EDITOR/ASSEMBLEA QUICK REFERENCE CARD - TI99 ...
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EDITOR/ASSEMBLEA
QUICK REFERENCE
CARD
A handy guide to the lnstruct ions, Pseudo-instructions,
and Directives of TMS9900 Assembly language and the
Utilities for use o n the Tl -99/4 orTI -99/4A Home Computer.
Fora full discussion of these and other features, see the
Editor/Assemblerowner's m an ual.
Copyright © 1982Texas l nstrum ~ nts Incorporaled
PrintedinU.S.A. 1035988-1
EDITORIASSEMBLER
QUICK REFERENCE
CARD
A handy guide to the lnstructions, Pseudo-instructions,
and Directives of TMS9900 Assembly language and the
Utilities for use o n the Tl-99/4 orTI-99/4A Home Computer.
Fora full discussion of these an d other features, see the
Editor!Assemblerowner's m an ual.
Copyright © 1982Texas lnstruments lncorporated
Printed in U.S.A. 1035988-1
Jj
ADDRESSING SUMMARY ADORESSING SUMMARY (CONTO)
l ADORESSING MOOES STATUS REGISTER INSTRUCTIONS ANO PSEUDO·INSTRUCTIONS (CONTO) DIRECTIVES COLORS
EDITORIASSEMBLER Mnemontc
Ftrst
Operand
Second
Operand Op-code Fonnat Mnemontc
Firat
Opera nd
Second
Operand Op-code Fonnat Addresslng Mode
Htetd
Value Example o 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Status Color
H ex
Code Color
H ex
Code
Blts Na me Mnemonlc Syntax
QUICK REFERENCE A
AB
G
G
G•
G•
AOOO
BOOO
l
l
s
SB
G
G
G*
G•
6000
7000
l
l
Workspace Register
Workspace Register lndirect
00(0)
01 (1 )
5
*7 IL>IA>Ieal c lovloPI x l ------- INT.MASK N ame
Branch and llnk
Mnemonlc Op·code Fonnat Alfected
BL 0680 VI
Deflnltlon Transparent
Black
o
1
Medium red
Light red
8
9
ABS G VI SBO GRU 1000 Il Symbolic Memo7 1 • 2 10 (2) @lABEL Absolut e Origin AORG AORG Medlum green 2 Darkyellow A
CARD Al
AN DI
WR*
WR*
0740
0220
0240
VIli
VIli
SBZ
SETO
GRU
G
1EOO
0700
Il
VI
lndexed Memory ,3
Workspace Register lndirect
10(2) @lABEL(5)
Name
Bit
Number Meanlng
Swap bytes
Set toone
SWPB
SETO
06CO
0700
VI
VI
Stock Ending w it h
Symbol BES BES
Llght green
Dark bl ue
3
4
Light yellow
Darkgreen
B
c
Absolute value ABS 0740 VI 0-2,4
B G 0440 VI SLA WR* Note2 OAOO v Auto-increment 11 (3) *7+ L> o Logica l greater t han Shlft rlght arithmetic SRA 0800 v 0-3
Stock St artlng wl t h Llght blue 5 Magenta D
BL 0680 so c G G* EOOO l Symbol BSS BSS < wd-exp > Dark red 6 Gray E
G VI
SOCB G G* FOOO l Notes:
A> 1 Arithmetic greater t han Shift rlght toglcat SRL 0900 v 0-3 lnit ialize Byte BYTE BYTE < exp> [,< exp >l--- Cyan 7 Whit e F'
BLWP
c
G
G G
0400
6000
VI
l SRA WR* Note2 0800 v
EQ 2 Equa! Shift left arllhmetlc SLA OAOO v 0- 4 Common Segment CENO CENO
A handy guide to the lnstructions, Pseudo-instructions, c 3 Carry Shift right circular SRC 0800 v 0-3
wR· v 1. The instruction requires an additional word for each T-field Common Segment
CB G G 9000 l SRC Note2 OBOO
binary value of 10. The addltional word contains a memory ov 4 Overflow Unconditional jump JMP 1000
and Directives of TMS9900 Assembly language and the Cl WR l 0280 VIli SRL WR* Note2 0900 v address. OP 5 Oddparlty No operation NOP 1000
