(DND) Daily News Discussion - 22nd & 23rd July 2021 our YouTube channel for entire GS Course FREE of cost - Sleepy Classes
←
→
Page content transcription
If your browser does not render page correctly, please read the page content below
Daily News
Discussion
(DND)
22nd & 2 3r d July 2021
Visit our website www.sleepyclasses.com or
our YouTube channel for entire GS Course FREE of cost
Also Available: Prelims Crash Course || Prelims Test Series
T.me/SleepyClasses
Table of Contents
1. Environment ...........................................................................................................1
1.1.Approved List of Models and Manufacturers (ALMM).................................................1
2. Science & Technology ..........................................................................................3
2.1.AMLEX ......................................................................................................................................3
2.2.Bird u or avian in uenza....................................................................................................3
2.3.Akash-NG and MPATGM .....................................................................................................6
2.4.Space rice .................................................................................................................................6
2.5.ICMR serosurvey ....................................................................................................................7
3. Economy ..................................................................................................................8
3.1.Inter ministry data bank for MSME ..................................................................................8
3.2.New Initiatives in Building Energy Ef ciency 2021 .....................................................9
3.3.Electricity Bill 2021 ..............................................................................................................9
4. Polity .........................................................................................................................13
4.1.SMILE Scheme ........................................................................................................................13
4.2.Kapu community ....................................................................................................................13
4.3.SC quashes some provisions of 97th Amendment ........................................................14
Current affairs Worksheet (22nd & 23rd July 2021) ............................................................15
Note -
• The Newspaper clippings pasted in PDF are important from Mains point of view as it contains the
fodder material for Mains Answer Writing.
• Also watch DND video lectures everyday @ 4 PM on Sleepy’s YouTube channel in order to
understand how to get the most out of everyday’s Newspaper .
fl
fl
fi
T.me/SleepyClasses
Click here to watch the following topics on YouTube
1. Environment
1.1.Approved List of Models and Manufacturers (ALMM)
• MNRE has made it mandatory for solar cell and module manufacturers to register under the
Approved List of Models and Manufacturers (ALMM)
Approved List of Models and Manufacturers (ALMM)
• Announced in 2009
• It lists eligible models and manufacturers of solar cells and modules complying with the BIS (Bureau
of Indian Standards) certi cation.
• Enlisting is mandatory for manufacturers supplying to the government- owned solar projects.
• Only the models and manufacturers included in this list shall be eligible for use in projects under
Government schemes & Programmes, installed in the country.
• The word "Government" includes Central Government, State Government, Central Public Sector
Enterprises, State Public Sector Enterprises and Central and State Organizations/Autonomous
bodies.
Argument in Favor of ALMM
• Helps to prevent low-quality Chinese manufacturers from dumping their products in India.
• It force companies to up their game in terms of production ef ciency, and result in longer-lasting
products that would help bring down tariffs
• ALMM could avoid incorrect quali cation of manufacturers who do not have a robust process in
place and help the emerging manufacturing industry set up effective controls to ensure quality
• It will increase performance and reduced degradation rates.
• Decrease e waste
Argument against ALMM
• Some industry stakeholder argued that the exorbitant application fees
of ₹5,000 (~$66)/MW on cells and modules might prove to be too expensive for smaller
manufacturers, increase overall project cost, and ultimately result in higher power tariffs.
• The expenses do not stop there as companies outside India are also expected to pay for “preliminary
inspection” at each manufacturing unit as part of the listing process
• The entire process of getting listed in the ALMM is time-consuming, and this would translate to
project commissioning delays and supply chain disruptions.
• Since BIS certi cation is a prerequisite for enlisting in ALMM, the industry could see an increase in
lead times for companies to sell existing products or launch new ones in the Indian market.
• BIS certi
es the product, whereas ALMM is trying to certify the company. Certifying a company has
no meaning because the supplier doesn’t necessarily have to be a manufacturer of cells and
modules
www.sleepyclasses.com Available on App Store
1
Call 6280133177 and Play Store
fi
fi
fi
fi
fi
T.me/SleepyClasses
Way forward
• There is little manufacturing capacity in India. The government must incentivize this and help the
local industry update their technology, among other things, instead of increasing complications
arising due to bureaucracy.
• The real need of the hour would be to implement better technology and practices that help in
capacity addition and reduce on-ground challenges related to land and approvals
India’s solar sector
• The development assumes signi cance given that India is running the world’s largest clean energy
programme to achieve 175 gigawatts (GW) of renewable capacity, including 100GW of solar power
by 2022.
