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Environmental Monitoring Report # Semi-Annual Report (January-June 2018) December 2018 Indonesia: Metropolitan Sanitation Management Investment Project Prepared by the Directorate General of Human Settlements, Ministry of Public Works and Housing for the Republic of Indonesia and the Asian Development Bank.
CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS
(as of 30 November 2018)
Currency unit – rupiah currency name in lowercase (Rp)
Rp1.00 = $0.00007
$1.00 = Rp14,240
ADB – Asian Development Bank
APBD – Anggaran Pendapatan and Belanja Daerah (Regional
Budget Income and Expenditure)
DGHS – Directorate of Human Settlements
NOTE
(i) The fiscal year (FY) of the Government of Indonesia and its agencies ends on 31
December. “FY” before a calendar year denotes the year in which the fiscal year
ends, e.g., FY2011 ends on 31 December 2011.
(ii) In this report, "$" refers to US dollars.
This environmental monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein
do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may
be preliminary in nature.
In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation
of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian
Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any
territory or area.
Environmental Safeguards Monitoring Report
First Semi-Annual Report
31 July 2018 (Updated 22 October 2018)
Project Number: 43251-025
Loan Number: 3123/8280-INO
January-June 2018
INDONESIA: Metropolitan Sanitation Management
Investment Project (MSMIP)
Prepared by the Central Project Management Unit of the Directorate General of Human
Settlements, Ministry of Public Works and Housing for the Government of Indonesia and the Asian
Development Bank.
i
NOTE
(i) In this report, "$" refers to US dollars.
This safeguard monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do
not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be
preliminary in nature.
In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation
of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian
Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any
territory or area.
i
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONs
ADB Asian Development Bank
AIF ASEAN Infrastructure Fund
AHs Affected Households
APs Affected Persons
APBDP Revised Regional Budget (Perubahan Anggaran Pendapatan Belanja Daerah)
APIP Government internal supervision/audit agency
ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations
BAPPEDA Development Planning Agency (Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah)
CAP Corrective Action Plan
CWS Collection Wastewater System
DDR Due Diligence Report
DFAT Department of Foreign and Trade (Australia)
DGHS Directorate General for Human Settlements
DIPA Issuance of spending authority (Daftar Isian Proyek Anggaran)
DED Detailed Engineering Design
EA Executing Agency
GRM Grievance Redress Mechanism
GOI Government of Indonesia
IA Implementing Agency
LARP Land Acquisition and Resettlement Plan
LPIU Local Project Implementation Unit
LPMU Local Project Management Unit
MDG Millennium Development Goals
MSMIP Metropolitan Sanitation Management Investment Project
OCR Ordinary Capital Resources
O&M Operation and Maintenance
PEMDA Local Government (Pemerintah Daerah)
PU Public Works
PISC Project Implementation and Supervision Consultant
PPK Commitment Maker (Pejabat Pembuat Komitmen)
PPMU Provincial Project Management Unit
PPIU Provincial Project Implementation Unit
SATKER Work Unit (Satuan Kerja)
SEKDA Secretary of the City
SPS Safeguard Policy Statement
UPTD Local Technical Implementation Unit (Unit Pelaksana Teknis Daerah)
WWTP Waste Water Treatment Plant
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. Executive Summary ............................................................................................................ 1
II. Project Overview, General safeguard matters ..................................................................... 2
1. Project Overview ......................................................................................................... 2
2. Project Progress .......................................................................................................... 4
3. Design Status .............................................................................................................. 4
4. Safeguard Plans Implementation Arrangements .......................................................... 8
5. Updated EMPs, Incorporation of Safeguards Requirements into Project Contractual
Arrangement...............................................................................................................14
III. Environmental Performance Monitoring .............................................................................15
1. Status of EMP implementation (Mitigation Measures) .................................................15
2. Health and Safety .......................................................................................................26
3. Environment Effect Monitoring ....................................................................................27
IV. Compliance with safeguards related project covenants......................................................33
V. Public consultation, Information Disclosure, Capability Building .........................................35
VI. Grievance Redress Mechanism .........................................................................................45
VII. Conclusion .........................................................................................................................48
VIII. Appendices ........................................................................................................................48
iii
I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1. Indonesia has one of the lowest coverage rates of conventional off-site urban sewerage in
Asia. Only 11 out of its 330 cities have partial sewerage systems, and only 2% of the national
urban population is connected to central WWTPs; the remaining urban population depends on
poorly constructed and maintained septic tanks and unlined pit latrines, which result in leachates
penetrating the aquifers. The present sanitation services are inadequate and unintegrated, due
to inadequate and poorly enforced regulations. The project will respond to the needs of urban
communities (including low-income households) by constructing new separate sewerage systems
and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), setting up local wastewater infrastructure
management institutions, and strengthening the relevant regional government departments.
2. The project was approved on 31 March 2014 for $120 million ($80 million from the Ordinary
Capital Resources and $40 million from the ASEAN Infrastructure Fund). The loan agreements
were signed on 13 May 2014, declared effective on 9 July 2014, and scheduled for closing on 31
December 2020. The project will be implemented in four cities i.e. Makassar, Jambi, Pekanbaru
and Palembang.1 The Government of Australia, through the Department of Foreign Affairs and
Trade, DFAT, will provide collaborative financing of $48.83 million grant to finance (i) the
preparation of DED for the wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and sewerage systems in
Cimahi and Makassar, and (ii) the DED and capital costs for sewerage, WWTP and construction
supervision in Palembang2. On October 2nd 2017, the Project Implementation Support
Consultant (PISC) for the project - Loan No. 3123/-I8280 (AIF)-INO Metropolitan Sanitation
Management Investment Project (MSMIP) was appointed by Directorate of General Housing
Settlement (DGHS) to undertake tasks listed under Contract HK.02.03/MSMIP-
KONS/X/11/2017. The PISC contract currently applies for the implementation support
requirements for the local governments of Makassar, Pekanbaru and Jambi.
