture tactics and operating procedures. Right
This idea that the two in tandem will offer move into a whole new world of capability. now our pilots are flying operations over Iraq
the UK force a capability that is greater than “There is a clear road map that will deliver and Syria, working hand in glove with un-
the sum of the individual parts is fundamental the new capabilities and we are living it now. manned Reapers, through their ability to gen-
to the UK’s air power strategy. The man who Project Centurion will set the conditions for erate situational awareness for the Typhoons.
heads up the RAF’s Typhoon Force says inter- Typhoon into the next decade. Then, the intro- “Equally the Typhoon Force has exercised
operability is already a key focus. duction of other capabilities like E-Scan radar, regularly with the US Air Force F-22s, a 5th
“We are doing a lot of work with F-35 over will see the aircraft out to 2040.” gen platform which has similar characteristics
the coming months, even though we haven’t Many aircraft go through midlife upgrades to the F-35 (though it’s more an air superiori-
formally introduced it in the UK yet. For exam- in order to extend their life, but the Force ty, air dominance capability). Typhoon has
ple, there will be a squadron of Typhoons de- Commander believes it may not be necessary worked really well with it. We’ve been able to
ploying to the United States on an exercise for Typhoon thanks to the existing road map. develop really good systems and functions
where it will be working with F-35. In addition, He says: “Typhoon is continually undergo- working with F-22 that we are going to take
we are already working in the simulators to ing incremental upgrades — indeed we into the F-35 work. >>
Photo by: Geoffrey Lee, Planefocus
10 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD INTERVIEW INTERVIEW 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD 11
>> AT THE HEART OF NEW MIX
“We are also doing co-operative work in fighter with interoperability in mind. scenarios are being looked at in the simula- round — with Typhoon out there in front, high “QRA gets overlooked at times and to sound like an advert but I genuinely think
the simulators. Right now we are carrying out “I have worked on the F-35 programme tors and how will these be fine-tuned when and fast, with F-35 coming in behind. some degree that’s a good thing. People can that’s the case.”
highly demanding and testing operational and I know what it is going to bring. In addi- the F-35 enters operational service in the “The new force mix will certainly provide rest easy at night knowing we are out there So while the arrival of F-35 might be grab-
missions in the simulator, so we are able to tion, Typhoon has gone through upgrades UK? Well, what the RAF already knows is that greater choice for the air commander about protecting the UK’s air space and assuring bing headlines, it’s clear what will be at the
fully expand the envelope and capitalise on that added to what was already an awesome they’ll have many more options. how they want to exploit these capabilities the security people crave and are entitled to. heart of the RAF.
the sensor suite and capabilities of F-35 and capability. Adding the two together is going to “Obviously I can’t say too much about the and how they want to deal with particular sit- “But the flipside is that it is also important “Typhoon has never been more relevant
Typhoon to develop our interoperability mean there are some really exciting times details of the tactics and techniques that are uations, whether that’s a question of how we to remind everyone from time to time that than it is now and it’s going to be that way
procedures. ahead as we develop tactics and prove them being worked through in the current interop- hit particular targets or how we create QRA is what we do and we do it very well. The over the next two decades. It is doing the
“There are bound to be some challenges on operations. erability trials, but in broad terms it (the com- certain conditions. very notion that 24/7, for 365 days a year, we jobs it is being tasked to do and doing them
out there and we are determined to overcome “Clearly we now have the baseline for the bination) gives us real options. “Of course, a lot of what we have been have aircraft and crews that are ready to exceptionally well. It’s world class. Look at
them because we have to make this force mix next two decades from a combat air power “We have a Typhoon that flies at super- talking about relates to high end warfare scramble to assure the integrity of the UK’s Operation SHADER and QRA, Typhoon is do-
fully interoperable and we are working hard perspective —Typhoon and F-35, along with sonic speeds high in the atmosphere, add to options but there will be times and places air space is important.” ing two fundamentally different jobs. We are
to do just that. Those challenges are not all of the situational awareness and intelli- that E-Scan radar with a Meteor missile and where the different aircraft are working sepa- And there’s no doubt in the Force working really well and delivering what is be-
insurmountable, some will be hard, but we gence provided by unmanned and remotely a considerable amount of munitions and a rately, like the Typhoon squadron in the Baltic Commander’s mind that no matter what, ing asked of us… but it doesn’t stop there.
can overcome them. piloted air vehicles. That combination is rela- sensor suite that would work with F-35. The Air Policing role it does now, or in Iraq and there’s nothing more suited to this particular “It’s looking really good further down the
“The idea of working together means you tively well set. It’s a baseline that will defi- F-35 would be able to share a lot of its infor- Syria.” job than Typhoon. line. And that’s exciting.”
12 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD EUROFIGHTER EUROFIGHTER 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD 13
EUROFIGHTER TYPHOON
OUTSTANDING PERFORMANCE AND ABILITY
The ability to patrol and intercept hostile aircraft is known as Quick Reaction Alert.