• According to the Central Electricity Authority, of India’ 817 GW of India’ power requirement by 2030,
solar energy will account for 280 GW.
• India has a domestic manufacturing capacity of 3 GW for solar cells and 15GW for solar modules.
• The government deciding to impose 40% basic customs duty (BCD) on solar modules and 25% on
solar cells from 1 April 2022, in a move that would make imports costlier and encourage local
manufacturing.
• Nearly 80% of the solar inputs and components are imported from China.
Available on App Store www.sleepyclasses.com
2
and Play Store Call 6280133177
fi
T.me/SleepyClasses
2. Science & Technology
2.1.AMLEX
• To increase the life of medical oxygen cylinders three fold, the Indian Institute of Technology, Ropar
has developed a rst-of-its-kind Oxygen Rationing Device – AMLEX
AMLEX
• It supplies a required volume of oxygen to the patient during inhalation and trips when the patient
exhales CO2.
• This process saves oxygen which otherwise unnecessarily get wasted.
• The device can operate on both portable power supply (battery) as well as line supply (220V-50Hz)
• AMLEX can be easily connected between oxygen supply line and the mask worn by the patient.
• It uses a sensor which senses and successfully detects inhalation and exhalation of the user in any
environmental condition
Signi cance
• So far, during exhalation, the oxygen in the oxygen cylinder/pipe is pushed out along with the exhaled
CO2 by the user.
• This leads to wastage of a large volume of oxygen in long run.
• In addition to this, a large volume of oxygen escapes from the openings of the mask to the
environment in the resting period (between inhalation and exhalation) due to continuous ow of life
saving gas in the mask.
• This technology helps to save oxygen
2.2.Bird u or avian in uenza
• Recently an 11-year-old boy died of H5N1 avian in uenza in Delhi. This is the rst recorded death
due to the bird u in India this year.
What is bird u?
• Bird u or avian in uenza is a disease caused by avian in uenza Type A viruses found naturally in wild
birds worldwide.
• The virus can infect domestic poultry including chickens, ducks, turkeys and there have been reports
of H5N1 infection among pigs, cats, and even tigers in Thailand zoos
• The rst report of human H5N1 infection was in 1997
• The infection is deadly as it has a high mortality rate of about 60%.
• The most common route of virus transmission is direct contact — when a person comes in close
contact with infected birds, either dead or alive.
www.sleepyclasses.com Available on App Store
3
Call 6280133177 and Play Store
fi
fl
fi
fl
fl
fl
fi
fl
fl
fl
fl
fi
fl
T.me/SleepyClasses
Symptoms
• Fever, cough, sore throat, muscle aches, nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting
• Severe respiratory illness (e.g., shortness of breath, dif culty breathing, pneumonia, acute respiratory
distress, viral pneumonia, respiratory failure)
Neurologic changes
• Human-to-human transmission
• The transmission of the virus from birds to humans is rare and sustained human-to-human
transmission of the H5N1 virus has not yet been established and therefore there is no need to panic
• However A paper published in 2005 in The New England Journal of Medicine, investigated possible
person-to-person transmission in a family cluster in Thailand and wrote that the “disease in the
mother and aunt probably resulted from person-to-person transmission of this lethal avian
in uenza virus during unprotected
exposure to the critically ill index patient
Basic information
• In uenza type A viruses are classi ed
into subtypes according to the
combinations of different virus surface
proteins, hemagglutinin (HA) and
neuraminidase (NA)
• For example, a virus that has an HA 7
protein and NA 9 protein is designated
as subtype H7N9.
• Human infections are primarily
acquired through direct contact with
infected animals or contaminated
environments.
In uenza A viruses
• can be classi ed as
• Avian in uenza (H5N1, H9N2 etc.)
• Swine in uenza(H1N1 and H3N2), or other types of animal in uenza viruses
• The most effective way to prevent the disease is vaccination
G4 Virus(Strain of H1N1)
• It is recently emerged , infecting Chinese pigs
• G4 strain has the capability of binding to human-type receptors (like, the SARS-CoV-2 virus binds to
ACE2 receptors in humans)
Available on App Store www.sleepyclasses.com
4
and Play Store Call 6280133177
fl
fl
fl
fl
fl
fi
fi
fi
flT.me/SleepyClasses
www.sleepyclasses.com Available on App Store
5
Call 6280133177 and Play StoreT.me/SleepyClasses
2.3.Akash-NG and MPATGM
• Recently, the DRDO successfully ight-tested the New Generation Akash Missile (Akash-NG) and
the Man Portable Anti Tank Guided Missile (MPATGM).