3. In late 2016, the Government issued a new effluent standard (Permen LHK No.68/2016)
regarding quality standards of domestic waste. The new standard is more stringent compare to
the previous standard, which was the basis for the preparation of WWTP DEDs. This means
that WWTPs in Makassar, Pekanbaru and Jambi will require a redesign. This change in the
effluent standards prompted also changes in the wastewater treatment plan (WWTP)
technologies; and address deficiencies in previous detailed engineering design works prior to
PISC engagement. The City of Makassar (Losari) WWTP will utilize a Moving Bed Film Biofilm
Reactor (MBBR) while the cities of Pekanbaru opted for and Jambi (most likely) will opt for the
Conventional Activated Sludge (CAS) due to the simplicity of the process with lower operating
costs than an MBBR.
1
Originally in five cities, but Cimahi was dropped during the major change in project approved by the Board in January 2017 (Source
of Information: Aide Memoire of Review Mission for Loan 3123/L8280-INO: Metropolitan Sanitation Management Investment Project,
30 April -5 June 2018 (Intermittent)).
2 The PISC contract currently applies for the implementation support requirements for the local governments of Makassar,
Pekanbaru and Jambi only. The works and consulting services contracts in Palembang which are financed by DFAT are procured
using the DFAT procurement system. It is anticipated that the environmental monitoring reporting requirements will be done
separately by the Consultant of that Sub-project. Those reports shall be annexed to forthcoming SEMRs.
1
4. The project is Category B for both environmental and social safeguards. There are no
indigenous people that will be affected by it. Land Acquisition and Resettlement Plan3, and Initial
Environmental Examination (IEE) for each of the Subprojects were submitted in 2012 and 2013.
Due to the changes that had taken since then, it is imperative to update these documents during
the detailed engineering phase.
5. Implementation monitoring of EMP requirements is still limited because there are still no
construction activities in each of the Sub-projects. However, the environmental management
requirements during the detailed engineering phase are being assiduously considered by
addressing the new effluent standard issued by the Government, and climate change and
adaptation in the preparation of options that will be acceptable to the local government units, and
to the community as well, even if the selected options has yet to be fully disclosed to the general
public.
6. It is anticipated that following this reporting period, the IEEs for each of the Subprojects will
have already been updated and submitted to the ADB based on more recent detailed engineering
design information. In addition, the updated information will result in a more project-specific
environmental management plan that will be incorporated into each of the tender documents that
will be issued for each of the contract packages that have been formulated.
II. PROJECT OVERVIEW, GENERAL SAFEGUARD MATTERS
1. Project Overview
7. Indonesia has one of the lowest coverage rates of conventional off-site urban sewerage in
Asia. Only 11 out of its 330 cities have partial sewerage systems, and only 2% of the national
urban population is connected to central WWTPs; the remaining urban population depends on
poorly constructed and maintained septic tanks and unlined pit latrines, which result in leachates
penetrating the aquifers. The present sanitation services are inadequate and unintegrated, due
to inadequate and poorly enforced regulations. This results in limited desludging of septic tanks,
inadequate septage treatment facilities, and fragmented operational responsibility. Improved
access to safe water and basic sanitation is part of the Government of Indonesia’s effort to achieve
its 2015 Millennium Development Goal (MDG) targets. While the government’s MDG reports
suggest that good progress has been achieved with respect to sanitation, in practice the available
facilities are substandard, and rely on unsustainable septage removal and treatment facilities. As
a result, there is significant environmental pollution, widespread contamination of surface and
groundwater with the associated spread of water-related diseases, and high infant mortality. The
inadequate sanitation systems and their resulting environmental and health impacts produce
economic opportunity losses of about $5.6 billion annually, equivalent to 2.3% of the country’s
gross domestic product. These issues can be solved by the introduction of (i) public sewerage
and wastewater treatment facilities; (ii) an institutional framework for their effective operation and
maintenance (O&M); and (iii) public awareness of good sanitation practices.
3 Due Diligence Report in the case of the Makassar Subproject.
2
8. The project will support the Government of Indonesia in the improvement of urban
wastewater services in the cities of Jambi, Makassar, Palembang and Pekanbaru, which currently
lack any pipes sewerage and wastewater treatment facilities. The project will respond to the needs
of urban communities (including low-income households) by constructing new separate sewerage
systems and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), setting up local wastewater infrastructure
management institutions, and strengthening the relevant regional government departments.
9. The project was approved on 31 March 2014 for $120 million ($80 million from the Ordinary
Capital Resources and $40 million from the ASEAN Infrastructure Fund). The loan agreements
were signed on 13 May 2014, declared effective on 9 July 2014, and scheduled for closing on 31
December 2020. The Government of Australia, through the Department of Foreign Affairs and
Trade (DFAT) provides collaborative financing of $36.37 million grant to finance (i) the preparation
of detailed engineering design (DED) for WWTPs and sewerage systems in Makassar, and
(ii) the DED and capital costs for WWTP, pump station and construction supervision in
Palembang. The central government provides $98.14 million equivalent to finance DED in Jambi
and Pekanbaru, collection systems in Jambi, Makassar, Palembang, and Pekanbaru, awareness
campaign, taxes and duties, and financial charges. The participating cities provide $55.57 million
equivalent to finance land acquisition, involuntary resettlements, property connections and
construction of community-based sanitation systems and in Palembang in particular, collection
system in the North catchment area.
10. Additional information about the Project is shown in table below.
Table 1: Projects Description – Loan ADB
No Description ADB – OCR Loan ADB – AIF Loan
1 Loan Number ADB L 3123- INO ADB L 8280 - INO
2 Project Number 43251 – 025 43251 - 025
3 Total Loan $ 80 million $ 40 million
4 Signed Loan 13-May-14 13-May-14
5 Effective loan 09-Jul-14 09-Jul-14
6 Closing date 31-Dec-20 31-Dec-20
7 Method of Payment Direct Payment Direct Payment
8 No Special Account N/A N/A
9 Amount of Initial Deposit N/A N/A
10 Project Location 3 (three) 2 (two)
Implemented Local Government Local Government
a. Jambi City a. Jambi City
b. Makassar City b. Pekanbaru City
c. Pekanbaru City
3
No Description ADB – OCR Loan ADB – AIF Loan
11 Executing Agency The Directorate General of Human Settlements,
Ministry of Public Works and Housing
12 Institutions Involved
a. Central Government DGHS,
b. Provincial Government PPMU, PPIU PPMU, PPIU
Source: Monthly Report No. 8, June 2018, PISC.
