Central London office market report Q1 2020 - JLL

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Central London office market report Q1 2020 - JLL
Central London Office Market Report Q1 2020   1

Central London
office market report
Q1 2020
2                                                                                                                                                                                               Central London Office Market Report Q1 2020                                                              Central London Office Market Report Q1 2020                                                                                              3

Issue to watch - COVID-19 pandemic                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      

The COVID-19 pandemic has created a material                                                                                                              The UK economy has effectively been placed in suspended                                                                                        volume of speculative development currently underway.                the GFC and reach over 9% by the end of 2021, supply will
uncertainty in real estate market performance.                                                                                                            animation until normality can resume, with the government                                                                                      At the start of the GFC in Q2 2008, there was 12.6 million sq ft     need to increase from today’s level of 10.1 million sq ft to
                                                                                                                                                          taking dramatic steps to ensure that businesses don’t go                                                                                       of speculative space under construction, compared to just            over 21 million sq ft.
Across Europe, there is considerable variation in the                                                                                                     bankrupt, people don’t lose the ability to contribute to society                                                                               7.0 million sq ft today.
extent of the human tragedy implications unfolding and                                                                                                    and individuals don’t lose their livelihoods or their homes.                                                                                                                                                        How occupiers respond will depend upon the speed and
its impact on economic activity, including the trajectory,                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Construction is one area where we are seeing short term              shape of the recovery - whether we see a short bounce-back,
                                                                                                                                                          Sentiment has plummeted in the wake of COVID-19, with the                                                                                      disruption, with many office developments and internal fit-out       which is likely to see a quicker return to business as usual or
duration and extent of these impacts on all real estate
                                                                                                                                                          IHS Markit/CIPS UK Services PMI falling to just 34.5 in March,                                                                                 projects already incurring delays. Disruption to the supply          a more prolonged economic downturn which is more likely
sectors. With varying policy responses across the region                                                                                                  which is the lowest level on record and was also the fastest                                                                                   chain and a decrease in available workforce will continue for        to lead to job losses, with a consequential release of sublease
and the mitigating implications differing by market and                                                                                                   ever monthly fall (decreasing from 53.2 in February).                                                                                          the foreseeable future. In Central London, many construction         space. Longer-term, COVID-19 will no doubt force many
sector, it is too early for us to provide a quantitative                                                                                                  This and other poor confidence measures have filtered                                                                                          firms are self-regulating and suspending some or all of their        companies into considering how they occupy office space,
and robust assessment of value impact on 31st March,                                                                                                      through to economic forecasts, with the UK, in line with all                                                                                   schemes. While at this stage it is too early to say what impact      with issues such as flexibility, densification and employee
our survey date.                                                                                                                                          global economies, expected to see a sharp fall in economic                                                                                     this will have on individual scheme completion dates, we             health and well-being positioned front and centre of any
                                                                                                                                                          activity during 2020.                                                                                                                          expect the pipeline to be pushed out by 1-3 months. Given the        future real estate strategy.
In this context, the JLL Q1 2020 real estate performance                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 low vacancy rates, any delay to office completions will add to
indices have been held at Q4 2019 values, except where                                                                                                    How the office market responds remains to be seen and                                                                                          the pressure on supply, and support rents if the slowdown is         There are many questions that we cannot definitively answer
there has been sufficient evidence at sector and market                                                                                                   will be influenced by the severity and length of any economic                                                                                  short-lived.                                                         yet and all will have significant real estate implications.
level to make appropriate any reliable adjustments                                                                                                        downturn. At this stage, we can look back to previous                                                                                                                                                               Human, economic and business impacts are inevitable,
                                                                                                                                                          recessions to provide some guidance as to how markets                                                                                          In previous downturns, the volume of tenant-led supply               but new measures, policies and procedures, and investing
to figures.
                                                                                                                                                          have behaved to try to put today’s market into context.                                                                                        being returned to the market had a material impact on                in the right infrastructure, will help mitigate risk in the short
We will talk to the evolution of the market throughout                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   vacancy rates and rental values. In 2008/9, the volume of            and longer-term.
                                                                                                                                                          We know that in previous downturns, most notably the                                                                                           second-hand space doubled to 14.7 million sq ft in 18 months
Q1 in our reporting and will be continually monitoring                                                                                                    early 1990’s recession and the global financial crisis (GFC),                                                                                                                                                       We will continue to monitor the situation on the ground and
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         resulting in a peak vacancy rate of 9.1%. But contrast 2008
market movements as the situation evolves to inform                                                                                                       vacancy rates increased sharply due to a combination of                                                                                                                                                             will provide updates on new and emerging trends as this
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         with today, where corporates have a greater emphasis on
our ongoing view of pricing. We will be updating our                                                                                                      slower leasing activity and high volumes of speculative                                                                                        utilisation and densification of space which has driven              situation evolves.
forecasts, albeit these will be directional at this time,                                                                                                 development underway at the entry point. It is interesting                                                                                     efficiencies and resulted in limited excess space in portfolios.
broadly reflecting any meaningful changes to the                                                                                                          to note that the current Central London vacancy rate is similar                                                                                For vacancy rates to follow the same trajectory recorded in
underlying fundamentals.                                                                                                                                  to the entry point of the GFC, but what is different is the