End CSEG CSEG
Copy File COPY COPY " "
Utilities for use o n the Tl-99/4orTI-99/4A Home Computer. CKOF 03CO VII STCR
STST
G*
WR
Note1 3400
02CO
IV
VIli 2. The four-blt f ie ld lmmedlately fo llowing the T-field binary value x 6 Extended operatlon Jump if less than JLT 1100 ln it ialize Word DATA DATA < exp > [, l-··
CKON 03AO VII 7-11 Reserved Jump lf tow orequal JLE 1200
Fora full discussion of these an d other features, se e the STWP WR 02AO of 10, called the S (fora source operand) o r D (fora destination External Definition DEF DEF
CLR G 04CO VI VIli tNT. MASK12-15 lnterrupt mask JEQ 1300
Editor/Assemblerowner's man ual. SWPB G 06CO operand) f ield, is set to zero by t he Assemblar. Jump lf equal [,< symbol> 1--·
coc G WR 2000 Ili VI Jump il high or equal JHE 1400
czc G WR szc G G* 4000 l 3. The T-field binary value of 10 indicates bot h symbolic and Data Segment End DEND DEND
2400 Ili INSTRUCTIONS ANO PSEUOO-I NSTRUCTIONS Jump if greater t han JGT 1500
SZCB G G* 5000 l lndexed memory addresslng modes. lf the four-bit f ield which Dummy Orlgln DORG DORG < exp >
DEC G 0600 VI Jump il not equal JNE 1600
TB CRU 1FOO Il follows Il contains a zero val ue, il ls a symbollc addressing Data Segment DSEG DSEG
DECT G 0640 VI Jump lf no carry JNC 1700
DIV G WR* 3COO IX x G 0480 VI mode. Il it is non-zero, Il ls an indexed addresslng mode, an d Statua
Jump on carry JOC 1600
Define Extended
ID LE XOP G Note3 2COO IX the non-zero value is the number of the index register. Blts Operation DXOP DXOP ,
0340 VII Jump il no overflow JNO 1900 Il
INC XOR G WR* 2800 Ili Therefore, Workspace Register Ocannot be used for indexing. Na me Mnemonlc Op-code Fonnat Alfected Program End END END [ < symbol> l
G 0580 VI Jump il loglcal low JL 1AOO Il
INCT G 05CO VI Define Assembly-Time
Load Immediate LI 0200 VIli 0-2 Jump if logica! high JH 1800 Il
INV G 0540 VI Notes: Al 0220 VIli 0-4 Consta nt EQU < labe l > EQU < exp >
Add immediate Jump Il odd parlty JOP 1COO Il
JEQ PC 1300 0240 VIli 0- 2 Word Boundary EVEN EVEN
1. The second operand is t he number of bits to be transferred, INSTRUCTION FORMATS And immediate A NOI Set CRU bitto one SBO 1000 Il
JGT PC 1500 VIli 0-2 Program ldentifier IDT IDT ' < string > '
from O through 15, wlth Omeantng 16 blts. Or immediate ORI 0260 Set CRU bit to zero SBZ 1EOO Il
JH PC 1800 01234567891 0 1112131415 VIli 0-2 Llst Source LIST LIST
2. The second operand is the shift count, from O through 15. O Compare Immediate Cl 0280 Test bit TB 1FOO Il 2
JHE PC 1400 VIli Force Load LOAD LOAD
Store Workspace polnter STWP 02AO Compare ones
JL
JLE
PC
PC
1AOO
1200
lndicates that the count is in bits 12 through 15 of Workspace
RegisterO. When the count isO and bits 12 through 15 of
1- TWO GENERAL ADDRESS lo-c~jTdj D Ts l s Store Status STST 02CO VIli correspondlng coc 2000 Ili 2 Page Eject PAGE
< symbol > [,< symbol > 1--·
PAGE
JLT PC 1100
Workspace Reglster Oequat O, the count ts 16.
