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Can your roblox account get hacked Let’s get into the nitty-gritty. The only way you can reset your password on Facebook (if you’ve forgotten one) is through entering a 6 digit passcode. Well that’s 10⁶ = 1,000,000 possible combinations. Some algorithm which Facebook uses (that is yet to be cracked) generates seemingly a random 6 digit code whenever a person requests a password reset. That code does not change if you request it from mbasic.facebook.com until that code gets “used.” That could possibly mean that if 1 million people request a password within a short amount of time such that no one uses their code to reset the password, then 1,000,0001 person to request a code will get a passcode that someone from the batch has already been assigned.There are 2 options here: 1) Facebook either stores duplicate codes for multiple users if more than 1 million people request a password reset code, or 2) Every user gets a unique code and Facebook uses some divine way to handle the case where 1 million+ users request a code. Since I don’t know much about the divine, I put my money on option 1.Hence, I decided to send double the number of emails (2 million of them), hoping that some people from my 2 million will get duplicate passcodes. This is a simple application of the Pigeonhole Principle. Then all I have to do is pick a random passcode following this rule: Integers less than 100,000 have a lower probability of occurring than integers between ranges of 300,000 and 699,999 or 800,000 and 999,999, which have higher probability of occurring. Again, this isn’t the golden rule of thumb but from my testing it will help us later. So now that we have picked a random passcode, we will brute force it against our 2 million batch to check whose ID is associated with our random passcode!The bug isn’t difficult to understand but it’s execution is tough due to its large scale.How do you send 2 million password reset emails quickly without getting blocked?To send emails, you first need to get access to 2 million Facebook usernames. Web scraping time!Point 1: Facebook IDs are generally 15 digits long, so I started with 100,000,000,000,000 and started making queries to Facebook Graph API to check which IDs were valid. I was also able to get profile picture and full name on the user’s account with ease since it seems there is no rate-limiting on public data (I just did it for fun). But wait! Facebook Graph API only lets authorized apps to fetch a user’s username, doesn’t it? Yes it does. Yes it does.All you have to do after making sure the ID is valid is visit the following link: www.facebook.com/[ID HERE] and the url automatically redirects and changes the ID to the user’s username. So I compiled all this data into a nice JSON, which I guess doesn’t hurt to publish since it’s all public anyway.Note: Some of the profile picture urls in the JSON are invalid.Link to the 2 million usernames: 2: In order to avoid getting your IP blocked from repeatedly sending requests to send password reset emails, you need rotating IPs. This means that every email request will be sent from a batch of thousands of IP addresses to simulate a normal global network flow. There are several services online that offer this feature. In my case, all network traffic went through a proxy server that listened for HTTP requests and arbitrarily assigned an IP address to each request.Point 3: You need to simulate user behavior when requesting a passcode. So we will use PhantomJS (Headless browser) and write a multithreaded script in Java that requests a passcode to every user from our JSON file. I also scraped all User Agent strings for a Chrome browser from to assign to my PhantomJS instance.Point 4: Got a free trial of Google Compute Engine and hosted my scripts on a virtual machine. I set up 8 VMs (12 cores/20 GB RAM each) over 4 different regions and instantiated 180 PhantomJS instances per VM for full CPU utilization. Then I let all my scripts do their thang!I could’ve created a distributed system for my VMs but time is money.I was making 923 HTTP requests per secondEasier Part: Brute Force Guessed Passcode Against 2 million IDs.I then guessed a 6 digit passcode 338625 using the aforementioned rule and brute forced all users at the following url by adding the ID to the key ‘u’ and my passcode to the key ‘n’: www.beta.facebook.com/recover/password?u=…&n…And guess what? I was able to find a matching ID.The “Invalid Link” show all the IDs for which the passcode did not workNext step?I again went to www.beta.facebook.com/recover/password? u=[ID HERE]&n=338625 and I was brought to this page belowNow you get complete access to that random user’s account.Bounty Paid: $500At it stands, this critical bug which lets you gain complete access to someone’s account is Facebook’s low priority (don’t know why).I may or may not post all the source code to my Github @endeavors — still deciding.I will post about my experience with other companies in the next chapter :)Follow me on Twitter @gurkiratspecaFor educational purposes only.Join Hacker Noon Create your free account to unlock your custom reading experience. According to numerous reports, a number of hacked Disney+ accounts have been popping up over the web lately. And those breaking into your account aren’t taking advantage of some crazy vulnerability in the streaming service. They’re either phishing your account data or, worse, logging in as you by using credentials that have already been exposed in another password breach elsewhere.In other words, if you’re using the same password for Disney+ that you use for other services, and one of those is hacked, you’ve just put your entire Disney account in jeopardy—Disney parks, streaming services, and all.It’s a bit strange that Disney has allowed its fans to link all of their services together like this, although it makes sense from a technical standpoint. It’s not like you have a separate password for Google Play, Google Drive, and your Gmail, after all. What doesn’t make any sense at all is why Disney has no means for letting a person add extra security to their accounts via two-factor authentication.G/O Media may get a commissionAt least, if I’m planning a trip, making purchases, and watching movies online, I’d like to be able to prevent unauthorized access to my single and only account by forcing would-be attackers to enter a special code that requires physical access to my phone to obtain. That’s hardly Mickey Mouse-level magic; it’s just good account security.In the meantime, if you’ve already signed up for Disney+, I recommend changing your password to something you don’t use anywhere else and using one of the many amazing password managers available today to keep track of that (and all the other unique passwords you use). That way, it should be pretty difficult for another person to learn of your password unless they sucker you into typing into a website or service that is not actually Disney+.You should also be able to sign up for Disney+ using a variant of your real email address, like yourrealaddress+disney@gmail.com), which will keep it from being tied to your other Disney services, but this measure seems a bit extreme. You never know what Disney might unveil at some future point that could give you some kind of benefit for tying all of your Disney services under a single account. (I’m just speculating.) Give yourself a unique password, hope Disney gets its act together regarding two-factor authentication, and that should be all you need to do to to stay safe with Disney+ (for now). Thousands of Spotify users just learned the hard way why you shouldn’t reuse passwords. Cybersecurity company VPNMentor has discovered an improperly-secured database containing email addresses, passwords, account names, and other personal information for thousands of Spotify accounts. Hackers compiled this data with help from other leaks, or via credential stuffing, rather than directly attacking Spotify itself; this mining operation nevertheless allowed them to successfully break into over 300,000 accounts.In response to the leak, Spotify issued forced password resets to the 300,000 affected accounts back in July, but not everyone followed through. If you haven’t signed into Spotify in a while, it’s probably worth updating your password right now. So is turning on two-factor authentication and installing an encrypted password manager.Don’t assume you’re safe if Spotify hasn’t made you reset your password yet, however: According to VPNMentor, the database is still actively used by hackers, so further attacks are possible. There are likely a lot more Spotify users who use the same email, username, and password on multiple apps or websites, and even more who use easily-accessible information as their passwords—stuff like their street address, name, birthdate, etc. Those details can also be compromised by data leaks, or with a little social engineering. If a hacker got in, they could take over your Spotify account for themselves and siphon off your personal information for use elsewhere. This is even more problematic for Spotify users who log in using their Facebook, Google, or Apple accounts, since they store so much personal information and link up with dozens of other apps.G/O Media may get a commissionOne of the best things about having a solid password is that you don’t have to change it. If it’s…Read moreTake this as a canary-in-the-coal-mine situation and update your Spotify password to something stronger. It’s also important to routinely perform password checkups, and to check your accounts using HaveIBeenPwned. Many password managers include built-in password health checks as well.Lastly, turn on two-factor authentication (2FA). I know, adding an extra login step is annoying, but it’s worth it. Even unique, hard-to-guess passwords securely stored in password managers can be compromised by data leaks, and 2FA can prevent and/or alert you of attempted account break-ins.