Impact of previous economic downturns on Central London office market supply and demand                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Office markets: immediate impact

                                                 Early 1990s recession                                                                                                                Financial crisis                                   EU referendum COVID-19
                35

                30

                25
Million sq ft

                20                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Construction delays                                               Stalled projects and
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 reduced cap-ex
                15

                10

                5

                0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 2020*
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         2021*
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 2022*
                     1984
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          2019

                                                                                    New supply                    Second-hand supply                             Speculative development                                  Take-up
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Work-from-home initiatives                                     Social distancing, expanded remote
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          work and more sq ft per person

2020-2022 speculative development includes schemes under construction as at March 2020 and reduced by year of completion.
*2020-2022 supply forecasts as at February 2020 and for indicative purposes only.
4                                                                                     Central London Office Market Report Q1 2020      Central London Office Market Report Q1 2020                                                                                                     5

Central London overview                                                                                                               

Leasing activity slows                                              Flex share of take-up                                              Central London vacancy rates                                         A number of significant transactions went under offer during
Across Central London there was just 1.7 million sq ft                                                                                                                                                      the COVID-19 outbreak but these may take longer to sign,
                                                                                                                                       9.0%
of take-up in Q1, the slowest start to the year since 2011.                                                                                                                                                 or indeed may be withdrawn, though it remains to be seen
Volumes were down 22% on the Q1 10-year average
                                                                       28%              29%             28%               3%           8.0%
                                                                                                                                                                                                            if there has been any material impact on pricing terms.
                                                                                                                                       7.0%
(2.2 million sq ft) and were 25% below the same period in                                                                                                                                                   Prime yields in the City moved in 25 basis points to 4.0%
                                                                                                                                       6.0%
2019. The downturn in leasing cannot be directly attributed                                                                                                                                                 across all lot sizes in February prior to the COVID-19 crisis and
                                                                                                                                       5.0%
to COVID-19, given that most of the quarter was functioning                                                                                                                                                 remained unchanged for the end of the quarter, while West End
under normal circumstances.                                                                                                            4.0%
                                                                       Q2 2017          Q4 2017          Q3 2019          Q1 2020                                                                           yields were held at 3.5%.
                                                                                                                                       3.0%
Despite the West End, City and East London all seeing                                                                                  2.0%                                                                 Prime rents have been held stable for the quarter at £75.00 per

                                                                    16%
quarter-on-quarter declines in leasing volumes, the City                                                                               1.0%                                                                 sq ft for the City and £117.50 per sq ft for the West End.
started the year some 23% ahead of Q1 2019. This was
primarily due to Linklaters pre-leasing 307,000 sq ft at 20                                       5-year quarterly average             0.0%

Ropemaker Street, EC2. As a result of this transaction and a                                                                                  2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020          Central London investment volumes
few other pre-let deals, pre-leasing remained a key driver of
                                                                                                                                                     Overall vacancy             New vacancy                          5.0                                                             90%
activity, accounting for 27% of quarterly volumes.
                                                                    On a more positive note, under offers rose by 30%                                10-year average - overall   10-year average - new                4.5                                                             80%
                                                                    quarter-on-quarter, to 3.2 million sq ft at the end of Q1.                                                                                        4.0                                                             70%
  Central London take-up activity                                   Of this, just under 1.8 million sq ft was under offer on pre-let                                                                                  3.5                                                             60%
                                                                    stock. Active demand also remained high at 9.9 million sq ft,      Pause in investment activity                                                   3.0
                12.0                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  50%
                                                                    of which over half is structural and driven by a lease event.