11. In late 2016, the Government issued a new effluent standard (Permen LHK No.68/2016)
regarding quality standards of domestic waste. The new standard is more stringent 4 compared
to the previous standard5 which was the basis for the preparation of WWTP DEDs. This means
that WWTPs in Makassar, Pekanbaru and Jambi will require a redesign6.
2. Project Progress
12. On October 2nd 2017, the Project Implementation Support Consultant (PISC) for the
project - Loan No. 3123/-I8280 (AIF)-INO. Metropolitan Sanitation Management Investment
Project was appointed by the Directorate of General Housing Settlement (DGHS) to undertake
tasks listed under Contract HK.02.03/MSMIP-KONS/X/11/2017. The PISC consists of lead
Consultant SMEC International Pty Ltd in joint venture with Stantec Australia Pty Ltd (ex-MWH)
and in association with the following firms as sub-consultants: PT. Infra Tama Yakti (ITY), PT.
SMEC Denka Indonesia, PT. Amurwa International and PT. Widya Graha Asana (WGA).
13. The Contract will run from October 2nd, 2017 to January 2nd, 2021 which is a reduced 40-
month period from the 48 month period defined in the RFP. The PISC contract currently applies
to the implementation support requirements for the local governments of Makassar, Pekanbaru
and Jambi only. The works and consulting services contracts in Palembang which are financed
by DFAT are procured using the DFAT procurement system. It is anticipated that the
environmental monitoring reporting requirements will be done separately by the Consultant of that
Sub-project.
3. Design Status
14. The Detailed Design of the wastewater treatment plants and sewerage networks have been
prepared by other consultants, namely MWH (Makassar and Palembang), Perancang Adhinusa
and Dwikarsa Envacotama for the three cities, which currently is further being reviewed by the
PISC. Following review, the PISC will make changes where necessary and provide a robust
design that can be tendered either by using International Competitive Bidding (ICB) or National
Competitive Bidding (NCB) processes. The tendering process has been defined based on the
contracts for the Wastewater Treament plant/WTP, Wastewater sewer system/WSS which will be
4 In addition to the lower required BOD content, there is also a minimum requirement of Ammonia content that must be met.
5
The existing WWTP design follows the Environmental Ministry Regulation (Permen LH) No. 5 of 2014.
6 Source: Aide Memoire of Review Mission for Loan 3123/L8280-INO: Metropolitan Sanitation Management Investment Project, 30
April-5 June 2018 (Intermittent).
4budgeted through an ADB loan, and funds from Central Government and local Government. Once
the design and tender documents are prepared accordingly, they can be tendered and the
Construction Phase can commence. The PISC will provide construction supervision of the
development of the sewerage systems for Jambi, Makassar and Pekanbaru only.
15. The local government officials of the City of Makassar opted for a moving bed biofilm reactor
(MBBR) after being provided by the DGHS supported by the PISC with three (3) options7 of the
WWTP for the city to choose from. The local government officials of Pekanbaru opted for the
conventional activated sludge (CAS) option after DGHS supported by PISC prepared three (3)
options8 to choose from. The local government officials of Jambi will be presented with similar
technology options of the WWTP similar to that of Pekanbaru. Unofficial information as of this
reporting period indicate that the local government officials of Jambi9 would also most likely adopt
the same WWTP technology as Pekanbaru’s. The decision for the selection of the option rests
with the local government officials who base their decision on capital; and operating and
maintenance expenses; The advantages and disadvantages of each of the options are as follows:
Table 2: Advantages and Disadvantages of Wastewater Treatment Plant Options
Wastewater Technology Advantages10 Disadvantages
Options
A Conventional Activated • Flexible, can adapt to • High operating costs
Sludge (CAS)11 system minor pH, organic and (skilled labor, electricity,
commonly include an aeration temperature changes etc.)
tank, which is used for biological • Small foot print area • Generates solids
degradation, and a secondary • Degree of nitrification is requiring sludge
clarifier (sedimentation tank), controllable disposal
where the sludge in separated • Relatively minor odor • Some process
from the treated wastewater. problems alternatives are
adsorbed organic material settle. sensitive to shock loads
and metallic or other
poisons
• Requires continuous air
supply
The MBBR is a complete mix, • Compact units with • High operating costs
continuous flow through process small foot print area (skilled labor,
which combines the advantage of • Solid retention time is electricity, etc.)
fixed film and suspended growth high and effective for • The fixed film media
processes12. nitrification tends to wash out of
7 The options include the following: i) anaerobic baffled reactors (ABR) + polisher (fixed-bed biofilm activated sludge); ii) fixed-bed
biofilm activated sludge (FBAS); and iii) moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR). Previously, the ABR (trickling filter and sludge drying
bed) was the chosen technology for the WWTP (the DED is ready), but this alone will not meet the current effluent standard (Aide
Memoire of Review Mission for Loan 3123/L8280-INO: Metropolitan Sanitation Management Investment Project, 30 April – 5 June
2018 intermittent).
8 The options include i) aerated lagoon + polisher; ii) conventional activated sludge; and iii) fixed-bed biofilm activated sludge (FBAS).
9
Pending formal presentation with the local government officials – schedule of presentation has yet to be confirmed as of this reporting
period.
10
http://www.academia.edu/14996608/Type_of_Activated_Sludge_Treatment_Advantages_Disadvantages
11
http://www.onevproject.com/type-of-system/conventional-activated-sludge-systems-cas/
http://www.academia.edu/14996608/Type_of_Activated_Sludge_Treatment_Advantages_Disadvantages
12
https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-MBBR-based-technology-for-Sewage-treatment-plant
5Wastewater Technology Advantages10 Disadvantages
Options
• Higher process stability the systems over time,
• Sludge production even after installing the
reduction various strainer
systems
• High investment cost
• Fine screening is
required as
pretreatment
The FBAS process is an • Small foot print area • High operating costs
essentially an activated sludge • Aesthetic design (skilled labor,
attached growth process where the • Flexibility on electricity, etc.)
plant roots provide the area for the improvement towards a • High investment cost
biofilm to develop and grow. The tighter effluent standard • Because of higher
aeration system is divided into a in the future including automation the
series of biological reactors where phosphate, ammonia technology is not
fixed biofilm is maintained in every and nitrate. attractive for smaller
stage of the process. • Efficient oxygen and sizes of plants.