3. The second operand spectftes the extended operatlon, trom O
11 -JUMP and BIT 1/0 l OP-CODE l DISP
Load Workspace pointer
immediate LWPI 02EO VIli
Compare zeros
corresponding czc 2400 Ili 2
Program Segment End
Program Segment
PENO
PSEG
PENO
PSEG
JMP PC 1000 Load lnterrupt mask Exclusive or XOR 2800 Ili 0-2
JNC PC 1700 through 15. The disposltion of the result may or may not be in 111-LOGICAL loP-CODEj D Ts s External Reference REF REF
Immediate LIMI 0300 VIl i 12-15 Extended operation XOP 2COO IX 6
JNE PC 1600 l the first opera nd address, as you determina.
IDLE 0340 VII < symbol >[,< symbol> 1-··
IV-CRU MULTI-BIT OP-CODEI c Ts s Id te Load CRU LDCR 3000 IV 0-2,5
JNO PC 1900 Il G - Generai address: 0360 VII Relocat able Origin RORG RORG [ < exp> l
Rese! RSET StoreCRU STCR 3400 IV 0-2,5
JOC PC 1600 Il Workspace Reglster address Secondary Externa l
V - REGISTERSHIFT OP-CODE l c w Return with Workspace Multiply MPY 3800 IX
JOP PC 1COO Il lndlrect Workspace Register address RTWP 0380 VII 0-15 Ref erence SREF SREF
pointer Divide DIV 3COO IX 4
LDCR G Note 1 3000 IV Symbolic memory address Clockon CKON 03AO VII < symbol > ,[ < symbol > 1-··
VI-SINGLE ADDRESS OP-CODE Ts s Set zeros corresponding szc 4000 l 0-2
lnit ial ize Tex t TEXT TEXT [·)' < string >'
~
LI WR* l 0200 VIli lndexed memory address Clockoff CKOF 03CO VII Set zeros correspondlng,
LIMI l 0300 VIli lndirect Workspace Register auto-increment VII-CONTROL Load or restar! executlon LREX 03EO VII PageTitle TITL TITL ' < string> '
OP-CODE l olo l o l o l o byt e SZCB 5000 0-2,5
LREX 03EO VII address No So urce Llst UNL UNL
Branch and load Subtract words s 6000 0- 4
LWPI l 02EO VIli WR -Workspace Regi ster address VIli - IMMEDIATE OP-CODE l o l ol w Workspace pointer BLWP 0400 VI Subtract bytes SB 7000 0- 5
MOV G G• cooo l PC -Program counter relative address Branch B 0440 VI 8000 0-2
Compare words c
MOVB G G* 0000 l CRU -CRU bit address IX-XOP and MULT. ANO DIV. K1P·CODEI D l Ts l s Return RT 045B VI Compare bytes CB 9000 0-2,5
MPY G WR* 3800 IX l - Immediate value Execute x 0480 VI Addwords A AOOO 0-4
NEG G 0500 VI - The address lnto wh lch the result ls placed when two Clear CLR 04CO VI Add bytes AB BOOO 0- 5
ORI WR* 0260 VIli operands are requlred Negate NEG 0500 VI 0-2,4 Moveword MOV cooo 0-2
RSET 0360 VII lnvert INV 0540 VI 0-2 Movebyte MOVB 0000 0-2,5
RTWP 0380 VII tncrement INC 0580 VI 0-4 Set ones corresponding so c EOOO 0-2
lncrement by two INCT 05CO VI 0-4 Set ones corresponding,
Copyright © 1982Texas lnstruments lncorporated DEC 0600 VI 0-4
Decrement byte SOCB FOOO 0- 2,5
by www.ti99iuc.it Decrement by two DECT 0640 VI 0-4
Pri nt ed i n U.S.A. 1035988·1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8ASCII CHARACTER SET A SC II CHARACTER SET (CONTO) ASCII CHARACTER SET (CONTO) SPECIAL KEYS DEBUGGER COMMAN DS UTILITI ES PREDEFI NED ADDRESSES VDP WRITE-ONLY REGIST ERS
H ex Decimai H ex Decimai H ex Decimai H ex Command Lettar N ame Use N a me Address Data Contalned VDP Reg ist er O The default for Reg ister O ls > 00 fo r the
Value Valua Character Value Value Character Value Valua Charactar N a me Tl-99/4 TI·99/4A Cod e Actlo n Editor/Assembte r, TI BASIC, and TI Ex tended
Load Memory wl th ASCII A DSALN K Links your program t o Devlce Servi ce GPLWS >83EO GP L Interpretar Workspace.
