Disaster Management Cycle - GIS TOOL FOR CALCULATING REPAIR COST OF BUILDINGS DUE TO EARTHQUAKE EFFECTS (CCRE CISMID)
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GIS TOOL FOR CALCULATING REPAIR
COST OF BUILDINGS DUE TO
EARTHQUAKE EFFECTS (CCRE ‐ CISMID)
Miguel Estrada
Carlos Zavala
Fernando Lazares
Jorge Morales
Japan – Peru Center for Earthquake Engineering Research and Disaster Mitigation
Faculty of Civil Engineering – National University of Engineering – Lima – Peru
Disaster Management Cycle
Disaster Cycle
Pre‐event Event Post‐Event
Software
Hardware
Risk Components
Hazard Exposition
Earthquakes, People, Properties
Landslides,
Tsunamis Disaster
Risk
Vulnerability
Susceptibility to natural hazards
Risk = Function (Hazard, Exposition, Vulnerability)
Risk Components Reduction
Hazard
Basically without Exposition
changes but there is Resettlement of people
“Climate Change” and properties
Risk Vulnerability
disaster Increment of the
building resistance
reduction
Seismic Hazard – Peruvian Seismicity
82° 80° 78° 76° 74° 72° 70°
0° 0°
!!
!
!
Seismic Hazard ! ! !!
Colombia
!!! Ecuador
!
2° !! 2°
! !
!
!!
!
!
4° ! 4°
!
! !!
6° ! 6°
!
Brazil
! !
!
Peruvian Coast 8°
!
!
! ! !!
!
!
8°
Earthquakes with
! !
! ! !!!
10° 10°
! !! ! !
!!
! !
!
Magnitude > 5
! !
12° 12°
! !
!
PERÚ
! !
!
1973 ‐ 2010 14°
OCÉANO PACÍFICO
!!!!
!! !!!!! !!!
!
!!
!!!
14°
! !!
!!
!!!!!!
Profundida Focal !!!!!!!!
!!! Bolivia
16° !! ! 16°
!! !
Lagos ! !!!! ! !! !
!
! < 50 km ! ! ! !
! !!!!!!! !
! 50km - 100 km ! !!! !!
!! !!
18° ! 18°
! ! !!
! > 100 km ! !!
Chile
0 50 100 200 300 400 ! !!
Kilómetros !!
20° ! ! !! 20°
82° 80° 78° 76° 74° 72° 70°
Seismic Hazard
Recent
earthquake with
magnitude
greater than 7
and that
produced
tsunami
Focusing in Assess the Vulnerability
• All these reasons make the necessity to
develop a practical tool to identify the
vulnerable urban areas due to effects of a big
earthquake. This tool is based in three
aspects:
– Seismicity of the area
– Soil conditions
– Structural characteristics of the buildings
Soil Conditions
• To determine the type of soil and its response
in case of an earthquake some field survey are
conducted:
– Borehole exploration,
– Shear wave measurements,
– Microtremor measurements,
– A geotechnical map is developed, and
– Acceleration map for an earthquake scenario is
developed.
Soil Conditions – Acceleration Map
Soil Type Description Amp. Factor
S1 Rocks 1.0
Acceleration Map S2 Intermediate 1.2
S3 Soft soil 1.4
for and Earthquake Scenario S4 Special case To be determined
Structural Characteristics of Buildings High social class Structural Characteristics of Buildings Middle social class
Structural Characteristics of Buildings
Low social class
Structural Characteristics of Buildings
Cadastral information
Field Value Description
0 Empty
1 Individual House
Use 2 Multifamily House
3 Commerce
4 Public buildings (School, Hospital, Police)
0 Empty
1 Adobe or quincha
Material 2 Masonry
3 Reinforced concrete
4 Others
0 Empty
1 Good
Conservation 2 Regular
3 Bad
4 Very bad
Height Number Number of stories
Thematic Maps
Material Number of Stories
285000 286000 287000 288000 289000 290000 291000 292000 293000 294000 295000 296000
SANTA ANITA
SANTA ANITA ATE VITARTE
EL AGUSTINO
®
8666000
8666000
CIENEGUILLA
8665000
8665000
8664000
8664000
8663000
8663000
LA MOLINA
8662000
8662000
SAN BORJA
SANTIAGO DE SURCO
Material
8661000
8661000
PACHACAMAC
Mampostería
Concreto
Acero
8660000
8660000
No Evaluado
SAN JUAN DE MIRAFLORES
8659000
8659000
VILLA MARIA DEL TRIUNFO
285000 286000 287000 288000 289000 290000 291000 292000 293000 294000 295000 296000
Land Use Structural System
6 Districts in Lima Under Detailed Study
77°10'0"W 77°5'0"W 77°0'0"W 76°55'0"W 76°50'0"W
Ancón
• La Molina 11°50'0"S
Santa Rosa
Carabayllo
11°50'0"
• Chorrillos Ventanilla
Puente Piedra
Villa el Salvador Ü
11°55'0"S 11°55'0"
• Comas
San Juan de Lurigancho
Los Olivos
Lurigancho
• San Juan de Lurigancho
Independencia
Chaclacayo
12°0'0"S 12°0'0"S
Callao
Rimac
San Martín de Porres Ate
El Agustino
Carmen de la Legua Reynoso Santa Anita
• Comas
Lima
Bellavista Breña
La Punta La Perla La Victoria
San Miguel Pueblo LibreJesús María San Luis
12°5'0"S Lince Cieneguilla 12°5'0"S
La Molina
Magdalena del Mar San Borja
San Isidro
• Puente Piedra
Surquillo
Miraflores Santiago de Surco
Barranco
San Juan de Miraflores
Distritos
Pachacamac
12°10'0"S 12°10'0"
ProyectoMV
Villa MarÍa del Triunfo
Chorrillos
MVCyS-BID
Distrito Área(km2) Población aproximada en miles Villa el Salvador
Chorrillos 38.9 262.6
0 2.5 5 10 15 20
Villa el Salvador 35.5 381.8 12°15'0"S
Kilómetros Lurin
12°15'0"
San Juan de Lurigancho 131.3 898.4 Punta Hermosa
77°10'0"W 77°5'0"W 77°0'0"W 76°55'0"W 76°50'0"W
La Molina 65.8 132.5
Puente Piedra 71.2 233.6
Comas 48.8 487
Aproximatelly: 2.4 millon peoples
Adopted seismic Risk Evaluation
• Take plaster of walls S/.