Biodegradation of influent energy consumption
contaminants takes place mainly
with the help of fixed biological
cultures, where plant roots are
used as biofilm carriers; additional
textile media is used in the reactors
as additional biofilm carriers. As a
standard feature of the technology
the reactors are covered by a
shading structure or a greenhouse.
As the influent travels through the
cascade, the available nutrient
quantity is consumed and as a
result, the composition of the
ecosystem fixed in the biofilm
changes from reactor to reactor,
gradually adapting itself to the
decreasing nutrient
concentration13.
An anaerobic baffled • Resistant to organic and • Long start-up phase
reactor (ABR) is an hydraulic shock loads • Requires expert design
improved Septic Tank with a series • No electrical energy is and construction
of baffles under which the grey-, required • Low reduction of
black- or the industrial • Low operating costs pathogens and nutrients
wastewater is forced to flow under • Long service life • Effluent and sludge
and offer the baffles from the inlet
• High reduction of BOD require further treatment
to the outlet. The increased contact
• Low sludge production; and/or appropriate
time with the
active biomass (sludge) results in the sludge is stabilized discharge
13
Comparative Study of Different Technologies for Treating Municipal Wastewater- A Review, IJIRST –International Journal for
Innovative Research in Science & Technology| Volume 2 | Issue 11 | April 2016 ISSN (online): 2349-6010.
6Wastewater Technology Advantages10 Disadvantages
Options
improved treatment. ABRs are • Moderate area • Needs strategy for
robust and can treat a wide range requirement (can be faecal sludge
of wastewater, but both built underground) management (effluent
remaining sludge and effluents still • Simple to operate quality rapidly
need further treatment in order to deteriorates if sludge is
be reused or discharged not removed regularly)
properly .
14
• Needs water to flush
• Clear design guidelines
are not available yet
• Does not remove
ammonia-nitrogen
• Needs extra handling for
biogas (as the by-
product)
16. There are no construction contracts that have been tendered or awarded yet during this
reporting period.
17. The table below summarizes the status of the project:
Table 3: Project Overview, Snapshot of Project Progress
Project Number and ADB Loan No. 3123-INO Metropolitan Sanitation Management Investment
Title: Project (MSMIP)
Environment B
Safeguards Category Indigenous Peoples Not applicable
Involuntary
B
Resettlement
Reporting period: January to June 2018
Not applicable. This is the first Semi-annual Safeguard Monitoring Report
Last report date:
since award of the contract to the PISC.
Contract awarding: 02 October 2017 for the Project Implementation Support
Consultant (PISC) for the project - Loan No. 3123-INO. Metropolitan
Sanitation Management Investment Project to undertake tasks listed under
Contract HK.02.03/MSMIPKONS/X/11/2017. The PISC consists of lead
Consultant SMEC International Pty Ltd in joint venture with Stantec Australia
Pty Ltd (ex-MWH) and in association with the following firms as
Key sub-project subconsultants: PT. Infra Tama Yakti (ITY), PT. SMEC Denka Indonesia, PT.
activities since last Amurwa International and PT. Widya Graha Asana (WGA). No civil works
report: contracts have been tendered and awarded for the project during this period.
Progress of Work; PISC – 20% of the contract period has since elapsed; No
civil works involved as of current reporting period (0 % physical completion).
Status of Safeguard Approvals/Permits/Consents: Initial Environmental
Examination (IEE) documents prepared in 2012 and disclosed in the ADB
website in 2013 are awaiting updating due to change in effluent standards
14 http://archive.sswm.info/category/implementation-tools/wastewater-treatment/hardware/semi-centralised-wastewater-treatments-8
7prompting also changes in the wastewater treatment plan (WWTP)
technologies; and addressing deficiencies in previous detailed engineering
design works prior to PISC engagement. The City of Makassar (Losari)
WWTP will utilize a Moving Bed Film Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) while the cities
of Pekanbaru and Jambi opted for the Conventional Activated Sludge (CAS).
Central Project Management Unit with assistance from the Project
Report prepared by:
Implementation Support Consultant (PISC)15
Source: Table template provided by ADB. Contents provided by PISC
18. This is the first Semi-annual Environmental Monitoring Report (SEMR) covering the period
01 January to 30 June 2018. It is prepared by the CPMU and submitted to ADB in accordance
with the safeguard monitoring and reporting requirements set out in the Project Administration
Manual, Project Grant Agreement as well as the ADB Safeguard Policy Statement 2009 (SPS).
4. Safeguard Plans Implementation Arrangements
19. The Directorate General of Human Settlements (DGHS), Ministry of Public Works (MPW)
is the executing agency of the MSMIP. It created a Central Project Management Unit (CPMU)
under its Directorate of Environmental Sanitation Development (PPLP). The implementing
agencies at the subproject level are two units working together: the Satuan Kerja (SATKER) for
the Provinces (South Sulawesi for the Makassar Subproject, Riau for the Pekanbaru Subproject,
and Jambi for the Jambi Subproject) as the Provincial Project Implementation Unit (PPIU); and
each of the city’s Local Project Management Units (LPMU).
20. Environmental Aspects. The table 4 below summarizes the institutional management for
the environmental aspects of the project. The links among related sections under the project is
shown in Figure 1 below.
Table 4: Environmental Aspects Institutional Set-up
Unit Unit Functions Responsible for Consultants/Functions
Environmental
Aspects/Functions
Construction Phase
Ministry of Public Executing Agency for
Works’ Directorate the MSMIP; provides
General for Human Technical supervision
Settlements (Cipta and responsibility over
Karya) the investment
Central Project Responsible for CPMU Environment Project Implementation
Management Unit MSMIP implementation Officer (to be Support Consultants
(CPMU) will be in project cities; designated); (PISC) and the Capacity
created under the coordinates with ADB responsible for overall Building Consultants
Directorate of and other external environmental (CBC); National
Development, agencies supervision of Environmental Advisor
Sanitation, subprojects; (part of PISC) will: (i)
coordinates with PPIU review the revised IEEs
15 SMEC International Pty Ltd (SMEC) in joint venture with Stantec Australia Pty. Ltd (ex-MWH Australia Pty Ltd) and in association
with the following Sub-consultants: PT. Infra Tama Yakti (ITY), PT. SMEC Denka Indonesia (SMEC Denka), PT. Amurwa International,
and PT. Widya Graha Asana (WGA).