Across Europe and beyond, the Eurofighter Typhoon is on 24/7 standby. With outstanding
performance and ability to get airborne quickly, it’s perfect for the job.
ENHANCED SITUATIONAL QUICK TURN AROUND RADAR SENSORS ENGINE START-UP ENGINE PERFORMANCE
AWARENESS
Even while still on the ground, the pilot Optimized ground procedures ensure The radar’s special visual identification As well as aiding Air-to-Surface opera- The automated engine start-up, combined The Eurofighter’s twin EJ 200 engines
can keep a check on the position of the quick turn around after previous flight modes help the pilot make a safe and tions, the pod gives the pilot the ability with several dedicated QRA-modes for give outstanding climb performance.
aircraft to be intercepted via its Data-Link with only a small amount of specialists efficient interception of the target. to perform an identification beyond visual the navigation system, allows for an It takes about 1 minute 30 seconds after
(a two-way radio-controlled data exchange). needed. range and saves the images as digital extremely short time frame from scram- take-off to reach more than 30,000 feet,
Once in flight, the avionic system helps data. ble to wheels off the ground. all the while maintaining intercept
by calculating available range and endur- During night operations, the Forward The auxiliary power unit can be started by airspeed.
ance and constantly displays the informa- Looking Infa Red (FLIR) allows for ground crew while the pilot is entering With a best in class thrust to weight ratio
tion to the pilot. identification capability. the cockpit after scramble, again gaining — more than 1.5 — the Eurofighter boasts
Merging all available information together precious time. unmatched climb performance.
through data sensor fusion technology The aircraft’s Supercruise capability gives
helps to give the pilot the best and most the Eurofighter the ability to intercept
accurate information available. possible targets with supersonic speed,
without the need to use reheat abilities
(its afterburner), which optimizes fuel
consumption.
Photo by: SAC Megan Woodhouse (RAF). © UK MOD Crown Copyright 2015
14 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD EUROFIGHTER EUROFIGHTER 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD 15
EVOLVING THE EUROFIGHTER
FIT AND FLEXIBLE FOR THE FUTURE
No-one knows exactly what
the world will look like in
the 2040s, but one thing
we do know is that the
Typhoon will still be in
service, which is why
Eurofighter’s ‘Long-term
Evolution’ initiative has
already started.
For at least the next two
decades Eurofighter is on
a journey of capability
development.
I
f a complex design development journey
can ever justifiably be summed up in one
word, it’s probably this: flexibility.
“The central idea is not to make a big bang
change, rather introduce changes that will
facilitate ongoing refreshes quickly and af-
fordably. That’s one of the guiding principles,”
says Rob Wells, Eurofighter Weapon System
Manager, who along with Filippo Danubio,
Vice President Weapon System Development,
is part of the team pulling together the plan.
“We know that the threats — aircraft,
Surface-to-Air missiles and other types of
weapons systems that are coming into play —
are all evolving. We need to be able to counter
that. So we will have to evolve too and we will
firstly have to be able to do it quickly, and
secondly, as you’re not actually sure exactly
what’s around the corner, we have to plan for
the unplannable.” >>
Photo by: Jamie Hunter
16 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD EUROFIGHTER EUROFIGHTER 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD 17
>> EVOLVING THE EUROFIGHTER
In some senses then, the future capability This last point is crucial. While the develop the jet to meet that need. Of course,
journey is an acceleration of what has charac- Eurofighter of the 2040s will look pretty much nobody really knows for certain what the
terised Typhoon’s operational life to date. the same as it does today — it will have two future will bring. It could be, arguably, that air
Over the past decade it has already shown an engines and fly at certain speeds within its forces continue operating Typhoon in the
incredible amount of adaptability. Fortunately, design envelope — its sensors and the same way as it has since it entered service. It
the original design team did an excellent job weapons will evolve to enhance its opera- will, for example, always perform QRA duties.
creating a fantastic design template, which tional effectiveness. But current demands are not as high when
has been able to grow. So in a very real sense, So the next phase of the evolution will compared to operating in the perceived con-
the machine has been transformed in line with build on the foundation but take place largely tested battlefield.
the needs of its various air force users. ‘under the surface’ because, in the second “One factor that is gaining more and more
Through the Long-term Evolution initiative, half of its service life, Eurofighter Typhoon will importance is cyber resistance. Ensuring the
the team is pro-actively looking at future ca- be increasingly dependent on its avionics aircraft is immune to cyber attacks through
pability needs and they’re aiming to repeat rather than on the traditional systems. But what’s variously called cyber hardening or
this success, but this time by introducing what it won’t be is one big data dominated cyber resilience is being taken seriously and
greater flexibility. midlife refresh. Indeed, that notion is regard- forms part of our plans for the future.”