00 o N UL 36 54 6 68 107 k < del c haracte r > SHIFT F FCTN 1 03 Delet es a cha racte r Breakpoint Set/C tea r 8 Rout ines . GR MRA >9802 GRO M/GRAM read address. BASIC.
01 1 SOH 37 55 6C 108 l In t he Ed itor. GRU ln spect/Cha nge c GPLLN K Llnks your program to Graph ics Programm ing GR MRD >9800 GROM/GRAM read data. Blts 0 - 5 Rese rved.
7
02 2 STX 60 109 m < l ns c haracter > SHIFT G FCTN 2 04 lnserts a c haracter Execute E Language routi nes. GRMWA >9C02 GROM/GRAM w rlt e address. Blt 6 Mode b it 3.
38 56 8
03 3 ETX BE 110 n in the Ed itor. Find Word or Byt e F KSCAN Scans the keyboard. G RMWD >9COO GROM/GRAM w rit e dat a. 8 11 7 Exte rnal video enable/disable.
39 57 9
04 4 EOT 3A 58 6F 111 o < delete line > SHIFTT FCTN 3 07 Delet es a llne from GROM Base Change G LOADER Links your program to t he Leader t o toad PAD >8300 The scrat ch pad used by TI BASIC, VDP Reglste r 1 The de fault f or Aegist er 1 is > EO In the
05 5 E NQ 70 112 p t he screen. lnspect Sc reen Locatlon l TMS9900 t agg ed o bject code. GPL, TI BASIC, an d other programs. Editor/Assem bler, TI BAS IC, and TI Extended
3B 59
06 6 ACK 3C 60 71 113 q < roll·up > SHIFTC FCTN 4 02 Displays t he next Find Data Not Equal K VMBA Reads multiple byt es fr om VD P RA M. You may use some areas. See t he BASIC. Note: Before changlng thi s Register,
<
07 7 BEL 30 61 72 114 24 1ines of t he fil e . Mem or y lnspect/Change M VM BW W rttes multiple byte s t o VDP RAM . Appendi x for a detai led description of put a co py of the new value you w an t i t to have
08 8 BS 3E 62 73 115 s < next-w lndow > SHIFTW FCTN 5 OE Moves t he display Move Stock N VSB A Reads a si ng le byte from VDP RAM. th isarea. at address > 8304.
>
09 9 HT 74 116 t t o t he nex t wl ndow. C om pare Memory Blocks p SCAN >OOOE Ent ry add ress of the keyboard sc an Bit O 4/16K selection.
3F 63 ? V SBW W rites a sing te byte to VDP RAM .
OA 10 LF 40 64 @ 75 117 u SHIFT V FCTN 6 oc Disp lays the Qu it Debugger Q VWTA Writes a slng le byt e t o a VDP Regtster. ut ll ity. Bit 1 Sc reen d iisp lay enableldlsabte.
OB 11 VT 41 65 76 118 v previous 24 lines o t lnspect or Change WP, PC, and SA A X MLLNK Llnks your p rogram t o the assembly language SO UNO >8400 Sound chlp. Bit 2 lnterrupt e nable/dlsable.
A
oc 12 FF 42 66 B 77 119 w thefi le. Execute in Step Mode s ro uttnes tn the co nsole ROM or i n RAM. SPCHRD >9000 Speech read. 8 11 3
8 114
Mode bit 1.
OD 13 CR 43 67 c 78 120 x < tab > SHIFT A FCTN 7 01 Moves t he cursor t o Trade Screen T SPCHWT >9400 Speech write. Mode blt 2 .
OE 14 so 44 68 D 79 121 y the next t ab Togg le Offset to a nd t rom TI BASIC u OBJECTTAG SUMMARY
UTLTAB >2022 Utility va rlable table. Bit5
B it 6
Reserved.
OF 15 SI 45 7A 122 z posit ion. VD P Base Change v VDPAD >8800 VDP RA M read data. Sprite size se le ctlon .