8Unit Unit Functions Responsible for Consultants/Functions
Environmental
Aspects/Functions
Environment and and LPMU Environment prepared during detailed
Housing (PPLP)16 Officers to ensure design stage, (ii) assist
environmental CPMU in ensuring that
requirements are EMPs are included in the
address effectively; bidding documents and
responsible for semi- civil works contracts; (iii)
annual environmental assist the CPMU, PPIU,
monitoring reports and LPMU in monitoring
Preparation of EMP implementation,
(iv) training of CPMU,
PPIU, and LPMU staff in
environmental
safeguards and
monitoring; and (v) assist
CPMU in preparation of
semi-annual
environmental monitoring
reports.
WWTP Training
Consultant (part of CBC)
shall facilitate hands-on
training of all WWTP
Operators
SATKER for the Key implementation PPIU Environment Advisory services to be
Provinces unit in the field; Officer; responsible for provided by the National
as the Provincial provides construction overall environmental Environmental Advisor
Project contracts’ supervision; supervision of (part of PISC)
Implementation Unit closely monitors construction activities;
(PPIU) construction progress ensures that the
Contractor’s EMP is
properly implemented
and monitored;
prepares monthly
environmental
monitoring reports;
provides input to the
CPMU Environment
Officer in the
preparation of the semi-
annual environmental
monitoring reports
Preparation
City’s Monitors LPMU Environment Advisory services to be
Local Project implementation of Officer; coordinates provided by the National
Management Unit the project in the with the city’s Environmental Advisor
(LPMU). city and environment agency, (part of PISC)
coordinates the needed Dinas Lingkungan
local inputs and Hidup (DLH); assists
resources; the PPIU in monitoring
the implementation of
16 CPMU has already been created.
9Unit Unit Functions Responsible for Consultants/Functions
Environmental
Aspects/Functions
the Contractor’s EMP;
assists the CSECC in
Addressing
environmental
complaints; LPMU
Chief sits as the
Chairperson of the ad
hoc City Sewerage
Environmental
Complaints Committee
(CSECC)
Construction Implement construction Contractor’s
contractors of the activities; implement Environment Officer (to
proposed city’ the Contractors’ EMP be designated);
sewerage system responsible for
implementation of the
Contractor’s EMP;
coordinates with the
PPIU and LPMU
Environment Officers
and BLH; assist City’s
CSECC in addressing
environmental
complaints; contractor’s
highest official at the
site such as the
Construction Manager
or Construction
Superintendent sits as a
member of the CSECC
Operation Phase
City’s Unit Pelaksana Operates the City’s City UPTD’s WWTP Advisor
Teknis Daerah (UPTD) sewerage system Pollution Control Officer (consultant) guides
or another service (to function also as the City’s
delivery unit Environment Officer); WWTP operators
responsible for all during the initial 3-
environmental matters month period
of the sewerage system
including EMP
implementation and
self-monitoring;
coordinates with the
city’s environment
agency (Dinas
Lingkungan Hidup);
The Pollution Control
Officer shall ideally be
the WWTP Supervisor;
ensures compliance to
effluent regulations;
attend to permits
10Unit Unit Functions Responsible for Consultants/Functions
Environmental
Aspects/Functions
requirements for
continued WWTP
operation; supervise the
proper operation and
maintenance of
pollution control
devices; prepares
reports required by BLH
including notification if
WWTP is not
functioning well due to
technical problems;
recommend to
management any
improvements or
required additional
equipment for better
WWTP compliance to
GOI standards.
Source: Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) of each of the Subprojects dated January 2013.
11Figure 1: The Environmental Management Institutional Framework
21. The table below indicates the status of the Environmental Safeguard documents
previously submitted and approved by the ADB as of the indicated dates, and being updated by
CPMU through the PISC as of the reporting period.
Table 5: Status of Environmental Safeguard Document
Safeguard Document Date Updated by Approved by Remarks
Submitted to PISC ADB
ADB
Initial Environmental
Examination (IEE)
Undergoing
On-going
updating pending
with updated
- Makassar Not applicable completion of
January 2013 project
at this time. detailed
inputs to be
engineering design
incorporated
and consultation
12Safeguard Document Date Updated by Approved by Remarks
Submitted to PISC ADB
ADB
with affected
communities on the
new WWTP
technology
adopted.17
Undergoing
updating pending
completion of
On-going detailed
with updated engineering design
Not applicable
- Pekanbaru January 2013 project and consultation
at this time.
inputs to be with affected
incorporated communities on the
new WWTP
technology
adopted.
Undergoing
updating pending
completion of
On-going detailed
with updated engineering design
Not applicable
- Jambi June 2013 project and consultation
at this time.
inputs to be with affected
incorporated communities on the
new WWTP
technology
adopted.
The works and consulting services contracts in
Palembang which are financed by DFAT are procured
using the DFAT procurement system. The
environmental monitoring reporting requirements will
- Palembang June 2013
be done separately by the Consultant of that Sub-
project. The Consultant’ report when made available
shall be provided as an Annex to the SEMRs for ADB
submission.
Source: PISC
22. AMDAL Document (GOI Requirement). All three (3) subprojects under this phase of the
MSMIP had undergone environmental assessment following Indonesia’s environmental
regulations. Due to the change in WWTP technology in these 3 cities (Makassar, Jambi, and
Pekanbaru) and based on Government Regulation No. 27/2017 concerning the Environmental
Permit Article 50 that changes of Environmental Permits are required. In order the changes of
environmental permit process, so the ANDAL, RKL and RPL document and Environmental Permit
need to get updated through environmental screening. This screening will be followed by the
issuance of official letter from Local Environmental Agency on the requirement recommendation
of type of AMDAL document (ANDAL, RKL, RPL, or UKL-UPL) and the Environmental Permit
from Mayor of Makassar, Jambi, and Pekanbaru. The form of environmental screening matrix has
been informed to PPK Pekanbaru and Secretary of Public Work Agency of Makassar City by
17 IEE Makassar Updated was submitted on 3rd October 2018
13PISC. The environmental screening matrix of WWTP Pekanbaru City and Makassar City as
presented on Appendix 1.