Akash-NG
• developed by Defence Research & Development Laboratory(DRDL), Hyderabad in collaboration with
other DRDO laboratories.
• surface-to-air Missile.
• can strike targets at a distance of around 60 km and y at a speed of up to Mach 2.5.
• he weight of the rocket has been brought down from 700 kg to 350 kg It uses a two-pulse solid rocket
motor that replaces the old ramjet
• It has new seeker head to locks onto the enemy aircraft and continuously guides the missile to impact
the target.
Akash Missile
• Akash Missile has the capability to engage aerial threats up to the maximum range of 25 km and up to
an altitude of 20 km, operating at a speed range of 1.8 to 2.5 Mach
• Medium range
• Akash is India’s rst indigenously(96%) produced medium range Surface-to-Air missile that can
engage multiple targets from multiple directions
• The missile is supported by the indigenously developed radar called Rajendra
• Akash uses ramjet propulsion system which can intercept the target at supersonic speed without
deceleration
• Developed as part of India’s Integrated Guided-Missile Development Programme (IGMDP).
Man Portable Anti Tank Guided Missile (MPATGM)
• Indigenously-developed anti-tank guided missile
• Low weight, re and forget missile
• Incorporated with state-of-the-art Miniaturized Infrared
Imaging Seeker
• Maximum range of 2.5 km with a launch weight of less than 15
Kg.
2.4.Space rice
• China has harvested the rst batch of Space rice from seeds that went to a 23-day lunar voyage with
China's Chang'e-5 in November
• After being exposed to cosmic radiation and zero gravity, these seeds weighing around 40 gram
returned and were harvested at the space breeding research centre of the South China Agricultural
University in Guangdong province
Available on App Store www.sleepyclasses.com
6
and Play Store Call 6280133177
fi
fi
fi
fl
flT.me/SleepyClasses
• The seeds are now 1 centimeter long
What is space rice?
• Rice seeds exposed to the environment in Space may mutate and produce higher yields once planted
on Earth.
• China has been taking seeds of rice and other crops to Space since 1987.
• Bloomberg reported more than 200 Space plant varieties, including cotton and tomatoes, have been
approved for planting.
• According to China's state media reports, In 2018, the total plantation area for space crops
approved in China reached more than 2.4 million hectares.
2.5.ICMR serosurvey
• The ICMR has conducted the fourth round of national blood serum survey which tests for
antibodies, known as a serosurvey, for Covid-19.
About survey
• The aim of the survey was to estimate the sero-prevalence of SARS- C0V-2 antibodies.
• The survey was conducted across the country in June and July. Its ndings are signi cant because this
is for the rst time children aged 6-17 years were included in the national serosurvey.
• Three earlier rounds have been conducted during May-June (2020); August-September (2020); and
December-January (2020-2021).
• The survey was conducted using IgG Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay(ELISA) test which has
been approved by ICMR.
Key ndings
• Two-third of Indians above the
age of 6 had SARS-CoV-2
antibodies
• The overall sero-prevalence in
the country was 67.6% in June
and July, which is higher than
t h e s e r o - p r e v a l e n c e ra t e
recorded during the three
earlier surveys – 0.7 percent
during May-June (2020); 7.1
percent during August-
September (2020); and 24.1
percent during December-
January (2020-2021).
• It also shows that one-third of the population does not have antibodies, which suggests that about
40 crore people are still vulnerable to the novel coronavirus.
• More than half of the children (6 -17 years) were seropositive.
www.sleepyclasses.com Available on App Store
7
Call 6280133177 and Play Store
fi
fi
fi
fiT.me/SleepyClasses
3. Economy
3.1.Inter ministry data bank for MSME
• The micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) ministry is in talks with other government
departments, so that more businesses are registered as MSMEs.
• The ministry is requesting other ministries to accept Udyam registration as the formal identity for
their schemes.
Purpose
• It will allow Udyam registration number to act as a common business number. This number can be
used across ministries.
• Example- there are schemes that aim to support enterprises in rural areas that fall under the ambit of
the ministry of rural development.
• By linking an enterprise’s Udyam registration number can help the government analyse the kind of
business and its need.
• As of now, the ministries of rural development and tourism have accepted the Ministry of MSME
proposal.
Need
• It is important to identify who the real MSMEs are, as there is no reliable data available for small
businesses.
• So, by integrating data with other ministries will help the government frame stronger schemes to
come up with a better methodology.
• They will be able to reach out and support businesses and bring more MSMEs under the formal
sector.