Rob says: “It’s not about changing the plat- ed as being folly.
form completely, but making a series of refresh- “Computing power is growing at an expo-
es to maintain the tactical performance.” nential rate, so even if we changed all the WHAT WILL CHANGE LOOK LIKE
When aircraft from earlier generations computers today, they’d be old within two Key candidates for upgrades, enhance-
went through an update programme, they of- years — the pace of change is so rapid. ments and new capabilities will be sensors
ten came out of it looking a little different Therefore, rather than focusing exclusively on and weapons.
than their predecessors. They were given a new computers, increasing memory and “Avionics is the area where web technolo-
new nose job, or perhaps the fin was a differ- processors, we want to concentrate on how gy is evolving quickest, and all key sensors are
ent shape, or maybe the wings were bigger. we can perform a refresh of the weapon sys- within avionics. Radar, the DASS (Missile
But this isn’t going to be the case with the tem in a way that will allow us to accommo- warner, laser warner), and the Data Link are
Eurofighter Typhoon. The airframe with the date faster insertions of new capability all sensors and they are all evolving,” says
engines is fixed because the team who came throughout its remaining life.” Rob.
up with it pretty much aced it from the outset One thing is for certain, information — in “We are likely to need more Data Links
— it’s at its optimum. terms of data— is going to be key. than we have today — covert data links, high
Eurofighter’s combination of high thrust- Rob explains: “The rapid evolution in tech- bandwidth data and so on. The Laser
to-weight ratio, manoeuvrability at all nology means there’s an expectation that Designator Pod is a sensor too (though it’s
speeds, 65,000-foot service ceiling, super- more information will be exploited by Typhoon equipment that you plug in) and it will have to
cruise capability, powerful radar and large in the future. Whether that’s higher band- interface with the aircraft.
missile load ensures that it is a world-class width, more pictures, videos, colour, and so “The world of sensor development, sensor
operational fighter aircraft with a reputation on. Of course, all of this is going to take up exploitation, is often driven by either evolving
few can rival. more space, and on a fast jet space isn’t threats, (for example shoulder-mounted mis-
something you have an unlimited supply of. siles whose frequencies can be changed
So why now — what’s driving the activity? “One key task to look at is how you can get overnight), or because the rules of engage-
According to the authors of the Long-term as much information on board as possible, how ment are changing as well as a focus on low
Evolution initiative there are three main you use that information in a proactive manner collateral damage and so on. It all comes
factors: and how you can pass the information to other from sensor information technology, digitised
users, whether it be in the air or on the ground. information.”
• Longer service life: Air Forces have And it’s about doing all this in real time. With weapons the story is slightly different.
already expressed an interest in flying “We will look into opportunities for What the team is trying to do as part of the ini-
longer than the original design life of the increased information flow within the existing tiative is to make weapons easier, cheaper and
aircraft. The original specification was space available. This may mean changes to faster to integrate. They confidently expect
25 years and 6000 flying hours, but the avionics architecture to optimise that per- the weapons portfolio to continue to expand,
Eurofighter Typhoon will comfortably formance, because we will be working with even within the Typhoon’s eight-strong
exceed that. However, now that the 5th gen aircraft, which have their own rules of customer community, as customer require-
customer wants to fly for longer, the engagement, and to be able to interoperate ments are continuously evolving.
question is how do you enable the jet with them will mean certain new require- “In general that means getting smaller
to do that? ments. weapons rather than bigger weapons and
“Arguably, of course, we will also be oper- potentially using multiple weapons on a
• Evolving threats: As Eurofighter is a top of ating against military 5th gen threats, which station, so things like Brimstone and the intro-
the range fighter, the threats it has to deal will also need a certain methodology and duction of a Common Weapon Launcher,
with are evolving too. Hence, it can’t stand techniques to prevail against.” which by definition would carry more than one
still, it needs to evolve as well. Understanding how threats may evolve weapon on that launcher. In essence we’re
involves a certain amount of crystal ball gaz- moving away from one store per station to
• Advancing technology: One of the oppor- ing, but there is a degree of common thinking. multiple stores per station, usually with small
tunities is not just to introduce new tech- Speakers at international fighter conferences warheads, all individually targetable, therefore
nology simply because it’s new or to often describe a future where aircraft will be the amount of information is multiplied. They
avoid obsolescence, but to use it in a way working in congested and contested airspace. could be data driven, they will certainly be
that enables updates to be carried out “Our position in industry is if that’s the data hungry and it will be necessary to get
quickly, cheaply and flexibly. customer’s expectation we will continue to data to the weapon quickly. That’s the sort of
challenge facing us.” >>
Photo by: Jamie Hunter
18 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD EUROFIGHTER EUROFIGHTER 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD 19
>> EVOLVING THE EUROFIGHTER
Another area they are looking to address is WHEN DOES THE PROCESS START? PHASE THREE: POTENTIAL FOR VARIANTS
turnaround times. Rob says: “If you need to Eurofighter’s Long-term Evolution initiative is Prioritise and develop the changes with a To date, the Eurofighter Typhoon has been
land your jet, refuel, load up your weapons being forged in three distinct phases: phased approach. The aim is that some early developed with what’s nominally a ‘one size
and get data on them before you take off work would commence in parallel with E-scan fits all’ policy where, in other words, all air-
again then the transmission of that informa- radar integration. However, rather than firing craft can do all things for all their various air
tion needs to be done quickly. The aim is to PHASE ONE: a starting gun to change everything, it’s the forces. But, that may change with the possible
give the right amount of information to the This is an analysis of the weapon system as it start of the iterative process designed to build arrival of different variants.