23. Makassar Subproject. The Makassar Subproject had been issued an Environmental
Permit (EP) with supporting evidence appended in the ANDAL document (The ANDAL, RKL and
RPL for this subproject had been prepared twice – in 2010 and 2016). The PISC Consultant
recommended that since there is now a change in the wastewater technology, it will be prudent
to inform the issuing authority of this change, provide a technology description and request for an
amendment for the permit without undergoing the same permit processing again. This needs the
proper representation of the City Government to facilitate the issuance of an amended permit.
Currently, however, the local government of Makassar will resubmit an updated version to reflect
the technology change for the issuance of a new EP.
24. Pekanbaru Subproject. The ANDAL, RKL and RPL for the Pekanbaru Subproject was
prepared in 2013. However, based on discussions with staff of the Dinas Lingkungan Hidup in
Pekanbaru, there was a mis-communication and these were not submitted for review and
recommendation for the issuance of the Environment Permit. Since there had been considerable
time had elapsed since the time of preparation, it would appear that the ANDAL/RKL and RPL
may have to be redone to take into account latest detailed engineering design information under
the PISC’s engagement or so it seems considering that there had been design review issues
found out in the preparation of the detailed design document.
25. Jambi Subproject. The ANDAL, RKL and RPL for the Jambi Subproject was also not yet
made available during the coordination meeting and site visit in the local government sometime
mid-March 2018. This was ostensibly prepared sometime in 2013 and an Environment Permit
had already been issued. But the Environment Permit may need to be made available, and if
indeed had already been issued, the Proponent needs to request for extension of its validity if no
material changes to the project will take place.
26. Palembang Subproject. The works and consulting services contracts in Palembang
which are financed by DFAT are procured using the DFAT procurement system. The
environmental monitoring has not been much done yet by the Palembang consultant18.
5. Updated EMPs, Incorporation of Safeguards Requirements into Project Contractual
Arrangement
27. The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) forming part of the Initial Environmental
Examination (IEE) for Makassar, Jambi and Pekanbaru, all dated January 2013, still require
updating as of this reporting period. The detailed engineering design from which the updated IEE
will be based for the off-site wastewater collection system and treatment has yet to be completed
prompted by the inadequacies of the previous detailed engineering design as per review by the
PISC; the updated in the National effluent standard (Permen LHK No. 68/2016); and changes in
18 based on the information from Palembang Consultant dated on 21 October 2018
14the technologies adopted for the wastewater treatment plants due to the change in the
aforementioned standards.
28. Environment management inputs have been provided in the draft Employer’s Requirements
that will form part of the tender documentation for the Design and Build mode of procurement for
the Makassar WWTP. Following the updating of the IEE, the environmental management
requirements as a part of IEE Makassar have been coordinated with PISCs Procurement
Specialist19 for the finalization of the environmental inputs to this document. This will be also
similarly done when the tender documents for the Pekanbaru and Jambi WWTPs will be prepared.
III. ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE MONITORING
1. Status of EMP implementation (Mitigation Measures)
29. The Subprojects in Pekanbaru and Jambi are currently under the detailed engineering
phase and the work will be conducted by the PISC. The PISC on the other hand prepared the
basic design for the Subproject in Makassar which will be procured under a Design and Build
procurement contract sometime within the next couple of months this year. These activities are
focusing on meeting climate change and adaptation requirements as well as the new effluent
standard issued by the Government; as well as resolving land acquisition issues. Consultation
with the local government officials had been on-going for quite some time in the selection of
WWTP technology options. However, consultations with the rest of the stakeholders for the
selected options has yet to take place in earnest.
30. The IEEs submitted for Makassar, Pekanbaru and Jambi in 2013 are undergoing updating
based on current detailed engineering design requirements. Presented in the table below are the
generic environmental impacts and mitigations measures culled out from the environmental
management plan of those IEEs together with the status of compliance and further actions
required on issues that had been identified. Since there are no construction and operation
activities yet that are taking place, compliance reporting will not be complete for each of the item
presented.. The compliance status for Pre-construction Phase is still based on the original design
because no definite information had been made available yet for the new technology at that time
of reporting. It is anticipated that during the next SEMR, the Pre-construction Phase information
shall already be based from the approved updated IEEs as these are submitted to ADB for review
and comments. These will change and will be updated and reported accordingly.
19 Scheduled to mobilize sometime in August 2018.
15Table 6: Compliance with EMP Requirements (Environmental Performance)
Compliance Status Comment or Reasons Issues for Further
EMP Requirements
(Yes, No, Partial) for Non-Compliance Action
Pre-construction Phase
Climate Change
Vulnerability of WWTP
- Conduct of hydrology Yes PISC utilized available
and flooding study for secondary information
the proposed WWTP from previous studies
site to ensure that conducted for the
occurrence of flooding project areas.
is properly evaluated;
study to be used for
WWTP design and
engineering
specifications to ensure
that it is less vulnerable
to extreme flood events
considering climate
changes.
Mitigation of WWTPs
greenhouse gases
- Membrane covered No The Makassar WWTP Makassar Subject for
anaerobic ponds shall adopted MBBR while Design-Build
be connected by pipe to Pekanbaru and Jambi procurement.
a flare for burning to will adopt Conventional
avoid releasing the Activated Sludge. Pekanbaru and
generated methane Methane gas will no Jambi Subprojects for
from the ponds. longer be generated detailed engineering
because of the design by PISC.
absence of anaerobic
ponds in these adopted
WWTP technologies.
Potential nuisance
and problems to the
public from the city’s
sewerage system
implementation.
- Consultation with the Yes. During the
affected communities preparation of the IEE
regarding the expected by the project
impacts and proposed preparation team in
mitigation measures of 2012/2013, and during
the project; the AMDAL process
(attached in AMDAL
Document). Jambi was
carried out on 23 June
2014. Pekanbaru was
carried out on 11
November 2013.