69 E
10 16 DLE 46 70 78 123 l < tnsert line> SHIFT A FCTN 8 06 l nser ts a li ne. ln spect or Chang e Reg isters w VDPSTA >8802 VDP RAM status. B it 7 Sprite magn lflc atton se tectton.
F Tag Usa Flald1 F lald 2
11 17 70 125 VDP Regi ster 2 The def ault for Reglst er 2 1s >00 in the
DC1 47 71 G l < 8SC > SHI FT Z FCTN 9 OF Return s t o t he C hange Bias X, Y, orZ VDPWA >8C02 VDP RAM w rite address. 11
12 18 DC2 48 72 H 7E 126 p revl ous ty Hexadec lmal t o Dec imai C onversion >
o Progra m ldent ificat lo n Pro gr am Length Progr am ID VDPWD >8COO VDP RA M w rite data. Ed it o r/Asse mb lar, TI BA SIC, and TI Extended
13 19 DC3 7F 127 DEL Decim ai to Hexadecimal Convers ton t Entry Po lnt Def lnitlo n Absolute A dd ress BASIC.
49 73 l d isplayed screen.
14 20 DC4
l 2 Entry Potnt Def tn ttlon Retocatable A ddress Whe n multi plied by > 400, defl nes the base
4A 74 J In t he Editor, ente rs Hexadeci mal A rithmet ic H Rafaranca Addrass N am a lnformatlon
15 21 NAK ERROR MESSAGES 3 Ext erna l References Retocat able Address address o f t he Sc reen tmage Table.
48 75 K t he command
16 22 SYN 4C m ode. o f Chai n Symbo l UTLTAB >2022 UTLTAB Entry add ress. VDP Regist er 3 The default for Regt ste r 3 ls > OE in t he
76 L
17 23 ETB 40 77 M
lnput/Output Error Codes
t < SSC > SH 1FT X FCTN X OA Used asthe TI BASIC SUBPROGRAM S
4 Extern al Refer enc es Absol ut e A dd ress of UTLTAB + > 2 >2024 FSTHI F trst free add ress In Editor/Assemb lar, > OC i n TI BASIC, a nd > 20
l
18 24 CA N 4E 78 < escape> key in Chain Symbo l h igh memory. in TI Extended BASIC.
N Coda Maaning
CALL C HAAPA T(c haracter-number,string-variable[,...)) 5 Extern al Defin itions Relocatable Address Sym bo l Whe n multiplied by > 40, deflnes the base
19 25 EM 4F 79 o o Bad devi ce name .
the Debugger.
CAL LI NIT 6 External Defin itions Absol ute Add ress Symbol
UTLTAB + > 4 >2026 LSTH I Last free address in
add ress of t he Color Table.
1A 26 S UB 50 80 p FCTN F 7B Types t he teft brace h igh memory.
18
tC
27
28
ESC 51 81 Q
1
2
Devtce ts wrlte prot ected.
Bad open attribui e such as tncorrect f ile type,
(. CAL L LINK(" program -nam e"[,parameter-llst))
CALL LOAD("object-fl lename ' "[," object ·fllenam e" ,. .. ]) or
7
8
Checksu m lnd lcator
Checksu m Ignora
Check sum
An yValue
UTLTAB + >6 > 2028 FSTLOW F irst free address in
low memory.
~ VDP Reg tster 4 The default fo r Aegister 4 is > 0 1 in t he
Editor/Assemblar and > 00 in TI BASIC an d TI
FS 52 82 A FCTNG 70 Types t he righi
incorrect record lengt h, i ncorr ect 1/0 m ode, o r no (address,value[,vat ue ...[,''",addr ess,value[,value,...))]) 9 Load Address A bsol ute Value Extended BASIC.
10 29 GS 53 83 s reco rd s in a relat ive r eco rd f ile.
b race ).
CALL PEEK(address,variab le-list[,"", ...)) A Lo ad Address Rel ocatable Add ress
UTLTAB + > 8 > 202A LSTLOW Las t free address in
When multip lied by > 800, defl nes the base
1E 30 RS lo wmemory.
tF
20
31
32
us
Space
54
55
56
84
85
86
T
u
v
3 li legai operatio n; i.e., an o perat ion not s uppo rted o n
t he peripheral o r a conflict with t he OPEN attri butes.