Udyam registration Portal
• www.udyamregistration.gov.in - a new portal for Udyam Registration launched by the MSME
Ministry
• A person willing to establish as micro, medium or small enterprise shall le registration at the
Udyam registration portal.
• The registration is based on self declaration.
• Upon registration, the enterprise is provided with a unique number called the “Udyam Registration
Number”
• Udyam Sakhi portal was launched for women entrepreneurs separately.
• Also, it is already integrated with the Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT), Goods and Services Tax
Network(GSTN) as well as the government e-marketplace(GeM).
• As of July 2021, over 3.8 million MSMEs have registered on the Udyam portal.
Available on App Store www.sleepyclasses.com
8
and Play Store Call 6280133177
fiT.me/SleepyClasses
3.2.New Initiatives in Building Energy Ef ciency 2021
• Recently, “Aiming for Sustainable Habitat: New Initiatives in Building Energy Ef ciency 2021” was
launched by the Bureau of Energy Ef ciency (BEE).
• Minister of Power and New & Renewable Energy announced various initiatives being taken by
Government of India towards energy ef ciency in the building sector, as part of 'Azadi Ka Amrut
Mahotsav’.
Azadi ka Amrut Mahotsav
• It is the Government's endeavour to commemorate India’s 75th anniversary of Independence.
• The commemorations will include 75 events for 75 weeks by the Ministry of Power.
About BEE
• The Government of India has set up the Bureau of Energy Ef ciency (BEE) on 1st March 2002 under
the provision of the Energy Conservation Act, 2001.
• The mission of the Bureau of Energy Ef ciency is to assist in developing policies and strategies with a
thrust on self-regulation and market principles with the primary objective of reducing energy
intensity of the Indian economy within the overall framework of the Energy Conservation Act, 2001.
• This will be achieved with active participation of all stakeholders, resulting in accelerated and
sustained adoption of energy ef ciency in all sectors.
3.3.Electricity Bill 2021
• The amended Electricity Bill, 2021 will be tabled in the current monsoon session of the Parliament.
Electricity bill 2021
• The latest amendments to the Electricity Act, 2003 seek to abolish the power distribution license.
• It replaced the term ‘distribution licensee’, and replaced it with ‘distribution company’.
www.sleepyclasses.com Available on App Store
9
Call 6280133177 and Play Store
fi
fi
fi
fi
fi
fi
fiT.me/SleepyClasses
• With this, the centre plans to end the monopoly of existing discoms, which are mostly state-owned
entities, by amending the Electricity Act, 2003
• Any company may supply electricity to consumers in its area of supply.
• It can do so using its own distribution system or using the distribution system of another
distribution company.
• However, the company should ful l the prescribed quali cations and must register itself with the
Appropriate Commission.
• It allowed two or more discoms to register and distribute electricity in the same areas.
• Existing power purchase agreements would be shared by all discoms in an area.
• Companies could also sign additional power purchase agreements.
• Providing consumers the right to choose their preferred power supplier
Available on App Store www.sleepyclasses.com
10
and Play Store Call 6280133177
fi
fiT.me/SleepyClasses
Full year Current Affairs Revision through MCQs
Economy – Day 10
1. Consider the following statements in context to Geographical indication (GI) tag :
1. Karnataka has the highest number of GI tagged products.
2. Kerala ranks one in terms of area under GI tag.
3. In terms of GI tagged products, sarees and fabrics has been given highest number of tags
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 3 only
D. All of the above
2. Consider the following statements :
1. Market share of palm oil is more than 60% of the total vegetable oils imported into India.
2. China is the major source of palm oil import for india.
3. Palm oil is a cheap as it costs less than other most vegetable oils.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. All of the above
3. Which among the following is correct in context to consequences of negative interest rate
policy:
1. Financial institutions are required to pay interest for parking excess reserves with the
central bank..
2. It can gives a country’s export a competitive advantage.
3. It can incentivize corporate borrowing and investment .
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
www.sleepyclasses.com Available on App Store
11
Call 6280133177 and Play StoreT.me/SleepyClasses
C. 1 and 3 only
D. All of the above
4. Consider the following statements :
1. As per FCI India’s wheat procurement in 2021-22 is the lowest in last 5 years
2. India’s rice procurement is the highest in 2020-21 in last 5 years.
Select the correct answer code:
A. 1 only
B. 2 only
C. Both 1 and 2
D. None of the above
5. Consider the following statements in context to State Development Loans :
1. SDL are dated securities issued by states
2. The rate of interest of SDL securities are determined by state government
3. SDL securities issued by states are credible collateral for meeting the SLR requirements
Select the correct answer code:
A. 1 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. All of the above
Available on App Store www.sleepyclasses.com
12
and Play Store Call 6280133177T.me/SleepyClasses
4. Polity
4.1.SMILE Scheme
• The Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment has formulated a scheme “SMILE – Support for
Marginalized Individuals for Livelihood and Enterprise”
• Itincludes sub scheme - ‘Central Sector Scheme for Comprehensive Rehabilitation of persons
engaged in the act of Begging’
SMILE Scheme
• The focus of the scheme is extensively on rehabilitation, provision of medical facilities, counselling,
basic documentation, education, skill development, economic linkages and so on.