pilot so that he’s got the optimum number of will be by around 2020-21 with the addition of in more flexibility. Rob says: “Looking ahead, the aircraft will
choices available for the weapons on board. the new capabilities that are already being Rob adds: “In terms of timings we would still be able to do what it does today and
And when the pilot fires them that they’ve got built into the existing capability road map. need to work out what would be operationally more. However, there is the prospect of devel-
maximum accuracy.” This includes on-contract items like E-Scan sensible because an air force commander oping variants as you shouldn’t necessarily
Also up for discussion is the potential for a radar, Meteor, Brimstone and Storm Shadow. won’t want to hand over all their aircraft for expect all the jets to do all the things, all of
new cockpit design that would allow the pilot These give a predictable and reliable baseline. six months. the time.
to exploit any new sensors and weapons to From there the team is investigating the areas “We will have to phase things in in a man- “That’s important because, firstly, not all
their full potential. Initial discussions have al- that could benefit from technological change. ner that means customers will still have the pilots are trained to carry out all the roles,
ready started on what a prototype would look The report examines options for the develop- aircraft on call when they need them, but they and secondly, if you don’t have to apply a
like. mental opportunities for the 20 years there- can rotate those back into industry to carry modification across an entire fleet it can re-
Rob says: “Because the cockpit is one of after. out changes that are appropriate for the role duce costs.
the systems on the aircraft and it has a lot of that the aircraft is going to do, in a manner “The idea of having different variants is
equipment in it, it is one of the candidates for PHASE TWO: that’s also affordable. something that’s been happening throughout
change. This enhancement is being driven by Start a system definition with the aim of devel- “Therefore, probably the optimum time for aviation history. Indeed, even variants are
the need to ensure mission effectiveness — in oping the enablers for the key areas of refresh a refresh will be within the next 10 years. often further subdivided. So we recognise
other words the pilot’s situational awareness that have been identified, including the plan for That’s based on the time left in service, the that, while it should still be a multi-role air-
and decision making. Over time, the existing development of technology demonstrators. maturity of evolving technology and the craft and will continue to be so, there will be
cockpit configuration will reach its limit, in exploitation of the roles that the aircraft is some potential niche roles that a ‘mini-fleet’
terms of the amount of information a pilot can expected to perform. will be able to fulfil.”20 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD SQUADRON SQUADRON 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD 21
2,000 HOURS F
light Lieutenant Richard Watts — a UK Captain Jez Attridge, who presented him with Flt. Lt. Watts joined the RAF in March 1983
Royal Air Force pilot — achieved the a bespoke 2,000 hours flying patch — the only and, three years later, was given the opportu-
milestone earlier this year, during a one of its kind! nity to fulfil his childhood dream when he was
training sortie in a Typhoon from 29(Reserve) “I have been tremendously fortunate to posted to 43(Fighter) Squadron at RAF
Squadron at RAF Coningsby. have been involved with the Typhoon fleet Leuchars to fly Phantoms, clocking up nearly
Following the flight, the 55-year-old taxied since its introduction into RAF service. It has 700 hours.
back in style through a stunning arc of water been a privilege to observe at close-hand its In 1989, he transferred to the Tornado F3,
TYPHOON PILOT ACHIEVES in a salute to his achievement.
He was met by Typhoon Force Commander,
Air Commodore Ian Duguid and RAF
development into the world-class aircraft that
it is today,” he said.
Incredibly, Flt. Lt. Watts also amassed
where he served for over 15 years on 5, 25,
29, 56 and 229 Squadrons. He also served
five tours on Operation Southern Watch,
NEW MILESTONE Coningsby Station Commander, Group over 2,000 hours on the Tornado F3, putting
him in a very unique club of fighter pilots
who have achieved this feat on two different
enforcing the No-Fly-Zone over Southern Iraq
as well as numerous detachments to the
Falkland Islands.
aircraft types. His first exposure to military aviation
He transferred to the Typhoon in 2005, came in 1966 when he went as a six-year-old
and has served as an Instructor Pilot on 29 to Farnborough Air Show. His love for flying
Squadron for the last 11 years, making him was cemented during his time attending the
one of the most experienced Typhoon Combined Cadet Force (CCF) at Maidstone
Instructor Pilot in the world. Grammar School, where he was fortunate
A pilot has created a piece of Eurofighter Typhoon history after enough to receive a Flying Scholarship. He
later attended Bristol University, and
becoming the first in the world to reach 2,000 flying hours. >> became a keen member of the University Air
Squadron (UAS).22 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD 23
Photo by: Dr. Stefan Petersen24 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD AIR POLICING AIR POLICING 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD 25
GERMAN I
t’s the third time the German Air Force has
taken charge of BAP duties. The aircraft
are part of the Luftwasse´s 74th Tactical
EUROFIGHTERS Air Force Wing, based at Neuburg Air Base in
Bavaria.