[TechRadar] The Squeeze Is on as Bears Circle Skillz Stock Seeking Alpha Catalyst Watch 7 Earnings Reports to Watch Next Week 7 of the Best Blockchain Stocks to Buy in Lieu of Crypto What Did the Stock Market Do Today? 3 Big Stories to Catch Up On. 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Roblox and BMG to develop new opportunities for artists and songwriters Roblox (RBLX) Gains As Market Dips: What You Should Know Photo Courtesy: Cavan Images/Getty Images Finding out that your personal information was compromised and may have gotten into the wrong hands is never good news. And many Americans found this out the hard way due to a data breach involving Equifax, one of the three major credit bureaus. To find out whether you're one of the millions of Americans whose personal information may have been compromised during the massive Equifax data breach that occurred in 2017, you can visit a specific website and fill in basic information to check your status. The initial deadline to file a claim in the Equifax settlement was in January 2020, but you may still be eligible for additional assistance, including free identity restoration services, through 2026. Knowing the best ways to keep your personal information safe can also be helpful if something similar happens in the future. Equifax is one of the three major credit bureaus, alongside Experian and TransUnion. It collects financial information about millions of Americans, including details about their debts, to help determine their creditworthiness and whether they're risky for financial institutions to lend to. It also sells services, such as fraud protection and credit monitoring, directly to consumers and helps people keep track of their credit status. Photo Courtesy: Bloomberg/Getty Images Aside from obtaining your credit report and score, you can use Equifax to protect yourself from identity theft, use various tools to prepare to make a large purchase (such as a home or new car) and obtain a free copy of your Equifax credit report, which shows credit-related information about you. You can also enact alerts and freeze reporting when you need to inform lenders that you've been (or could become) a victim of fraud. In September 2017, Equifax announced a data breach that exposed the personal information of 147 million people had taken place. Among the compromised information were home addresses, phone numbers, birth dates, names, drivers license numbers and Social Security numbers. The attack also breached credit card numbers and expiration dates of nearly 209,000 customers. Following the attack, Equifax created a separate website, for individuals to use to find out whether their information had been compromised as part of this breach. Photo Courtesy: Bloomberg/Getty Images If you're not sure whether your information has been compromised, you can visit the official settlement website for the Equifax Data Breach Settlement at . To start, fill out your last name and the last six digits of your Social Security number. From there, you'll find out whether your personal information was exposed during the breach. You're legally allowed to get a free copy of your credit report from every credit reporting bureau every 12 months. Once you obtain your report, comb through it to ensure that all of your information is updated and correct. Reviewing your reports on a regular basis allows you to potentially catch warning signs of identity theft. Look for unpaid accounts that you're certain you didn't open. Photo Courtesy: damircudic/E+/Getty Images Another option is to put a freeze or lock on your credit report. You can do this with Equifax, TransUnion and Experian. Each of these three major credit bureaus also lets you place fraud alerts on your credit report. This notice lets lenders and others who pull your credit report know that you may have been a victim of identity theft and some information that appears on your credit report may be incorrect. Following the data breach, a lawsuit was generated between affected individuals, Equifax Inc. and two of its subsidiaries. Under the settlement, Equifax agreed to pay $425 million to assist those affected by its data breach. Photo Courtesy: Smith Collection/Gado/Contributor/Archive Photos/Getty Images If you were impacted by the breach, you could be eligible for reimbursement up to $20,000 to help cover the money you spent to protect yourself against identity theft, including freezing or unfreezing credit reports, and the time you spent protecting your identity or recovering from identity theft. The initial deadline for filing a claim in the Equifax settlement was January 22, 2020. However, you can still file a claim for expenses incurred between January 23, 2020, and January 22, 2024, regarding fraud related to the breach or identity theft. You can also file a claim for time spent recovering from fraud or identity theft during this time period. If you don't file a claim, you may still be able to get free identity restoration services along with six free credit reports through 2026, in addition to your one free Equifax report.
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