                                                                                                                                                                                                          £ billion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      2.5
                                                                    Nevertheless, given the current unprecedented circumstances,       Despite a strong start to the year, COVID-19 has disrupted the                                                                                 40%
                10.0                                                                                                                                                                                                  2.0
                                                                    many of these under offer transactions may take longer to          investment market, with a number of sales stalling over the last                                                                               30%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      1.5
                                                                                                                                       few weeks. Overall in Q1, investment volumes were subdued,
Million sq ft

                8.0                                                 complete than usual and some active demand may be deferred                                                                                        1.0                                                             20%
                                                                    or aborted as the true extent of COVID-19 becomes clear.           totalling just £2.3 billion which was 19% below the Q1 10-year
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      0.5                                                             10%
                6.0                                                                                                                    average. Nevertheless, Q1 volumes were in line with quarterly
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      0.0                                                             0%
                                                                    Supply remains low                                                 volumes recorded during most of 2019, when the first three
                4.0                                                                                                                                                                                                         2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
                                                                                                                                       quarters averaged circa £2.5 billion before the market saw a                          Q1   Q1   Q1   Q1   Q1   Q1   Q1   Q1   Q1   Q1
                                                                    There was a marginal uptick in the vacancy rate to 4.3%,           temporary resurgence in Q4.
                2.0                                                 up from 4.1% at the end of 2019. This upturn was evident                                                                                                       UK                        Overseas
                                                                    across all three major markets, but both the City and West End     There were seven transactions in excess of £100 million in Q1,                              10-year Q1 average        Overseas as % of total
                0.0
                                                                    remain characterised by sub-4.0% vacancy while East London         and these accounted for 60% of all volumes. The largest deal
                       2016    2017   2018         2019      2020
                                                                    saw vacancy rates in excess of 11% by quarter end. The new         completed was L&G’s purchase of Sanctuary Buildings, 16-20
                          Q1    Q2    Under offer                    vacancy rate was stable at just 0.7%, with both the City and       Great Smith Street, SW1 for £300 million.
                          Q3    Q4    Q1 average 2011-2020          West End recording a new vacancy rate of below 0.5%.
                                                                                                                                       Global headwinds have seen international investors,
                                                                    Looking forward, speculative space under construction              particularly from Asia, behave more cautiously, and during
There were few larger transactions this quarter, which goes         reached 6.9 million sq ft, which was a 6% increase over the        Q1, overseas investors were responsible for 62% of volumes.
some way to explain the contraction in leasing activity, with       quarter. While a number of schemes started on site early in        Nevertheless, five of the seven largest transactions were sold
just six deals signed in excess of 25,000 sq ft, compared to a Q1   the quarter, totalling just under 1 million sq ft, the volume      to international investors, with German investors most active.
5-year average of 18 deals. The other factor that contributed to    of speculative completions was at a historical low. Many           In total, German capital accounted for 20% of investment
the low volumes was a significant decline in activity from the      construction firms are temporarily halting work on sites across    during Q1.
flexible workplace sector, which accounted for just                 Central London. Given that new vacancy is currently low,
3% of volumes (53,000 sq ft). This was sharply down on the          any delay to office development completions will add to this
five-year quarterly average leasing share of 16%.                   pressure on supply.
6                                                                                    Central London Office Market Report Q1 2020      Central London Office Market Report Q1 2020                                                                                       7

Key transactions                                                                                                                     

1 New Oxford       After an extensive London wide search,         Sanctuary             JLL were delighted to execute the             The Bailey, 16       IPG Mediabrands wanted to                     7-10 Waterloo        JLL successfully completed the off-
Street, WC1        JLL advised Credit Karma UK on their           Buildings, SW1        sale of this asset for a significant          Old Bailey, EC4      accommodate their long-term                   Place, SW1           market sale of the prime long leasehold
                   acquisition of a new London HQ at                                    profit, having acted on behalf of Hana                             headcount growth whilst retaining                                  interest at 7-10 Waterloo Place, SW1,
Tenant:            1 New Oxford Street, WC1. Having               Price:                Alternative in the purchase less than 12      Tenant:              the look and feel of being in their own       Price:               on behalf of Barings Real Estate
Credit Karma       considered both managed and                    £300.00 million       months prior. The opportunity received        IPG & Knotel         self-contained building. Knotel were          £71.00 million       at a market leading price. Barings’
                   traditional office solutions, moving into                            broad interest from across the globe,                              brought in to partner with them and,                               comprehensive refurbishment and
Size:              the fitted first floor suite, on a sublease,   Purchaser:            including Asia and the Middle East. Long      Size:                on their behalf, JLL acquired the whole       Purchaser:           reconfiguration created a ‘best in
11,473 sq ft       provided flexibility to account for            Legal & General       income of this nature is increasingly hard    85,573 sq ft         of The Bailey, enabling IPG Mediabrands       Cara Real Estate     class’ mixed-use building with an
                   Credit Karma’s ambitious growth plans.                               to secure and, with a 350bps margin over                           to expand into the building as required                            abundance of period features. JLL
Rent:                                                                                                                                 Rent:
                   The building is well-connected sitting                               treasury gilts, it proved attractive to the                        over time. This is the first time this deal                        have been involved with this asset
Confidential                                                                                                                          Confidential
                   between Tottenham Court Road and                                     market. Legal & General were ultimately                            structure has been agreed on this scale                            throughout its transformation, advising
                   Holborn tube stations.                                               successful and add the building to their                           in London, a combination of traditional                            on the purchase in 2015 and executing
                                                                                        ever-growing portfolio of government                               lease and partnering structure.                                    a successful leasing campaign at rents
                                                                                        tenanted assets. A highly successful                                                                                                  ahead of expectations.
                                                                                        project with multiple JLL service lines
                                                                                        involved, including Debt Advisory.