ON PATROL Operating from the Ämari Air Base in
Estonia, the German Air Force took over the
role from the UK Royal Air Force.
IN THE The handover was marked by a ceremony
at Ämari which was attended by former
Estonian President Arnold Ruutel, Defence
BALTICS Minister Hannes Hanso, Commander of the
Estonian defense forces Lt. Gen. Riho Terras,
Germany's Charge d'Affaires Reinhard
Wiemer and the RAF Typhoon Force
Commander, Air Commodore Ian Duguid.
Defense Minister Hannes Hanso said: "As
recently as three years ago there were no
rotating allied troops at Ämari and we were
living in a totally different security situation.
Germany took over NATO’s Baltic
Air Policing (BAP) mission in
September, with five Eurofighters
from the Tactical Air Wing 74 in
Neuburg, Bavaria deployed to
Let me assure you that your presence is send-
Estonia. >> ing a strong signal of the unity and adaptabili-
ty of NATO and we definitive don't see your
contribution as taken for granted."
Meanwhile, German and Latvian troops
recently took part in a joint exercise in Latvia,
not far from the Russian border, as part of a
broader initiative by NATO to bolster air
defences. Germany deployed close to 80
troops and 400 tonnes of equipment,
which included a mobile control centre,
for the exercise.
Lieutenant General Karl Muellner, chief of
the German Air Force, said the exercise would
help German and Latvian troops practice the
complex interplay of technology, personnel
and unfamiliar terrain ahead of any potential
real deployment.
The joint operations are part of NATO's
"Persistent Presence" exercise and involve
Germany's Deployable Control and Reporting
Centre, which is patrolling a section of Baltic
airspace using its own and several Baltic
radars.
Earlier this year, NATO leaders agreed to
move four battalions totaling more than 3,000
troops to the Baltic States and Eastern Poland
for the first time, and increase air and sea
patrols.26 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD EUROFIGHTER EUROFIGHTER 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD 27
SINA
HINTEREGGER Photo by: Lucas Pripfl Q & A
WITH
Sina Hinteregger is a
Eurofighter Typhoon SINA
aircraft mechanic based HINTEREGGER
in Zeltweg, Austria. Away
from work Sina, who was What attracted you to the role as an aircraft techni-
cian on the Eurofighter?
born in November 1996, It’s a job that really appealed to me — I mean how many
people get the opportunity to work on an incredible
also happens to be one aircraft like the Eurofighter Typhoon?
of her nation’s best triath- How did you come to get the role?
I’m lucky because my home town Zeltweg is where the
letes. She competes in Austrian air base Fliegerhorst Zeltweg is located, so I knew
a lot about the aircraft. But I was attracted to working as
both regular and cross a technician on the Eurofighter because I have always had
a keen interest in technology.
triathlons, the latter is an
What characteristics do you like best about the
off-road version of Eurofighter?
That’s hard to say. From an engineering point of view, I
triathlon and usually com- really do find the entire aircraft really fascinating, but I’m
especially interested in the engine.
bines a 1km swim, a
Is it hard to combine sport with your job?
20-30km bike ride and a Yes, unfortunately it is. I work full-time on the Eurofighter
and therefore I am only able to train for
6-10km trail run. >> my sports in my free time.
Where do you see yourself
in 10 years from now - in
terms of your sports and
your job?
In my job I would like to pursue a
career in the engine maintenance
programme of the aircraft. In
sporting terms, I would like to be
at world class level in the women’s
cross triathlon.
SINA’S HONOURS
Are there any parallels between
2016 your sporting life and your career?
WINTER TRIATHLON WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP Yes, they both demand a great deal of
WOMEN ELITE UNDER 23s IN AUSTRIA discipline and accuracy.28 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD SQUADRONS SQUADRONS 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD 29
GROSSETO AIR BASE
A COMMANDING COLONEL MARCO LANT
4th Wing Commander for the
Italian Air Force
VIEW
Colonel Marco Lant is only
one month into his posting as
4th Wing Commander for the
Italian Air Force, but he already
has a unique perspective on
the work being carried out at
Base Aero Grosseto.
Colonel Lant is in an exceptional
position: on the one hand he’s
the leader of more than 1,000
men and women, and on the
other he’s a ‘student’, part of a
cohort of pilots going through
Eurofighter Typhoon Conversion
Training with the base’s 20th
Squadron. >>
“THE AIRCRAFT IS AN EXCELLENT MACHINE AND WE ARE VERY PLEASED WITH IT.