Makassar was carried
out in 2010 and 2016.
16Compliance Status Comment or Reasons Issues for Further
EMP Requirements
(Yes, No, Partial) for Non-Compliance Action
- Tender documents Yes
shall include provisions
addressing the potential
nuisance and problems
to the public during the
construction phase.
- During detailed Yes
design, construction
methods that avoid
excavations of the
entire proposed sewer
alignment such as pipe
jacking and micro-
tunneling shall be
evaluated for their
applicability (with
considerations also to
cost implications) to
streets with heavy
commercial activities.
Potential damage to Yes
archaeological and
cultural assets
- Tender documents
shall include a provision
that will require
construction activities to
be stopped immediately
upon discovery of any
archaeological and
cultural relics.
Archeological research,
and heritage
preservation offices to
the informed promptly:
• Makassar City
Government, and
the Balai Arkeologi
Makassar
(Makassar
Archeological
Research Office)
• Pekanbaru City
Government and
the Balai Arkeologi
Medan (Medan
Archaeological
Research Office)
• Jambi City
Government and
the Balai
17Compliance Status Comment or Reasons Issues for Further
EMP Requirements
(Yes, No, Partial) for Non-Compliance Action
Pelestarian
Peninggalan
Purbakala Jambi
(Jambi
Archaeological
Heritage
Preservation)
Loss of assets Pekanbaru: Please refer to the
- Compensation and Compensation for details discussed in
other assistance for additional land Section IV of this
loss of assets and land acquisition report.
acquisition requirements
- Consultation and Jambi: waiting for the
Partial
information land certification from
dissemination to the land agency
affected people Makassar: A LARP was
Partial not prepared yet
because land
acquisition process
was undertaken prior to
PPTA mobilization.
Construction Phase
Potential damage to
archaeological and
cultural
assets.
- Contractors shall
stopped
immediately the
activities upon discovery
of any archaeological
and cultural relics.
• Makassar City
Government, and
the Balai Arkeologi
Makassar
(Makassar No construction activities yet.
Archeological
Research Office)
• Pekanbaru City
Government and
the Balai Arkeologi
Medan (Medan
Archaeological
Research Office)
• Jambi City
Government and
the Balai
Pelestarian
Peninggalan
Purbakala Jambi
18Compliance Status Comment or Reasons Issues for Further
EMP Requirements
(Yes, No, Partial) for Non-Compliance Action
(Jambi
Archaeological
Heritage
Preservation)
Soil erosion and
sediments of
construction sites
- Total exposed area
shall be
minimized; divert storm
water
flows away from the
exposed
areas and sediment
controls
using small interceptor
dikes,
pipe slope drains, grass
bale
barriers, sediment
traps, and
No construction activities yet.
temporary sediment
basins;
isolation barrier for raw
water intake
construction of
embankments for the
ponds, requires: (i)
construction of all
permanent erosion
control features as soon
as practical, such as
riprap, and
(ii) provision of erosion
control
blankets for sections
not yet
stabilized
Nuisance from noise
of
construction
equipment.
- Not to operate noisy
equipment during
nighttime (19:00 –
06:00); sound No construction activities yet.
suppression for
equipment; ear plugs for
workers; noise levels not
to exceed 55
dB(A) near schools and
residential areas as
mandated by
19Compliance Status Comment or Reasons Issues for Further
EMP Requirements
(Yes, No, Partial) for Non-Compliance Action
GOI’s regulation; use of
temporary noise barriers
Air pollution due to
construction activities
- Water spraying for dust
control; construction
materials with potential
for significant dust
generation shall be
covered; not smoke No construction activities yet.
belchers equipment;
Trucks transporting
loose construction
materials such as sand,
gravel, spoils, and the
like shall be provided
with tarpaulin cover.
Vehicular traffic
congestion and
hindrance to public
access
- Close coordination with
local
authorities in road
closure and traffic
rerouting; contractor’s
traffic plan; provision of
planks, provision of
access between
mounds, steel plates for
vehicle passage,
expedite works in front
of shops, and provide
signs to direct the
pedestrians to access No construction activities yet.
areas; timing of
construction activities in
any sites should
consider the schedules
of local activities with
heavy presence of
people such as
festivities,
processions, parades,
etc.
Use of construction
methods that avoid
excavations of the
entire proposed sewer
alignment, such as pipe
jacking and micro-
tunneling
20Compliance Status Comment or Reasons Issues for Further
EMP Requirements
(Yes, No, Partial) for Non-Compliance Action
Hazard to public due
to
construction
activities.
- Implement road safety
plan and safety
measures including
No construction activities yet.
warning signs to alert
people of hazards
around the construction
sites, barricades, and
night lamps for open
trenches in sewer lines
installation.
Pollution and health
risks
due to workers camp.
- Proper camp
sanitation; No construction activities yet.
installation of sanitary
facilities; solid waste
management; surface
runoffs control.
Occupational health
and
safety at work sites.
- Implement
construction health and
safety management
plan, provision of
equipped first aid station
at all times, workers No construction activities yet.
provided with potable
water, adequate
sanitation facilities,
clean eating areas, and
personal protective
equipment (PPE) to
minimize exposure to a
variety of hazards.
Increase employment
opportunities.
- Contractor required to
give preference to local No construction activities yet.
labor; workers
recruitment to be
coordinated with local
officials and LPMU
Improper closure of
construction sites. No construction activities yet.
- Removal of all
construction
21Compliance Status Comment or Reasons Issues for Further
EMP Requirements
(Yes, No, Partial) for Non-Compliance Action
wastes and implement
surface restoration;
proper disposal of
surplus soil to suitable
sites away from built-up
areas.
Operation Phase
Discharge of WWTP
poor
quality effluents.
- WWTP operated
according to its design
parameters; ensure
plant operators are
properly trained in
operating the facility and
in handling situations
that may lead to poor
quality effluents; No operational activities yet.
provision of WWTP
operating
manuals; WWTP shall
have
reliable power supply to
the
mechanical equipment;
local
regulation to prevent
discharge of industrial
wastes into the sewer
lines.