Ed Smith                                                          Rob Corbett                                                         Tom Curry                                                          James Buckey

Senior Surveyor,                                                  Head of West End                                                    Director, Tenant                                                   Director, West End
Office Agency                                                     Investment                                                          Representation                                                     Capital Markets
8                                                                                                        Central London Office Market Report Q1 2020                    Central London Office Market Report Q1 2020                                                                                                     9

  West End overview                                                                                                                                                      

  Subdued take-up                                                        West End pre-leasing                                                                             Vacancy increases slightly                                                Prime rents unchanged in Q1
  Take-up volumes were subdued in the first quarter of the year,                       1.6                                                                          45%   Supply increased by 10% to 3.5 million sq ft due to a rise                Prime rents in all submarkets have been held stable, with the
  reaching just 522,000 sq ft, below the 10-year quarterly average                                                                                                        in second-hand space brought to market. As a result,                      rents in the core at £117.50 per sq ft (assuming a 10,000 sq ft floor
                                                                                       1.4                                                                          40%
  of 901,000 sq ft. Take-up has been falling for the past four                                                                                                            the vacancy rate rose to 3.7% but remains below the 10-year               plate and a 10-year term).
  quarters and is now at its lowest level since Q2 2012.                               1.2                                                                          35%   average of 4.0%. New supply also remained scarce with the
                                                                                                                                                                          new build vacancy rate standing at 0.4%, below the 10-year
                                                                                       1.0
                                                                                                                                                                    30%                                                                             Investment volumes subdued in Q1
  West End Q1 take-up                                                                                                                                               25%
                                                                                                                                                                          average of 0.8%.

                                                                       Million sq ft
                                                                                       0.8                                                                                                                                                          Investment volumes reached £1.1 billion across 15 transactions
                1.4                                                                                                                                                 20%   West End vacancy rates                                                    in Q1, below the 10-year quarterly average of £1.4 billion but
                                                                                       0.6                                                                                                                                                          above the figures reached during the first quarter of the past
                                                                                                                                                                    15%
                1.2
                                                                                       0.4                                                                                8.0%                                                                      two years.
                                                                                                                                                                    10%
                1.0                                                                                                                                                       7.0%
                                                                                       0.2
Million sq ft

                                                                                                                                                                    5%
                0.8                                                                                                                                                       6.0%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    West End investment volumes
                                                                                       0.0                                                                          0%
                0.6                                                                          2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020                       5.0%
                                                                                                                                                Q1                                                                                                                    £0.7 billion
                0.4                                                                           Under construction         Off-site         Share of overall take-up         4.0%                                                                        £1.0 billion      Q1 2019

                0.2
                                                                                                                                                                          3.0%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Q1 2018
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        £1.4 billion
                                                                                                                                                                          2.0%                                                                                                              10-year
                0.0                                                      Active demand reached 3.6 million sq ft and was above the
                                                                         10-year average of 3.3 million sq ft. The TMT sector was the                                     1.0%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     £1.1 billion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           quarterly
                      Q1     Q1        Q1             Q1        Q1
                                                                         most active, accounting for 30% of floorspace required.                                          0.0%                                                                                         Q1 2020              average
                      2016   2017      2018          2019       2020
                                                                         This was followed by the banking & finance sector at 27%.                                               2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
                             Take-up          10-year average
                                                                                                                                                                                         Overall vacancy                    New vacancy

  The TMT sector leased the most space and accounted for                 West End active demand by sector                                                                                10-year average - overall          10-year average - new