IT REALLY SUITS OUR NEEDS.”30 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD SQUADRONS SQUADRONS 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD 31
>> A COMMANDING VIEW
I
t’s akin to a Michelin-starred chef being For the new 4th Wing Commander the aim
served as a customer in his own restaurant is clear: “My main, personal objective is to
every day. Aside from giving Colonel Lant a allow people to work and achieve results in a
cockpit view of the capabilities and perfor- coordinated way — to bring everybody on
mance available from a Typhoon seat, it’s board, try to fulfil our mission.
allowed him to get under the skin of the base “Around the two squadrons you have all
and see it from the eyes of a ‘user’, not just a the infrastructure that usually surrounds
leader. flying activity and that brings to the base
This twin role came about, in part, thanks 1,200 people or so working on it. We are very
to an air force initiative designed to give lead- busy here; busy carrying out deployments; on
ers contrasting experiences. Immediately other engagements; and our regular commit-
prior to this posting Colonel Lant was based at ments that we have. The whole wing is active-
the Logistics Department in the Air Force ly fulfilling a range of different commitments.
headquarters in Rome for a couple of years. “As wing commander your job is to
He’d actually started his career as a Tornado manage everything. You are in charge of
pilot and then spent around 10 years with the everything from the operational part, the
world-renowned Frecce Tricolori aerobatic logistics through to the administrative with all
team. the paperwork. My goal over the next two
“I was actually carrying out a totally differ- years is to do this in a coordinated way with-
ent role before taking up this position, but in out wasting energy, or time — by trying to do
recent times the Air Force has been trying to this in an efficient way. For me that’s impor-
put people with different backgrounds in tant. It’s not enough for us to achieve results
charge of things,” he says. “The thinking is but the way which we achieve them is impor-
that you will approach the job with fresh ener- tant. You can achieve a result in many ways.”
gy as well as bringing a different mind-set and The importance of the role is underlined by
experience to the role. It’s not easy, but I the incredible collection of memorabilia in
consider myself very lucky, because of my Colonel Lant’s office. It’s a room packed with
team here. They’re very professional, very well images and symbols that trace the roots of
prepared and very dedicated. It really is an the 4th Wing to their earliest days. Indeed,
incredible experience because of all the differ- while the 4th Wing was founded in 1931 — and
ent aspects, not least the fact that there are the original flag from 1931 is preserved and
something like 1,200 people here.” displayed in a special case — its story goes
The one real gap on his CV was Eurofighter back well before then. Alongside the flag
Typhoon and that’s what Grosseto is exclu- there’s a picture of Francesco Baracca, Italy’s
sively about. So about three months prior to World War One fighter ace.
taking up his command, he joined up with the “Baracca used to fly with the rampant
rest of the students. horse insignia (the Cavallino Rampante) on his
“The funny thing is that I was enrolled in a aircraft in tribute to his former cavalry
class of guys straight out of the Academy, so regiment and when he became part of the
there are about 20 years between me and the 91st squadron, the insignia became the in-
rest of the students. At the beginning it was a signia of the squadron. After his death, his
little bit awkward so I had to straighten things family later gave the same insignia to Ferrari
out from day one and we had a little talk but with one change — the tail of the horse.
where I told them: ‘Look, I am just one of you.’ We have the original one, the Ferrari one has
“Getting used to one another was fun, and flipped the tail upwards.
actually, from a serious point of view, it gave “Next year the 9th squadron will celebrate
me the opportunity to test the Operational its 100th anniversary. It’s the oldest squadron
Conversion Unit from a real end user point of in Italy. It actually dates back to the era even
view: I could see the syllabus right from within before the air force was formed because they
the system, which has been very valuable. were part of the army. So the whole history of
“That’s really precious as a commander. the Wing is really fascinating to me.”
You approach problems and challenges from All around the base there are lots of
the other side, and from the management side reminders of that rich past with versions of the
it gives you an idea what the guys go through Cavallino Rampante everywhere. Living up to
because, after all, together with the QRA such an illustrious lineage must be a challenge
service, the Conversion Unit is the main for today’s 4th Wing standard bearers. But
business of the 4th Wing.” THE 20TH SQUADRON LEADS THE OPERATIONAL Colonel Lant’s early impression of the work
The 20th Squadron leads the Operational being carried out is favourable: “I am very
Conversion Unit for all the Italian Air Force CONVERSION UNIT FOR ALL THE ITALIAN AIR pleased because the ‘Grosseto’ machine is
Eurofighter Typhoon fleet. New pilots arrive at working very well and we provide an excellent
Grosseto from all over Italy and are trained to
a high level before joining the operational
FORCE EUROFIGHTER TYPHOON FLEET. service. I knew that people here would be very
busy and I didn’t really need confirmation of
squadrons. The main mission of the 4th Wing that, but lately, with a number of new commit-
is the Quick Reaction Alert service — taking ments, it’s been more difficult than ever to
care of airspace all over northern Italy — which keep up with things. As a new person that’s
is the job of the 9th Squadron. Photo by: Michele Seri the most difficult part — bringing all the >>32 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD SQUADRONS SQUADRONS 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD 33
>> A COMMANDING VIEW
pieces of the puzzle together and trying to pre- “From a QRA perspective Typhoon is
serve the thing that I believe is the most impor-
tant resource — our human resources.”