FCTN R
FCTNT
58
50
Types t he left
b racket [.
Types t he rlght
CAL L PEEKV(address,varlab le-list[, "" ,. ..))
CAL L POKEV(address,val ue·list[,"",...])
B
c
Data
Data
Abso lu te Value
Re locat able Address
UTLTAB + > A
UTLTAB + >>C
>202C
>202E
CHKSAV
FLGPTR
Checksum.
Poi nter l o the flag In
f VDP Aegister 5
add ress o f t he Pattern Desc ri pt or Table.
The def au lt for Reglster 5 ls > 06 in the
4 Out of tab le o r buffer space on the devi ce. F End of Reco rd Ed itor/Assemblar, TI BASIC, and TI Extended
21 33 ! 57 87 w 5 Attempt to read p ast t he end of f ile. Whe n this erro r
b racket ). t he PAB.
BASIC.
22 34 58 88 xy < lef t ·arrow > o r UTLTAB + > E >2030 SVGPRT GPL retu rn address.
l
23 35 # 59 89 occurs, the file is closed . A l so given for non-existing < backspace > SH IFT S FCTN S 08 Moves t he c ur sor to TI BASIC UTI LITIES UTLTAB + > 10 >2032 SAVC RU GRU add ress of the W hen mult ipl ied by> 80, defines the base
records in a relat ive record f ile. address of the Sprite Attribute Li st.
24 36 $ SA 90 z 6 Device error. Covers ali hard d evi ce errors suc h a s
t he left o ne
N am e Use
perlpheral.
VDP Reg ister 6 The d ef ault for Reg iste r 6 is >00 In t he
25 37 o/o 58 91 [ charact er. UTLTAB + > 12 > 2034 SAVENT Ent ry address o f t he
26 38 & 5C parlty and bad medlum errors. < right-a rrow > SH IFT D FCTN D 09 M oves t he cursor t o ERA Reports errors. DSR o r subprogram. Editor/Assembler, TI BASIC, a nd TI Extended
92 \ 7 File erro r suc h as p ro gram/d at a file mism atch , non- BASIC.
27 39 50 93 l the righi one NUMASG M akes a numeric assig nment. UTLTAB+ > 14 >2036 SAVLEN Devi c e o r
~
28 40 ( ex ist ing f ile o pened In INPUT mode, et c. NUMREF Gets a numeric parameter. subprogram nam e When multlplled by > 800, defines the base
SE 94 Il charact er.
29 41 ) M akes a s tring assignment. len gth. address of the Spri te Descriptor Table.
5F 95 Loader Error Codas < down-arro w > SH 1FT X FCTN X OA Moves t he c ursor STRASG
2A 42 UTLTAB + > 16 >2038 SAVPAB Pointer l o t he devi ce VDP Reg ister 7 The d efa ult for Aeg ister 7 is >FS in the
60 96 down one llne. STAREF Gets a st ring parameter.
Editor/Assemb lar and > 07 in TI BASIC and TI
28
2C
43 + 61 97 a Code Meanlng < up-arrow > SHIFT E FCTN E OB Moves the cu rsor or subprogr am name Il Extended BA SI C.
44 62 98 b up one li ne. inthePAB.
20 45 63 99 c
0-7
8
Standard 1/0 errors.
Memory overflow. < return > ENTER ENTER OD Tells t he com put er UTLTAB + > 18 > 203A SAVV ER Ver sion num ber of Ji Bits 0-3 The color code of t he foreg round
2E 46 the OSA. color in text mode.
64 100 d 9 Not used. lo accept t he
2F 47 l Bit s 4 - 7 The color code for t he bac kground
65 101 e A li legai tag. informatton that
30 48 o 66 102 t B Checks um error. you type. color in alt modes.
31 49 1 67 103 g < qu i! > S HIFT Q FCTN = 05 Leaves t he
32 50 2
c Dupl ic ate d ef inition.
68 104 h D Unresolved reference. Editor/A ssemblar.
33 51 3 69 105
34 52 4 6A 106
35 53 5 by www.ti99iuc.it
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
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