  40% of take-up. This was followed by the services industry                                                                                                                                                                                        UK investors were the largest source of capital, accounting for
  and banking & finance, which had shares of 20% each.                                                                                                                    Speculative development completions amounted to                           67% of volumes across 11 deals. The largest asset bought by
                                                                                                                      6%                                                  65,250 sq ft. Given that this is significantly below the 10-year          a UK investor was Sanctuary Buildings, SW1. The building was
  Pre-leasing activity was muted during the quarter, accounting                                                 6%                                                        quarterly average of speculative completions (210,170 sq ft),             sold to Legal & General for £300 million in January and this was
  for just 7% of take-up compared to the 10-year quarterly                                                                                                                it will do little to alleviate the tight supply conditions.               also the largest transaction of the quarter. Investors from the
  average of 25%. There was one pre-let deal during the quarter                                            6%                            30%                                                                                                        USA, Germany, Switzerland and Lebanon were also involved
  in which Google acquired 34,000 sq ft at Q1 Handyside Street in                                                                                                         Development completions in 2020 are expected to total
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    in purchases across the West End.
  King’s Cross in February.                                                                                                                                               2.1 million sq ft, but with 73% of this space already pre-let,
                                                                                                      9%
                                                                                                                                                                          it is likely that very little new supply will reach the market
  There was little activity in the flexible workplace sector,                                                                                                             this year. The future pipeline is also becoming more limited
  with flex accounting for just 3% of take-up in a single deal                                                                                                            with 40% of the 2021 pipeline and 21% of the 2022 pipeline
  compared to the 5-year average of 17%. The flexible workplace                                            16%                                                            already pre-let. It is too early to say what the impact of                                                                        67%
  sector has boosted take-up in the West End over the past                                                                                                                COVID-19 related construction delays will have on individual                                                                      UK
                                                                                                                                   27%
  few years, although it is too early to say whether the Q1 data                                                                                                          scheme completion dates.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            23%
  represents the start of a slowdown in the sector or is just
  an anomaly.                                                                                                                                                             West End development pipeline                                                  Investment                                         USA

  The level of under offers stood at 917,000 sq ft, above the                                                                                                             73% pre-let                          21% pre-let                                volumes                                           7%
                                                                                               TMT                                        Manufacturing
  10-year average of 700,475 sq ft. These transactions may take                                Banking and finance                        Professional services
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           by purchaser                                     Germany

  longer to conclude than normal in the current circumstances.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              2%
                                                                                               Flex workspace                             Public administration                                                                                             nationality
                                                                                                                                                                                 2020            2021                2022                 2023                                                              Switzerland
                                                                                               Services industry excluding flex
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Q1 2020
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           1%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Lebanon
                                                                                                                                                                                           40% pre-let                              3% pre-let
10                                                                                         Central London Office Market Report Q1 2020          Central London Office Market Report Q1 2020                                                                                           11

  City overview                                                                                                                                  
  Take-up broadly in line with Q1 average                                While both under offers and active requirements are ahead                Highest quarterly development starts for                            totalling £100 million, with half of this total accounted for
  Take-up totalled 1.1 million sq ft, 26% lower than the 10-year         of average, this is unlikely to translate into a strong second           three years                                                         by Rockwell’s purchase of the Salvation Army site at 101
  quarterly average of 1.5 million sq ft, but 23% ahead of the first     quarter due to the COVID-19 crisis. We expect transactions to                                                                                Newington Causeway, SE1 for £50 million, reflecting a capital
                                                                         take longer to conclude than in normal circumstances, and                Premier Place, EC2 was the only development completion,             value of £550 per sq ft.
  quarter in 2019 when take-up reached 893,000 sq ft. Professional                                                                                although the entire 200,000 sq ft has been pre-leased to
  services occupiers were most active, leasing a total of 520,000        slower decision making for active requirements, with many
                                                                         now temporarily on hold.                                                 Jane Street Capital (142,000 sq ft) and Squire Patton Boggs         Prime yields moved in 25 basis points to 4.00% across all lot
  sq ft in 16 transactions, more than double any other business                                                                                   (58,000 sq ft). Development starts reached their highest            sizes in February, prior to the COVID-19 crisis, and remained
  sector. Linklaters’ pre-let of 307,000 sq ft at 20 Ropemaker Street,                                                                            total since Q4 2016, with development underway on nine
                                                                         City active demand by sector                                                                                                                 unchanged for the end of the quarter.
  EC2 in February accounted for a major share of this total.                                                                                      schemes totalling 1.3 million sq ft, including 20 Ropemaker
                                                                                                                                                  Street, EC2 (398,000 sq ft), which is scheduled to complete in      City investment turnover
  The TMT sector leased a further 202,000 sq ft in 13 transactions,                                           1%
                                                                                                         4%                                       2023, and the refurbishment of 2 Gresham Street, EC2 due
  including 86,000 sq ft acquired by IPG at The Bailey, EC4,                                                                                                                                                                      £3.5
                                                                                                                                                  for completion in 2021. The higher level of development
  also completing in February. In a reversal of a recent trend,                                  7%
                                                                                                                                                  starts underpinned an 8% quarterly increase in the level                        £3.0
  the level of demand from flexible workspace providers slowed,
                                                                                          7%                                                      of speculative development underway to 4.5 million sq ft.                       £2.5
  with take-up reaching 37,000 sq ft, representing just 3% of
  quarterly take-up, compared to 26% in Q1 2019. The level of                                                            38%