His biggest challenge has been taking in all
the information that’s come his way; ‘like
perfect for the job because of its performance
and information levels.”
The next two years will undoubtedly be a
busy period for the 4th Wing Commander,
LION HEARTS AND
trying to drink from a water hose’, is how he
describes it.
While relatively new to Typhoon, Colonel
Lant has already joined the pilot fan club. “The
aircraft is an excellent machine and we are very
with a number of deployments being planned,
which will build on the work already carried
out.
“Earlier this year we completed our first
Red Flag which was a milestone for the
BRAIN POWER
pleased with it. It really suits our needs. It’s aircraft and for the fleet because of the logis-
very easy to adapt to, even for somebody like tic endeavour and the operational effort that
me, not born and raised around the Eurofighter. was put into it. This wasn’t Grosseto on its
It’s very easy to get used to, and gives you lots own, it was a whole fleet effort and it was
of information — sometimes too much for a very well managed. We are very pleased with
brand new pilot to take in — so again you have the outcome and we learned a lot. In fact we
Y
to select the pieces of information that you are still in the process of exploiting what we ou can’t fail to notice the Latin motto of needed to be a Eurofighter pilot go far beyond
really need. But it’s a fascinating aircraft and learned.” >
B
ase Aero Grosseto in Tuscany has enjoyed a key the very brightest too.
strategic value for the Italian Air Force for many And that’s because the 20th Squadron’s Lt. Col. Morgan,
years. Its location north of Rome allows today’s core role is Typhoon training and the skills 20th Squadron Commander
QRA pilots from the 9th Squadron to reach all of north-
ern Italy. But it’s also an ideal home from a training
Pilots outbrief too.
perspective at the engineering control desk at No 1(F)
Squadron for their first Paveway IV releases
“It’s next to the biggest military air space in Italy. All
of the regular flying areas are pretty much between
Italy and the islands of Sardinia and Corsica and all of
the other air bases are there. You can fly supersonic up
to 60,000 feet,” explains Col. Lant.
This proximity allows the 4th Wing pilots to join up
with the other Wings from the Aeronautica Militare,
team together, then go back to their respective bases
and review the sorties. The area was used for NATO’s
major Trident Juncture exercise last year.
“Our working areas are excellent. We are six miles
from the sea and we take off sea-bound which means
the base is conveniently located from an environmental
view which is important. Flying-wise it’s excellent
because usually the weather is really nice. In fact,
Grosseto is named as a standard diversion for all the
other airfields.
“Our regular training area sits right above the base.
It’s limited a little bit height-wise because right above
us is the terminal area leading into Rome so we have a
height cap. But we also have the Apennines close by
for low level work and there are a couple of tactical
areas very close too so it’s an excellent location
training-wise. It allows us to carry out different scenar-
ios very quickly which saves money, time and
resources and maximises the training output.
“Partly because of the fact that every Typhoon pilot
trains here, everybody in the force has a link to
Grosseto. And there is an excellent relationship be-
tween me, the other commanders and the Wing itself.”
Photo by: Michele Seri34 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD SQUADRONS SQUADRONS 2016 • EUROFIGHTER WORLD 35
>> LION HEARTS AND BRAIN POWER
the entire Italian Air Force. Some 125 pilots A lot of the flying is carried out at night, as Lt. Col. Morgan says: “With the simulators
have graduated through the 20th Squadron much as 25 per cent, to ensure the pilots are you can create a situation that’s hard to repli-
since it started working with Typhoon in 2004. proficient in all the conditions they may come cate in a training flight. You can create all
The unit also carries out training for QWIs up against in the real world. For the new pilots sorts of emergency situations, which is obvi-
(Qualified Weapon Instructors). straight out of the academy, the challenge ously a plus in training and that’s useful even
In addition, the squadron is also involved in tends not to be about handling the flying, for the experienced pilots. The simulators also
the operational evaluation of the weapon they’re proficient at that, rather it’s coping mean we can create more complex scenarios
system, meaning it gets the first serious look with all of the information that comes their that are not allowed in real flying due to either
at any upgrades carried out by the industrial way. Which is why brain power is a prerequi- airspace constraints, or cost. You can do
partners and puts them to the test. site. whatever you want inside there.