Noise of WWTP
- Ensure that potential
sources of noise, such
as pumps, blowers and No operational activities yet.
mounted aerators are
inherently provided with
enclosures that provide
noise attenuation.
Disposal of sludge
from WWTP.
- No sludge dewatering
for initial 10 years;
WWTP sludge be sent
to sludge drying bed or
mechanical dewatering No operational activities yet.
system; dewatered
sludge to be hauled and
applied to farm lands;
during detailed design, a
biosolids program for
the WWTP shall be
developed by adopting
22Compliance Status Comment or Reasons Issues for Further
EMP Requirements
(Yes, No, Partial) for Non-Compliance Action
appropriate standards
from other countries
since Indonesia does
not have biosolids
management standards
for WWTPs.
WWTP foul odor
offsite migration.
- Odor control and
management include: (i)
membrane covered
anaerobic ponds
connected by pipework
to a flare for burning
, (ii) close monitoring of
the
aerobic units to ensure No operational activities yet.
conditions are not
anaerobic, (iii)
landscaping with trees
and shrubs around the
facility be positioned as
wind breaks, and
(iv) conduct of WWTP’s
annual odor audit to
identify operational
measures that can
prevent odor problems.
Pollution to
groundwater.
- Concrete tanks
process units shall be
design and constructed
No operational activities yet.
as impermeable
containers; WWTP
treatment ponds shall be
design and constructed
with impermeable
plastic liners.
Drowning risk in WWP
tanks and ponds.
- WWTP shall be: (i)
provided with a safety
station with a pole, rope,
and flotation device in a
visible, well-marked No operational activities yet.
location along the
berms, (ii) posted with
warning signs indicating
that tanks and ponds are
deep and that dangers
exist, (iii) provided with
at least a five-foot-high
23Compliance Status Comment or Reasons Issues for Further
EMP Requirements
(Yes, No, Partial) for Non-Compliance Action
fence to keep people
and animals away, and
(iv) provided with
security personnel to
guard the facility.
Health and safety risks
in
Sewerage system
operation
- Conduct facility
hazards
identification during
initial
operation phase; written
facility health and safety
manual to address the
prevention, reduction
and control of
occupational injury and
illness; all workers
authorized to stop any
work if they observe any
unsafe conditions that
present imminent
danger, particularly
injury; workers to be
trained on health and
safety aspects of
handling sewage spills; No operational activities yet.
five-foot-high fence to
be provided to keep
people away from the
WWTP; standard gas
safety devices, such as
flame arresters and
pressure relief valves be
installed at appropriate
locations to be
determined during
detailed
design; operators to be
provided with portable
digital gas analyzer
capable of detecting
methane and carbon
dioxide; separate
chlorine gas building;
during
detailed design evaluate
the use of sodium
hypochlorite instead of
chlorine gas as
disinfectant.
24Compliance Status Comment or Reasons Issues for Further
EMP Requirements
(Yes, No, Partial) for Non-Compliance Action
Health and safety risks
in
Sewerage system
operation.
- Conduct facility
hazards
identification during
initial
operation phase; written
facility health and safety
manual to address the
prevention, reduction
and control of
occupational injury
and illness; all workers
authorized to stop any
work if
they observe any unsafe
conditions that present
imminent danger,
particularly injury;
workers to be trained on
health and safety
No operational activities yet.
aspects of handling
sewage spills; five-foot-
high fence to be
provided to keep people
away from the WWTP;
standard gas safety
devices, such as flame
arresters and pressure
relief valves be installed
at appropriate locations
to be determined during
detailed
design; operators to be
provided with portable
digital gas analyzer
capable of detecting
methane and carbon
dioxide; separate
chlorine gas building;
duringdetailed design;
evaluate the use of
sodium hypochlorite
instead of chlorine gas
as disinfectant.
Source: Initial Environmental Examination (IEE), January 2013 (Not yet updated). This table is reconstituted from the IEEs of the
Subprojects. It is anticipated that the succeeding Semi-annual Safeguard Monitoring Reports shall already contain an updated table.
25Table 7: Issues for Further Action
Responsibility and
Issue Required Action Resolution
Timing
Old Issues from Previous Reports
This is the first Semi- DGHS with assistance The PISC prepared the
annual Safeguard from PISC will prepare conceptual design for
Monitoring Report for and present three (3) the Makassar
The Makassar City
the Project since options each of the Subproject WWTP that
Government opted for
award of the contract local government for will be detailed further
an MBBR for its
for the Project the WWTP under a Design-Build
WWTP Subproject
Implementation technologies. These contract. Award for this
while the City
Support Consultants options are as follows Subroject will be
Government of
(PISC) took place for: around Q4 of 2018.
Pekanbaru opted for a
during the last Quarter
Conventional Activate
of 2017. Makassar: i) PISC shall separately
Sludge. Jambi City
ABR20+polisher conduct detailed
Government has yet to
However, the following (FBAS21); ii) fixed-bed engineering design for
formally make a
issues had previously biofilm activated Pekanbaru and Jambi
decision but it would
been reported in the sludge (FBAS); and iii) Sub-projects for
like that its selected
regular monthly moving bed biofilm completion around Q4
option will be also a
progress reports as reactor (MBBR). of 2018.
Conventional Activated
follows: change in
Sludge similar to that
effluent standards; Pekanbaru and Jambi:
of the City of
changes in WWTP i) Lagoon+polisher
Pekanbaru.
Technologies to be (FBAS); ii)
adopted for each conventional activated
Subproject. sludge; and iii) FBAS.
New Issues from this Report
None.
Source: PISC
2. Health and Safety
31. There are no construction activities yet at this time of reporting. No health and safety
issues can be reported. During the next SEMRs, health and safety issues shall be reported
following the contract requirements and as per the environmental management plan in the IEE as
identified in the above previous table, and consistent with the required Contractor Environmental
Management Plan (CEMP).
Table 8: Health and Safety Issues
Issue Required Action Responsibility and Timing Resolution
Old Issues from Previous Reports
Contractor but no contracts
None None None
awarded yet at this time
20 Anaerobic baffled reactors (ABR)
21 Fixed-bed biofilm activated sludge
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