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      £ billion
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  £2.0
  under offers increased 36% to 2.1 million sq ft and is now
                                                                                                                                                  City development starts                                                         £1.5
  55% ahead of the 10-year average of 1.4 million sq ft.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  £1.0
                                                                                         19%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  £0.5
  City Q1 take-up
                                                                                                                                                                  1.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  £0.0
                1.6                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Q1    Q2          Q3       Q4            Q1
                                                                                                                                                                  1.2
                                                                                                              23%                                                                                                                                   2019                       2020
                1.4                                                                                                                                               1.0
                1.2

                                                                                                                                                  Million sq ft
                                                                                                                                                                  0.8
                1.0                                                                TMT                                    Manufacturing                           0.6                                                                                                     36%
Million sq ft

                                                                                   Banking and finance                    Professional services
                0.8                                                                                                                                               0.4                                                                                                     Germany
                                                                                   Flex workspace                         Public administration
                0.6                                                                Services industry excluding flex
                                                                                                                                                                  0.2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          18%
                0.4                                                                                                                                               0.0                                                                                                     Greece
                                                                                                                                                                        Q2          Q3        Q4             Q1
                0.2                                                      Uptick in vacancy but remains close to record low                                                         2019                     2020                                                          14%
                                                                         The vacancy rate increased to 3.5%, from a record low of 3.3%,                                  Development starts        5-year average                                                         UK
                0.0
                      Q1     Q1         Q1           Q1          Q1      but remains significantly lower than both the 10-year average
                                                                         of 5.6%, and 5-year average of 4.2%. Supply of new build space           Prime rents stable                                                                                                      9%
                      2016   2017       2018        2019         2020                                                                                                                                                                                                     Switzerland
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Investment
                                                                         remains restricted with 457,000 sq ft immediately available,             Prime rents and incentives have been held at £75.00 per sq ft,
                              Take-up          10-year average           reflecting a vacancy rate of 0.4%, its lowest level since 2007.          with 24 months’ rent free on an assumed 10-year lease.                                                                  7%
  Legal sector underpinning demand                                       City vacancy rates                                                                                                                                        volumes                                Qatar
                                                                                                                                                  Low investment turnover in Q1
  Overall demand increased 5% to 9.6 million sq ft, compared to                                                                                                                                                                     by purchaser                          6%
  9.1 million sq ft at the end of 2019. The quarterly increase was                                                                                Investment volumes totalled £1.1 billion, a fall on the strong
  driven by an 11% uptick in active demand, which ended the                                                                                       final quarter of 2019, when turnover reached £3.1 billion,                         nationality                          Slovakia

  quarter at 7.1 million sq ft, and is now 15% ahead of the 10-year
  average. Potential demand fell 10% to 2.5 million sq ft, 25%
                                                                            3.5%                                      5.6%
                                                                                                                                                  but ahead of the £0.9 billion traded in the equivalent period in
                                                                                                                                                  2019. There were three transactions completed in excess
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Q1 2020                             4%
                                                                             Q1 2020                                                                                                                                                                                      China
  below the 10-year average, which could be partly attributed                                                                                     of £100 million, accounting for over half of quarterly turnover.
                                                                                                                      10-year
  to requirements activating searches earlier, due to the low                                                         average                     The largest saw a 50% share in Watermark Place,                                                                         3%
                                                                                          4.2%
  vacancy rate and limited development pipeline. Professional                                                                                     EC4 purchased for £252 million, by Union from Oxford                                                                    Hong Kong
  services accounted for the largest share of active demand at                                                                                    Properties, reflecting a net initial yield of 4.77% and a capital
  38%, driven largely by law firms, with 1.9 million sq ft required                         5-year                                                value of £938 per sq ft.                                                                                                2%
  from 24 occupiers.                                                                       average                                                                                                                                                                        Japan
                                                                                                                                                  European (excluding UK) buyers, led by Germany, were most
                                                                                                                                                  active, accounting for the six largest transactions totalling                                                           1%
                                                                                                                                                  £820 million. There were six transactions involving UK buyers                                                           Other
12                                                                                          Central London Office Market Report Q1 2020       Central London Office Market Report Q1 2020                                                                                                                                                                                           13