In short, it’s a very busy Squadron, as Lt. Lt. Col. Morgan says: “They have to have “Typically in the transition phase, we will
Col. Morgan L explains. “We carry out basic the ability to handle all the data that comes have the student in the simulator and the
training, training for the QWIs and then also their way in the Typhoon. You have so much instructor monitoring the missions from the
operational evaluation activities for the information inside the cockpit. You need to console. In more complex scenarios, we have
Typhoon, and we also carry out training for the know exactly where to find specific informa- the student flying the simulator as the wing-
operational squadrons. So we train the in- tion, at any time, and know what the quickest man and we have the instructor in the other
structors for the operational squadrons and way to do or find something is. You have data aircraft. We can then ‘fly’ a mission just like
help pilots get up to the required level of com- in lots of different places inside the cockpit. we do in the real world. Then when we jump
petence if they’ve been away from flying So to help them get used to it a lot of the ini- out of the simulator we carry out the debrief
duties for any length of time.” tial work takes place on the simulator to let just as we would if we had flown the
For new pilots, their basic flying training them get accustomed to the environment. aeroplane in the real world.
takes place in Lecce or the United States, and “By the time they come to us their airman- “Of course you’re not in real danger but
in both cases they go through Lecce for their ship is really good, it’s the capability to handle after just a few minutes flying the simulator,
fourth phase training – some train on the all the data. That’s the problem I had the first you think exactly like you would be flying a
MB346, and others on the MB339. But time when I flew the aircraft. I came from real jet and you only realise that when you
Typhoon represents a significant step up, flying F-14 and F-16s and these were a little land. Your brain gets immersed in the problem
hence the need for conversion training, which bit less complex than this one.” solving.”
is tailored to each individual. Senior instructor Lt. Col. Stefano P adds:
“The syllabus is essentially the same for “The aircraft is complex but getting used to it
everybody, but as soon as each student starts is just a matter of time. When you understand
the course we assess their individual profi- how it works and where to find all the informa-
ciency and then, if they are good enough, we tion you need, it’s straightforward. The big
can condense the training by cutting some difference when compared to older aircraft
missions,” adds Lt. Col. Morgan. was that the pilot was a stick and rudder pilot
“It’s a performance-based syllabus so, as but, with Typhoon you are a Weapons System
long as they gain the required standard at Manager. The aeroplane flies by itself, you just
each phase we can push ahead. We have need to make more focus on the manage-
almost 10 years’ experience training on the ment. Basically, it’s like a flying desk, and your
Typhoon and know when an individual meets job is to process all the information, and
the required standard. Once they meet the handle all the different systems, but, in terms
requirements or go above that standard we of flying, the aeroplane flies by itself.”
push forward with the training.” For a student, a typical day in the office
The course usually lasts around six to starts three hours in advance of flying. They
seven months, depending on an individual’s are given a thorough brief before going off to
progress, and consists of a number of differ- the aircraft for the mission. The flight itself
Senior instructor Lt. Col. Stefano
ent phases. It starts with the basic transition typically takes place over an hour and a half.
to the jet, which prepares the pilots for solo “What happens during the flight depends
flying. on the phase of training a student is at. It can
“This element is aimed at making sure range from a simple radar-to-radar, intercept The mission training mix of live flying and
they are able to take off, land, and navigate at medium and high altitude in a relatively simulators is split about 50/50. However,
safely and have the ability to fly in all emer- easy environment, and then we go down to training doesn’t take place exclusively in the
gency situations. The next stage is Radar low level. In this timeframe, we also put in aircraft or the simulator. The 20th Squadron’s
Training, then they progress to Basic some ‘special’ unscripted events that are impressive facility also houses a couple of
Intercepts. These are simple One v One aimed to improve the skills, perhaps requiring Photo by: Geoffrey Lee, Planefocus conventional classrooms for the students to
scenarios and from there the pilots move on a special kind of manoeuvre. study the inner workings of the jet in detail.
to Quick Reaction Alert training, taking in “If it’s a special, for example the first of a There are rows of desks and computers,
Two vs One intercepts. Towards the end of particular phase, it’s often flown in a twin-seat whiteboards and wall charts.
the course the scenarios get ever more aircraft, with the instructor in the back seat. issue. If we talk it’s to improve the feedback Then we can talk on the ground about what they period in the whole training phase. It allows “It’s important for them to have an inti-
complex, with Many vs Many missions, which The instructor isn’t there to intervene, they and quality of training the student will gain might do in the future. That’s the way it works.” instructors to give the pilots feedback and for mate understanding of what they are flying
can consist of anything up to four aircraft just try to stay quiet and let the student make from the mission. All the planning and the flying builds up to students to add to their understanding.” and what’s under the skin of the aircraft,”
against many others. mistakes and then see how they are able to “We try to let them fly the aeroplane alone. one key session. The debrief. The facility has two full mission simulators says Lt. Col. Stefano.
“Every mission is a building block. We handle those mistakes. We observe. We look If, for example, they make a mistake, they “Everything is done at the debrief. We which are linked and can work on a network, This underscores their need for more than
become progressively more and more at the timeframe that goes between a mistake might find a solution I would not necessarily replay the mission through our systems, and which is a big advantage for training, because lions. Welcome to the world of 20th Squadron,
advanced, it’s all designed to improve the and a correction and, basically, we don’t have adopted in that situation but, as long as we may focus on a particular error and then it allows the instructors to simulate two-ship where lion hearts combine with brain power to
skills of the student.” touch the aeroplane unless there is a safety they find a safe solution, that’s good enough. propose a solution. This is the most crucial (two aircraft) environments. produce Italy’s finest.You can also read