• Put wire mesh S/.
• Put new plasterS/.
• Paint S/.
__________________
Retrofitting Cost
Building Earthquake damage
Retroffiting Cost = Function (Structure Type, PGA, Damage level)
Urban
Inventory Seismic
Microzoning
Vulnerability
Laboratoty Test
Adopted seismic Risk Evaluation
Building Damage Level
Fundamental Period
T= 0.07 Np (1+ 0.75. Z. g/981)
Sa = Aceleración on Microzone
w= 2/T
Sd= Sa /w2
e= Sd H =drift
i=e x (0.75 R)
= FR*i
ZUSC
X X i1
i
R
0.75
2
2
h
T 
USING DAMAGE MATRIX AND PARAMETERS FROM 6 DISTRICT STUDY
A RATIO DAMAGE LEVEL AND RETRIFFTING COST WAS DEVELOPED
Proyecto CISMID-PGT-BID
Di strito Lo te s/ Mz a Area Lo te Prom(m2) Re po sició n (US$/ m2)
SAN JU AN DE LURI GANCHO 20 130 275
COMAS 18 160 300
P UENTE P IEDRA 18 160 235
VI LLA EL SALVADOR 20 130 400
CHORRILLOS 18 160 950
LA MOLIN A 18 250 1300
RATIO DAMAGE AND RETROFIT COST BASE ON SOCIOECONOMICAL LEVEL
(Source: APEIN)Structural Characteristics of Buildings
Development of Building Damage Curve
Damage curve
based on the drift
of the building
The damage curve
will depend on the
parameters
mentioned in the
table showed
before.
Structural Damage of Water Pipes
Number of breaks per kilometer for different type of water pipeData Integration in a GIS Platform
Soil Conditions Building Information Water pipe information
Analysis Tool DevelopmentAnalysis Tool Development
• Development within the
commercial software ArcGIS
v10.0
• By programming in Python
language
• Using Arcpy and Math modules
• The program offers flexibility to
change building and soil
parameters
Analysis Tool Application
Tacna City – Southern Peru Buildings
Soils
Water pipesAnalysis Tool
Application
Tacna City –
Southern Peru
Conclusions
• An automatic tool to evaluate the building and water pipe damage has
been developed.
• To carry out the damage assessment procedure geotechnical, cadastral
and pipe information is necessary. However, the building information
could be in different area sizes: Lot, Block or Zone, depending the quantity
or quality of the data.
• The tools can be applied to cities with similar building, pipe and soil
conditions similar to Lima city.
• To obtain empirical relationships between acceleration and level of
damage, it has processed a wide variety of cases, so the application is well
calibrated for this type of buildings and soils.
• Regarding the analysis for water pipe some additional curves may be
develop, to cover the variety of pipe materials and diameters, but this
tools can give a good figure about the possible damage in case an severe
earthquake.
• Statistical information can be obtained from the final thematic maps and
can be used to make prevention and mitigation plans.Group 4 and 5 Conclusions
• Group 4
– Inventory map for Lima City and Tacna City based on Satellite Imagery and Census Data will
continue to developing
– To improve the inventory data Peruvian Counterpart will contact to Municipalities to get
cadastral data.
– For building high LIDAR may be used, for this purpose Peruvian counterpart will request the
quotation to a private company.
– Sharing PRISM satellite data with INDECI and CONIDA will be carried out to analyse DSM.
– Future activities:
• Complete the building inventory for Lima and Tacna
• Join effort with Group 1 and 3 to develop damage assessment maps
• Developing damage detection techniques
• Installation of permanent GPS monitoring system at CISMID
• Setup of several GPS monitoring point and conduct the correspond measurement
• Group 5
– New Peruvian Government planning issues for Pisco Recovery was discussed.
– Japanese Urban Planners will study the future land use of Pisco and will provide some
recommendations
– Master plan map of Pisco will be share and feedback will discussed by Peruvian and
Japanese specialists.
– Propose a way to increase the peoples sensitivity related to Disaster Management Issues.
Group 4 and 5 Conclusions
Master Plan for Pisco 2011 ‐ 2021You can also read