   East London overview                                                                                                                         Rental conditions in Central London

   Subdued leasing activity                                             East London vacancy rates                                                                    1      Hammersmith                    4             Mayfair                                   7             Victoria                      10           St James’s               13         Fitzrovia
                                                                                                                                                                                  £58.00                                 £117.50                                                    £80.00                                      £117.50                          £90.00
   Take-up was subdued in the first quarter, reaching                   14%
                                                                                                                                                                                  £88.32                                 £177.49                                                 £119.13                                        £177.49                         £132.61
   75,000 sq ft. This was 72% lower than the 10-year quarterly
                                                                        12%
   average, albeit take-up is typically more volatile than the
                                                                                                                                                                                Kensington                          Belgravia &                                    8             Vauxhall                      11                Soho                         North of
   City and West End markets. All four of the quarter’s                 10%                                                                                          2
                                                                                                                                                                                 & Chelsea
                                                                                                                                                                                                           5
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Knightsbridge
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     14
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Oxford Street
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    £60.00                                      £95.00
   transactions involved tenants from the public administration                                                                                                                   £72.50                                  £82.50                                                                                                                                 £90.00
                                                                        8%                                                                                                                                                                                                          £86.38                                      £142.25
   and institutions sector, including 32,500 sq ft leased by                                                                                                                     £118.59                                 £133.64                                                                                                                                £138.40
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Finsbury
   Anglia Ruskin University at Import Building, E14.                    6%                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Park

                                                                                                                                                                     3          Paddington                 6            Battersea                                  9            Waterloo                       12      Covent Garden                 15       Marylebone
                                                                        4%
   East London Q1 take-up                                                                                                                                                         £75.00                                  £57.50                                                    £65.00                                      £85.00                           £72.50
                                                                        2%                                                                                                       £109.56                                  £82.73                                                    £90.34                                      £124.13                         £105.84
                0.4                                                     0%
                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Hampstead
                                                                              2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020                                      Prime rent                                             Heath                                                                                                                               Stratford

                0.3                                                                                                                                                             £100+                                                                                                                                                                                       30
                                                                                        Overall vacancy             New vacancy
Million sq ft

                                                                                                                                                                                £90-99
                                                                                        10-year average - overall   10-year average - new                                       £80-89
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Camden
                0.2                                                                                                                                                             £70-79                                                                18               King’s                                                                             Queen Elizabeth
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Victoria         Olympic Park
                                                                                                                                                                                £60-69                                                                                 Cross                                                                Park
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        19
                                                                                                                                                                                £50-59
                0.1                                                     Three-tiered rental market                                                                              Sub £50                                     The Regent’s
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Park
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Marylebone
                                                                        Canary Wharf, the benchmark for East London, remains a                                                                                             e                  Euston
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   15                           16                                    Clerkenwell        Shoreditch
                                                                        three-tiered rental market. Prime rents were held at £51.00 per                 Wormwood
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Bloomsbury
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        ry                                29
                0.0                                                                                                                                      Scrubs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                         North of             Fitzrovia           17                           20                     28

                      Q1     Q1        Q1            Q1         Q1      sq ft. Tenant controlled supply is being marketed at rents from                   Park
                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Oxford 14               13
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                City                                           Northern
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Covent Midtown                          Western
                                                                        £42.50 per sq ft and continues to restrict rental growth, while                                                      Paddington                   Street
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Soho Garden   21                                 22
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Central 25              27
                      2016   2017      2018         2019        2020                                                                                                                                3                                                                                          23 Southern                      Aldgate
                                                                        pre-let supply is being marketed at rents of £59.50 per sq ft.       £90-100+                                                                                Mayfair
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      11          12
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          RIVER THAMES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Eastern
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     St. James                                                             26
                             Take-up          10-year average                                                                                                                                               Hyde
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Park
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           10                                  Southbank 24
                                                                        There were two major investment transactions completed                                                                                                                Green
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Park
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Canary 31
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Wharf
                                                                        in Q1 totalling £168 million, with most of this total accounted                                                                                                                                  Waterloo
                                                                                                                                                   0                                                      5 Belgravia &