• The scheme would be implemented with the support of State/UT Governments/Local Urban Bodies,
Voluntary Organizations, Community Based Organizations (CBOs) , institutions and others.
• Scheme provides for the use of the existing shelter homes available with the State/UT Governments
and Urban local bodies for rehabilitation of the persons engaged in the act of Begging.
• In case of non-availability of existing shelter homes, new dedicated shelter homes are to be set up by
the implementing agencies. Under this Scheme, funds allocated for the next ve year
• Pilot projects initiated on Comprehensive Rehabilitation of Persons engaged in the act of Begging in
ten cities namely Delhi, Bangalore, Chennai, Hyderabad, Indore, Lucknow, Mumbai, Nagpur, Patna
and Ahmadabad.
4.2.Kapu community
• The Andhra Pradesh government announced 10% reservation for the Kapu community and other
Economically Weaker Sections (EWS) for appointments in the initial posts and services in State
government in accordance with the Constitution (103rd Amendment) Act, 2019
Kapu Community
• The Kapus are primarily an agrarian community based in the Andhra- Telangana region
• The Kapus, in fact, form the core of the middle castes of Andhra Pradesh, the original cultivator caste
which migrated from the Gangetic plains, probably from Kampilya (near Ayodhya) thousands of
years ago.
• They entered what is present-day Telangana and, after clearing the forests along the banks of the
Godavari, settled down to farming.
• Although farming continues to be their mainstay, a section amongst them took to trade and business.
These Kapus are called Balijas (derived from vanijya)
• The Kapus sway is secondary to that of Kammas and Reddys, who they accuse of wielding political
power, denying them their due.
• The Kapus believe that about one hundred twenty years ago, probably at the end of the nineteenth
century, their social status was higher than that of the Kammas.
• But the Kammas took to business, commerce and education faster.
www.sleepyclasses.com Available on App Store
13
Call 6280133177 and Play Store
fiT.me/SleepyClasses
EWS Reservation
• 103rd Constitutional Amendment Act introduced an economic reservation (10% quota) in jobs and
admissions in education institutes for Economically Weaker Sections (EWS) by amending Articles 15
and 16.
• It inserted Article 15 (6) and Article 16 (6).
• It was enacted to promote the welfare of the poor not covered by the 50% reservation policy for
SCs, STs and Socially and Educationally Backward Classes (SEBC).
• It enables both Centre and the states to provide reservation to the EWS of society
4.3.SC quashes some provisions of 97th Amendment
• The Supreme Court recently struck down certain provisions of the Constitution (97th Amendment)
Act, 2011
Supreme court’s ruling
• Struck down certain provisions of the Constitution (97th Amendment) Act, 2011 in so far as it
introduced clauses dealing with the working of cooperative societies working within a state, saying
the subject matter fell in the state list and “belongs wholly and exclusively to the State legislatures to
legislate upon”
• Any change would require the rati cation by at least one-half of the state legislatures as per Article
368(2) of the Constitution
• Multi-State Co-operative Societies (MSCS) with objectives that are not limited to a single state, the
Union of India’s legislative power is included in Entry 44 List I. (Union List).
• Part IX B, which consists of Articles 243ZH to 243ZT, has “signi cantly and substantially impacted”
State legislatures’ “exclusive legislative power” over its co-operative sector under Entry 32 of the
State List.
• The court pointed out how Article 243ZI makes it clear that a State may only make law on the
incorporation, regulation and winding up of a society subject to the provisions of Part IXB of the 97th
Amendment.
Arguments by Central Government
• Central government wants to inject professionalism and autonomy into the functioning of the
societies.
• Low productivity due to lack of accountability
• Elections are not held on time.
Available on App Store www.sleepyclasses.com
14
and Play Store Call 6280133177
fi
fiT.me/SleepyClasses
Current affairs Worksheet (22nd & 23rd July 2021)
Factual sheet for Quick revision
www.sleepyclasses.com Available on App Store
15
Call 6280133177 and Play StoreYou can also read