   Robust demand underpinned by wider                                   for by Art-Invest’s purchase of Canada Water Dock, SE16 for                                                                         Knightsbridge                                                       9

   search areas                                                         £140 million.                                                                                                      Kensington
                                                                                                                                                                                           & Chelsea                                          Victoria
                                                                                                                                                                     Hammersmith
                                                                                                                                                                                                2                                                7                      Vauxhall
   Overall demand remained unchanged at 4.7 million sq ft,                                                                                                                  1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             8
   41% ahead of the 10-year quarterly average of 3.3 million sq ft.     East London rental bands
   Within this, active demand increased 12% to 3.7 million sq ft,                                                                                                                                                            6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        BATTERSEA                                                                                                                                           Greewich
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Park

                                                                              £59.50 per sq ft+
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          PARK
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Battersea
   while potential demand fell 28% to 1.0 million sq ft, reflecting a
   change in the status of some requirements. The above-average                                                                                                                      RIVER THAMES
                                                                              Pre-let
   demand reflects the wider search areas of many companies,
   with 77% of active requirements also considering options in                                                                                                                                                                      Clapham
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Common

   the City or West End.
                                                                              £51.00 per sq ft
                                                                                                                                                                     16           Euston                  19        King’s Cross                                  22             Western                       25               Central              28        Northern
                                                                                                                                                                                  £75.00                                  £85.00                                                    £77.50
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Brockwell                                  £72.50                           £75.00
   Above-average supply
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Park
                                                                              Prime rent                                                                                         £114.13                                 £125.29                                                 £112.25                                        £108.42                         £107.41

   Supply increased marginally to 2.4 million sq ft, reflecting a                                                                                        Wimbledon   17         Bloomsbury                20        Clerkenwell                                   23            Southern                       26               Eastern              29       Shoreditch
   vacancy rate of 11.1% which is significantly higher than the                                                                                           Common

   10-year average of 7.4%, and the City (3.5%) and West End                  £42.50 per sq ft+                                                                                   £85.00
                                                                                                                                                                                 £121.82
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          £80.00
                                                                                                                                                                                                                         £109.47
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    £70.00
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 £104.75
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                £75.00
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                £107.41
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 £72.50
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 £98.66
   (3.7%) markets.                                                            Tenant controlled
                                                                                                                                                                     18          Camden                   21       City Midtown                                   24         Southbank                         27               Aldgate              30        Stratford
   There were no development starts or completions during
                                                                                                                                                                                  £60.00                                  £72.50                                                    £70.00                                      £62.50                           £46.50
   the quarter. There are two major schemes currently under
                                                                                                                                                                                  £93.80                                 £109.59                                                 £104.50                                        £93.29                           £67.13
   construction speculatively, comprising 20 Water Street,
   E14 (215,000 sq ft) and Cargo, North Colonnade,                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   31     Canary Wharf
   E14 (346,000 sq ft), which are both due to complete in Q3 2020.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 £51.00
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 £76.23
14                                                                                                       Central London Office Market Report Q1 2020

 Contacts
 Leasing
 Neil Prime                                 Dan Burn                                    Chris Valentine
 Head of Central London Markets             Head of City Agency                         Head of West End Agency
 +44 (0)20 7399 5190                        +44 (0)20 7399 5966                         +44 (0)20 7087 5362
 neil.prime@eu.jll.com                      dan.burn@eu.jll.com                         chris.valentine@eu.jll.com

 Capital Markets
 Julian Sandbach                            Rob Jackson                                 Rob Corbett
 Head of Central London                     Head of City                                Head of West End
 Capital Markets                            Capital Markets                             Capital Markets
 +44 (0)20 7399 5973                        +44 (0)20 7399 5029                         +44 (0)20 7399 5545
 julian.sandbach@eu.jll.com                 robert.jackson@eu.jll.com                   rob.corbett@eu.jll.com

 Research
 Jon Neale                                  Elaine Rossall                              James Norton                               Amy Birdee
 Head of UK                                 Head of UK                                  Director                                   Associate Director
 Research                                   Offices Research                            UK Research                                UK Research
 +44 (0)20 7087 5508                        +44 (0)20 3147 1666                         +44 (0)20 7087 5033                        +44 (0)20 7087 5098
 jon.neale@eu.jll.com                       elaine.rossall@eu.jll.com                   james.norton@eu.jll.com                    amy.birdee@eu.jll.com

 Lease Advisory
 Geoffrey Pentecost                         Nicholas Smith
 Director - Lease Advisory                  Director - Lease Advisory
 +44 (0)20 7399 5390                        +44 (0)20 7087 5762
 geoffrey.pentecost@eu.jll.com              nicholas.smith@eu.jll.com

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